How to make flat boards straight, smooth and square (stock preparation part 2) | Paul Sellers

In this video Paul Sellers shows how to prepare a flat smooth board from rough stock. He does this with winding sticks and a no. 4 plane.
Part 1 is here: • How to make square sto...
Someone asked about the can Paul uses to lubricate the sole of the plane. You can find out how to make one here:
paulsellers.com...
To find out more about Paul Sellers and the projects he is involved with visit paulsellers.com

[@Paul.Sellers]

We've added English subtitles to this video. We work hard to reach as many people around the world and help them learn woodworking. We need your help to translate our videos subtitles to your language and progress our work. Please contribute translations here: kzbin.info_cs_panel?tab=2&c=UCc3EpWncNq5QL0QhwUNQb7w

[@tobiasdegner5526]

Paul Seller is the best teacher in woodworking ever ! (Excause my bad english, I am german)

[@nathanhitt8229]

What kind of oil do you use in the can I've heard of people using. Paraffin wax as well

[@Paul.Sellers]

3 in 1 light machine oil

[@bigal6667]

Paul. You should do an updated one.

[@josemanuellopezarnal6842]

Congratulations!. Your natural and seemilly ocasional way of explaining all the tricks of the trade is unique. Many thanks.

[@lacerda6500]

I watched an hour of a man smoothing a piece of wood. I dont know why. Well at least its better than watching tv. Any way great video Paul.

[@moonblink]

1:44am .. oddly satisfying.

[@RandomPerson-bd2hv]

Listen for the swoosh. :)

[@MarcoACasco]

Lovely work....I am a Medical Doctor, I was sent a whole year to a very small town in Central America, they had no electricity, whenever I had a chance, I would go watch carpenters work, the whole process was just incredible, taking the tree down, hand sawing it into whatever pieces they needed, and then making furniture.....tables, doors, etc. no power tools !!!!! They were always talking, sometimes singing, or telling jokes, and most of all...sweating. I got myself some tools, made a wooden box and learned the basic stuff from them, I love wood working........35 years have gone by, still love wood working, still trying to convince myself not to buy a jointer/planer.....great videos you have.....Thanks.

[@btt8410]

Which little town in which country You're talking about Marco? If I may ask.

[@Tikorous]

What a great story where you mentioned being a doctor for absolutely no reason. Next time let me know how you like your eggs too, that'll really give me context

[@Vlfkfnejisjejrjtjrie]

@@Tikorous and he capitalized the words too. 🤣🤣🤣

[@gbwildlifeuk8269]

@@Tikorous he was sent to a very small town in Central America because he was a doctor. Hence the reason to mention it. They wouldnt have sent him if he was a carpenter would they? They had some of those!

[@gbwildlifeuk8269]

@@Vlfkfnejisjejrjtjrie if its used as a title, (Medical Doctor) or a name, (Mr Smith) then its capitalised.

[@r.rodriguez4991]

I remember the first time I saw Paul saw a straight line down the length of a board by hand and it blew me away. I honestly thought that wasn't possible. Because of him I don't need anything but a saw and a plane to get a board the way I need it.

[@JimSollows]

Paul, I can't thank you enough. I've always struggled with flattening and straightening boards. It was always a loosing battle. Watching this video ... now I get it. Just got back in from the workshop with my first board successfully flattened and straightened!!

[@deezynar]

I love that you demonstrate this on a piece of hardwood, & speak about how much effort it is. It's also great you picked a board with cup, bow, and twist. In the US, we use the term "against the grain" where you're saying "end grain." We use "end grain" solely for the end of a board. You say your planes aren't special, but they're pre-1960s Stanleys that you've tuned. You can't buy those at the hardware store, but I appreciate you telling us we don't need expensive boutique tools.

[@omightyyoda]

Legend says, the shavings from this board alone were used to make 100 IKEA desks :)

[@johnbesharian9965]

LOL! Being the oddball that I am, I "Evened up" the upvote count to 50.

