How to remove hum from your turntable

Got hum? And check out our newest KZbin channel / @octaverecordsanddsdst... Octave Records.

[@normannicolai3773]

This was,by far, the most informative and useful explanation of ground “noise” from turntables that I have ever seen or read. Great video!

[@areshz8577]

People like you, sir, makes the Internet a better place. Thanks a lot!

[@iramemphis4968]

I guess im asking the wrong place but does someone know a way to log back into an Instagram account..? I was stupid lost my login password. I love any assistance you can give me.

[@kaidendominic897]

@Ira Memphis instablaster =)

[@iramemphis4968]

@Kaiden Dominic I really appreciate your reply. I got to the site through google and I'm waiting for the hacking stuff atm. Seems to take quite some time so I will reply here later when my account password hopefully is recovered.

[@iramemphis4968]

@Kaiden Dominic It did the trick and I finally got access to my account again. I'm so happy! Thanks so much, you really help me out !

[@kaidendominic897]

@Ira Memphis glad I could help xD

[@JCMCentAus]

It’s nice to hear a knowledgeable person explain a problem in plain language. Thanks.

[@mistermister8]

Watching this and just getting the difference between HUM & BUZZ is worth it's weight in gold. Thanks for making this video Paul. Really appreciated.

[@PonySlaystati0n]

Thank you mate, purchased new studio monitors and thought there was an issue with them. Changed the cables so there was distance between the speakers and turntables, hum gone. Legend!

[@ArrogantBaSStard]

I recently started having huge hum when trying to play my TT. My TT is on a shelf right below my 64” smart TV we just got. I didn’t have a hum until we got this new TV. With the older TV, no hum. Must be the new TV given the only change. Thank you Paul!

[@rachele7864]

Thank you for mentioning your how to guide on your website! We just moved our record player console and it started buzzing. First recommendation was to make sure it wasn’t next to other equipment interfering with the signal-and that was it! So glad we didn’t have to open it up and mess with it.

[@cars654]

Another great post Paul, explained ground loops and difference in potential. Had a friend with a ground loop and it was a cold solder joint in his integrated amp. phono stage.

[@nathantimothymusic]

Thank you so much! Very helpful and sorted my amplifier 'buzz' problem over here in Kent UK! Best wishes, Nathan

[@daryx.langdale]

Im glad i clicked on this video. Explaining the likely source of the different types of interference and what they sound like (and what Hz!) pretty quickly answered an important question I didn't know needed answering. Nicely explained.

[@paulaj2829]

i also found that if the wires were to close together it made a hum.. but now i have earthed properly i have no problems at all.. great video again Paul. 3 yrs late in watching but still find everything mindblowing & always interesting .. Paul

[@fogandthehunters]

Thank you very much for this. Two minutes in to the tutorial I discovered why I had hum that overpowered any joy from the record. Many thanks. Ben

[@shawnwhalen8314]

Thanks Paul love your videos, I mostly tinker with mid-fi gear.... vintage A/D/S and Polk Speakers, Luxman, Kenwood , Marantz Amps, preamps, etc, mostly CD'S these days. Just started the digital, Bluetooth thing I call it. I still haven't advanced from The late 70's mid 80's....LoL. Thanks for taking your time to share information.

[@codyknoxable]

I thought I was going nuts! Plugged my receiver into the same outlet as the turntable and buzz was reduced greatly. THANK YOU!!!!

[@harryrammer]

Love listening to this guy, very easy on the ear and informative...I’m from Liverpool!

[@InsideOfMyOwnMind]

I wish I could hear you speak. I love the accent from there.

[@emilandmelanie]

Wow, great job in describing all the issues in laymen terms! I feel well educated on this topic now!

[@peterdrews1109]

Thanks for taking the time to make these videos.

[@BryanHalo123]

Thank you so much. I was ready to toss the beautiful B&O turntable I was given. I feel so dumb not knowing what to do with the ground wire. Now I get sweet sounds.

[@APaulMyers]

Thank you so much, Paul. I plugged my preamp into a different outlet and the humming stopped.

[@suprael]

Thanks for the careful explanation! Cheers from Brazil.

[@duaneandloribrown4526]

WOW - Hooked up the ground wire and now it sounds so smooth. Thank you so much Paul.

[@mariocassar3117]

Hello Paul, you’re an excellent asset to your company. Congrats.

