How to Find the Number of Valence Electrons for Transition Metals

[@TehDenizenz]

Struggled with this a bit in my class but this video helped clear up the topic for me. Thank you!

[@Nevaska11]

You have no idea how your video helped me! i wasn't founding this specific information in portuguese, but when i searched in english, your video was the first one to pop up!

[@wbreslyn]

That is good to hear, glad it was helpful!

[@ivythedazzlinggirl2289]

You don't understand how well you explain! Thank you sir

[@wbreslyn]

Thanks for the kind words!

[@hemrajpatil6634]

Dr. You are a real Doctor of chemistry 😭😭 solved all my problems in chemistry

[@wbreslyn]

Happy to help!

[@lame_pratham]

Thank you so much Dr. B, I was struggling with topic for a week.

[@arbeeyamelo291]

You help me a lot sir! Would you teach us organic chemistry soon?

[@Sp4ACEC4d3t]

Hi! Alright. But what about those few transition elements whose electron configuration don't follow Aufbau principle? (i.e. Au, Ag, Cu...). Thank you for the video!!:)

[@andrewmathias]

Dr. B, Your videos are helping me learn so well!! You are the best! Thank you so much for doing this. You are my hero! Andrew

[@wbreslyn]

You're very welcome!

[@beigomaacademymathsclub5873]

Dr, I find your videos highly useful. Keep up the great work. I would like to watch the derivation of the Schrödinger equation.

[@wbreslyn]

Thanks, most appreciated. I too would like to watch a derivation of the Schrödinger equation! It's been a while since I've worked with that.

[@Muhammadislahmedia]

.

[@heatheryousif4911]

Just wanted to write THANK YOU for explaining this in a simple easy way

[@wbreslyn]

You are most welcome!

[@weirdo214]

I have my exam tmr and you’ve helped me more then my chem teacher ever could haha thank you!!

[@aaroncurci6488]

So funny I had a chem lecture today , I knew what we were going to learn , so instead of wasting my time In class I can just watch this KZbin video and learn the same thing I need to know for class from my room , awesome

[@wbreslyn]

Glad I could help!

[@solerin9216]

can the last two electron configuration be always the basis for the number of their valence electrons?

[@ariva7369]

Thank you but shouldn't the valence electrons be 2 for most transitional metals except for copper and chromium because they are just exceptions? Like, aren't valence electrons defined as the number of electrons in the outermost shell or energy level? So in both cases that you pointed out, the valence electrons were 2 because there were two electrons in the outermost shell: 4s2.

[@wbreslyn]

You really have to look at the Noble gas core. This should explain in more detail: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_electron#Electron_configuration Let me know if it doesn't make sense.

[@fireballzz3923]

Makes Total Sense

[@swapnathota4527]

Same doubt....

[@abelelias4553]

Nah , you might be taking Abt valency

[@vidyarthi921]

It is different think valance electrons and valency of the elements

[@Nectarie-RobertCiobotaru]

Keep up the good work, very comprehensive explanation.

[@wbreslyn]

Thanks, will do!

[@austrianpainter-x2m]

i love you so much, this video is a rare thing to find

[@wbreslyn]

You are most welcome!

[@pradipbijwe1904]

Thank you sir for this video. But can you please explain how to find the valency of transition elements through electronic configuration?????

[@lightcapmath2777]

Another excellent video to clarify the number of possible valence electrons for the d-block elements. Many thanks Dr. B

[@wbreslyn]

You are most welcome!

[@lightcapmath2777]

@@wbreslyn Thank you Wayne. I have two chem students at this time. I refereed your channel to them. As finals are coming closer I can only do so much to help them. Your videos will be a great help to them. I too assume that many other students have learned more for you (your videos) then in class. Please keep up your passion. peace David

[@wbreslyn]

@@lightcapmath2777 Thanks David, that is most appreciated. My sense is that students are often seeing the content for the second time when they watch my videos. So only part of the credit goes to my videos!

[@lightcapmath2777]

@@wbreslyn OK will agree with that. But your ability to show clarity shines above most chem teacher now a days. Peace David

[@honeybun0410]

Greatly explained 👍

[@kays640]

Thank you Dr. B! Is there a video for the electron configuration of lanthanides and actinides. Did not expect it on a practice exam

[@wbreslyn]

Not yet but I'll put it on my list!

