How To Calculate Speeds and Feeds (Inch Version) - Haas Automation Tip of the Day

In the latest Tip of the Day, Mark covers an essential topic that every machinist needs to know, but that is confusing and often misunderstood: How to calculate speeds and feeds. In typical Mark fashion, not only do you get the formulas and a step-by-step method for doing the calculations, but also an explanation of each term and some great animations to tie it all together. Every student, machine operator, or aspiring machinist should bookmark this video!
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[@ourtube4266]

Machinists have possibly the best online community of any trade profession. I’m just an engineer dipping his toe into CNC but the vast array of knowledge that is masterfully presented on KZbin makes me want to learn more than I will ever use for work. Thank you so much for contributing to the public education of machinists everywhere! -Brett, 25

[@jenpsakiscousin4589]

Machining and fabricating experience is probably the best knowledge a mechanical engineer can have along with their engineering training.

[@robertlawler1387]

Well that's great cause 15 years ago the alot of the ole timers wouldn't teach the younger a guys shit.

[@atkorecrete]

Can confirm. Most of them STILL don't want to pass knowledge down. I had to deal with that for the first 10 or so years starting out. I don't know if they felt threatened by a younger guy coming up or what it was@@robertlawler1387

[@raulholliman2190]

@@robertlawler1387 Why is that?

[@chauvinemmons]

​@@raulholliman2190perceived job security

[@LeFrenchy.]

honestly i have started my apprenticeship in machining earlier this year and this is freaking priceless! i have yet to come across one of your videos that was not helpful. Thanks a lot for these amazing videos

[@wethenorth3695]

theses videos along with the drill basics video is so nice for new machinists, you really explain things well,clearly and most of all this is everyday stuff you deal with! awesome stuff!

[@DarkAeroInc]

Another informative and entertaining video. Thank you Haas!

[@DerkJester]

Extremely informative! Will definitely be referring to this video for any trainees.

[@skeeterweazel]

Another great video. Info, presentation, and graphics make them enjoyable.

[@juliocesarruizlopez6610]

Thank you for this video!!

[@timrobertson3253]

Excellent video! I will be using with our students at Danville Community College.

[@mikeoliver198]

Nicely done. Thank you.

[@ttwkrucialx1]

Great video you broke it down for the novice. Thanks

[@davidmexicotte9862]

We will show this to our students. Thx

[@MarcoAntonio-ox2uy]

Estupendo video. gracias

[@Joe-qm5qw]

Love the videos, I'm betting your audience is all grown up now! 😁

[@MolotovMaton]

Excellent video.

[@samdoan1874]

You are the best.

[@gheumann]

Outstanding, very helpful! (I've been a manual machinist and always chose RPM and feed speeds based on general understanding of materials, plus "feel". Now as I'm transitioning to more CNC I see I haven't been pushing my tools hard enough!

[@ryanb1874]

Do the cbc really allow much faster than 500 sfm for carbide to medium steels , and is this cause the carbide is so much better or because of the ability to climb cut w cnc?

[@devinpack9168]

I had that same problem when I went from manual to CNC. When I first started I always thought the tool was going to break because of how fast it was going

[@user-jc8dq1ne2j]

This is a great video! I teach machine tool, and its a great resource for my classroom.

[@jasonstewart5942]

I do love this video as it's very easy to understand and you explain it very well. I have a question though. I have a cnc router and want to do some Aluminum work with it. I don't have the luxury of using a formula to get my spindle speed as i'm kinda stuck with a variable speed dial on a Makita router with a min/rpm of 10,000. Is there a formula for figuring out how to safely run a tool at a specific RPM?

[@juanvaldez4043]

I’m not the worlds biggest fan of Haas, but this guy and these videos are awesome!

[@medegmagongorovna2345]

Thanks, Mark, very useful! I didn't find videos about turn speeds n feeds, could you please to make same video about it, it would be very useful!

[@GioBaby]

Medegma Gongorovna they are the same

[@sergeykochubey630]

Thanks Man. good video.

[@billherreid9661]

This is awesome! Great information presented very clearly. It would be nice to have the formulas written out in the description. Also, can anyone recommend a good app for speeds and feeds?

[@ikeepzita100]

Bill Herreid look up machinist calculator it’s a app

[@BrilliantDesignOnline]

Thank you. Laid out VERY clearly. Only improvement would have been a PDF cheat sheet in the description. (I copied it all down to a notepad doc.)