[@thatcoolkidjd]

i cant believe all i had to do was give the turntable more space to get rid of the hum .. thank you so much!

[@sidvicious3129]

Hi, Paul, I had this problem, I had my turntable grounded to the phono preamp, but I was hearing radio station feedback through my system. This only happened when I played vinyl. I ended up taking another ground wire and going from my phono preamp to my regular preamp and this stopped the radio interference. I did this as an experiment, because my local dealer couldn't figure it out.

[@cedfan1]

Greetings from Vancouver 🇨🇦 Thank you very much for posting your video. You've been Super helpful.

[@skylerlocati8294]

My god, I've been educated. Didn't realize that was a ground wire. Thank you!

[@tjingboem5447]

With the aid of your HowTo samples i was able to detect the hum issue i had. And was able to eliminate this by adding a cable from the motor part to the ground of the 240V! Now it is all oh so quiet- except for the music of course....Thanks!

[@paulaj2829]

100% respect sir.. but i loved the way you explained the hum & buzz.. because i thought you did very well by not bursting out laughing when making the great sounds you make.. so thank you again Paul from another person who can see that you enjoy yourself.. Paul

[@Paulmcgowanpsaudio]

Thanks! Much appreciated.

[@jimwatson8758]

Excellent representations of buzz and hum!

[@TheRealMarkS]

Thanks for this video. After putting my SL-DD22 back in service, I've had a slight buzz (only audible when in "Phono" mode at higher volumes with no music playing). I verified all grounds to everything, and no joy. Thanks to this video and one of the posters below, it turned out to be my (presumably) cheapo RCA cable from the table to the NAD 1600. Replaced them with some massively thick shielded cables, and no more buzz! 😃👍👍

[@alejoniux]

Greetings from Cuba, your post helped me a lot with my new (but old AIWA D-50) turntable. Thanks a lot!

[@Paulmcgowanpsaudio]

Cuba! Wow. Thanks for reaching out. Your country seems so far away yet we know it is near. Be well and I hope to someday visit.

[@alejoniux]

PS Audio you are welcome any time. Not that far, musically speaking we are pretty close. Thanks for your videos!!!

[@johncahill6859]

Great help thank you from the UK

[@williamweatherall8333]

Thank you. I lifted my turntable up a few inches.

[@travistanich297]

Thank you this video helped me fix my issues with my record player was a ground issue now no hum

[@pnooom]

Haven't fixed my hum but notice it gets louder if I touch the cartridge. I'd just assumed turntables make that kind of noise as it isn't overpowering. Everything is properly grounded on a pre-amp and I tried grounding it on the amp as well - the same. Just want to say I enjoyed the video anyway: the advice was friendly and easy to understand. I'll check you out for more help in the future. Thanks.

[@godfreyd6017]

No matter how much you ground the TT or pre amp or used electric power earth, if the humming does not seizes, you are still away from the cause. The 1 mv signal is amplified n number of times and so is the hum. First locate the source, which is an external noise from other equipment, if there is non then the issue is intrinsic, most TT are made of wood/plastic/ fiber body and the is nothing to shield the tone arm or the internal wires inside the tone arm or beneath the the tone arm base. Try using some metal tin shield or aluminium wrap which are grounded for the below tonearm areas. For the top areas check ground extends to all parts ,there should be no pick up of buzz when touched. Try sheilding tonearm internal wires till the cartridge. Last try a metal dust cover which is grounded. Other way is use balanced connectors from pickup to balanced preamp input but.thats a bit complex Next is your preamp to be treated from all sides for metal or aluminium body sheild. These stage is very sensitive to buzz hum and get to zero hum condition before connecting the TT. If this doesnot help there may be a product quality failure or a product design failure. Try another preamp. Long check list but hope you succeed

[@finscreenname]

Always hook up the ground. That is why there is a terminal next to the Phono inputs. Also when I was a kid and would blast Iron Maiden my tone arm would pick up the sound waves from the speakers and a hum would start to grow and louder and louder. A proper balanced tone arm helps but I found if I wanted to go loud I had to record it on tape and play it off it.

[@karpinakarpin8950]

fantastic explanation even for non electrical engineers :) thank you very much

[@bradkaster8687]

Yep, ground wire that runs with the RCA inputs! Didn't it was all that important. Thank you sir.

[@david-xg6zl]

Paul, I have the hum sound coming from my speakers using my Marantz 2250B, Phillips 212 turntable and a Stanton 681ee cartridge. The hum is about the 50-60hz and occurs only on the turntable phono input. The hum also occurs if I turn the receiver w/o music but with the turntable with the volume knob turned to the 1 o'clock position. I have never listen to music past the 10 o'clock mark on my receiver. The turntable is grounded to the receiver properly. So is this then normal for the hum. The receiver is quiet so no hum from the 40 y/o receiver. As always thanks for all of your video's and knowledge . Dave

[@OsborneMcclintic]

hi paul!!!i used to work for hal cole at ncar.. is that where we met? or through john pelillo and virgil rodi of fourth stage recording under the rocky mt records and tapes building on 14th and pearl.... love the info!!! thank you!

[@bobsabin]

Extremely informative, thank you!

[@danielmclaughlin6083]

Thank you! I discovered my BUZZ was from a Sonos unit!

[@metalpatriot7045]

Thanks bud. I’ll also check out your website. 👍🏼

[@Chiroman527]

Paul, thx very informative vid . I have Dual CS 5000 TURNTABLE with a ortofon OM 20 cartridge mounted in a Dual turntable headshell. Purchased in 1987. I haven't played it for some time. Occassionally over the years, but started a little more lately. NAD Pre amp and Amp . Getting hum from the turntable as soon as i select the phono mode on the preamp. Turntable is humming whether on or off ? I noticed that the Preamp has a phono ground. I reconnected it to a new electrical outlet box by groundi g it to the screw on the outlet box. NG still humming. Any idea? Could it be from the Preamp? BTW, my stereo plays CDs beautifully.

[@MrPeterref]

Awesome learned alot I couldn't find information on elsewhere, thank you sir.

[@AnitaSV]

Paul, my preamp makes no hum when nothing is connected. But when i connect just the cable and no turn table there is a hum. Reduces hum when i connect to the turntable with the same cable. If volume is loud enough and space between tracks the hum is very audible. Both grounds are same and ground channel in cable connected properly too.

[@rainbowmat8204]

I am very much impressed by you...love you from Pakistan

[@rainbowmat8204]

@Chunst Bogner thanks bro your comments are very valuable for me

[@georgeanastasopoulos5865]

Excellent, complete advice.

[@BrianSu]

In my experience and that of my video viewers, almost all the time the hum can be solved by earthing the preamp i.e. you’d want to run another wire from the ground lug to the earth pin in your wall socket. However you can also use an earthed liner power supply for your preamp because those should have the negative (-) terminal connected to earth as well which in turn earths your preamp’s chassis.

[@rumbodeglasas2797]

can you axplain the process a bit more if dept?

[@BrianSu]

@@rumbodeglasas2797 just take a wire and connect one end to the ground lug on the pre-amp and the other to the earth terminal of your wall socket

[@mikemcguinness1304]

Paul McGowan is such a nice guy... Lovely to listen to

[@jacintobriceno1775]

Great help for and audio novice thank you!

[@matthewwalden656]

Your definition of hum from MM to MC is informative but the overbearing hum I’m getting is like a harmonic interference that is being generated from outer vibrations. I have a preamp that recognizes the MC stylus but I cannot improve the volume any without the harmonic hum overwhelming the turntable. Do I need a new tone arm or cartridge head?

[@mikeyacton1978]

On my pro-ject debut carbon es I had to ground the wire and it was all better for me. The tone arm would shock me before I grounded it so I asked my dad what was going on and he just said all you had to do was ground it.

[@jeromemckenna7102]

You explanation of buzz vs hum, may help we fix what I was describing as a buzz in a pa system I just inherited. Most low end audio but the same principle.

[@coguglielmi]

Any way out when your electrical installation is from the 70s and isn't grounded... (excluding having heavy electrical works done) ? no issue with any sort of hum from the TT, but between the home-cinema amplifier sometimes serving as pre amp, and the power amp...

[@arthurrose6473]

Hi, Mr. McGowan. I Pray you can answer this: Can a phono cartridge feedback like a microphone thru the speakers and generate a low frequency flutter in the speakers that becomes dangerous as the volume is raised WITHOUT the record being played- tonearm at rest. Does this with different mm cartridges. No flutter with cartridge removed. Technics SL-1300, everything grounded from tonearm to receiver (Fisher 270- LOVE it's sound 2x50rms). FOS double shielded phono cables stopped any HUM I had previously. So is this possible? Low frequency microphonic feedback from the mm cartridges? ( Empire, Shure, Audio Technica). Thank you for ANY light you can shed on this- I know your a busy man, but no one has yet figured out the problem!

[@kostas9826]

Is it safe to further ground the phono preamp to the receiver (through a wire) to eliminate hum?

[@cardtrix1970]

Very helpful, sir; I'll do some more investigating. I do have a question; I have a turntable who's built-in RCA cables can"t quite reach where I have/rant the receiver/ground, so...I purchased "adaptor connectors" & added wire so that I could properly ground the turntable. I am aware the adaptor cables could cause *some* signal loss("signal" sounds great, though), but...why the "buzz"? Thoughts? In advance; Thank You!

[@jackwezesa1081]

You probably have a ground loop that’s causing the 120 hertz buzzing .

[@Harriet-Jesamine]

Are we talking static hum due to earthing issues... or are we talking vibrational hum through platter.. I was just ripping to my pc "shine on you crazy diamond" and Interestingly enough the vibrational hum of the motor, is at exactly the same pitch as the synths that start the track... however I would like to remove this imposition... I already satisfactorily dealt with the earth hum by making a little loop of copper wire which goes over the spindle and is connected to the earth... However the only conceivable way I can imagine of dealing with the vibrational hum.... would be if I had a bit of sponge about a centimeter thick in the shape of my turntable mat!!!

[@CVYR490]

Hi Paul, I am using a musical fedility amplifer A100 50W per channel. I have ground it to the amp. After playing the record for awhile, it start to hum. The solution to it is, I tab the amplifier turning nob. ( the circle round selection nob where you turn the nob to select CD, Phono etc). That is the one that i just tab it and the hum is gone. And 3 mins later, the hum came back again. Is that my Amp issue? For information, my speaker is a MS10 8 ohms speaker, is that causing the problem that harm my amp? Some people say i should use a 4 ohms speaker... thanks in advance.

[@randomtube8226]

Can this ungrounded hum and buzz be precent in other audio equipment other than turntables? I might be dealing with this in my system. My equipment also might be too close together in the console 🤔

[@---ROWLEY---]

I have a problem with large power bass bins. It's that's buzz and you can hear it alternating slightly. It also seems to overpower and become louder with low level music but once it's cranked it's no audible issue. I've tried everything

[@daverutherford1698]

Thank you for making this video

[@beefcakepantiehoes]

I had a ground loop hum on my Kenwood KD-500 TT. Fixed it with ground wiring to my pre amp and it was gone, then got a new stylus, attached it to my cartridge and now there is intermittent ground loop hum again! Any ideas as to why this happened and how to fix?

[@gregoriokakilala5734]

Thanks for the info here. Question: Is it ok to place the TT on top of the power amp? I noticed that when I did this, I no longer hear the hum. My TT has a built-in pre amp but w/o ground connection. Thanks.

[@octaverecordsanddsdstudios1285]

It's ok to do whatever works though that's the last place I would have thought it would work.

[@FishingIndiana]

My turntable RCA leads are rather short so I put RCA extension cords on the ends of them I get a buzz when running through the phono input on my receiver but when I switch on my built-in preamp on my turntable and plug it into an aux input on my receiver I don't have a buzz would putting a ground loop isolator remove my buzz when I'm plugged into my phono input with the built-in preamp turned off

[@sherwinmalinao200]

Hi, my goldring lenco 75 is creating this humming sound even if ground already connected. The hum increase past mid level of volume. Should my TT needs servicing? Or this hum is ok? Also when playing records it’s more obvious . Appreciate advice please ☺️

[@Bo-hb3eo]

Unfortunately I have a plastic housing turntable with a hum, very disappointing. How are you supposed to ground that?

[@Atheistic007]

Any tips for shielding material to block EMI from a transformer in a tube phono stage?

[@kraigbridgeford8646]

I discovered the hum I was dealing with was from a Chrome Cast device on my tv.

[@onemorething100]

I use a vintage Kenwood receiver that has a grand lug along with my turntable But the plugs from both units is only a 2 prong plug. How can it be grounded? I get a hum when the music is off and I increase the volume.

[@benlaird7786]

Thank you, sir!!

[@blackbilly1965]

paul, I've done what i can about the hum coming from my turntable, i have a pyle pre-amp in-between the turntable and my head unit, still humming like crazy. ok, I've grounded the turntable and the pre-amp separately, together, and both at the same time, to no good, what am i doing wrong? could it be the pre-amp? tomorrow I'm going to try another pre-amp i have, i dont think it will matter, i will update this if it changes. thank you in advance for any help. Bill

[@233kosta]

I've been getting this annoying buzz out of an old Sony PS-LX250H (same chasis as the old LP60s) and finally tracked it down to the power trqnsformer coupling through the built in preamp board. Short of butchering the current setup and epoxying the transformer on the other side of the turntable, I can't think of a good way of resolving this.

[@richardque1036]

Will ground loop isolator work.?

[@harlsmith2521]

I have my turntable grounded to my receiver which is good I have no problem. I just bought a cleaning and static brush I need to ground it but the turntable is plugged in there where do I plug the brush into to ground it????? thanks

[@jaxh2661]

Paul, my turntable does not hum until I touch the headshell. When moving the tonearm over by hand to play a record it hums. After placing the stylus on the record the hum goes away. So in other words, I am causing the hum problem through my finger tips / body. Can you explain the cause and the fix? Yes my tt is properly grounded to my external phono preamp. Please I don't need smart ass answers from people trying to be cute. Thank you Paul.

[@tobymummert3035]

I'm having that problem right now. First I bought a new Thorens turntable and the cable that was supplied with the turntable had no buzz or hum. But I tried a higher-quality interconnect and I got nothing but buzz and hum. So I decided I did not like the Thoren's turntable and went and got a new Technics turntable. Same results. The supplied cable with the turntable works perfectly fine, no buzz or hum but any other higher-quality cable will buzz and hum like crazy I can't figure it out.

[@dennisschnobrich9288]

I have a 20 year old Music Hall phono preamp that has no ground connection and it has an external power supply and no hum at all, please explain. Thank you

[@Devandsavforever]

Got a bluetooth turntable plugged into my sansui 4500 quad through a headphone to av ran to the phono input, problem is I also have a jbl floor shaker sub but dont have very long wire to kinda move the player out the way a little bit I think it's primarily ground related. how do I ground this turntable?

[@joshmaier18]

I have a Technics SL-Q350 it has a hum that is always present no matter if it’s plugged into power or not. Ground is plugged in and gets worst when unplugged. If I disconnect the cartridge the hum is amplified twice as loud. Tried different rcas, receivers, pre amp to a powered speaker, all the same hum.....any ideas?

[@sidneyalves1556]

hello my friend can you help me? I'm having problems with my vinyl playing record. the speaker keeps shifting back and forth at high volumes. the ground is correct. I replaced the cable with a new one. the right and left wires are correct. the device is far from the boxes. already reviewed the cables. I can't solve it. my setap devices are: amplifier pioneer elite a 20, and the vinyl record player is technics slq 2. voltage 120v.

[@thomasacheson1625]

How close is too close? My turntable is on a stereo stand. The receiver is on a shelf 5 inched below the turntable. The stand is made of particle board with a lacquer coating. I only hear the hum while the turntable is playing a record. It drowns out the treble and, makes a humming noise with the bass.

[@matthewnash4953]

For any one that had my problem, the buzzing wasn't coming from my turntable but the stereo cassette receiver beside it. I only realised this after moving them further a part!

[@TheAgeOfAnalog]

Thanks Paul.

[@chrisbooth2712]

I have an Audio-Technica AT-LP120XBT-USB turntable connected to a soundbar system (which includes a subwoofer) by Bluetooth. I have no receiver and/or pre-amp. Just the turntable and Bluetooth soundbar system. If I turn the volume up on the soundbar above about 60% I begin getting a very bad humming sound. If I turn the subwoofer off it stops. I've tried placing the subwoofer on a foam pad to isolate vibrations thru the floor and that didn't help. I move the subwoofer as far away from the turntable as possible (approx. 20') and that didn't help. If I turn the subwoofer off while playing a record the humming stops. I checked the turntable cartridge and it seems fine. Listening to the TV through the soundbar produces no hum. