How To Build A Custom Raspberry Pi Router // OpenWrt on RPi 4

[@DevOdyssey]

What would you do with a Raspberry Pi OpenWrt Router? How would you make it the ultimate home router?

[@naturetech9983]

An extender guide would be useful, thanks!

[@DevOdyssey]

@@naturetech9983Thanks for watching! In regards to an extender guide, I assume you are talking about a WiFi extender. There are many ways we can do this, and one way I actually wanted to explore by using Raspberry Pi's to create a mesh network. I'd like to get to this, but not sure when I will. Depending on your deployment, some methods will be better than others to extend WiFi coverage. If you want to share your use case, I can offer my thoughts on the best way to address it.

[@DnKZone]

@@naturetech9983 hoping to install v2ray server

[@michaelcooper5490]

I built mine a year ago and I just recently upgraded it to 23.05.5. Some of the packages that were in the older versions aren't there anymore. I am sure I can find alternatives though, Like the "luci-app-wireguard" isn't there anymore. Anyway it has been my everyday whole home router for almost a year now. I am now building a mesh network with it and extending it to the outside of my home.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@michaelcooper5490 hmm, well I do certainly expect some changes, but I it surprises me that the luci-app-wireguard package would not be there anymore. openwrt.org/packages/pkgdata/luci-app-wireguard As you can see in the link, its available in the 22.03, but it doesn't seem to show a release for the 23.05 and beyond. This is something to certainly look into, as I'm curious to see what how WireGuard info gets in the LuCI UI without that package, if at all. Definitely something to look into. Thats great to hear! How has it been as an everyday home router? Do you have any experiences to share in how its performed? I like the idea of a mesh network, that should really be a fun project' I've been wanting to build a mesh network of Pis and see how it goes, but haven't really gotten around to testing it. The article below should be a great reference for getting meshing working with OpenWrt. Just make sure you get the right USB WiFi adapters that support meshing. cgomesu.com/blog/Mesh-networking-openwrt-batman/ Lastly, I am working on a video where I create a "router on a stick" where you only need one ethernet port for both WAN and LAN, particularly with a Raspberry Pi 5. So you don't even need a USB Ethernet dongle. If you're curious on how to set that up, be on the lookout for my next video, I'm excited for it 😊

[@boiledrat]

great tutorial and you probably wont see this but does this setup make the rasberry pi a standalone router or do i have to connect it to my home wifi? could you make a tutorial on how to make it a standalone router

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @boiledrat! I appreciate the compliment. I can't guarantee that I will see all comments, as sometimes youtube slips one past me without giving me a notification, but I try my best to get to them all. So I am seeing this comment after all 😊 Anyway, as for your question. The way this video is made is so that this raspberry pi is a standalone router. Once you set it up, it does not have to be connected to your home wifi, it becomes your home WiFi access point (albeit a weaker one). This is actually a great opportunity to repurpose your existing WiFi router into an access point, which I have a video that can show you how to do that. kzbin.info/www/bejne/jaq4na18hJ5jgaM This Raspberry Pi router is a standalone router that you'd connect directly to the modem.

[@boiledrat]

@@DevOdyssey thank you for taking the time to answer me. i really appreciate it 👍

[@DevOdyssey]

@@boiledrat You're welcome! Happy to chime in.

[@cjlowe1650]

Does OpenWrt support VLANS? In this setup?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @cjlowe1650! Yup, OpenWrt does support VLANs. I did actually create two videos on this that you can watch. In particular, the second one would be more relevant using the new VLAN Architecture. kzbin.info/www/bejne/mmTEioCnqZKVlcU This set up is basically what I used in the video I linked.

[@glennperete]

been using a 3b+ for some time now, with sqm and adblock. it is connected to an 8 port managed switch. only have 35/35 internet tho

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Glenn! Thats very cool, I am not familiar with SQM but when doing a google search, it looks neat to me. Adding a ad blocker to your network is a great addition, and with the 8 port managed switch, perfects a network setup with a Raspberry Pi. You can always upgrade network connection at another time anyway. Always good to have network hardware thats more capable than what you're running in the moment.

[@robertreidmd]

Thank you for this! I watched this 5 times and did the procedure repeatedly until I understood it all. You are a very good instructor.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you for watching Robert, especially 5 times! The compliment really means a lot to me, as thats what I aspire to be. I'm glad it was able to sink in for you! I definitely did this process at least 5 times just to be sure I could also explain it well in a video format 😊

[@mrf.1683]

@@DevOdyssey Good day friend, happy new year! Be blessed. If you don't mind, what parts components do you suggest to grow the rpi wifi coverage? I have 7000 square feet devided into 5 rooms, 2 in two different basements. I would like to use OpenWrt to install a very specific vpn. Would a rpi cluster possible to manage a constant data traffic? Thank you kindly, F.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@mrf.1683 Hi Frank, thanks for watching. Happy New Year! I don't mind at all, but there are definitely a few ways you can resolve your concern. With 7000 sq ft, you definitely will want to use something with greater WiFi coverage than a just a rpi. We'll start with best solution in terms of performance, and go from there. If you are set on OpenWrt for all of your devices, I'd buy UniFi access points that can serve up your WiFi and you can flash OpenWrt onto (not necessary, thats just if you want OpenWrt), and you can use the rpi as your main router / firewall. Ideally, you'd also hook up all these access points using ethernet cabling. Not sure if your home is prewired, but if so, that makes things so much easier. Otherwise, to do this, you'd have to run ethernet cabling yourself or have it done. It's not hard to do, but time consuming, and requires some handy work. This solution would be the most performant, while also being on OpenWrt. Your next best solution is similar to the first. You can buy UniFi Access points, flash OpenWrt onto them, and mesh them using OpenWrt. This would be like a wireless mesh of rpi devices, but rather using hardware that has better wireless capabilities. I am not too familiar with this process yet, but id refer you to an excellent article from @Carlos Gomez on wireless mesh networking (I'll link it below). Or you can buy mesh ready UniFi Access points and mesh them from UniFi software. This is certainly easier than wiring all your access points. It wont be as performant, but it definitely will be better then not using mesh access points. As long as you connect an access point to the rpi with an ethernet cable (or a switch connected to the rpi), then you should be fine for the others to mesh and have mostly reliable performance. cgomesu.com/blog/Mesh-networking-openwrt-batman/ I'm not sure on how the layout of your home is, and the materials used in building the home, but that will impact your wireless mesh performance and where you should place the devices. Lastly, if you don't want to go through this trouble, you can simply buy a mesh WiFi system that has an easy and intuitive setup. Google, Linksys, Netgear all have mesh systems that would work well enough. Let me know if you have any other questions.

[@MasterTeeee]

Welcome to the wonderful world of double NAT.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @MasterTeeee! Ha oh what a wonderful world it is! While I didn't want to get into double NAT in this video, I just wanted to show connecting your WAN interface to an ethernet port (ideally on a modem, and not an internal network like I had) to get an internet connection to continue the setup. Then once done, ideally you'd connect the Raspberry Pi to your ISP's modem, and you wouldn't be double NATed anymore. Though, in this setup, I was actually connecting to a little router I had set up for this video with a cellular modem for internet, which is CGNATed, and so at that point I'd actually be triple NATed haha. Definitely not ideal and what I'd suggest. I had to recently do some configuration in my home network to remove a double NAT that I inadvertently set up, and once I did I was happy to have gotten rid of it. There are certain use cases for it, but definitely no fun for gamers.

[@geeks-channel]

u can put the openwrt machine in a DMZ from your isp router

[@DevOdyssey]

@@geeks-channel thanks for watching! Your suggestion is appreciated, but this does not overcome NAT. DMZs on generic router simply turn off firewall protections and forward external traffic to an IP or IPs. I haven’t really used DMZ mode much on generic routers, but this I’m sure functionality varies among router vendors and how they implement it. Nonetheless what stays the same is it exposes and internal IP to the outside, public internet, but still remains a private IP, therefore you’re still being NATted. But, as I think about it and write more, if you shut off NAT on the raspberry Pi OpenWrt router, you can basically stop double NATing (effectively just making it only a gateway/router, not a NAT device) and you wouldn’t even need to put it in DMZ on your ISP router, it still would be single NATed regardless.

[@geeks-channel]

​@@DevOdyssey Double NAT occurs when you have two routers performing NAT between your local network and the internet. This commonly happens when you have a router provided by your internet service provider (ISP) and then add another router behind it. To mitigate these issues, you can consider the following options: Bridge Mode: If supported by your ISP router, you can configure it to operate in bridge mode, effectively disabling its routing capabilities and allowing the second router to handle all routing functions. This eliminates double NAT. DMZ Configuration: You can configure the ISP router to forward all incoming traffic to the second router (DMZ host), effectively bypassing the ISP router's NAT functionality for devices behind the second router.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@geeks-channel great explanation, thanks for sharing. With bridge mode on the first router, you certainly bypass double NAT since you effectively make the first router a DHCP relay to pass the DHCP traffic directly to whats connected on the other ethernet port, typically a personal router of your own, as we well know, instead of an ISP provided one. While DMZ mode can mitigate the issues of a double NAT scenario, NAT is still occurring, inbound and outbound. I did some research here to try and see exactly what a generic consumer router does in DMZ mode, and it simply seems to forward all external ports (on the public IP) to all internal ports (on a private IP address) on a device of your choosing. This is just a "port forward all" rule to one internal device, as you alluded to. In this regard, it can help issues that some might experience with NAT, but its still NAT. The device that all traffic is forwarded too still will have a private IP address, and therefore for any traffic to route to and from the internet, NAT still must occur. The only way this doesn't need to happen, of course, is if the second router (in this case), gets assigned a public IP address, as noted above in bridge mode. Unless you have block of public IPs you purchased (say a /24), then you can have more than one device directly on the internet and circumvent any NATing (for purposes of routing internet bound traffic). Then at this point, you probably aren't using a consumer grade router with DMZ mode, and using a more complex network setup to facilitate the use of your block of public IPs. This is really one reason why I'd like to get into IPv6 (as opposed to commonplace IPv4 NATing due to IP exhaustion / costliness), as some ISPs assign home users a /48 (I believe), and you can use that block to your discretion, which would be fun to try out, and have devices directly on the internet without the need for NAT (at least for those who know what they're doing).

[@Jumbopoptv]

Good video, I plan on making one of these but I have never worked on anything raspberry pi in my life lol, what kit do you recommend to get for this project? Thanks

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @Jumbopoptv! Happy to hear you want to make one. It's definitely a fun little project where you learn a lot. You're generic kit from vendors that includes a power cable, a case, HDMI cable, SD card, etc should be fine. I've purchased kits from CanaKit or Vilros and both have been great for me. You'd have to get the ethernet cables yourself, as that isn't typically included in a kit. Do you have a planned use case for this Raspberry Pi Router? If so, I can offer some updated guidance on the set up of this Raspberry Pi Router relative to your network requirements.

[@Jumbopoptv]

@@DevOdyssey Thanks for the response, I just got the zero w starter kit from amazon. If I do end up making this (it’s between this and the pi-hole) do you think my kit should be enough to do so? If I do end up making the router it would primarily be for an ethernet connection on my console.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@Jumbopoptv You're welcome! The Zero W is a great start, but honestly its probably better suited for a pi-hole than as a router. The Zero W doesn't have any native ethernet port, so you'd have to get a HAT which I believe uses USB. Now of course I do show that in this video, but it would at least be nice to have one native ethernet interface. If you do use the Zero W as a pi-hole, then be cautious that this devices basically acts as your DNS server. So if you have a poor WiFi connection between the Zero W and your router, this can cause delays or potential outages. In general, the Zero W is better suited as a client than performing server tasks. I have a Zero 2 W that I'm still figuring out what to do with it, but I'm thinking a sort of lightweight machine I can plug into my main laptop, and log in via the console, and mess around, more for testing. I'm sure there are plenty of projects you can find to make with a Zero 2 W by doing a little bit of searching. My 2 cents.

[@mikostudy2867]

Hi there, thanks for this video, very helpful, I have a problem while i try to add the ethernet in the usb, After installing the packeg, i cant see the adapter interface (eth1), only the eth0 is shown...

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Miko! So this issue is likely related to the driver and the usb ethernet adapter. Are you using the same adapter as I am in the video? If not, what is the ethernet usb adapter that you are using? It may not use the same driver as shown in this video.