[@haasautomation]

vondeliusc - Done. Thanks for the comment! We added a cheat sheet, and a link in the description. We also added a link to our Haas Shop Notes, which has all kinds of wonderful formulas for machinists. Thanks again. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@BrilliantDesignOnline]

Thanks Mark! Haas is AWESOME.

[@dalebennett5227]

can you do a video how to program G12/13 circle cutting

[@fryer05maverick31]

Another great video. From a brother with the same hair do.

[@nv9849]

Sir u have become master for me

[@user-wl1oo8kq1h]

Спасибо Вам за видео.👍

[@billherreid9661]

Formulas: Speed: n=(Vc*12)/(D*π) n=spindle speed in RPM Vc=cutting speed in sfm D=diameter in inches Simplifies to: n=3.82*Vc*D Feed: Vf = Fz*Zn*n Vf = table feed rate in ipm, F code Fz = feed per tooth Z = number of teeth n = rpm Cut width and depth: Ae = radial width of cut (along x and y axes) Ap = axial depth of cut (along the z axis) Drilling: Fn = inches per revolution. Feed rate: Vf=Fn*n

[@iliasalice6322]

Thanks

[@adamloura2824]

Your the man

[@user-wn4dx1cl3g]

Cool animation🤗

[@anilkm2400]

Wonderful

[@ryanb1874]

I think it's simpler to just cal based on chip thick per cutter tooth. Somewhat depending on z plunge too

[@funkalicious2002]

Great video. I’ll definitely be showing this to the apprentices at my shop. I only wish you had gone in to chip thinning, but maybe that’s good for a second video.

[@haasautomation]

Tyfunk 02 - Great topic, we’ll put it on the list. Thanks for the comment. If you have any topic you’d like to see, sent it to us at [e-mail]. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@oofrankie]

@@haasautomation v,bo.yd

[@familyofsteel7192]

What bit is best for engraving on stainless steel 1/32" deep and 1/32" wide?

[@yunusemrecetin6597]

thank you for the videos. please add turkish subtitles to all videos

[@mike-carrigan]

Great video, thanks. Any chance on doing a Lathe one?

[@GioBaby]

Mike Carrigan it is the same

[@littlehercules5716]

Can you show chip formations and trouble shoot them for us? The speed and feeds are calculated correctly but I'm afraid of pushing the inserts to s1400 and f9.5 for a 1.5 inch index drill

[@jaype741]

What would the material group be for composites like carbon fiber or plastics?

[@surajitmaji7182]

Sir you r great

[@m.j.khnowledge]

great vedios bro

[@NerdlyCNC]

Thank you sir may I have another. 👍🏼

[@mastermoarman]

So how would you figure out what sfm I would use if I have HSS endmills that I didnt get from a catalog with vc?

[@themattrixrevolution]

I like how you are holding overheated drill bit in your hands (I know its special effects) but that bit will be hot all the way around.

[@puddintame6310]

0:24 Key Concepts-Formula to determine RPM-Establish feedrate. 1:13 Surface feet per minute versus RPM. 2:01 Pi. 3:14 Speeds-Cutting speed versus spindle speed. 3:45 We get our cutting speed in Surface Feet per Minute from the catalog. 4:25 Formula to calculate RPM explained. 5:29 RPM formula simplified. 7:19 Isomaterial classes to determine Surface Feet per Minute. 9:00 Example RPM calculated. 9:56 Feedrate formula. 10:48 Example feedrate calculated. 11:25 Cutting versus slotting. Axial depth of cut and radial depth of cut explained. 11:48 Matching feeds and speeds with toolpath strategies. 12:13 Drills versus endmills. Feed per revolution for drills-feed per tooth for endmills. 12:50 Completed legend. All symbols. All formulae. 13:50 Speed and feed calculator on Haas controller! Under "Current commands," then navigate to milling tab.

[@19jaredbarsuglia81]

Puddin Tame nice! The time stamp after Pi though

[@domkelly1972]

How do you determine depth of cut once you have done this? Do you assume you are using the entire cutting depth of the flutes? I know he said about ap and ae and that slotting should 25% less. But 25% less of what calculation?

[@sergeyb6954]

Hello, thank you for your jobs! Can you tell me how much SFM for 6061 aluminum ( carbide endmill)? Thank you a lot.

[@steeltecmexicali3402]

Where can I find the tables of cut values ​​and tool advances, the one you mention at 13:20?

[@GioBaby]

Steeltec Mexicali machinist handbook

[@thingsthatmake]

What about the lathe version? Thanks!