[@alsmith1025]

30 years ago i used to look at my father like he was crazy when he force me to learn about hand tools. Especially the Plane. And i wondered why when he had electric planers, both hand and table top. I look back now and I am extremely grateful for everything I learned. There is skill that you will Never learn with electric tools. Thanks for this video.

[@Tikorous]

He didn't teach you to work with stone tools? There is skill that you will never learn with modern steels

[@nafs53]

@@Tikorous Grime's Graves, near Thetford in Norfolk; the B&Q of the Stone Age. I still go there for bargain offers; flint scrapers a speciality..😆

[@musicbro8225]

@@Tikorous Is that all you got? The guy tells a story from his life that makes him happy and you tear it down cause you're the authority on whatever you like right? Oh I get it you don't like hand tools haha... Got it lol What do you even know about skill?

[@wranglerstar]

Another great video. Thank you Paul,

[@demilledanon5917]

This may seem like an awful lot of work to most folks but I have tried to get the same result with sanding blocks and sand paper. I will never try to use sand paper to true up a nice piece of Oak again. I am shopping for a set of planes after watching some of your videos, Mr. Sellers. I have learned a great deal from your videos, thank you for sharing your knowledge with us.

[@joshjenkinson1929]

I’d rather kill myself than use sandpaper to level a piece of hardwood. You’d be there for a decade!

[@NicoleHernandezOnline]

Great video Paul, you're an amazing guy showing how to do that all the way through.

[@DwightMS1]

Well I've been watching you work for a couple of weeks, and I now understand; your approach doesn't necessitate patience, it requires passion.

[@robinalexander5772]

It is a pleasure to watch a master at work. Cheers from Tasmania

[@Barrygee]

I have to say I find watching Paul work extremely therapeutic in the same way that watching Bob Ross paint did....there's just something about watching them work that relaxes me

[@jeffdustin]

tiny little shavings

[@horsetowater]

love how you restore and maintain older planes etc instead of desking out your shelves with bright and shiny new stuff. it's a testemant to the tool and the user! and makes it more achievable for me to get some different planes!

[@brianmiller9365]

Thank you so much. For me, seeing is believing. Believing I can do this. Love the demo along with your vocal tips and "thinking out loud". This is just premium, premium content. I try and absorb as much as I can but I'll be viewing this again and again as I move along. Wonderful.

[@ronin4711]

I got to give Kudos to him, quite stamina on Paul. Usually he works on pine, this one, red Oak is a different ball game. Great job despite the Jack Asses who gave him thumbs down, I wonder why, actually I wish that they would explain this unless it's just in spite !!! That's wrong, this great Craftsman is trying to teach us how to use hand tools and show us the possibilities but, some people are just bad!

[@Mavermick1]

+ronin4711 I think sometimes thumbs down happen accidentally on mobile devices, I know I have done it a couple of times. Personally I would like to see the thumbs up/down removed - as a mouse click doesn't do justice to the effort of making high quality (and free!) videos.

[@ronin4711]

You are perfectly right. On the other hand, some idiots should be totally banned from posting videos! I think that thumb up/down should be justified by a comment but, there are comments that make no sense tottaly.

[@MMOGood2Go]

LiveSteamLMS If you click/tap the like or dislike button again, it removes the choice.

[@timking1050]

ronin4711 yes he is dam good

[@ScrapwoodCity]

Awesome tutorial as always, thanks for sharing

[@pjculbertson55]

"Glides like a swan on the lake." I love watching you work. Almost meditative.

[@LennyPane89]

the Bob Ross of woodworking!

LennyPane89 Exactly my thoughts. :)

[@Frankowillo]

No, the Paul Sellers of woodworking.

[@stefanopassiglia]

One of the best video on the subject. Thanks.

[@Spills51]

19:41 Thats why I love woodworking! Spent too many years (still am) in a factory making the most monotonous enclosures day after day. I always look forward to getting out so I can do whatever Im currently doing woodworking. Not sure why, I think its the creativity and constant learning that makes it so great....building something from nothing. But seeing Paul plane and putting in so much effort....te guy has done this for 50 years and to hear him say how much fun it is to simply plane across the grain makes me smile....its the simple things.

[@mrmroberts123]

Makes perfect sense. Paul you are a master of your craft!

[@memyselfandeye1234]

Memories flooding back from this vid from school, learning of my dad and uncle to. :) Extremely informative well and made videos. Thank You Kindly to all Involved. Peace n love all stay safe PiP

[@AlexEllis]

What were the two smaller planes?

[@johnbesharian9965]

@@AlexEllis, Two Stanley No. 4's. One set up as a normal smoothing plane while the other one is set up as a scrub plane with the blade heavily cambered (curved cutting edge), the cap iron set back an 8th of an inch from the blade's cutting edge and the frog set a little further back for more clearance for the thicker shavings it produces.

[@87_North]

man, as someone who primarily uses just power tools, i respect the hell out of these guys who use only hand tools still.

[@johndonnelly336]

An absolute joy to watch 👍

[@ramonching7772]

Paul used a difficult board for demo. It got cupping and twist and intersecting end grains. We got a full course. Thank you. But it sure is hard work. A beautiful board.

[@tomeberhard74]

Very nice explanation on how to read the grain on this piece of oak. Thanks!

[@rcfriscoflyer]

Spot on Lad! Most excellent demonstration.

[@SerhatAkiska]

Dear Paul, you have converted a retired architect into a woodworker, who wants to be like "Paul" one day, hopefully. After I had my white oak cut down (was leaning towards my good neighbor's driveway), I kept three 23" diameter, 4-5ft long trunks. With a help of a good friend and using a chainsaw mill, we sliced ca. 25 slabs varying in thickness 2" to 4". They are stickered now and I am waiting for them to dry. This is the only way for me to describe how much you influenced me and I am thankful to you for it. At this point, I need to ask for your advice again: Once the wood is dry, I will need additional planes (in addition to my Stanley Bailey #4 and a scrub plane) to flatten, trueing, squaring, etc. and some appropriate saws. What would you recommend, what would be your next step? I have a long list of furniture requests for my two grandchildren and I would like to be prepared and ready when my white oak is ready to work on. Your reply and suggestions will be highly appreciated. Thank you in advance!!

[@charlesfazio2015]

Reminds me of the early years as an apprentice in the early 60s.....we did alot of hand sawing and planing

[@robertpatrene2540]

I learned so much more by repeatedly watching this over & over again.👏🇺🇸

[@bootlegnjack]

Same I’m a few times in!

[@don-maitlandfl2701]

I love the whole video... especially when he says "I'm going to rip this down and stay away from my line by a1/16 of an inch" then does just that. And when he flips the board to make the second cut it meets the first cut dead on (at 31:43)

[@dixie_rekd9601]

its an old carpenters skill, applying slight twist to the saw to keep on the cut line... and as long as the line is straight theres no reason why the cut shouldnt meet up :) tricks like this are vanishing since people are always using power tools.

[@Aubreykun]

From what I read, marking all areas of where the saw will touch using a gauge can create a groove or weak point for the saw to follow, allowing you to cut straighter.

[@adrianhillary7300]

If yours is the drunken sailor, mine is the mate hanging off his shoulder. If you do learn the trick, let me know.

[@ekw555]

but he's not cutting ON the line, he's cutting 1/16" to the side of it.

[@738polarbear]

Mine is the second mate dragging behind the first two .ha ha .

[@ianthewonderful]

"This is wonderful exercise" ...... Wow, I got out of breath just watching you :)

[@SquireDAF]

Love the videos, a joy to see things being done without powertools, yes a jointer/planing machine can do this type of job in very little time , but the people saying that totally missing the point totally, people that want to do things this way will either do it for the enjoyment of working by hand, they can't afford a room full of one trick ponies or just don't have the space. No matter what a lot of the muppets commenting on this video telling him to use powertools, think of it like this Paul has forgotten more about woodwork than most of you will ever know!

[@blosom2315]

have you priced a good plane lately? they aren't exactly cheap. I have to agree with the idea that the purpose of this video is over most peoples heads. he's not out there bidding on jobs or in an environment where he has to compete for work. he's just a guy in his shop doing what he likes. planes are oddly therapeutic to me haha. you get in a zone and the worries of the day just disappear.

[@kleinjohn9]

blosom2315 well, you are right, a new plane from, lets say Veritas or Lee Nielsen is a quite expensive tool (for the hobbyist). But even in Germany, the land of wooden planes, you are able to get an old Stanley Nr 4 in good condition on Ebay for 40 bucks, and in most of his videos, Mr. Sellers is hardly using anything else (or you can just use the wooden ones like generation of master craftsmen before you and get away with even less money). Add two saws, a few chisels and some sharpening equipment and it will still be way cheaper than a table saw, a chop saw, a router with some decent bits, a jointer and a thickness planer, which you would need to accomplish the same variety of tasks. And theres is another thing: If you love your hobby, no matter if its woodworking, fishing, stamps, cars or some sports, you will probably end up spending a serious amount of money over the years, anyway ;) The really really great thing about Mr. Sellers Videos is, that they encourage the beginning woodworker to get started!! A lot of videos here on youtube, as well as magazines and books, make you think that you need a fully equiped shop with high end tools (no matter if you want to work plugged or unplugged) and a garage full of expensive hardwoods before you can do so much as building a picture frame...

[@tag_of_frank]

I feel like I have to do this just to learn to work with wood. If you can do this, you can do anything

[@nononunu9847]

@@blosom2315 I'm answering this 6 years later but anyway, added to money there's space. Not everybody can dedicate a full room or a garage to table tools and the like. But a few hand tools ? Most people can store them even in a flat.

[@Claudisimooo]

I remember triying to do this using only a Number 4 plane until I realize that the concept of scrub plane even existed. I was already wondering if I was doing something wrong at the time. Thanks for all your videos.

[@Paul.Sellers]

Thanks bikemandan510. Jffry Vsk, I placed a link in the comments with a link to a blog post where I talk about the can stuffed with a rag and some 3 in 1 oil that I use in the video.

[@thomastieffenbacherdocsava1549]

Thanks for picking a "bad board." LOL!

[@Paul.Sellers]

Hmm, you are right there is a naming inconsistency. We have fixed it now. Part 1 is called "How to make square stock straight, smooth and square (stock preparation part 1) - with Paul Sellers".

[@yussufbagus3039]

Paul, I think the line is "Be ye not a fared?" From Richard the III. Nice job giving us both cultural and mechanical knowledge, Bless you Sir!!

[@_ClericalError_]

Yussuf Bagus In Texas a lot of folks have stickers in their truck windows that say "Ain't skeered" I presume this is what Paul is referencing.

[@TermiteUSA]

@@_ClericalError_ lol Skeered means scared not skewed.

[@SmallWorkshopGuy]

With cheap benchtop jointer not working so well (probably an issue with operator error or setup inadequacy), I am finding myself going to hand planes more and more often to fine tune my boards and I keep searching for your videos on whatever I am trying to do and you never fail to give me exactly the information I need. So.... back to my workshop and of course my first course of action will be to sharpen my planes and chisels as always. Thanks, Paul - hope you are enjoying your life back in England.

[@CitroTeam]

Fantastic video. I love this channel. Only found today.

[@coffeeabernethy2823]

I like your videos and your channel... but have you considered getting a pet hamster to go with all those wood shavings?

[@Paul.Sellers]

no, but they work well for my chicken nest boxes and keep the coop clean.