[@mikostudy2867]

@@DevOdyssey thanks for your replay, I try this with several different adapters, one is "UGreen", the other is not brand, Maybe i shoulde try buy someting more treditional.. like tp-link, or D-link

[@mikostudy2867]

@@DevOdyssey If you can think about a solutuion.. Very like your videos ! You about to make one about cofigure the rpi - openWrt, as tor network router ?

[@DevOdyssey]

@@mikostudy2867 you’re welcome! And those adapters may still work. The best way you can figure this out or test it, is by looking at the label on these adapters you have. There should be something that indicates it’s chipset. With that you can do some searching online for drivers associated with that chipset in Linux / OpenWrt. Chances are you’ll find something but if not, then you can try a more name brand usb Ethernet adapter. Those may also be more reliable as well. It’s just a matter of doing a little bit of research to figure it out.

[@cesarsantana1097]

@@DevOdyssey Hello. I'm having the same problem. Could I configure this new interface manually on the Raspberry Pi?

[@enricocialdini6194]

with VPN support?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @enricocialdini6194! Yup this should support VPNs no problem! You can watch my WireGuard on OpenWrt videos as an example on how to set that up from a client VPN perspective, or site to site VPN perspective. kzbin.info/www/bejne/ZmXUZWR9erWpgaMsi=JUkVXZa1JJ-a5S42 kzbin.info/www/bejne/aJWrXoJmmNeHns0si=Deo6EWI25wk7XKYW

[@Dark.Pri77]

Can I put a sim in it?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching kanchan! Yes you can, but you will need additional hardware (such as a cellular modem). I actually did a video on this for getting a 3G connection on a Raspberry Pi using a SixFab 4G LTE Pi Hat, where you can install a SIM card and cell modem over USB. kzbin.info/www/bejne/raDHiHRqdq2Je9k

[@jlnbroadcast]

Is it possible to use the ethernet port on the RP4 as a wired internet connection? I am bonding Speedify USB connections for a more robust internet, however, can only access the bonded connections via wifi. An ethernet connection would be much more secure.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching John. Yep, its possible. You just need to configure the ethernet port as your WAN interface. First you'd need to setup WiFi so you have access to LuCI, and then you can remove the bridge connection between your WiFi and ethernet interfaces, and setup the ethernet as a separate WAN interface. An ethernet connection would definitely be more reliable than WiFi if thats what you are looking for.

[@ikarm]

Good tutorial, but it would be much easier if you added a keyboard and screen to your Raspberry PI.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @ikarm! Appreciate the compliment. There are lots of things I have learned in hindsight after making this video, let alone, have discovered, so I certainly have new ways I'd improve my process for creating a Raspberry Pi OpenWrt router. For example, using a keyboard and screen would be helpful in many scenarios in this video, though, I couldn't do that this way making this video since I couldn't capture or record that output. Now I can capture HDMI output and record it. In addition, it would probably e easier for me to create a custom build of OpenWrt for my Raspberry Pi, flash it, and then use the SD card, avoiding some headaches I had to do in this video, prior to knowing how to build images. Lastly, If you cant set up a build system, you can still customize images using OpenWrt Firmware Selector (firmware-selector.openwrt.org/), where you can also add packages, and scripts at boot. In addition, you can follow OpenWrt's documentation to expand the file system on a live system (refer to the below). openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/advanced/expand_root So there are definitely many ways you can build an image that don't exactly follow this process above, some to which I use now as they are quicker and easier. I'd consider making a new video to show these different ways of making new builds quickly and effectively. Nonetheless thanks again for the suggestion!

[@carlosfagomes]

very nice tutorial, Orest. lots and lots of good resources packed into a single video. you touched one topic that I think is widely unexplored, which is using USB interfaces to expand the functionality (and improve performance) of existing hardware. the same way you illustrated with the RPi and the USB to eth adapter, we can use the existing USB ports of pretty much any existing OpenWrt device to create, for example, new radios by attaching (2.4GHz/5GHz) wifi USB dongles and installing their drivers. this comes handy when working with wireless mesh and in any other cases in which there is a need for physical segmentation of wireless communication. keep it up!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching and for the compliment Carlos! Yes, I agree, the USB interfaces provides many capabilities, not just any regular desktop PC, but also to single board computers, and it's where there's much to explore with an RPi. That is something I actually did with OpenWrt! I had a TP-Link USB wireless adapter around, and I couldn't get the radios working on the RPi, and sure enough I was able to plug it in and get it working quickly with or without installing additional drivers, of course depending on it they are installed to begin with. Certainly is handy with wireless mesh, and something I'm still exploring, as you already know. My TP-Link USB wireless adapter had more options available for radio modes than the RPi itself, which specific to mesh are a big help. Definitely a good note on physical segmentation too, which I think is forgotten as well, as virtual segmentation is done probably more frequently, and for very good reasons. I look forward to trying out wireless mesh with RPi, OpenWrt and frankly any other interesting use cases that might come about. As a footnote, for those interested, Carlos has written a great blog post on wireless mesh using open source software and common hardware. I'd encourage anyone to check it out if they want to learn more: cgomesu.com/blog/Mesh-networking-openwrt-batman/ I'm still digesting all this great information, and its on my radar to try out the methods used in your blog post, and document my experience with a video 😊

[@Dhanuhammer]

Hey thanks for the tutorial, is it good to choose ext4 image over squashfs? I read somewhere that squashfs filesystem reduces the wear and tear of the SDcard

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Dhanuhammer! Good question. Yes its fine to chose ext4 over squashfs. Ext4 is the default file system type on many linux distributions. However, you are correct, in that squashfs reduces the wear and tear of the physical media to store the files system (SDcard, flash memory, etc). It's a read only file system and because it;'s mainly only doing reads, it will improve the lifetime of your storage media. The reason I used ext4 is because I wanted to resize the file system to I could take advantage of all the storage SD card has to offer, as opposed to only using a limited portion. I knew how to resize it with ext4 and thats why I went with it. But you could also resize the squashfs file system as well. You can refer to the link below on how to do that. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/installation/openwrt_x86#resizing_filesystem

[@firmanjamal2871]

What about using Compute Module Pi 4 with wifi and ethernet board ?

[@DevOdyssey]

Certainly you can use that. The Compute Module 4 with eMMC flash does have a WiFi chip, so all you'd need to provide is an antenna. Since it also has a built in ethernet chip, you will get at least one native ethernet port. However, you can get different carrier boards that expand the number of ethernet ports over PCIe or USB controller. I prefer over PCIe, as that way you'd get the better performance. The DFRobot IoT board is a good example of this, though it only has 2 Ethernet Ports: www.dfrobot.com/product-2242.html You can also go with adding an Intel 4 Port PCIe adapter, as Jeff Geerling does in this video. kzbin.info/www/bejne/gX2TlWlun5iUgK8 Granted this is not the form factor you want, but it proves out the concept. I'm sure there are other carrier boards out there with more ethernet ports over PCIe. This is something I'm interested in exploring and have plans to make best home router build anyone can make!

[@santhoshkumar-ob2ok]

Hi Dev Without usb to ethernet adaptor 3.0 We cannot do Isit mandatory usb to ethernet adaptor?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Santosh. Great question! Technically speaking, its not mandatory to use the USB Ethernet Adapter. You can plug in your WAN connection from your modem, to the built in ethernet adapter on the Raspberry Pi. However, that will restrict you to only using WiFi with the Raspberry Pi which is suboptimal in my opinion. You could improve the WiFi signal by soldering a radio antenna onto the Raspberry Pi board, but thats quite a bit more physical work and error prone if not done right. Not something I see most people doing. A way to build on top of this project is to use a different SBC (Single Board Computer) that has more ethernet ports and WiFi available on it, such as the boards I mentioned in the description.

[@whothefoxcares]

Openwrt needs a stand alone installer, preferably a live bootable/installable image. Who has free time on hand to do it?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Karen! You know, I agree. I do with there was a standalone installer that could help you with the installation, make specific changes, that suit your needs. A live image would be really cool. Maybe the maintainers of the project will make it one day, but I don't see it happening anytime soon. As of now the only way to really customize your install, before doing an actual "install", would be to create your own image. I'm playing around with that right now actually, and there is a lot to it. I'd like to make a video on that one day as its much easier to build in the packages you need, versus having to install them after its running.

[@ebiscaia]

Hi mate, What should I change in your tutorial if I only want to use the Wifi connection? I mean, if I got it right, the built-in Ethernet would be the Wan and the Wifi the Lan, right? What else should I do? Thanks, Eduardo

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Eduardo! If you just want to use the WiFi available on the Raspberry Pi 4, you'd do exactly as you said 😊. So thats correct, built in ethernet would be the WAN, and the WiFi would be the LAN. If this is all you want to accomplish, you don't really have to do anything else. Relative to the video, you'd just skip the part where I download the packages for the USB ethernet adapter, at 10:45 - 11:51. Then you'd proceed from here as normal, keeping in mind you don't have a Ethernet device for your LAN, and that you have a WiFi device for your LAN, that you'll notice during the WiFi configuration portion of the video at 14:11.

[@Lp-ze1tg]

Would a pi 3b+ do the trick?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching L p! Yup a Raspberry Pi 3B+ should do the trick too. I believe it has a slightly different CPU, so you'd need to use a different OpenWrt image, that you can find here. downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/targets/bcm27xx/bcm2710/ Other than that, its definitely more than capable with its hardware specs to perform well.

[@tranquiloteov]

Thanks for the awsome video.I have a raspberry pi 5 with docker and adguard as a dns server. Would it be possible to add another container for openwrt? or i have to use another independent raspberry pi?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @tranquiloteov! Nice setup! So from my research, you can setup OpenWrt within a container, but I can't say I have ever done it. The reverse is also true, you can run containers within OpenWrt (as the host OS). So you could run those adguard and dns server in a container on OpenWrt, or simply use the adguard package and built in dnsmasq. But if you want to use OpenWrt as a container, I'd refer to this reddit thread here with some notable links on OpenWrt containers. www.reddit.com/r/openwrt/comments/p7qple/has_anyone_tried_running_openwrt_in_a_docker/ openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/virtualization/lxc github.com/oofnikj/docker-openwrt If you do get it working, give update this here with a comment, I'd be happy to hear about it.

[@Pkemarco]

Hi ! Thanks for the video. I have a little issue, I use the RPi 400 and the wlan isn't working, do you have any clue ? I don't find anything interesting on internet. Thanks again !

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Erickson! I was just doing some research around RPi 400 WiFi issues with OpenWrt, and I couldn't seem to find anything in particular, so I don't have an initial inclination. The Raspberry Pi 400 should have the same hardware as a Raspberry Pi 4, to my knowledge. Did you use the wireless config in the video description? That should work, it has for me consistently. If thats the case, might need to do some troubleshooting with multiple different commands and log files.

[@electron_ij]

Thanks for the tutorial, I want to add a Realtek WiFi key, but I can't always do it.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @electron_ij! Would you be able to explain more? It sounds like you're referring to a Realtek USB WiFi adapter. So long as you refer to OpenWrt's table of hardware to research what Realtek chipsets are supported, you should have enough information to see if you can use it. They do have a good amount of information to show what WiFI chipsets are supported so you can choose the right one that works for you.

[@electron_ij]

@@DevOdyssey I want the exact procedure to add a wifi dongle example (Realtek RTL8188) to use as an access point

[@DevOdyssey]

@@electron_ij The procedure is effectively the same as with any WiFi radio, whether its built in or a dongle. Simple install the right packages, which in the example you gave, looks like its openwrt.org/packages/pkgdata/rtl8188eu-firmware Once you have that installed, you can plug it in, and then you should have a WiFi radio for you in the Network -> Wireless section that you'd set up just like I did in the video.