[@zgmfblitz1541]

Would anyone by chance know what the name of the catalogue he is referring to at 3:46? I have tried searching Haas vf2 catalogue > Mill Interactive operators manual but does not show the same chart

[@skjahedmalida7232]

Plz discuss with ap and ae

[@hell02023]

Hello, where can I find the Vc cutting speed material groups chart and cutting speed fz, do you have a link I can download, Thank you very much

[@dheerajtiwari1061]

Sir, which better app we should use to calculate feed rpm for tools

[@astriknon]

I started using FSWizard app, so far I have yet to be disappointed with it. For turning though, I still use manufacture recommendations.

[@AlphaGT-R16]

What is that catalog called for the sfm and where to get it?

[@firashmaizah5528]

Hello.. I need the tool manual u used. I'v searched for it and no luck with it..

[@markschuette3770]

ok good- NOW can you use that formula IF your dealing with tubing?? (not a solid material)

[@eitantal726]

I want to carve stone. But the charts are all for metal types. Is there a chart for stones?

[@BuildAProWorkShop]

Does it change based on depth of cut?

[@pabloalvarez8500]

Hi mark how can I calculate my feed and speed for lathe

[@alexkemnitz8328]

As a high school skilled and technical sciences teacher, this scares me because I'm afraid it will put me out of a job. I love these videos.

[@haasautomation]

Alex - Never! At the High School level it seems like creating a spark, and exposing students to what manufacturing and engineering even are is the tough part. These vids are great supplements, but you can’t replace a teacher’s hands-on training, or enthusiasm. Shoot me an email at [e-mail], I’d love to touch base. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@4onemejia]

that rock guy ,two thumb up

[@joshuahixon4100]

I cannot find information on the feed per tooth. I've looked up an end mill and tried to find documentaion on that and am having no sucess. Am I looking in the wrong spot or what am I missing here?

[@rabidracoon1157]

I feel like im going to sound really stupid, buuuut could you do one for lathes? I'm really new (less than a year) and i was trained to do this formula for lathes. Just the number of teeth is 1 because a lathe has one cutting edge. The older guys tell me SFM calculations are a myth and aren't real. (I understand there are variables and they are a starting point.) But then im getting that this is the wrong way for a lathe, and a lathe feed rate is calculated as fees per rev. But the informative im finding on this seems a bit strange. Feed×RPM=Feed Rate where would i find the "Feed" value? If its based off of tooling catalog information, im not provided this at my shop. Thanks! Love the videos! ❤

[@bstevermer9293]

Anyone have some info on with or with out coolant?

[@kabilkabil8731]

Hello sir, i have small doubt what is different between this two formulas Vç=πDN/1000 Vç=πDN/12

[@dkh100]

Could i possibly speed up the feed if i bump up the rpm but still have a matching feed per tooth ?

[@markterryberry4477]

We can definitely do that. Check out this video that goes into the details kzbin.info/www/bejne/qqDUdml-prZ4qbM

[@juggla2499]

So at that f/s is -.25, really a good depth to cut at??

[@bubba_lynn_crude]

Dude looks like he carries his tools around in a guitar case.

[@seenuvasan8018]

What is vc 1000 how to put that is ??

[@lsmullin62]

are these different for single angled cutters

[@haasautomation]

ISM 62 - Its all the same formulas, we’ll just use “1” for our number of teeth. So, if our single lip engraving cutter is meant to run at .0005” per tooth, and we are running 12,000 rpm, then we just run .0005 x 12000 = 6ipm. Hope this helps. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@cedriceveleigh]

metric units please

[@barti513ruiz]

What is the app?

[@PhishScales]

Could we get one of these for lathes?

[@haasautomation]

Ryan - We just put it on the list! Thanks for your comment. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@ricardocastillo880]

Was gonna ask the same

[@985476246845]

isnt it just the same only you don't use Fz for feed and use Fn instead?

[@real_uriel]

Cool video! But how do you do all this on a lathe?

[@F30586]

I always have a hard time finding out how to use sfm on a lathe. I’m a pro at mill calculations, I get lost when calculating fees rates when turning parts.

[@SUMOCAT86]

You just type in your speed in rpm's(G97) or surface speed (G96) and then your feed in inches/rev. or inches/minute(not usually used in lathes)

[@bds]

If a manufacturer-supplied feeds and speeds chart doesn't give speeds and feeds for wood, and the material you're cutting is wood, can you just use the information for aluminum (or plastics if available or non-ferrous materials if available)?

[@haasautomation]

bds - I haven’t cut enough wood to be of much help to you, but for the wood I have cut, I started with feeds and speeds for Aluminum and worked my way up, just like you said. With the correct tools for wood (router bits, etc), you can basically run at max spindle RPM most of the time, but you’ll need to check with each tool supplier. - Mark, Haas Tip of the day

[@bds]

@@haasautomation Thanks so much for your reply and for making this video! I will give that a try!

[@johanneslaxell6641]

What I don't understand: Aren't you measuring absolute with relative? Does it matter if the indicator shows +/-0.01mm or +/-1mm, the idea is to get it to show +/-0? To measure absolute in Z you could use a "vertical caliper"? I only use the indicator "to chase the zero", I use other tools for measuring...

[@RockerGuy0001]

Wow, I need to watch that a 2nd time.

[@blackyranchero]

Why doesn't everyone just use feed/revolution (G95)? You have that info and then put it into your formula to come up with inches/minute. With feed/rev, the feed stays constant even if you raise or lower the rpm.

[@ryanb1874]

What is a good rule of thumb for hoging passes, going full depth and 100 % stepover, 180 degrees of mills g action ahead of the cutter, if surface speed doesn't have to decrease, what's it for maximum chip thickness. I KNOW the cnc programing game is where it's at I just think it is faster to do really remedial tooling on a bridgy, or NC mill.

[@markboudreau1276]

I've always asked this too, I think it goes back to old manual mills that had auto feed and were not connected to the spindle so it was ipm. But when I started running CNCs in the 80's I always programmed in ipr even on mills, why add the extra step in the calculations.

[@jenpsakiscousin4589]

We have older machines that don’t have g95.

[@jenpsakiscousin4589]

@@ryanb1874 everything is relative to the rigidity of the machine and more importantly rigidity in the setup/fixture. Also coolant and how well your coolant system can keep up.

[@dzmitryiuchyk1108]

08:12 - How do you keep this tool in hands? It should be really hot, isn't it?

[@dkh100]

It was cgi

[@harshpatel9191]

which app use for calculating speed and feed

[@F30586]

I recommend the Phillips Machinist app.

[@abhishekdhawale7726]

I know speed feed for core drill Which drill from dia90 to dia 143 Having 6 insert R5 two inserts at dia90 and another tcmt16 4 inserts cover the face 90 -143

[@abhishekdhawale7726]

Sir, Kindly mail me the details on this address [e-mail]

[@abhishekdhawale7726]

Material is cast iron

[@CMTheHollow]

Where can I get that chart from?

[@haasautomation]

KIDROBOT4 - We just now added a pdf of the formulas. The link is now in the Description. Thanks for the comment! - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@solomaster9315]

Why do cam softwares generate massive g code files when i can mdi the code necessary to make the part and it takes 5% as much code. Im still new and havent realy taken the time to compleetly analyze the cam output.

[@diegorusso]

We use mdi just to do a short thing. May be two or five lines of programming. Cam is not always the best choice. Sometimes is better to program next to the machine by hand. Start doing your own jobs and you will know your how to make the choice.

[@MarkWesley]

Because cam software uses programming rules that are generic and work, but with computer programming knowledge and understanding, and applying to your specific needs and situations, you can customize the post processor to better fit and more efficiently spit out code that works for you. I use FeatureCam, as an example, and am constantly tweeking the post processor files (rules) to help eliminate unnecessary and machine memory wasting code.

[@MichaelWMoore]

Why not program using G95 and just enter the IPR? This way if there is any bog in the spindle the feed will automatically slow to compensate. Saves on tooling.

[@joegrade698]

I agree G95 should be default on all milling machine controls. Then you can tweak SFM with speed override without changing the chip load per tooth. G94 requires re calculation of IPM and a program edit. I have been programming this way for the last 40 years

[@snehap7009]

Why you are not mentioned mapal

[@gandaya900]

Question from a newbie: the formulas don't contain extreme variables that are all over the place. There is only a few number of diameters available, 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 etc. Rarely anyone uses a 4 or 3.68 inch diameter endmill, if it even exists. Also, you can't find a 17 flute endmill, but rather 2,3,4 (5 and 6 maybe?). Why does it seem that everyone needs to calculate these numbers or look at a chart so often?

[@norfolkwaye3620]

There are plenty of other sizes out there, metrics, customs, inserted tooling, drill bits, etc. Inserted cutters can come in literally any size and can have any number of inserts, and often have prime numbers of inserts to reduce the effects of chatter.

[@michaelfrancis1715]

Is these speeds and feeds just with coolant? What about no coolant?

[@markterryberry4477]

For most tools, we are referring to Speeds while running coolant. Some tools, with special coatings like TiAlN, and AlCrN can handle very high temperatures (1100 ° C), and run just fine without coolant, but even those tools will likely give us better surface finishes if we run coolant. The manuals will usually tell us if we need coolant or not.

[@unreal203]

what happened to 4 x sfm divided by tool diameter for rpm ? So much simpler.

[@markterryberry4477]

That will definitely work. A more exact formula is (3.82 x SFM)/Ø, but these are just ballpark numbers anyhow, so using '4' instead of 3.82 is almost always close enough. Great comment.

[@haasautomation]

The formulas you saw in this video are now available in pdf form. Just follow the links in the Description of this video. Thanks for watching! - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@ACota-dk9qw]

I tried and failed to find the pdf :(

[@philliptran8831]

Where's the PDf??

[@claudiorodriguezcba740]

Muchas gracias por el dato y más me gusta lo último los cálculos ya están dadas

[@haasautomation]

For the Bonus content in this video, you can email me at [e-mail]. The links were lost when the website was migrated. Thanks for the comments. - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@ericksonsacayan6347]

Where did you get the value of 12 sir?

[@joshmlynarski2185]

Call Nates Industrial Tools in Los Angeles!

[@cliffordernest7825]

Seriously, if I buy a Haas VMC... will haas teach me how to use it?

[@haasautomation]

AFKA William Devane - That is a question that a Salesperson would love to answer. Dealers, Haas Factory Outlets, handle this in different ways. Many offer training classes on the use of the machine, or offer discounted on-site training. Track down your local dealer at www.haascnc.com/about/contact.html and see what they say, or shoot me an email at [e-mail] and we’ll figure something out. Every HFO has trained Haas Applications Engineers, like me, to help answer questions. And, we have some great manuals and online videos! - Mark, Haas Tip-of-the-day

[@telugurealtyshow454]

I asked sir i want 2d programmings pocket n interpolation

[@adammakarzyk3274]

So I'm being stupid, if the machine can't handle high rpms, go with the lower grades on the tools? This is for both lathe and mill, having a limit on tool diameters, trying to figure this out

[@markterryberry4477]

It's a good question. If you are running nothing but Ø1" diameter tools on Titanium, you wouldn't need a fast spindle, because you will never be running at high RPMs anyhow. If you are running small tools on aluminum, you will want the faster spindle option. And yes, if you a manually mill with a low RPM spindle, there is no reason to buy expensive tools with crazy high-temp tool coatings, as you really wouldn't see a lot of the benefits.

[@BLACK-hl4ic]

Plot Twist - I have not CNC, VMC But I subscribe

[@Gboyer13]

There's a mistake in the video, everybody knows that 12/pi=4

[@GioBaby]

Guillaume Boyer it’s 3.8216

[@1998ichigokurosaki98]

Omg chump

[@deepaksrinivas4868]

sir how can i know cutting speed

[@christofear]

Did you watch the video

[@GioBaby]

Christopher Jensen depends on what speed you want , Feed or RPM Spindle Speed

[@OPxIVY21]

Screen shot at 13:00

[@BLACK-hl4ic]

PDF FILE have only this Frame One page 3 formula

[@bowking6140]

I am a subscriber to South Korea. May I ask you to add Korean to your subtitles? I beg you very much

[@Raptorman0909]

Can anyone recommend some good apps for Android?

[@MarkWesley]

I have HSMAdvisor, called FSWizard on a phone. I think it's very capable and robust in its capabilities, and worth the one time fee.

[@Raptorman0909]

@@MarkWesley -- Thanks Mark, I downloaded that app yesterday but haven't played with it very much.

[@MarkWesley]

@@Raptorman0909 I think the free version only gives you one material or so. The full version gives you many kinds of materials, too many to list. I think only once I couldn't find what I was working on - Tellurium Copper. We use this app at work, helps out a lot, but the feeds and speeds are to help you get into the ballpark. Consulting your tool magazine/rep is the most accurate way. Still a great program and I use it daily at the machine shop. Good luck!

[@Raptorman0909]

@@MarkWesley -- OK, I was looking at it yesterday and saw it was limited in that sense but I guess they want you to pony up for the full version.

[@cncguru52]

....for drills also give ..

[@deepaksrinivas4868]

tool part number is sd99-200 why did you take sd99-0750