[@fridunanti]

Hi Paul, where you buy the grease/wax? In Japan, they water soak the difficult areas with sponge and wait for 15 minutes. Then, they do not get tear out. It is pleasure to see you working.Jiri

[@MrVertigoHD]

Ahh thank you heaps! I want to ditch the power tools for instrument making but they're just so convenient, especially for a beginner but hand working allows much more control over the amount you take off.

[@WolfieVenturi]

Thank you very much! This is great.

[@fatroberto3012]

It makes me laugh that people will buy power tools and a gym membership. It's a bit like the cyclists who buy a bike to get fit and then spend £7000 getting the lightest bike ever made.

[@thomastieffenbacherdocsava1549]

Paul, I missed this one and glad I found it. I am working on lumber I've milled and sort of stumbling with Murphy teaching me. The grain changes and surface variances are pretty extreme in my chainsaw mill work. Thanks!

[@rolloverriderpgr]

3 in One? That's what I've been using as I was heating up my 22" serrated and that made it glide like that swan and use it on all of my planes and my saws damaged from floods. They are still pitted after restoring them but I needed a little saw left so I'll live with the drag but they do still cut like a plane with my lightly soaked rag of 3 in One which I keep in a big tuna fish can. That is my "wipe all steel tools rag" that sits on my tool bench.

[@HibikiKano]

I have just spent 5 hours on planing an oak board. Then another hour watching this video, hope it will help shave off some time from straightening the next board today. Will keep you posted :)

[@brianmckay1256]

Hi paul, you have a beautiful way of working and a very gentle voice. I find watching you work is so incredibly relaxing and also inspiring.

[@casperj.b.1705]

Very informative. And abit funny 27.40..."Im dead square and straight".

[@28gwdavies]

Thank you so much for this video. I've made some garden furniture in the past which had a rustic look, although it wasn't meant to. I could never get 2 lengths of wood to lie parallel to each other due to the inaccuracy of my table and band saw. (never used hand tools) I've moved away from machines now and am buying second hand, hand tools. I find that the 'work out' I'm getting from restoring and using them (thanks to your videos) is doing me a power of good and I'm also getting better results! I've never bought any timber, I used to have a free supply of 7ft x 4" x 2" 'skids' off wagons but that has now dried up so I might have to start buying it when I can afford to. I love it when you put a bit of humor in the videos, it's very dry and hard to spot but always makes me laugh, I think its important to have fun, I always manage it even though I'm on my own in the shed, the dog thinks I'm crackers.... I look forward to watching all your videos in the future.

[@Cowmageddon]

Paul, please would you consider doing another video on stock preparation? Every time I plane something it just seems to make something else worse and so I'm always chasing my tail. An idiot's guide video that breaks the whole thing down into analysing a board's cup, bow and twist and how to systematically remove them step by step would be greatly appreciated.

[@Hudson4426]

So I see you removed the cup and the twist... but I’m failing to understand how you removed the bow over the length of the piece?

[@MamaShorty]

Since childhood I've been fascinated by traditional methods of woodworking... but that was a "boy" thing in my hometown so I didn't get to pursue it. As an adult I couldn't find anyone who did traditional toolwork, it was all power tools, and I quit considering it. I just found your channel. This is a true dream come true for me... and this video triggered a comment. You picked one stubborn twisted, cupped, wavy board. You got out of breath and your arms got a little worn out. You showed it! You showed it's not as easy as you make it seem... and that genuine aspect gives me hope. Even if my arms get weak and I have to pause for a bit, I can still work the wood and make a beautiful silky smooth square board too. Thank you, as so many others have said, for passing on this knowledge to those who don't have a mentor or anyone to pass it on to them directly. Silversmithing was a family trade that was lost 2 generations ago, much to my dismay. Maybe I can start a new one to pass down.

[@nathanbame4198]

I like how he uses such common hand tools like a Stanley no 4 to do such fine work. It makes it look so much more accessible to the average person.