[@kays640]

@@wbreslyn Thank you Dr. B! Have a great weekend

[@professionalr8171]

Sir u made me emotional.....😭...you teach better than my coaching teachers ..m

[@Mwamy11]

You are amazing teacher 🎉

[@lilibodnar3581]

This was very helpful when I needed it, thank you 😊

[@ysabellabongcaras]

do we really need to arrange the electron configuration according to increasing energy levels, Sir? we got confused by this in one of our activities in class since we only follow the aufbau principle.

[@pra498]

Thx man big time ❤

[@wbreslyn]

No problem 👍

[@JM-gp9gr]

Thank you for this short and understandable explanation :))))

[@wbreslyn]

Glad it was helpful!

[@alimukhtar4759]

So, for transition metals like "W" the 4f 5d and 6s electrons will be the valence electrons right??

[@anonymousguy7754]

Sir how can we know that how many electrons are going to be used by element out of these valence electrons??????

[@nauwwww]

Wyatt about Tungsten W? It has 6 valence electrons but the configuration is [Xe]6s2 4f14 5d4 the sum is 20

[@StockDoctortrade]

Thank you so much. This was much easier than I thought it was

[@santumos]

Thank you very much... based on the examples, it looks like you don't need the electron configuration (like subshell and energy levels). Instead it looks like we could take the atomic number of the element, and substract the atomic number of the closest noble gas "beneath" it. Is that fair?

[@wbreslyn]

Part of the challenge is using only the number of valence electrons you have for the structure and optimizing the formal charges. Seems like making two double bonds between the N and each O would make it so the valence electrons would be a problem.

[@mikayelhovhannisyan9445]

Sir , I have a question , what is the difference between dissolving and dissociating ??

[@wbreslyn]

The big difference is that dissociating means breaking apart into ions. A substance can dissolve (like sugar) but not dissociate. This is because sugar does not form ions. Something like NaCl can dissolve and dissociate.

[@mikayelhovhannisyan9445]

So you mean that in NaCl’s case dissociating and dissolving are the same ?

[@wbreslyn]

@@mikayelhovhannisyan9445 It would dissolve and dissociate. So I suppose you consider them the same in this case but chemistry is always picky about terms. Probably best to go with dissociate. Perhaps the interesting question is whether it would dissolve and then dissociate. Or does it instantly dissociate. I'm not sure how one would test that! Perhaps with some type of very accurate conductivity meter.

[@shairahcortez]

ur actually best thank you so much

[@wbreslyn]

You are most welcome!

[@solerin9216]

do we need to find the nble gas core or can we just go look at the last two electron configuration and add them up to get the number of valence electrons?

[@wbreslyn]

Technically I'd look at what is after the Noble Gas Core.

[@freztok4728]

Sir, I got a question why do you always choose Argon to compare?

[@davedhairya771]

Because it's the nearest noble gas

[@PawanKumar-or5qd]

Very nice explaination

[@wbreslyn]

Thank you!

[@TheLivirus]

I'm confused. If Fe has 8 valence electrons, doesn't that make it inert/noble?

[@punyamritmanhas1918]

Sir, what would be valence electrons for Os [Xe]6s2 4f14 5d6 ?

[@vincentagustin510]

The answer is 8. You dont count the 14 from the f because it is stable enough.

[@mlc9928]

Great video. Thanks

[@edenjones2846]

HI i have a question, how come the d shell was complete in the zirconium element for eg it was 3d10, whereas in the previous elements it was incomplete?? im confused

[@yarakitty2738]

Dr, I got a little confused because my professor in college told me that even for transition metals we take the electrons for the largest n as valence electrons. Is that right?

[@tasnim7326]

Umm, did u find out! If yes can u explain

[@arviejanedetorres2485]

SIR CAN YOU ANSWER MEEE RIGHT AWAY ? I REALLY NEED AN ANSWER QUICK COZ IM CONFUSED A BIT. THE VALENCE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION OF XENON IS 5s2, 4d10 and 5p6 RIGHT? SO THE VALENCE ELECTRON IN XENON HERE IS 18 RIGHT? I HOPE U NOTICE MEEE QUICK. THANK YOUUU

[@bakulaw6793]

how about the AgCl sir? after doing that, I got the result of 30 valence of Ag, how am I going to write it as lewis dots??

[@santhoshbalaji3766]

Why cadmium shows only two valance electrons? Can you please explain that sir?

[@mrsai1876]

Nice Explanation sir ...

[@idduboyinaramu2414]

I think there are some flaws in this video because how can count 3d orbital's and 4s orbital's electrons as valence electrons as 3d belongs to 3rd shell(M-shell) where as 4s belongs to 4th shell(N-shell) they don't belong to the same shell then how do you count them together as valence electrons??

[@dudeman4400]

can you explain how to write cobalt in dot structure when cobalt has 9?

[@kalle7533]

4:00 should I write 9 valance electrons around the cobalt when I have lewis structure ? How can it be pls someone tell I can’t understand 😢

[@somyajatav5731]

greatly helpful thankyou ........

[@wbreslyn]

No problem!

[@someone-xl9wp]

THANK YOU

[@professional-amateur]

So I just subtract the element's number to it's nearest noble gas's number? sorry for the bad english

[@joe_ninety_one5076]

It seems that you do not have to sort out the electron configuration, just look at the atomic number and subtract the atomic number of the nearest noble gas.

[@bluxeedits3533]

I love this 🎉

[@wbreslyn]

Excellent!

[@JasonKleandros]

great video thank you !!

[@wbreslyn]

You are welcome!

[@cricwold6116]

But what anout zinc it is having 3d10 , 4s2, but it is having only 2 valence electrons how ?

[@maribelchavez7928]

Thank you so much!

[@kisho2679]

which would noble metals be?

[@khalebajneed6440]

Why did you write 4s after 3d ? According to the Electron Configuration, this isn’t true.

[@km10is]

I have the same question. I guess it doesn't make a difference for the # of valence electrons, but if he's putting 3d before 4s, then why doesn't he fill 3d more?

[@25106019]

1:40 sir I didn't understand why did u take up argon as noble gas, we could have taken neon also right ? Pls someone help me :(

[@emanuelporporatto738]

Ar has 18é so -> Fe: [Ar] 3d6 4s2 one can use Ne too -> Fe: [Ne] 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 valeuuuuu salve

[@25106019]

@@emanuelporporatto738 Ok thank u ☺

[@poonamkhanna3027]

We used Ar because it is the nearest noble gas

[@33xhasaurabhkumar65]

Sir where are u stay ? And what is the valence electron of copper (cu) ? Please tell me🥺

[@wbreslyn]

I'm in the US right now. kzbin.info/www/bejne/gqnOYWxpjNp0d9U

[@webenglishretinarevision4944]

How many valence elections there in zinc?

[@anVtcCB0byBreXM]

Thank you!

[@wbreslyn]

Welcome!

[@carlichildres]

For cobalt, 9 valence electrons, I thought elements could only have 8 valence electrons?

[@wbreslyn]

Transition metals are a bit different. They have d orbitals and that makes things more complicated.

[@vlogs2.0ahad34]

Thank you so much sir ❤👈

[@wbreslyn]

Most welcome!

[@Aya_Mohamed2]

You forgot the copper exception :(

[@senpaiorius2563]

I think 4s comes before 3d

[@elaine3867]

Sir, thank you.

[@wbreslyn]

Welcome!

[@theangledsaxon6765]

what about valencies after the f block? Pt has 6 valence electrons :(

[@wbreslyn]

You're welcome!

[@tasnim7326]

Wow, thanks 😇

[@wbreslyn]

No problem 👍

[@kisho2679]

how much valence electrons do f-block elements have?

[@wbreslyn]

They can hold up to 14.

[@idduboyinaramu2414]

​@@wbreslynHow can valence electrons go up to 14 ? As the valence electrons that an element can have are 8 only

[@scoobiedoobiedapdap1009]

How do you know what the core is? Pls reply asap my exam is tomorrow

[@wbreslyn]

It is the abbreviated or condensed electron configuration.

[@mircea-andreigherasim9608]

So.. why do iron or other transition metals choose not to use all the valence electrons.. why only 4+ or something else instead of all 8? :D

[@wbreslyn]

That requires a rather long explanation. Transition metals can be tricky because of the their d orbitals.

[@mircea-andreigherasim9608]

@@wbreslyn Can you redirect me to an explanation (like a link to an article or a youtube video), I'm trying to learn as much as i can right now for a mineralogy exam, thank you for the quick response btw! :D

[@wbreslyn]

@@mircea-andreigherasim9608 This might be useful: ocw.mit.edu/courses/5-111-principles-of-chemical-science-fall-2008/resources/lecture-27/ Maybe this ocw.mit.edu/courses/5-111sc-principles-of-chemical-science-fall-2014/pages/unit-iv-transition-metals-oxidation-reduction-reactions/lecture-28/ All the best on your mineralogy exam!

[@mircea-andreigherasim9608]

@@wbreslyn Thanks a lot!!

[@jescelsalera2587]

How about, the valence electrons of Gold?

[@김현성-c2i]

고맙습니다

[@joey111]

Dr. B, you’re so pretty and cute! You’re so smart I hope you find all the love and peace in the world. I love you, you’re my hero! 🤍

[@follersofmohammad4247]

Thanks

[@manojkumarupadhyay7666]

Sir plzz explain reaction between : Aluminium oxide and Sodium hydroxide

[@wbreslyn]

It's a bit involved... Check this out: www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_reaction_between_aluminum_oxidized_in_a_NaOH_solution

[@manojkumarupadhyay7666]

Ok sir.. thanks

[@alphaMango1]

Thanks sir 🥰

[@wbreslyn]

Most welcome

[@ianpaulanthonycuyos9647]

Or I could just subtract the atomic number of the transition metal to the atomic number of the noble gas before that transition metal?

[@ianpaulanthonycuyos9647]

Then adjust later depending on the charge

[@جنى-ب9ذ]

i fucking love you bro thank u so much

[@kushagra9781]

What about case of silver?

[@wbreslyn]

Here you go! kzbin.info/www/bejne/Y56zgZelequgbrM

[@kushagra9781]

@@wbreslyn thnx🙂

[@BDachille]

short answer at 4:50

[@14-dibyajitmandal45]

Someone please help me... What does 's,p,d' stand for?

[@wbreslyn]

This guy's video is good: kzbin.info/www/bejne/eYGWZoGrqNV6os0

[@professionalr8171]

🏆

[@vanshikaa1011]

WHAT ABOUT VALENCY SIR?

[@canadiancookiee3939]

How can you have 9 ve. I thought max was 8 for octet.

[@wbreslyn]

There are many exceptions to the octet rule. Expanded octets are actually fairly common. See Exceptions to the Octet Rule: kzbin.info/www/bejne/epzNXoaDd7GEsK8

[@charidias9132]

award from me👏🙏

[@wbreslyn]

😎

[@K.B399]

What about copper ?

[@wbreslyn]

Here you go: kzbin.info/www/bejne/gqnOYWxpjNp0d9U

[@lebranttt7592]

Cant you just do "Elektrons from element - Elektrons noble gase = valence elektrons of the element"

[@retrosynthdid4476]

then why does Cd have 2 electrons? shouldn't it have 10

[@vincentagustin510]

Cadmium is [Kr] 4d10 5s2, by default, it should have a total of 12 valence electrons. However, in reality the 4d orbit having 10 electrons makes it very stable, which means it likely won't lose those 10 electrons. Therefore, the only valence electrons are the 2 from the 5s orbit.

[@abdelhameedsalah5910]

The d subshell must have 10 valence electrons to go after it?

[@wbreslyn]

d can hold up to ten electrons. For transition metals the d subhell is incomplete (or it forms cations with an incomplete d subshell).

[@abdelhameedsalah5910]

@@wbreslyn I understand thanks, I appreciate helping me in my after tomorrow final🙏

[@abdelhameedsalah5910]

@@wbreslyn how can I know num of electrons in d subshell?

[@wbreslyn]

@@abdelhameedsalah5910 You'd have to write the electron configuration. For example: kzbin.info/www/bejne/fpS7m2lmmLiIjpY

[@wbreslyn]

@@abdelhameedsalah5910 All the best on your final!

[@aronsayas9051]

how come Ni has 2 valence?

[@vincentagustin510]

Nickel is [Ar] 4s2 3d8, in theory the total is 10 valence electrons, which is a valid answer. However, some scientists say that since the oxidation state of Nickel doesn't go beyond 4, the 8 in the 3d orbit will not give up for bonding. Which means that there are only 2 valence electrons (from 4s orbit). Please check with your professor to verify which answer is correct.

[@mayankghare7369]

🤯

[@rigel50]

I swear, i wouldn't search google for studies. They said 29 valence electrons for Fe. Tf!?

[@shobhak8783]

Thanx

[@wbreslyn]

👍

[@Mentalstrength647]

👍

[@wbreslyn]

Thanks!

[@oscaraucoin2384]

this doesn't work for Cd

[@MHlTE]

Explain?

[@Truth_Çkr]

This is not a challenging thing to explain or understand. Why don’t we learn this is regular chemistry???

[@cockyconnor9472]

Just count backwards lol.

[@umaygaming6357]

2021