[@tobe4her]

One more great project for the Raspberry Pi, it is possible to set up VLANS on the Pi-router since in the OpenWRT I can not find the option Network-Switch to add the VLAN that I create under Network-Interfaces-Devices... if this GUI doesnt have this option, can this be done under CLI?.... thank you for the advice. (I checked your video: How to Create a VLAN - A Beginner's Guide // OpenWrt Router, but here you don't use a raspberry pi)

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching tobe4her! Good question! Yes it is, you should be able to do that. So depending on the version of OpenWrt you are using, creating VLANs is will be different. OpenWrt 19.x you create VLANs using swconfig, and in OpenWrt 21.02, you create VLANs using DSA. I'm happy you watched my prior video on it, and when I made that video, I was using OpenWrt 19.x. This video I am on OpenWrt 21.02, but as you saw, I didnt cover VLANs. I have researched how to create VLANs in OpenWrt 21.02, but I still have not tested it out yet. Thats on my list to do in the next coming videos, but it shouldn't be too difficult. In OpenWrt 21.02, you first create a bridge interface, and within there, you create VLANs. If you'd like to take a look now and try it out for yourself before I get to the video, (and if you're on OpenWrt 21.02), you can refer to the wiki links I read below that improved my understanding of how VLANs work in OpenWrt 21.02 openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/dsa/dsa-mini-tutorial openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/dsa/converting-to-dsa

[@marcusshaffer7814]

Does the router you plug the pi into and your computer have to be the same network. I think the reason why the steps are failing for me is due to the wired and wireless connection are different

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @marcusshaffer7814! Good question. Technically, your computer and Raspberry Pi do not need to be on the same network. Really, you just need two things: 1. SSH access from the computer to your Raspberry Pi 2. Internet Access for your Pi If those two requirements are satisfied, then you're good. If your Pi and computer are on the same network, it makes SSH access easier. Also, this process is to install the packages you need. You can bypass this and make a prebuilt image with the packages and configuration you already need by following this video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/o2rYiIBshrqhpq8

[@BEDavisBrown]

Does the RPI openwrt allow the usb to be used as a storage and print server?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching BE Davis Brown! Yes, the USB port can be used for things like storage or connecting to a printer for network printing. For storage, simply make sure you have the right packages install, usb enabled, and your disk partition and mounted and you should be good to go. Here is a good reference on OpenWrt's wiki that should be really helpful for getting it set up. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/storage/usb-drives For printing, you can download a package for CUPS (Common Unix Printing System), or p910nd. I am familiar with CUPS, but not p910nd, though p910nd is recommended for print use with OpenWrt, as opposed to CUPS, so you should probably go with p910nd. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/services/print_server/cups.server openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/services/print_server/p910nd.server Looks like p910nd doesnt use spooling, which in that regard is probably more performant and better from a user experience standpoint, though I can't speak to experience here.

[@BEDavisBrown]

@@DevOdyssey Wow, great reply and thanks for the links!

[@DevOdyssey]

@@BEDavisBrown You’re welcome! Glad to help 😊

[@kumatmebro315]

thank you for this guide, all the other ones broke for me because they said to change lan back through luci

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Kumat Mebro! It's funny you say that, as when I was creating this video, and referencing other guides, that happened to me as well! I got stuck and locked out, had to plug in a keyboard and monitor to see what happened, only to notice the changes didn't actually save, so I'd have to manually delete those changes, make the ones I wanted to in the config files, and then save it. After that it worked. So I figured I'd skip the step in LuCi and make the changes directly in the text files.

[@broly-fl7nn]

plz explain how to link ethernet cable between a computer and the openwrt router

[@DevOdyssey]

I'm not sure how to explain this other than simply plugging in the cable on your computer's RJ45, or ethernet port, and then plugging in the other side into the router's RJ45 (ethernet) port, particularly a LAN port. Then this should connect the computer to the network and OpenWrt will assign the computer a private IP address that it will use for communicating on the network.

[@samsanders2345]

Thanks for the tutorial i was looking for a good detailed tutorial so i could install openwrt. im thinking to install on one of my raspberry pi 4b 8gb ram. but i might install on my D-Link DIR-1960. I have a couple of questions if you dont mind. i noticed you were only getting about 36mbps download speeds and your ping time was a little high at 58ms on the raspberry pi, is that yor speeds provided by your isp or is that the best speeds a pi can offer. im on a 100mbps network and would preffer getting my max speeds. Thanks again

[@DevOdyssey]

You're welcome, thanks for watching Sam! Sure, I'm happy to answer your questions. In regards to the download speeds and ping speeds, I was using a cellular connection for my WAN in this video, while in my basement studio and connected over ethernet, which the download speed was slow / ping was high. Definitely more of an issue with the signal my antennas were catching in the basement. If you get faster speeds from your ISP, say 200 Mbps, you should have no problem getting 100 Mbps or more over gigabit ethernet. In regards to your D Link router, that will definitely provide a better WiFi signal than a Raspberry Pi, given the D-Link's antennas and chipset. So that is something to take into consideration. Let me know if you have any other questions!

[@antoniobedolla8986]

does it support mesh?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Antonio! Yes, this can support mesh, using an open source mesh protocol called batman-adv, linked below. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/batman You should be able to find it as an opkg package as well. With this router setup, you’ll definitely want to add WiFi antennas to use for mesh and as a station (to connect clients). You can use the built in wifi for a mesh band, but that should only be done if you plan to keep the mesh access points close to each other since the the wifi antennas are not really suited to act as a station (as opposed acting as a client, as it’s intended). Alfa (atheros) chips, as I’ve been recommended, work well with OpenWrt support and batman-adv. While there are plenty of Alfa usb wifi adapters you can buy, I’ve heard this one is good. a.co/d/dBflVAD I will note I haven’t tried this, and I’d like to one day create a mesh setup using openwrt flashed routers (such as Raspberry Pi, commercial routers, or other custom boards) so I can’t offer my experience on it, but one day I hope you’ll get to watch a video that I’ll make once I try it for myself. Also be mindful this will probably only work with other router that support batman-adv, which I personally only know of OpenWrt and Linux devices supporting it. Best of luck in your mesh setup!

[@Qwoll]

I see you have included a usb to ethernet adapter. I don't have one of those adapters. Can I just plug the ethernet from my modem into the ethernet port of the raspberry pi?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @Qwoll. The USB Ethernet adapter is not necessary for connecting a Raspberry Pi to your modem. The onboard Ethernet NIC on your Raspberry Pi will work just fine with a modem. However, since it’s the only Ethernet NIC on a Raspberry Pi, you won’t be able to connect any other devices to the Raspberry Pi via Ethernet, they’ll all have to be connected wirelessly via WiFi. Since the WiFi on a Raspberry Pi is not well suited for using it as a WiFi base station, you won’t get great performance. This is where using dedicated access points would work better, and connecting those via Ethernet to the Raspberry Pj makes the most sense. But you wouldn’t be able to do that with no more Ethernet ports, which is why I’d recommend getting a usb Ethernet adapter to have one more port for other uses, such as connecting to a network switch, which would be great for more ports, or at least access points for better WiFi connectivity.

[@cjlowe1650]

Considering that you said the limitations are on the hardware side would it be safe to say a pi5 would be a wasted hardware over a pi4?

[@DevOdyssey]

Good question. The limitations are hardware, mostly in networking IO, that being ethernet ports (chipsets), native support for them in the CPU, and WiFi. Given that, a RPi 5 would definitely be more than you need, as with a RPi 4, but with RPi 5 you get PCIe support with ribbon cables, so in theory, you could add more Ethernet ports or WiFi over PCIe as opposed to adding them over USB, which would most certainly be faster, and more stable in an indefinite running environment. Given that, I say that flexibility makes it more worth it to use an RPi 5, with only an incremental cost. Now we have to wait for hardware vendors to release compatible boards with networking IO, since we are in the early days, but if I were to repeat this, I'd use an RPi 5 and use PCIe over USB.

[@sugyananand4339]

Will this work for bcm28xx (rpi 4 model b) or Is there an opentwrt build avaliable for bcm28xx? Edit: it is compatible for the 28xx as well.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Sugyan! Thats a very interesting question. To my knowledge, I didnt know that bcm28xx variants would come with the Raspberry Pi 4. So I did a little research, and it seems like this is not the case, and no Raspberry Pi 4 should be coming with a bcm28xx variant SoC. However, I also found out from Raspberry Pi forums that the cpuinfo file is reporting the incorrect version, as shown in the link below. forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?t=245384 www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processors.html Also, if you look on the CPU itself (if you don't have heatsinks on it), it should have written on it 'BCM2711'. So your Raspberry Pi 4 Model B should have a bcm2711 variant CPU on it, and of course, should work as expected with this build of OpenWrt.

[@benjaminshtark5977]

my ISP gave me a router with WIFI5, so I used rpi5 I already had, plugged and WIFI6 dongle into it and made an WIFI6 access point :) re-used hardware I already had without spending extra to ISP to upgrade router or buying WIFI6 access point, also my RPI can act as network computer to store some files, stream stuff and provide remote access and do bunch of other things (arcade games included) :DD

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @benjaminshtark5977! Thats a nice and easy way to get a WiFi 6 Access Point! What WiFi 6 Dongle did you go with? I have heard good things about Alfa USB WiFi adapters. I like the frugality mindset, a nice an easy to way to upgrade with items you already have. Definitely would have spent more getting a new WiFi 6 access point, let alone wouldn't be as functional as you noted. It would definitely go above and beyond a typical WiFi 6 access point. Anytime you can avoid using a ISP provided router, definitely do it. If you can't, well then you can only hope their router supports bridge mode so you can use your own router without double NATing. Anyway, thanks for sharing your use cases with us all!

[@cjlowe1650]

Great video but why use a VM? I would think you would only want the router software running on the pi!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks, and the VM was only used as an environment to expand the useable storage of my sqaushfs image to fill out the SD card. Otherwise, you are stuck with the limited storage in the squashfs image by default. There are many ways to expand this image, and I simply used a Linux based VM as my means to get into the image and modify it before running it on my Pi. This extra storage is useful for adding more packages, or using your Pi for network storage.

[@savantakashik6864]

Would building an OpenWRT router on a Raspberry Pi be any different than building it on a mini PC such as an Intel NUC? It seems like your project is building a router on a small computer and using a small computer as a router. Is this correct?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Savant Akashik! From a high level general perspective, it should be any different building OpenWrt router on a Raspberry Pi versus an Intel NUC. The biggest different between the two is the architecture (x86 / x64 vs ARM), which can be significant, mostly with supportability and power consumption, and some hardware differences, but otherwise, the routing and networking theory doesn't change. It's basically as you said, building a router on a small computer (single board computer), or using a small computer (single board computer) as a router. Those statements are the same in either way in this case. So depending on your needs, an Intel NUC might server you better as an OpenWrt router than a Raspberry Pi.

[@justindavis7400]

I am trying to set up a second USB ethernet adapter to connect to a second computer and cannot seem to get it to work. Do both interfaces have to be in config device / br-lan / bridge list ports line somehow ?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Justin! So long as you have the right package installed, you should be able to plug in any number of usb interfaces. Sounds like you have one working so adding another shouldn’t be a problem. By not getting it to work, could you elaborate? As in you can’t get the interface up and running or networking over the interface? If you want the the second computer to be on the same network, then it needs to be in the same LAN bridge. You can do this pretty easily by editing the br-lan device and adding the second USB NIC device to the bridge. Otherwise you can stand up a different network in the other interface if you want to segment the second computer from the rest of the network.

[@markusjoost445]

Thanks for the video. Since I have only a Win 10 PC, how does resizing the file system after writing it on sd-card with pi imager work?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Markus! So without a Linux instance to edit the ext4 file system, there isn’t much you can do to expand the file system. Since you are on Windows, you might be able to use Windows Subsystem Linux (WSL) but I don’t have any personal experience there. Otherwise, I recommend downloading virtual box, a free virtualization software from Oracle, and then an Ubuntu image, and create an Ubuntu VM and follow the steps in the video / description. You can also create a custom image of OpenWrt with the right root file size. I just recently learned this and will be coming out with a video shortly on it. This video I’ll be using a Linux VM to build my own image. It’s easy enough to make with plenty of online guides to help. I also made a video on creating a VM, but I make a Windows VM instead of Ubuntu. The same process applies either way.

[@markusjoost445]

@@DevOdyssey Thank you Boris. Since I have no experience in virtulisation I managed to install Debian on an extra SSD and so I could repeat your steps ... and now the rpi4 is running as OpenWrt router! Next is to connect a switch, an access point and finetune all. Greetings from Germany.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@markusjoost445 You're welcome Markus! Glad you were able to learn something new during this process, and set up an rpi4 as an OpenWrt router! 😊 Best of luck with connecting the switch and tuning your configuration! Greetings from the US.

[@Administracioncontrapesomx]

I'm trying to configure my Pi to broadcast on 2.4g but can't find the parameters I should write on the wireless file

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Administración contrapeso.mx! The gist in my video description configures a WiFi 5G station, so not exactly what you'd want. gist.github.com/odevodyssey/bd16cd8eb4707ef14c4d59d6fb15a406#file-wireless If you want 2.4 GHz, you should change the hwmode to 11g. However, this seems to only apply for versions 21.02 and below. Since 21.02.2, there is a new parameter called band, that you'd specify to 2g for 2.4GHz. Refer to the link below to learn more. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/basic Ideally, the easiest way to create this config is to have LuCI do it for you, if you can have LuCI on the system.

[@cjlowe1650]

What gig of memory is the pi4B? And is there a memory limit that is the max you should use for the router? I.e. does 8g really have an advantage over say 2 or 4g? Thanks.

[@DevOdyssey]

RPi 4B can be 2, 4 and 8 GB of memory. Routers generally don't consume a lot of memory, its mostly a matter of how much additional software / packages are added that consume more memory. With 8GB, its basically overkill, but also lets you repurpose that Pi if ever need to into something else. Its more a matter of having that power just in case. In any case I can't see OpenWrt ever using 8 GB of RAM, even with lots of packages. Haven't actually tried to reach this limit, but it would be difficulty. There is no distinct advantage of 8GB of RAM over 4 or 2, when its being used as a router.

[@prahe86]

Great video

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you @prahe86!

[@f.kyriakos1238]

Although, what was the speed on the ISP router before connecting through the raspberry pi? Just saying 'that was a good speed test' doesn't really give us an image.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching F. Kyriakos! That is a good point, since I didn't provide a baseline comparison over when using a different router, and not a Raspberry Pi. Since the raspberry pi is packed with a gigabit ethernet NIC, including the USB Ethernet adapter, along with a more performant ARM CPU than practically any consumer grade router, and 8 gbps of RAM, this should have no problem out competing any consumer grade router. However, I didn't really make it a point to test it's performance. With that information, I can tell you that from the external speed tests I have done when using a consumer grade router, and the raspberry pi, using the same modem, I achieved the same result. Thats because the modem I used in both tests is actually a cellular modem, and the cellular modem speed was the limiting factor between the two routers. Both the Raspberry Pi and a consumer grade router, like a Netgear R6080, achieved roughly 30-35 Mbps. In order to really test this, I'd have to do some internal network tests with larger upload and download files and see how they perform. I simply was saying it was a good speed test in that it matched the speed tests I saw when using a different router, and is a usable internet speed. I do appreciate the good question!

[@theexile4694]

1:45 - That is a 32 GB(Gigabyte) Micro SD card. 32 GB = Gigabytes not Gigabits. Gigabyte(GB). Gigabit(Gb). 8192 Megabits(Mb) = 8 Gigabits(Gb) = 1024 Megabytes(MB) = 1 Gigabyte (GB). 10 Megabits(Mb) = 1.25 Megabytes(MB) / 0.00125 Gigabytes(GB). 100 Megabits(Mb) = 12.5 Megabytes(MB) / 0.0125 Gigabytes(GB). 1000 Megabits(Mb) = 1 Gigabit(Gb).= 125 Megabytes (MB) / 0.125 Gigabytes(GB). 2:07 - You also don't want to use CAT5 Ethernet cable. You want CAT5e or preferably CAT6/7 cable. There is a very big difference between the two(CAT5 vs CAT5e). CAT5 = 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps(Megabits per second). CAT5e = 10 Mbps to 1000 Mbps(Megabits per second). 3:08 - You also don't want to download the ext4 image. You want the squashfs image, as the squashfs image is better for your MicroSD card and it's lifespan.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching The Exile! You mention great points overall. For the MicroSD storage size, yes, that was a slip of the tongue. I meant to say Gigabyte, and not Gigabit. Thanks for sharing that correction. Easy to slip up and say the wrong thing between Gigabyte, Gigabit, Gibibyte and Gibibit. I know the differences, but I've used them incorrectly accidentally at times. As for the ethernet cabling, yes I did omit the "e" when saying it, but in the video, I use a Cat5e cable. I'd certainly recommend Cat5e at the least, but definitely, and preferably Cat 6 and beyond. I actually use, and make my own, Cat6 cabling for my home and devices, as I am semi prepping to use 10G networking within my home, especially for when I eventually build a TrueNAS server, so I can have fast data transfer speeds. Whats holding me back is mostly my equipment, which all use 1G NICs, even the SFP ports are 1G rated, sadly. I like using Ubiquiti, but also don't want to pay an arm and a leg for devices with 10G NICs. So I'll see how that changes over time. At least 10G NICs alone have been pretty cost effective, like Mellanox cards. I might consider making my own network switch using OpenWrt and running 10GB NICs, that would be a fun project. As for the the image, I definitely agree there. With a read only, squashfs image, that will definitely extent the life of the SD card much better than a read write fs like ext4. I just used it in this video for demonstration purposes, as thats how I learned at first, especially for learning how to expand the file system out to use the rest of the available memory on an SD card. For my future builds I did after this video, I've been solely using squashfs, as with one of my more recent videos on building a custom OpenWrt image. Again, I do appreciate you sharing good practices for others to see, and hopefully use in their builds 😊

[@theexile4694]

@@DevOdyssey It was a great video. Don't sweat it man. Thanks for making it and thanks for posting it.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@theexile4694 You’re welcome! I don’t really expect to get every minor detail correct, but it’s viewers like you who pick up on small incorrect details, correct them, and offer additional guidance are what help make these videos better than great. So you have my sincere thanks for chiming in to make this video even better, especially for those who might be stuck in these sometimes overlooked details. I know often enough I’m one of those viewers, and I happen to find a comment that gets me unstuck.

[@kostasvan8280]

Very nice video! I have an issue, when i try to boot the OpenWrt, it stucks on "Attached SCSI removable disk. I tried different OpenWrt versions, also different sd cards, dongles and usb sticks. I currently have Raspberry pi 4 with 8gb of ram. What should i do? Thank you!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @kostasvan8280! That seems very strange, as I personally haven't encountered this. You're experiencing the same issue with all forms of storage and different version of OpenWrt. To me, you might have a hardware issue with your raspberry pi, as that seems like the common denominator among all your testing. Do you have other Raspberry Pis you can try this out on? Has this Raspberry Pi run any other OS on it? Do they experience similar issues? I did a search on the OpenWrt forum, and it looks like someone else encountered a similar error, albeit on different hardware. They seemed to attribute it to the router not getting enough power, which makes a good point I wouldn't have initially thought of. Are you sure your Raspberry Pi is getting enough power? Are you using an official RPi supported power supply? Might want to look into that as well if you are not, as that could be the issue.

[@MorrWorm8]

Can a PMW Fan be used with the RPI 4 running Openwrt?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @MorrWorm8! Looks like it’s possible according to this post in the OpenWrt forum, though they’re referring to the official RPI 4 fan. forum.openwrt.org/t/official-raspberry-pi-4-fan-yes-instructions-inside/93975

[@mcgmgc]

Thanks for the video. I'm thinking of buying a Pi 4 so I can use it for OpenWrt SQM to fix bufferbloat issues with my internet connection. In the comments I'm reading that the USB to Ethernet adapters degrade over time? I need this connection for gaming and sometimes streaming videos. Is there no other way to connect this without an adapter? I don't care about WiFi, just need it to filter my internet with SQM. No idea how any of this works.

[@DevOdyssey]

You're welcome, thanks for watching copium free! I appreciate you explaining your use case to me first, so I can better understand and recommend what I think is best for your situation. I've never heard of SQM but after doing a google search and reading OpenWrt documentation, its pretty cool and I had no idea OpenWrt had packages to alleviate issues like that! I'll have to look into trying that out sometime, so thanks for sharing that. With regards to the comments you read, while I haven't personally experienced that, or even found that much online about it, I do know it's possible, depending on the quality of the equipment you have. In this video, I bought a 20 dollar one from Amazon, so I can't be certain of how long it'll last over time, but I'm not certain about the quality of the build. Just to clarify though, using an internet connection over USB is fine and normal, as there are even different router boards that use a USB controller for passing through ethernet to the CPU. It does tend to get hotter for processing the packets, but nonetheless is a normal use case. What I don't know for certain is the actual quality of the adapter itself, which I believe is the determining factor for a the longevity and reliability of a Raspberry Pi router. So that all being said, I personally don't think it would be bad to use a USB adapter for ethernet. But it really depends on how you use your network. For more QoS type stuff, like your use cases with gaming, streaming, etc, there are more reliable set ups, but it doesn't mean that this setup would fail you right away if you went this route. This setup just looks a little ugly if you ask me. As for other ways to connect to this, hypothetically since Raspberry Pi's have PCIe capabilities, you could use an ethernet adapter to PCIe that would definitely be faster and more reliable, since it connects closer to the CPU than USB (doesn't use a USB controller). Problem is with a basic Raspberry Pi, you don't have this exposed on the standard board. So what I'd recommend is one of the following routers, that Jeff Geerling did a video on here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/rWjXln-MrM5nZpo Either of those should server your needs, and in his videos, he touches on the WiFi aspect of it (not that it matters for you), but more so he covers the performance of the routers. The DFRobot is the one I'd go with (in the video above its covered form 3:25 to 8:55, including OpenWrt setup and performance testing). I'm actually waiting for one of those in the mail so I can make a video on, to set up base version of OpenWrt. So I know this is a long comment with a bit of technical detail, but I wanted to provide my reasoning, and knowledge behind my answer to your question. I hope it makes sense!

[@mcgmgc]

@@DevOdyssey Appreciate the detailed answer. I went with a Pi 4 + TP-Link UE306 because this is all I can find here. The adapter is giving me full speeds currently on my 1Gbps connection, hopefully it stays the same with the Pi4 + SQM. SQM eats a lot if resources but the pi4 can handle it from what I have researched. Maybe in the future you could make a vid running SQM on the pi4? Showing speedtests and bufferbloat tests like dslreports site or whatever it was called. Bufferbloat is a huge problem these days, it's very ignored. I will follow your guide here for installing the pi4 when it arrives ;)

[@DevOdyssey]

@@mcgmgc Thats great! I think TP Link is a pretty good reputable brand, probably better than the USB Ethernet adapter I bought on Amazon. I haven't extensively tested it so I wouldn't know its reliability over a long period of time, but this was just to prove the concept. Good to hear its giving the full speeds and I'd hope the performance stays consistent with SQM as well. At worst, Pi's can always be repurposed and thats another great reason why I like them. I'm no SQM expert, but from what I've read about SQM on RPi 4, it should be able to handle it, and in addition, should be good for the ethernet adapter to help intelligently buffer the data going through the ethernet adapter and the CPU. I'd like to make a video about SQM on OpenWrt, as I've been hearing more about it from viewers and from my research. Sounds lie a great video topic that would be helpful for many people. Probably myself included as there are days when streaming tv shows seems slow, or the quality is bad, and likely bufferbloat is the problem (though I haven't exactly determined the problem, could be hardware too but it would require lots of testing to pin point it. Either way I don't see it hurting to try this out, once I learn more about it and feel comfortable making an informative video on it). Given that, I can really see this as a commonly ignored problem, that people just blame on their "ISP". I've already put this idea on my backlog to get to one day. I appreciate you sharing your experience and use case! Good luck with your set up once you get the pi4 and if you run into any trouble configuring it when following my video, feel free to reply with a comment 😊

[@mcgmgc]

@@DevOdyssey I would love to see you test OpenWRT SQM with the Pi 4. I think it would be a great video to have on your channel, as many people are being more and more aware of the bufferbloat issues these days. I think it will improve your issues with the streaming, especially if multiple people are using the connection at the same time. At least from what I've read everywhere. Have not tested it myself yet, but will soon. Appreciate the offer for helping with the Pi 4, I've ordered it and it should be here soon. I'll follow your guide to setting it up, hopefully it works out for me.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@mcgmgc Definitely, in that video I'd also like to include not only symptoms of bufferbloat (as we noted earlier with streaming log or slow network speeds), but also some type of quantitative results that specifically indicate bufferbloat (if possible). I still have to research and see if there is some sort of numbers that will show me bufferbloat, so we'll see if I can find it. Working from home and with the number of devices on my network, I would be surprised if I wasn't dealing with bufferbloat. For sure, you're welcome! I hope it works out as well, and once you've tested SQM, I'd be interested in knowing how it works out for you 😊

[@Carlos-USA-BS]

Finally, I found a tutorial on how to install OpenWrt on the Pi5 and expand the SD card. Thank you very much for the great video😃

[@DevOdyssey]

You're welcome @caumcs! Happy you watched and that it helped you out. There are definitely other ways that are easier, but this is what I knew at the time. Feel free to explore the comments and see what other ways I've suggested.

[@Carlos-USA-BS]

@@DevOdyssey I've been using OpenWrt on the RPi5 for about 5 months, but I hadn't been able to expand the SD card partition. Every method I tried would revert to default settings whenever I restarted the RPi, but with your method, it finally worked! Now I can install lots of things on it hahaha.

[@Carlos-USA-BS]

@@DevOdyssey Do you know if there is a way to update the RPi version without overwriting the data and preserving installed packages? Or every time I update, will it be necessary to customize the update file before downloading it?

[@DevOdyssey]

@@Carlos-USA-BS Well I'm glad my method worked out of them all! In practice, its just about editing the image file so that you can define the size of the partition (particularly on squashfs), such that it expands to the full size. So whatever way you can do that, it will work. My method takes a bit more effort, but in the end, works. As for your second question, yes, you can generate a config file in the update section of your instance to save your configuration. This, if my memory is correct, is only for configuration, and not for installed packages. I believe you can get an output of the installed packages, and then you can use that when generating a custom build, as the packages you want in your instance. firmware-selector.openwrt.org/?version=SNAPSHOT&target=bcm27xx%2Fbcm2712&id=rpi-5 Here, you can download the latest snapshot, tell it what packages you want, and then even have a startup script run for configuration, though thats not as easy as copy and pasting the config. I've used this many times to get a custom image I wanted. I will say for my uci-defaults script, make sure you have a final line item to delete the script. Technically its supposed to automatically, such that a reboot doesn't re run it, but I found that it remained, and every rebooted it kept my default config. Took me a while to figure that out. Even then, make sure after your first boot its not there anymore, even if you have a command to delete the script. It might not always work, so its good to check so you don't end up bombing out your custom config each and every time.

[@Carlos-USA-BS]

Thank you so much for the quick response. I will try this.😊

[@CristianHeredia0]

Great video! Would attaching an 8 port managed switch kill the raspberry pi overtime? Just wondering after reading your comments about usb overheating. The clear fog at $170 doesn’t make sense when you can buy an old dell micro pc for about the same price

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you Christian and thanks for watching! So without testing it myself, I don't have an exact answer, but this really comes down to the quality of the USB ethernet NIC. The internal NIC should be fine, but if you are using a bad quality USB NIC, that would likely degrade over time. When it would stop working will depend on the network load of the USB NIC too, which in a home network setup would be constant. Sadly, I don't know what are the best quality USB ethernet NICs / adapters are so I can't specifically recommend one over another, but they can last for awhile. On the ClearFog part, that does make sense, as you can get some parts cheaper. At that point it really depends on what you specifically want. The ClearFog board has more ethernet ports and comes in a smaller form factor with less power consumption, but doesn't have the upgradeability or repairability pc. If you don't need as many ethernet ports, then the dell micro pc might be a better fit, when you can insert your own PCIe cards for ethernet ports and a WiFi module. So it just really depends on your scenario / use case, and if the prices are worth it.

[@HermanNgSAC]

I couldn't see the sdb came out after I ran the command lsblk, I could only see sda and mmcblk0, what should I do then? I use Raspberry Pi4 with Ubuntu mate 22.04.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @hermanng18! mmcblk0 refers to your eMMC flash storage. Are you plugging in your SD card into the Raspberry Pi running Ubuntu mate? If so, are you using this Raspberry Pi 4 for your router board? And if so, is it a compute module 4? If this is the case, then you'll need to flash the eMMC as the SD card won't be read on your carrier board. Otherwise, the sda should be your attached storage then. In my case, sda was the internal storage because thats the way my drive was set up in my Ubuntu virtual machine, and not as a different device, such as nvme, let alone, I don't think eMMC is possible to virtualize. You should be able to move forward with the sda device, and it should be pretty apparent that its your SD card. If you remove the SD card / attached storage, and it goes away when you run lsblk, you then have your answer.

[@allenperera6158]

need a bit of help. I have two LANs. One is newly created at eth4 port. That eth4 port cannot get ipv6 to the hosts but the default eth1 to eth3 ports can.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for your viewership Allen! I’ll try my best to help. Can you share some more information on this eth4 port? As in, are you using a Raspberry Pi with usb adapters or some other board? In the interface settings, there should be config you can follow to enable IPv6, should be as simple as a check box, with additional fields for specifying address information. When you say it “cannot get ipv6 to the hosts” what do you mean? Do you mean it it cannot get an address, or that it cannot communicate? I’d imagine you’d replicate ipv6 settings from eth1 or eth3 onto eth4 to get it working. So if those settings are mostly the same, then your issue could be a hardware own. However without more knowledge, I can’t offer more guidance. Also, I’m not that knowledgeable in implementing ipv6, so I might not be able to help you all the way, but I’ll offer what guidance I can.

[@allenperera6158]

@@DevOdyssey Thanks whatever help you can give me. Try replicate the settings in Van Tech Corner's video titled : OpenWRT - Setup Guest LAN. At around the 3 min mark , you will notice there's no IPv6 at the GUEST interface but the original LAN, there is IPv6. I'm facing the same issue.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@allenperera6158 Thanks for sharing that with me Allen. So to me, it looks like the Guest LAN and Guest wlan interfaces he created simply have IPv6 disabled on it. On the LAN interface, which is a different and separate interface, I'd imagine that IPv6 is enabled. It's not really an issue and more so you would just need to enable IPv6. In particular the IPv6 Assignment Length setting at 3 minutes and 21 seconds in his video is set to disabled.I imagine that the problem you are seeing, but without knowing your configuration I can't be sure. So give that a shot. Is there a specific need you have for IPv6?

[@allenperera6158]

@@DevOdyssey Hi Dev, I've tried enablling that and setting 60 like the other interface. What happens is the IPv6 appear (switched over) on the GUEST LAN instead but disabled on the LAN interface. My specific need is just to future proof the router.

[@DevOdyssey]

​@@allenperera6158 Thanks for sharing! That setting should create your IPv6 network, that being a CIDR of 60 (you could also do 64, as that was a default setting for me). Future proofing makes sense too, there are benefits to IPv6 networking over IPv4 as well that are worth exploring. Whats strange is how the GUEST LAN was enabled, but then the LAN interface disabled IPv6. I am not really quite sure what to say about that as that shouldn't happen, doesn't really make sense to me. For me, and testing on a Raspberry Pi running OpenWrt 21.02, all I had to do was the following: When creating my VLAN (802.1q) device, enable IPv6 (check it off). Then when creating the interface, set IPv6 assignment length. For me I had it set to 64, but it shouldn't matter, 60 should work too. With those settings, and leaving the other as default, it worked just fine for me. If you want it to hand out IPv6 addresses too, be sure to set up a IPv6 DHCP server.

[@jithinsankar787]

Ok i have a doubt..if i set sqm qos in this and if i connect a router to it as access point...will the sqm qos still work.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching jithin! I don't have much experience with SQM and with that said, I'm not sure if I'll have an answer for you. To my understanding, if this Raspberry Pi is acting as your router, which also will be acting as your network switch, it should do the packet switching, and hence SQM would apply here. I believe most people would experience on the WAN link, as thats interface likely to be saturated with most devices reaching out to the internet. This is where you use SQM in a typical home network. This isn't to say it would apply internally as well, you're just likely to have excessive traffic through the WAN interface than any other.

[@MikeJordanUnCamplicated]

I want to build a travel router. I am trying to decide if this is what I am looking for. There are no "after" pictures or vids. Does this have to be ethernet connected or is it all wifi? If wifi, what antennas?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Mike! So for this setup, it was focused on making a Raspberry Pi a home router, and as a result, isn't meant to really be a mobile travel router. This router does rely on a ethernet connection for the WAN interface and internet connection. This router is capable of using ethernet connection, and WiFi for access to the local network, but the WiFi is not for the WAN interface. The antennas thats being used is the built in antenna into the Raspberry Pi board. That is not the most optimal for WiFi coverage, but for purposes of travel router, that should be fine as you'd likely be close to the Pi anyway. I do have an idea for a video to create the ultimate travel router / hotspot using a Raspberry Pi, WiFi, and cellular connection, but I still have to test that all out. In the mean time, I'd refer you to NetworkChuck's recent video, where he made a travel router out of a Raspberry Pi, using 2 WiFi antennas (built in one, and a USB WiFi dongle), one for WAN connection to public WiFi the other for LAN connection for a on the go local network. kzbin.info/www/bejne/oJ2riKGBi9Wsndk&ab_channel=NetworkChuck Hopefully this video helps you build your travel router!

[@MikeJordanUnCamplicated]

@@DevOdyssey I found Network Chuck. Looking for a few other ideas. I usually take some from here and there to make my own. I would love to see your take on a travel router. The optimal terminology is "see" 😁 Make sure to show us what you spent the whole video building

[@DevOdyssey]

@@MikeJordanUnCamplicated Well I do thank you for watching my video for inspiration to get other ideas. Thats effectively how I've done many of my projects, I take ideas from everywhere and combine them to fit my use cases as best as possible. Glad to hear that! I'm currently in the process of doing hardware research to make sure I can find what I need. Basically my idea is around a using a Raspberry Pi CM4 (with WiFi) with a carrier board that can take a cell modem, 2 Ethernet interfaces (one for WAN, and one for LAN, or both for LAN), and USB interfaces so I can add a WiFi adapter for bridging to public WiFi (so that the other WiFi device could be for connecting to the local network). Lastly, I'm hoping (but not necessary) it can run off a battery, for complete portability). So we'll see how that research goes. I'm close to finding the hardware, and then its getting all the software / firmware to play nice. I do appreciate that candid feedback and hear you loud and clear. It's viewers like yourself that help me increase the production value of my videos. This is actually the first video where I used an overheard camera (actually a phone camera) to record the hardware setup while working with the software. A viewer on another video asked (recommended) that I do that, so I took that feedback and tried it out in this video, and I'm happy with the way it turned out. Granted I didn't show the complete set up after I was done, but there were some tidbits while I was putting everything together, almost the full picture 😊. So nonetheless, all constructive feedback is appreciated. My thanks again for your interest, advice, and watching the video.

[@tony001212]

I am interested but I don't have a RB pi 4 B nor money to buy one, Can I do it on RB pi 3B I have ? Please answer me.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Tony! Glad you're interested. Whats good for you though is you don't need a Raspberry Pi 4B, an RPi 3B should be able to work. It should performed decently well. You can order the same USB network adapter as well. All you will need to do differently is to make sure you download the correct OpenWrt image for RPi 3B. Since its a different CPU, it'll be a different image. The cellular config might also be a little different, but I'm not sure. Give it a shot and let me know if you get it working!

[@tony001212]

​@@DevOdyssey thanks for answering bro, I am going to try it , I don't know if it is because of the pandemic or what but raspberry passed from being pretty cheap an affordable to be a very expensive mini computer, some years ago in cost about 50 bucks, now it cost thrice that price. by the way, the usb network adapter is mandatory ?

[@DevOdyssey]

@@tony001212 You're welcome! Yea they have definitely gone up in demand and price, thanks to the pandemic, also causing supply chain issues. It's a mess. It's still decently affordable, at 45 dollars for the 2 GB model (or 30 dollars for the 1 GB model), but when you start needing more RAM, it certainly gets a bit more expensive. So still affordable in my opinion, just a little more costly. There are other ARM based Single Board Computers (SBCs) that have come out to compete with the Pi, so I find that to be healthy competition, and some of those are a little cheaper. I'd eventually like to try out those boards, for example the Orange Pi, Banana Pi, etc. Now for the network adapter. Technically no, it's not required. However, if you want 2 Ethernet Ports (one for WAN, another for LAN), then its necessary. You can use the on board ethernet port for WAN, and then use the WiFi for "wireless LAN", but the WiFi chip isn't that great for use with multiple WiFi devices or longer distances, or even going through walls. That being said, I'd recommend getting it just to have it, but its not necessary. There are other configurations you can set up as well, such as WWAN (Wireless WAN), but I won't get into that for now.

[@tony001212]

@@DevOdyssey thanks again for answering bro, you rock, but where are they available at those prices ? definitely not on amazon, on amazon it cost about 150 bucks the 2 gb version and almost 300 bucks the 4 gb version, if you're so kind to provide the links I'd appreciate it. By the way, I have a usb adapter D-link, how can I use it to broadcast with open wrt? There is some application on on open wrt to use it like you did with the usb adapter ?

[@DevOdyssey]

@@tony001212 thank you! 😊 Yea, Amazon is definitely way too expensive. Even eBay too. All these scalpers try to scoop up Raspberry Pis and resell them for much more. Definitely not the way to get one unless you’re in dire need of one and willing to pay the price. As for where I get mine, you can follow @rpilocator on Twitter, or watch their website rpilocator.com where you’ll see when raspberry pi’s are in stock from reputable resellers that don’t price gouge and follow the suggested retail price of raspberry pi’s. On Twitter, you’ll get a notification when the website gets new stock (for example, adafruit.com) so I highly suggest using them via Twitter to be notified of new stock, because they sell out very quickly. As for the D Link adapter, is it a wireless USB adapter? To be honest I’m not exactly sure what packages you need to use that wifi adapter, but they may have a package. If you can share the model of the D link usb wifi adapter, I can see if there’s an associated package for it by looking on OpenWrt’s wikis and forums. Hope you’re able to get a cheap raspberry pi! Be sure to make accounts with the resellers so the checkout process is quicker.

[@ANIRUDHMURALEEDHARAN]

Hello Dev , is there any raspberry module with GPON interface. , is it possible to build a Modem/ router with the GPON interface .? Please guide me i wanted make one and see. Thank you

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Anirudh! Thats a great question. I wasn't too familiar with this interface until I did some googling to see its for fiber, and then I remembered what it was for. Looking around, I didnt see any GPON modules that you can add to a Raspberry Pi to take in fiber natively. However, I did see that there are GPON to RJ45 converters, which you can then plugin in the ethernet cord from the converter, to the Raspberry Pi. This is likely your best option, until or if someone creates a GPON module for Raspberry Pi, if possible. I don't want to link to anything specific, since I have no experience with this, but if you do a search for it, you should find a few options that may work for you.

[@ANIRUDHMURALEEDHARAN]

@@DevOdyssey Thank you , i am still looking :)

[@DevOdyssey]

@@ANIRUDHMURALEEDHARAN Best of luck and feel free to share what you find! Could be helpful for others in your situation 😊

[@dhenzrogerhernandez]

hi im using RPi 2B,,i can access ssh,putty,i can ping the address..my problem is i cant access LUCI on browser,,i hope you can help me thanks

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @dhenzrogerhernandez! Sounds like your install went well if you can ping and ssh into it. But since you are on a Raspberry Pi 2, I have a feeling that LuCi is not included in your image. What version of OpenWrt are you running and is this your first time installing it? firmware-selector.openwrt.org/?version=23.05.3&target=bcm27xx%2Fbcm2710&id=rpi-3 The latest version does have luci in the base build, I'm not sure if older versions do. Lastly make sure you are accessing it over http first (if this is a first install), as https might not be on by default, and would then have to turn it on after you log in.

[@dhenzrogerhernandez]

😊

[@paulmaydaynight9925]

great, now how do we run pihole on that at the same time

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching paul! Sadly, that's not possible, as you can't run Pihole and OpenWrt at the same time on the same hardware. You could run them separately, on different Raspberry Pi's, just not at the same time. However, you could install the AdGuard package for OpenWrt which functions similarly to PiHole. www.reddit.com/r/openwrt/comments/jwm3fq/pihole_in_an_openwrt_installation/ You aren't the first to have the same question 😊

[@old_surfer]

This is a very good explanation. Just be sure your wifi password is 8 characters or longer. Otherwise, it doesn't work.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Gary and for the suggestion! Definitely a good recommendation, as for password security we'd certainly want ones longer than 8 characters. I actually didn't know that was a requirement as usually my passwords are longer than that, even my test passwords. I appreciate you sharing for everyone else to see.

[@buildfrom]

Very thorough tutorial. Subscribed.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching, subscribing and the compliment Buildfromscratch 😊

[@mhamd2020]

You are awesome, talented, and great video. I've duplicated your tutorial. Quick feedback: I've would you either slow-down or pause when you finish typing the commands. Even when I tired to go back, it's difficult to stop at the right moment to copy the command you've been typing.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @mhamd2020! The compliment means a lot and happy you were able to follow along. Additionally, I appreciate your candor. Thats definitely an area I've seen for improvement as I've made more videos, and I like your suggestions. I've tried to leave the commands / process in my video descriptions, but even then a 2-3 second pause can make it easier for someone to follow along, or simply not speeding up the video so much in editing. I'll be trying it out in new videos and will see how it goes. Should make it easier for editing too.

[@tubeDude48]

Why can't you do the first steps of resizing in the Pi itself? What's the drawback?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @tubeDude48! If I recall correctly, it's because you can't mount and resize the drive while its in use by the OS. Particularly, I used a squashfs image of OpenWrt, which is a read only image. So when you boot into your system, its booting from an overlay. Since that is read only, you can't actually edit it and resize the image. The base image of squashfs version has a preset size that when you boot into it, it will inflate to that set size. That's just a preset because of low storage sizes of routers, and very much expected. Also read only is better for these systems that don't really have the best flash storage, as the more writes to flash, the faster it degrades. Anyway, beyond that, this preset cannot be changed while you're booted into it, for reasons noted above. You need to do this outside of the booted system, as I've shown in the video, or in my building OpenWrt video, where you can create your own image, and give it a storage size that you know will be in your deployed hardware. You can see that video below. kzbin.info/www/bejne/o2rYiIBshrqhpq8

[@mrusli7673]

I follow your methods but however it does not fully working on my raspberry pi 4. It does not connect to internet. It cannot do a opkg update. I wonder what went wrong. So, dhcp is not working at all. Oh by the way i am using tge latest version from openwrt.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching M Rusli! I'm sorry to hear it's not working. I'm not sure why you aren't connecting to the internet. I'd first make sure you are plugging in your ethernet cable into the right port on the Raspberry Pi. It should be the WAN port, which in this video, is the USB adapter we added. As for DHCP, the WAN port should be acting as a DHCP client, and should receive an IP address assignment from your ISP. If that is not working, there might be issues with your ISP. To troubleshoot this, you can test it out with a different router, to make sure it's receiving a public IP address from your ISP. Otherwise, there isn't much else you can do until you ensure you are getting a public IP address from your ISP. Then from there, you should have internet and should be able to communicate out, and run commands like opkg update successfully.

[@kiu8179]

How many Ethernet ports? Does it work as Access Point?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Kiu! This has two ethernet ports, the built in 1 GB ethernet port, and the 1 GB USB 3.0 ethernet port. You can also add more ethernet ports with USB adapters as well. The better option is to use a different PCB that has more ethernet NICs and expansion for cellular or WiFi, like M.2 slots. You can refer to the boards I linked in the description, like the Banana Pi Board or Clearfog that have more than 2 ports built in. www.banana-pi.org/bananapi-router/ shop.solid-run.com/product/SRM6828S00D01GE000P02CH/ Yes it does work as an access point since the Raspberry Pi 4 has WiFi on it. However, it won't have the best range due to the lack of a decent sized antenna, and not being able to change it either. Nonetheless it will work distances, just not very far.

[@kerbsidemotors9249]

Wanted a raspberry pi compute module and sold out. Now have a pfsene industrial computer setup-far superior over ddwrt which I prefer over openwrt.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching kerbside motors! I'm sorry to hear that! I have one, and I am still playing around with it, and bought it from seeed studio. If you go on their website, you might be able to get one, but I'm not sure whats left. Many websites have been low on supply. I have not used pfsense, but I do run OPNSense. I do like BSD based firewalls, but they fall short in how much driver support linux has for wireless drives (including cellular LTE). I learned firewalling on BSDs first before linux, and still prefer it, but I really enjoy OpenWrt for how lightweight it is and how many devices support it. As far as I know, ARM support for pfsense is still getting there and same with OPNSense. I know FreeBSD runs on ARM now (Raspberry Pi), but the firewall OSes are still working that support in. I've found DDWRT to be a bit buggy for me, and the OpenWrt community seems to have a lot more support. I appreciate you sharing your thoughts with me! As I grow this channel, I want to get into OPNSense / PFSense videos, as I've accumulated a lot of experience there and really learned most of my networking knowledge on that platform. They're similar enough where instructions from one apply to the other. Your setup should work stable and well for a very long time.

[@Maher-h]

is there other way to resize SD card without useing ubuntu

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @Maher-h! Yes there are a couple of different ways that you can do it on a live instance. These guides below have been helpful for me. forum.openwrt.org/t/howto-resizing-root-partition-on-x86-march-2023-edition/153398 forum.openwrt.org/t/resize-partition-fails/147052 forum.openwrt.org/t/expanding-openwrt-squashfs-image-sdcard/107711 This will vary depending on what file a system you are using (ext4 or squashfs). You proably still need to use a separate machine (doesn’t have to be Ubuntu) to expand a squashfs system but for ext4 you can do it while it’s running, as I had recently done this. I haven’t tried expanding squashfs while it’s running but I don’t think you can simply because of how it’s a read only file system.

[@ArunG273]

Can it handle 500mbps wan connection?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Arun! Yup, it should be able to. Since the built in Ethernet port is gigabit, and so is the usb Ethernet port, they should be able to handle that speed. I’d use the built in Ethernet port for your WAN connection. You might not exactly get that, depending on what your ISP actually delivers, and what you use for testing, but it definitely can handle that speed.

[@dnx191]

Thanks for the video! Everything is explaned in a very clear way! Just a question: I have no router, so i just want to replace the step where you connect to the router into connecting the raspberry to a wifi network and use it as a WAN interface. How can I do this?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Denis! I really appreciate the compliment. In your scenario, there are multiple ways you can get around this. Effectively, the router in this scenario is for internet access, which in turn gets you the updates and packages you need to set up the rpi router. One thing you can do is build your own OpenWrt image. I highly recommend this for more advanced users, as you can really customize your router before you even deploy the image. Another thing you can do is do internet sharing from your laptop to the Pi. You can plug in an ethernet cable from your laptop to your raspberry Pi, and share the internet. Basically your laptop acts as a router and assigns an IP address to the Pi. There would be a tad more work to do here to then access the Pi, but its possible. Lastly, probably the easiest way is to use the wireless on the Pi, and set it up as a Client (as opposed to an Access Point). Then you can connect to an existing WiFi network (say one you've stood up from your cell phone), and then get internet access that way. So there are plenty of creative ways to get around not having a router to begin with.

[@dnx191]

@@DevOdyssey Thanks for the reply. The last scenario you described is the one I was thinking about. I was wondering if is possible to create and set a wpa_supplicant.conf file into the boot partition of the openwrt SD card, same as I use to do with Raspian OS. Unfortunately I have found no tutorial to do this online, so I think that is not possibile. Do you have any suggestions?

[@DevOdyssey]

@@dnx191 For sure! Great question. I’d agree with the last scenario as one of the easiest. To my knowledge I don’t believe you can do it using the wpa_supplicant way, though I believe openwrt does use hostapd in the background. Anyway there is a way to accomplish this in the same regard. But it’ll take some work. I’ll show you how you can do it. By default you should have network access to the Pi over Ethernet. If you can plug in, you’ll get an an IP address from OpenWrt, and access it via LuCI or SSH, but first I’d do it over LuCI. Once you’re in, you can go to the network settings, and then wireless. Once there, click that "scan" button next to radio0 interface (first cell under Wireless Overview). Then when scanning, you'll eventually get a list of Wireless networks near you. Then to the right, click Join Network for the one you want to join. In the pop up window, leave the network name as wwan, put in the WPA passphrase / password for the WiFi, leave the firewall zone as wan, and then click Submit, and then Save and Apply. This should then get you wireless internet access for your Pi to download more packages. Now if you want to do this via config files without the GUI (by using SSH or serial connection), you can refer to the config edits below. 1. Edit /etc/config/network to have the following (at the bottom) config interface 'wwan' option proto 'dhcp' 2. Edit the /etc/config/dhcp to have the following (at the bottom) config dhcp 'wan' option interface 'wan' option ignore '1' 3. Edit the /etc/config/wireless to have the following (at the bottom), assuming the WiFi you are connecting to is using WPA2 config wifi-iface 'wifinet1' option device 'radio0' option mode 'sta' option network 'wwan' option ssid 'YOUR-WIFI NAME' option encryption 'psk2' option key 'YOUR WIFI PASSWORD' Then reboot, and that should do it. Now you can do this via uci commands, but I usually edit the files directly, though that can be a bit more dangerous as uci commits help to make sure you aren't submitting conflicting configurations.

[@dnx191]

@@DevOdyssey great! Thanks for your assistance!! I can't wait to try it and update you with successful results!

[@DevOdyssey]

@@dnx191 You're welcome! I look forward to hearing about your experience and success! 😊

[@HEMANTKUMAR-hi7th]

thanks man, I can't express my gratitude to you, you have made, the things, even chatGPT unable to, and even openwrt forums.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching HEMANTKUMAR and thanks for your gratitude. I genuinely appreciate it, and am glad I was able to help you where other information could not 😊

[@MASKDANTE]

how configure proxy cliente in openwrt

[@DevOdyssey]

While this video doesn't cover proxy configuration, the video below gives you a example of how to configure a SOCKS5 proxy in OpenWrt. kzbin.info/www/bejne/qpvMfqyrgdeYoKM

[@megastarling]

Thanks for the interesting and useful video. The pings you got, however, seems too big. I wonder if the link to provider is the cause or the solution itself (e.g. using USB).

[@DevOdyssey]

You're welcome! Thanks for watching TomZao! In regards to the pings, are you talking about the speed test at the end of the video? (16:05). And if so, do you mean the ping time? For these videos, or any other videos, I have 4G modem I use for my internet connection, and then I connect a router to it, over Verizon's network. So not sure if that has to do with what you see (as opposed to using Cable "wired" network), but I'm curious to know more of what you're referring to.

[@megastarling]

@@DevOdyssey yes, I meant Speedtest ping results but you have already cleared my doubts :-)

[@DevOdyssey]

@@megastarling Happy to clear any doubts you had 😊

[@michaelcooper5490]

Hello Orest, I hope you don't mind, I put a link from my website to this video for a single Nic RPi4b setup. Thank you for your hard work sir.

[@DevOdyssey]

Hi Michael, Not at all. Thank you for sharing a link to this video on your website. I appreciate you sharing it with your audience. It's hard work but it makes me happy to see people benefit from what I create, and so it makes it all worth it.

[@hazensmedia]

Is wifi 2.4 ghz on?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Hazens! In this set up, 2.4 GHz WiFi would not be on, only 5 GHz as noted at 15:21. If you want to use 2.4 GHz, you would change hwmode value from 11a to 11g. You can refer to OpenWrt's documentation for more info here. openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/basic

[@ashiostories6821]

raspberry pi 4b bounding router ???

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Ashio! I'm not sure what you mean by "bounding" router. if you mean bonding router, then it hypothetically is possible to bond / link aggregate multiple interfaces together, to improve the throughput, but not through a WAN interface, as those have different IP address from different ISPs. Bonding is done more on the LAN side for failover and increased throughput for a single device connected over those two interfaces. Now I did google bonding router, to find that there is such a thing, but its kind of a misnomer. For OpenWrt you can use MultiPath TCP (MPTCP), which you can find more information here: www.openmptcprouter.com/ It basically does what a "bonding router" would accomplish. Unless there is something I am not knowledgeable about, I don't think you can technically do any "WAN bonding" in OpenWrt.

[@MrStarTraveler]

I have a burning question to ask y'all! If I plug 4 USB Wi-Fi adapters to a the 4 ports of a USB hub and then plug that hub into the raspberry pi 4 with OpenWRT on it, can I configure OpenWRT so that those 4 wi-fi adapters to act like a single 4 antennae wi-fi card? For the life of me I can't find a USB Wi Fi adapter with four antennae.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching! The short answer to your question would be no. That's because each USB WiFi adapter has its own WiFi card / chip. That said the antennas on those WiFi dongles would only work for the WiFi chip that it's attached to. In OpenWrt, it would look like 4 different WiFi interfaces. There are some Alfa Network USB WiFi adapters that have 4 antennas that should work with OpenWrt. I can't say this one does linked below, but it does seem to have the correct driver. www.amazon.com/dp/B01MZD7Z76 I would first double check in OpenWrt table of hardware, but I believe this driver is the one you'd need for it - kmod-rtl8xxxu if this one doesn't work (I can't say as I haven't tested it myself), there are other Alfa network adapters that have 4 antennas and should work with OpenWrt.

[@MrStarTraveler]

@@DevOdyssey Oh thank you! That's a huge help! I'll check it out.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@MrStarTraveler You're welcome! Best of luck.

[@karlimmer83]

I really appreciate the detailed description of the commands.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you Karl! I try to make sure that anyone watching at least has somewhat of an understanding of what the commands do. At least if it were me, I'd be curious to understand what the commands mean and accomplish for the set up. Better to know than not to know 😊

[@cl4998]

USB Ethernet chips are not meant to be used 24/7 unlike a carrier board or pcie nic. If you do some research you will see a lot of cases of USB Ethernet adapters either dying or the connection becomes unstable over a short period of time. A purpose built x86 device with a pcie nic is a far better solution than a pi 4/pi 3 with a USB adapter. With that said, besides the pi being slightly cheaper it is unsuitable in every way compared to an x86 device.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching C I! While I can't speak to personal experience using a USB Ethernet adapter indefinitely, I would agree and think that many USB Ethernet chips are not meant for extended use, likely due to the build quality of most USB Ethernet chips not being superb. Since most applications lie around a laptop, desktop etc using it for for USB, I don't think many are designed for extensive routing. Theoretically I don't believe it poses problems, but in practicality it does. I did do some research and was able to find instances of USB Ethernet adapters failing, some after a few uses. There is an overhead with using USB Ethernet adapters, converting data from USB and Ethernet protocols back and forth, which can cause these devices to get hot, and in addition, result in reduced performance. While average use might not show it, heavier use would surely bring it out, especially from thermal images I've seen on a USB controller with ethernet. Personally, I don't think a USB Ethernet adapter is a very elegant solution, I'd rather not use dongles, and prefer direct to motherboard connections, or PCIe that aren't interfacing with a USB controller, for sake of data transfer performance, and use over time. As a proof of concept, I think this does an okay job, and depending on your network needs, can suffice (say deploying a network on the go). x86 architecture purpose built firewall surely is a superior solution, one that I actually use in my home network as well (I'm a fan of BSDs). For those with more extensive network needs, I'd say thats a better solutions with lots of power behind it. But most routers don't need to be so powerful, unless you're building enterprise grade "Next Gen Firewalls". I do believe ARM is catching up, and becoming more powerful while sipping less power than x86 counterparts, but in terms of power I'd say it's not there yet. Given that, I did hint at other boards use to use at the end of the video that are an improvement to RPi. While most were ARM based SBC, with more ethernet ports and mini PCIe adapters, I did mention the SEEED Odyssey which I think is a great SBC to use, especially for BSD based firewalls, and would have better performance over ARM CPUs. Though at the end of it, it comes to how much power someone needs, and depends on purpose / deployment of their network as well. Nonetheless I do appreciate your input, and I'd like to try using some x86 SBCs with OpenWrt or BSDs and compare their performance.

[@dimitriv.3835]

Alternatively, you can just use a switch hub

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for the feedback Dimitriv! That’s certainly true for expanding physical access to your local network. But in a situation where you want a WAN port, and you only have one Ethernet port, an adapter is necessary so you can at least have one WAN and one LAN port. Such is the case with Raspberry Pi’s since they only have one Ethernet port. It’s not the best in terms of physical networking options, but it’s capable with a few modifications. I’d definitely recommend a hub or a switch for this scenario since most people have more than one device they want to hardline into their local network. The other port (from the adapter or native port) not used for the LAN would have to be your WAN. The hub / switch does not solve the issue of having one port since those ports add additional access to an existing network, and can’t be used to create other networks. Now I’ve heard of one port routers or router on a stick, which seems to only need one port, where traffic would be carried over VLANs, but this isn’t something I’ve tried out myself, but would like to at some point. It seems in theory, it’s possible to get away with one port, though I’m not quite sure on its implementation. wikipedia.org/wiki/Router_on_a_stick

[@joshfixall7938]

Nobody seems to have given your additional comments any 'likes' but I can certainly say your interactiveness in the comments is appreciated by many hiding behind the scenes !

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching and lurking in the comments@@joshfixall7938 ! I sincerely appreciate your sticking around to read what I've written, but also for the credit and recognition. Most people do not return to comment back, like or acknowledge a response, you and I both know thats just how people work on social platforms. Rather, I comment knowing likely someone else will have a similar question, so I can answer it for someone who is a comment lurker, like yourself, and frankly, like myself, just as you noted. When I watch videos on read forums, I will usually only comment to offer my thoughts, or ask a question, only if it hasn't been answered. Generally I try to find the information if its available somewhere. Also I interact because I truly appreciate my audience, and want you to all know I'm here and listening. I want to help you all be successful in their own endeavors, as it relates to what I create in my videos. Anyway, thanks for sharing your kind thoughts, it really means a lot to hear that, and helps me to continue doing what I do.

[@MrStarTraveler]

But why would you flash an image to a micro sd card and then delete its main partition? there are easier ways to resize a partition without destroying the data on it...

[@DevOdyssey]

In this case, deleting the partition isn't actually destroying the data. Otherwise, when OpenWrt wouldn't have worked when plugging in the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi. This process just deletes the partition entry in the MBR table. We create a new partition to use up all the space, and use the reisize2fs command to finish the resizing file system. It's effectively expanding the partition, but you can use parted or gparted as well to accomplish the same thing.

[@MrStarTraveler]

@@DevOdyssey Oh, yes. I forgot that data is only destroyed by formatting the new partition. The deletion and creation of the partition doesn't touch the data. The data will reappear as long as the new partition begins at the same offset. Thanks for the clarification.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@MrStarTraveler Yup thats correct, well put. In addition, formatting doesn't exactly delete the data either (a basic format). It will only mark the data as "overwritable". To actually delete the data, you'd have to overwrite the partitions / disk with zeros. The more passes of zeros overwritten, the less likely the data is recoverable, though generally speaking, one pass of zeros should be enough.

[@guillaumedoudou5417]

i have this error when i want install kmod-usb-net-asix-ax88179 * pkg_run_script: package "kmod-usb-net" postinst script returned status 255. * opkg_configure: kmod-usb-net.postinst returned 255. i don't find solution. Someone have a solution?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Guillaume! Thats a strange issue I have not seen before. Doing a search in forum.openwrt.org, I did see some references to that error, but not specifically to that package. I would suggest getting more error output, if possible, and sharing your current configuration on OpenWrt's forum, as more information would likely be helpful there. The error I saw indicated that package was frozen, but I have a difficult time believing that, nor could I actually confirm that.

[@chintanvaghela8634]

Why create the partition?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @chintanvaghela8634! The partitioning process is meant to expand the usable storage. By default, when using squashfs, the whole file system is not available for installing additional packages, logging, etc. So by doing this, we can use more / all of the available space on the SD card. Squashfs is generally a better file system to use for embedded devices, as its a read only file system, so for SD cards this filesystem works well to improve the longevity of the SD card. Let alone, with squashfs, you can do resets easily, as you would with a typical router, as opposed to using ext4, which you cannot reset it the same way (by clicking reset or pushing the reset button) Now you can avoid this partitioning process by using ext4 file system, which will have a partition for the rest of the memory available, but this isnt a read only file system, so it will impact the lifespan of the SD card.

[@tonyruiz8729]

woow man your videos are awesome!!! could you make a video on how to build 4g proxy on a blackberry pi??? thanks!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Tony! Glad you enjoyed the video 😊 First, I assume you mean raspberry pi and not blackberry pi, as I'm not aware of any SBC called a blackberry pi. I actually made a video on building a 3G OpenWrt router on a Raspberry Pi you can see here: kzbin.info/www/bejne/raDHiHRqdq2Je9k I'm working on a 4G version, so I hope to have that out sometime in the future. It's somewhat backlogged now but I plan to get to it, as I think it would be a really cool project, especially being much faster than 3G. Anyway, for the proxy part, I'm not sure exactly what you mean by that. If you want it to act as a proxy, you can no problem. So long as it's connected to the internet (4G) in this case, you can run tunnel / proxy your traffic through it a number of different ways. Though, depending on your cellular provider, you might not actually get a public IP address where you can host externally available services. You're more likely to get a CGNAT IP (Carrier Grade NAT), and as a result, your public IP isn't externally exposed on the internet (this happens for my 4G modem I purchased and run won my cellular carrier). In this scenario, this is where you'd have to create a VPN where the connection is initiated through the proxy service, and reaches your computer, or more likely, a router or another raspberry pi. Nonetheless, good question, and one I plan to address in future videos as I talk more about cellular networking.

[@albertas978]

lemme fix your introl if you have an old router you can either get a raspberry pi or see if you can flash custom firmware on your old one as i did :P

[@DevOdyssey]

Hahah I like that Albert! You should write my video intros 😂. Thanks for watching!

[@albertas978]

@@DevOdyssey no probs :) and man, great vid very informative and simple to understand.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@albertas978 Thanks for the compliments, it means a lot. I couldn't be happier to hear this is what people think of my video! 😊

[@MestreDentistaGUC]

Exactly what I needed! Thank you!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Steven, and you're welcome! Glad to hear it's exactly what you needed. 😊

[@mrd4233]

Awesome tutorial! Keep going!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you very much Mr. D! The compliments and support go a long way 😊

[@EmilePolka]

oof. USB ethernet. Throw that to the junk and look for another option. Either go with CM4 with custom board with 2 ethernet ports (which one connected builtin to the gigabit port and another one connected using pcie bus).

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching remie ikawura! USB Ethernet is definitely not the best, thats for sure, as you can find varying quality of USB ethernet adapters, most not great. For light usage, it'll suffice, but heavy use I'm sure can burn it out due to excessive heat. I actually made a CM4 router with a DFRobot IoT carrier board - www.dfrobot.com/product-2242.html Still working on making the video, but this has two 1 GB Ethernet ports, one being the native port and the other using the PCIe bus, as you noted. I'd like to find a CM4 carrier board with more ethernet ports, but I still haven't come across one yet. When I do, I have big plans for it, and will make a video on it too.

[@mysterytriangle6062]

you are awesome, i replaced my old crappy isp router with raspberry pi 3b, it's more faster.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for the compliment and for watching Ring Bell! 😊 Anyone who has a sub optimal ISP router, I definitely recommend replacing it, if not with a custom configured router, than at the least with a store bought router from a reputable brand. It’s worth the extra feature you get. A raspberry pi 3b is definitely better than practically any ISP router in most ways in my opinion. I’m just getting started with trying out and making custom routers! I’m excited to share what I’ve been working on in future videos.

[@insane3184]

Bro I can't see wireless in network on PC not on pi

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching INSANE! Can you elaborate a bit more on the issue? Are you saying when you look for the WiFI networks near you on your PC, that the WiFi is not showing up? If so, are you sure that the WiFi has been enabled on the Raspberry Pi Router? (Network -> Wireless) Are you able the see the WiFi network on another device, like a smartphone? With a little more context, I'd have a better idea of what your issue is, and maybe a viable solution.

[@JuanCarlosHerediaMayer]

cool!!! thanks for sharing

[@DevOdyssey]

You're welcome @JuanCarlosHerediaMayer! Thanks for watching 😊

[@theonlynafester]

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Nathan! A car router is definitely a neat project. Building one like this is definitely better than any solution car manufacturers offer these days, and arguable a better in car wifi experience. Would be happy to hear how it turns out for you.

[@theonlynafester]

@@DevOdyssey thanks for the kind words! I'll be sure to come back and tell you when it's all installed

[@DevOdyssey]

@@theonlynafester You're welcome! Looking forward to it!

[@GarryGri]

I looked at OpenWrt but it seems both overkill and overly complicated for something that can basically be done quite easily on any raspberry pi with a couple on network interfaces (Wired or Wi-Fi). Just saying this may not be the best solution for everyone!

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Gary! I appreciate you sharing your opinion, and for some, I’m sure it might not be the best solution with OpenWrt. Given how many settings and features are in OpenWrt, it can become overwhelming for some who aren’t as network knowledgeable (it took me quite a long time to understand many network settings). However, with LuCi and OpenWrt, I find it easy enough to create the appropriate interfaces for a router using a GUI (where it actually works), and with the packages available on OpenWrt, makes for a great system that can grow with you and upgrade over time, depending on changing needs. I’m sure this similarly can be done on Raspberry Pi OS, using some GUI tools in GNOME, and for routing / firewall capabilities can use iptables or any graphical software that’s available, and effectively accomplish the same thing as done in OpenWrt. While I’m not exactly sure how easy this would be in Raspberry Pi OS, feel free to share how you’d accomplish this.

[@AcidiFy574]

This tutorial is sooooooooo good

[@DevOdyssey]

Thank you for watching FineWin 2.0! I really appreciate the compliment 😊

[@sirthatisoneverylongname]

shouldent it work with windows termanal

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching! So use the Ubuntu terminal because of the software available on Ubuntu to make the changes to the disk, like gparted and fdisk. I guess you can hypothetically use the windows terminal, so long as you know how to partition and format the disk using windows tools, it should work. I just went with a Linux terminal as I knew what software that would be on it, and how to use it to partition and expand the useable and available space on the disk.

[@SamarthCat]

I don't want to be that one guy that points out mistakes but, Gigabit is different from Gigabyte, 1 Gigabyte = 8 Gigabit.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Samarth. All good, no worries. Someone else did point that out to me as well. It was a slip up on my end when making the video. But I appreciate you pointing it out and sharing it, so that anyone else who watches it, and sees your comment, can know the correct way of referring to bandwidth. Thanks for helping!

[@essetee]

If you delete the second partition and make a new one, your pi will never booted. You use ubuntu as vm and I think gparted is installed by default. If not sudo apt install gparted will do the trick. Open gparted, choose the sd card, right click on second partition and choose resize/move. Then move the slider to the end, apply, and you are ready to go. The vm is only needed if you don't work with a linux system.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Serge Terryn! Honestly, I'm not sure exactly what happens but I have a good idea. I believe when I use fdisk, I'm not actually deleting the partition when I press "d". Rather it marks it for delete or the reference to the partition can now be overwritten. As a result, I can remake the second partition over it and make it the size I want, but also leave the same signature it had in the beginning, and therefore it looks the same, but its' just using a larger amount of space, which is exactly what we want. Then when I press "w", thats when all the changes actually take affect. Gparted may be installed by default, I'd have to check when running my vm, I'm not too sure though. Nonetheless, I learned this process using fdisk, and I know the same thing can be accomplished using gparted. It can definitely be easier using gparted and its GUI with the slider, etc, versus in the terminal. But as you noted as well, you can accomplish this on any linux system, and if you primary machine runs linux then you don't need a VM at all. 😊 Thanks for your contribution! Really appreciate the other ways you offered to help accomplish the same thing, that also may be easier for some users too.

[@THITHAONGUYEN-h6t]

Fix lan speed 100 mb

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching THI THAO NGUYEN. I'm not sure what you mean. The RPi 4 has a gigabit ethernet port, and the usb adapter I use is also gigabit. The only time you'd see 100 megabit connection is if the device you're connecting the router has a 100 megabit ethernet port. For wireless, your speed would also vary depending on the device's WiFi adapter, antennas, and distance between the two.

[@peterpetkov6922]

Mikrotik is cheaper than Raspberry and contain switch and WiFi. Except for fun, it is not worth using a Raspberry as a router.

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Peter! Taking a look at Mikrotik, I do see their offerings are way cheaper, like $40 for their base ethernet router, the hEx Lite. Though, I didn't seem WiFi on that router. Can you share any specific examples of a Router + AP from Mikrotik? Certainly, Raspberry Pi's used to be more cost effective until the chip shortage has sky rocketed prices. At least with a Raspberry Pi, you can get a tad more powerful hardware, with regards to the cost, but definitely suffers from lack of Networking IO. Really the better use case, in my opinion, is as a travel router for Raspberry Pi, but otherwise, I wouldn't say its the best for a home router. If we can resolve the lack of networking IO with performant hardware, then it's can be a good contender, which is why I have hopes for CM4 carriers boards, but even then, there are some limitations.

[@peterpetkov6922]

only for 25$ perfect WiFi router with many options for home and travel.

[@peterpetkov6922]

I want to add that the built-in antennas in this router work surprisingly well. I use such a router in my home.

[@DevOdyssey]

@@peterpetkov6922 Thanks for sharing, thats great to hear! Care to share a link to the router you are speaking of? I'd enjoy looking into it more, and it can help others here who might be interested too.

[@melonmusk3976]

Why in God's name are you using a big Brother as a dns server?

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching Melon Musk! I personally don't use that DNS server in my environments, but I used it in this example since it’s a well known DNS. Personally I prefer cloudflare’s 1.1.1.1, but there’s quad9 and other good DNS ones that sure don’t consume your data like Google. For those more privacy conscience I wouldn’t certainly recommend using DNS servers that are not ISP based or Google’s.

[@broly-fl7nn]

this video is explained badly, and zooming on ethernet cables like this is very useless

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @broly-fl7nn. Is there something that you are not understanding that I can clarify? The reason why I show the hardware, is not necessarily just for the ethernet cables, but rather what I'm actually doing with those cables and what ports that I'm connecting to.

[@broly-fl7nn]

@@DevOdyssey this gave me an headache, i try again and again but im lost with the configuration and cables..

[@DevOdyssey]

@@broly-fl7nn Sorry to hear that. can you specify what part you are lost? The first step, second, third?

[@dradd1234_yt]

blud leaked his ip adress💀💀💀💀💀💀

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching @dradd1234_yt. Assuming you are talking about internal and external, those exposed IP addresses. The internal IP address is ephemeral, and was only used in the making of this video. Its also not publicly accessible, so it really only has relevance if someone is internally on the network. As for the external IP address, in this case, that doesn't matter. Thats because the upstream internet I was using here was from a cellular modem on Verizon's network. Typically, the IPv4 addresses they assign out for your internet gateway is a CGNAT IP Address. This means that your public IP address on your WAN interface, does not match the public IP address used to browse the internet, and is not specifically assigned to me. That IP shown in the video is shared by multiple customers of Verizon's. This makes it cheaper for Verizon instead of having to pay for multiple public IPv4 addresses to assign out to each of their customers. Let alone, we've already run out of public IPv4 addresses, so this is really the only way the can still use IPv4 where its needed. Take a look into CGNAT and it should make more sense as to why it's exposure doesn't matter. The concept is similar to how your home router assigns out private IP addresses.

[@dradd1234_yt]

@@DevOdyssey I don't use verizon and I did not knew they use CGNAT

[@DevOdyssey]

​@@dradd1234_yt No worries, most cellular providers do. If you are using a different home internet ISP, like cable internet, you are more likely to get a dynamic, or static, IP address that you control, and points directly to your router / home network. In those instances, its better to not show your IP address, but not necessarily the worst thing either, as most people have all external ports blocked. The only concern would be if your router had security issues which would be bad. Either way, if there's no reason to show it, then it shouldn't be shown.

[@dradd1234_yt]

@@DevOdyssey I'm from another country and we have fiber but thanks for telling me that.

[@DevOdyssey]

You’re welcome! So this can also apply to fiber too, not just cable, as it really depends on your ISP. It’s most common with hardline internet to receive a real public IP address. You can even get a static one from your ISP as they likely sell it as an add on. I wish I had fiber! My down speed is fine but up speed is definitely not good enough, especially in this remote work era. That’s mostly an industry problem that I hope will soon be fixed and ISPs will start selling the same speeds down and up.

[@tobe4her]

Great video, I just want to add for the usb adapter TP-Link UE300 I had to use kmod-usb-net-rtl8152 instead of kmod-usb-net-asix-ax88179, in order for me to see eth1 under Network-interfaces-Add new interface - Device, and I am using the latest openwrt 21.02.3. Thank you for the video :)

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching tobe4her!

[@OGB6_]

Just if any one needs some ethernet adapters need kmod-usb-net-rtl8152

[@DevOdyssey]

Thanks for watching and for sharing @OGB6_! For anyone using USB Ethernet adapters that have the rtl8152 chipset, this driver will definitely be needed. Or for other chipsets that use this driver as well. I appreciate you offering your experience and helping out anyone who may land on this video and run into this situation.

[@givemethesantahatfoo]

Hello, Dev Odyssey. I sent an earlier comment, but I think it was sent to your review folder due to having imgur links (I sent a diagram of my router/modem/wap layout for reference). Let me know if you can approve/or still see that comment! Thank you!

[@DevOdyssey]

Hi givemethesantahatfoo! Thanks for watching. I did see that you posted a comment earlier, but when I tried to view it, it said the comment was deleted. I can assure you I did not delete it, so it was probably automatically deleted for some reason. Maybe you can try explaining it over text, or if not, post another comment here with the imgur link and maybe I can then review it. Or if you'd like, you can go to my channel info and send me an email with your network diagram. Any option works for me!