[@MrRichot]

Upper body exercise again good man. I think of what you said about getting "exercise" Evert time I use me plane I feel its doing me good !! Great vid thanks.

[@rickyandreannotonegoro6354]

I really love it when you say "i'm dead straight..." "ooh it feels good... '' sometimes i hit the fast forward button just to see the points. and this nice oldman succeded make me push the backward button for few times.lol thankyou for sharing Mr. Paul

[@spy1946]

enjoy your videos, really knowledgeable. Thank you.

[@marcussellers5860]

Great video. Unfortunately, the audio disappears around the 22:52 mark.

[@knowlesbagwell]

Yes, I grew up in Texas and I did learn to say "a'feared!"

[@andreabussotti8116]

Great Paul very beautiful video. Yours advice are very useful. Yesterday I flattened my first board of Ash tree with my new "old Stanley #4 and #6. It was a good experience, the job was long around 3 hours. I'm very happy because I worked with old blades not sharp, but the result it was great the same, the surface was very smooth.

[@johnbesharian9965]

Sharpening them, then, will open up a whole new world of possibilities for you.

[@joelverola521]

Technology will make things faster. But i realized this time that joy of slow work, small things, quality time, and love of sweat, no technology can substitute.

[@Tikorous]

And then came VR porn

[@trevsmith4605]

I never get bored of watching your work Paul, brilliant learning from a master, Thanks

[@ahmadrashid2166]

Good work please continue

[@jimbo2629]

I would love a discussion about why people skew the plane, it’s pros and cons.

[@johnbesharian9965]

Depends on the hardness and the direction of the grain. Skewing the plane presents the blade at an angle to the wood, much like an up or down-cut router bit does, instead of cutting square into the problem area, you slice into it instead. (In a way, its like the difference between chopping meat with a cleaver, for example and slicing it with a chef's knife.)

[@musicbro8225]

@@johnbesharian9965 So well answered! Like dragging the blade of a chisel slightly sideways and suddenly it starts moving into the wood. So it's minimizing tool pressure and so minimizing tear out (of corners and opposing grain). But there is an element of deflection going on, so the tool pressure is being diverted sideways such that the grains are all pushed sideways into a bunch where they are more restricted and can't tear out so they stand strongly in place while the blade slices into them.

[@ainitisexainou8196]

I have learned so many things from you sir. Thank you very much for your videos!

[@1959Berre]

Some kinds of very beautiful wood are barely impossible to plane. Hard as concrete, very rough, twirly grain running in every possible direction, breaking out. How do you deal with that? I would like to know the names of those 'impossible' wood sorts.

[@rickgoebel6724]

That is a real workout. That board had to be the pick of the litter. Cupped. Warped. Twisted. Cathedral pattern. Oak. Good for demonstrating the things we should know and done in which sequence.

[@76irodriguez]

What kind of oil you use on your "oiler" rag to coat the planes? I am very new at this woodworking and don't really know much. Thanks for your excellent videos. Very instructional.

[@imager8763]

Great videos! I learned a lot! For us beginners, could you mention which plane (ie. #4) you are using?

[@TeamProsperity]

Paul, you’re wearing me out! I need a nap 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣

[@benperry8350]

Great video, knowing first hand how hard it is to run long stock through an electric jointer this technique is something I NEED to learn. Flatten one side by hand and run the other side through an electric planer........hybrid woodworker? I've also passed up some really cool looking wood because of twist and cup etc etc, I'm all in on learning more with hand tools. Thanks for the video.

[@ga5743]

You Sir are a total inspiration, thank you for the effort in making all your videos.

[@allanhundeby1675]

Your camera operator deserves kudos too, Paul. Stellar work in capturing how your movements affect the wood. This really facilitates our learning. Thank you!

[@jons9626]

Chava Flores, I would say you definetly need a no. 6 or 7 plane at some point, unless all your stock is farely short. The no 4 will only straighten maybe 24'' or so and then the little guy just kind of rides the hills and valleys of the wood. If you are going to be truing up boards 4' or greater, you do need a longer plane. I highly recommend Chris Scharz's "Handplane Essentials" for about 22 dollars, it is an excellent book.

[@ardvarkkkkk1]

jon s Watch Paul's workbench video. He levels the entire top using a number 4.

[@aDotFromTheFuture]

+jon s You definitely don't need any longer plane than the #5 1/2, and even the #4 is good enough for most things. The jointer planes rarely even stay perfectly straight for long, which kind of makes them do the opposite you want them to.

[@he2525]

Truly amazing.

[@alanmumford8806]

I'm out of breath just watching you! Clearly, I need more planing practice! ;-)

[@helensnz]

My father was a carpenter, old school. Watching you makes me think of him and the passion he had for woodwork. Master craftsman both and a pleasure to watch you work. I hope you weren't too exhausted and sore after that workout! Thank you

[@buckeyejake9014]

What an outstanding video! Thank you Mr. Sellers for your hard work and exceptional instruction. Absolutely loved that you took the time to pencil outline the grain, showing how to properly read the grain. God Bless you Sir.

[@elguitarolerno]

I tend to use my no8 Stanley for everything big or small, needless to say I have strong arms lol

[@aaljabri7524]

00:53 cup, bow, and twist

[@joergwiesmann4261]

.....thank YOU soooo much !! I'm not a professinal ... this is e very difficult work !!! but YOU are always kinde with You explenatinos !!! THANK YOU VERY MUCH !!! kind rigards from Switzerland !!!

[@matteoarpc]

It should be illegal for political attack ads to play during a wonderful video such as this. "Swoosh, church bells, swoosh... YOU AND YOUR FAMILY WILL DIE IF YOU VOTE FOR THE OTHER GUY!"

[@MrBobyoung58]

Paul I admire all your efforts and your videos and you make it all look so easy. But I'm handicapped to a point that I can not stand and do any planning as you can, so can you tell me if there are other ways to accomplish the same effect as you get. I've even thought about going about it as the japanese woodworker do their way. Have you ever assisted a handicapped woodworker in working out their problems?

[@glenmcwhorter]

I know this is three years late but take a look at roman work benches, the kind you sit on. Lots of videos on them on KZbin and actually Paul does a video for how to make a sawhorse with the angled legs, which could be scaled up and used as a roman style workbench. You just put your wood on the bench, sit on it (that's your "clamp!") and off you go with your plane. You could of course chop and chisel and saw from this position as well. I am considering building one myself as I have a bad back and when it starts acting up I could continue planing on the low bench while sitting.

[@JohanLarssonKiruna]

The end result is of course very good, but it hurts seeing the man hunched over and reaching all across to the other side of the workbench for each stroke with the plane. Strangely inefficient and awkward. I just came across this old video on the subject of flattening and truing stock, which I find refreshing. I would like to see him finish with a smoother, but the general procedure is done in a methodical way, effective and fast: kzbin.info/www/bejne/aJCcZ5qEgrKWlck

[@PapaJoeWalsh]

Always a delight to watch Paul achieve amazing results using basic tools with a wealth of skill, knowledge and experience. Not forgetting passion! Thanks for posting.

[@think2086]

Half of me is thinking, "that looks satisfying and like the exercise I need." The other half of is thinking, "oh, so that's why we should use power tools."

[@glennrowinski8682]

Paul, I see you made this video years ago. Sorry, I’m late. I started woodworking years ago, but that was in Germany, where there was a machine to do everything. My work ad a beginner and as perfect (or the machine’s 8”I should say.) Decades later, I find it better to work by hand.., but what lessons I have not had, So, thank you as I begin Chapter 2.., making a lot of wisps and firewood for now. But will keep at it. And to that thank you for the videos.

[@craigmayall7513]

I understand why. I think I made the leap to the next stage. Thanks Paul.

[@jpeood32]

Hi Paul, a former resident of Texas here, I get the reference. I'm guilty of using afeared in the past, haha. I now live in Virginia, Born in New Mexico and raised on the west coast, Seattle, and San Francisco. I'm a recent devotee of your channel and I was wondering if you might recommend the first two planes that I should add to my collection. I recently purchased a #4 harbour freight plane for $13. I did it as an experiment so I could understand the difference between good and bad planes. This one is BAD. I am giving it a new life by refining the sole and taking care of all the needed flat and sharp surfaces. I'm inexperienced with hand tools but learning fast with this cheap plane. in the distant past, I have had a shopsmith 5. It was fun but a hassle despite its versatility. I really enjoy the organic relationship with wood doing as much as I can by hand now.

[@tomlowday2079]

Paul these are such great videos, i am desperate to have a go once i have found some space to put a work bench. Your videos are really inspiring and i have learnt so much from them. I have made a table before using power tools and have no idea how i would have the stamina to do it like you do. If you look at the old furniture in the national trust houses in england it blows your mind how skilled the woodworkers were hundreds of years ago, using techniques just like this. thank you

[@ronin4711]

+Tom Lowday Tom, simple baby steps...you don't create a wood-shop in a day! If you follow Paul's videos, he shows from the outmost basic, how to prepare stock wood to more complex cabinetry and other useful stuff with the MOST basic amount of hand tools, no need to INVEST heavy right from the beginning in a shop, pay attention to what he uses and not the vast tool collection in his background that he almost NEVER TOUCHES... Remember, you can always buy more tools that you will never ever use...good luck.

[@johnbesharian9965]

@@ronin4711, "You can never have 'Enough' tools, 'Enough' room, or 'Enough' money for it all."🤩

[@TeamProsperity]

I’m trying to master the hand plane. Bought a set of Woodriver #3,4,5,6. I sharpened the iron and got the #5 scary sharp. I can shave with it. I put it back in and tried it and it wasn’t cutting very well and I’m like what the heck. I had the chipper ahead of the iron 🤣🤣🤣 corrected that, set the chipper back about a 32nd from the iron and tried it and it cuts nicely but I don’t see how you guys can square the edge of a board with one?

[@jessekayne178]

Paul, thank you so very much for this and your other videos! You are such an inspiration to me. Your zest for wood and love of the craft is contagious. These videos are as useful to me as my beloved 5 and a half! And your videos are free. So please make as many as you can and I will enjoy them all! If i have you explaining and showing me how to do this stuff, I can make anything out of wood. My patrons rant about the quality and craftsmanship I put into my projects and I feel it is necessary to properly thank one of my favorite coaches! May the grain be with you, my friend!

[@johnbesharian9965]

" ... May the grain be with you ... "? [The wood is strong in that one.]

[@darrylportelli]

hi paul, for the purpose of joinery, does the 2nd face and 2nd edge need to be perfectly paralell to the 1st face and first edge (the reference face and edge) ? ... if you are going to use ONLY the reference face and edge for marking (which I think is very good practice even if using power tools and you have perfect S4S lumber) , the 2nd face and edge in my mind dont need to be perfectly paralell and dead flat as they are not being referenced

[@musicbro8225]

Beautiful wood! If you convince yourself that the high is actually low, you can start to see a cavern where it gets darker inside :)

[@williamang9649]

I will try and get it right, I have a plank that's cup. M mid 20 I have my life ahead to learn. Didn't stop me from learning everyday though

[@naldaceo]

buen trabajo maestro.

[@perinettiguitars8241]

Amazing videos, im a luthier and ive learned a lot from your videos, thanks for sharing all your knowledge

[@jlhuk52]

Just given me another excuse to buy another plane! I need a scrub no 4! Is the long plane a 5 1/2 or 6?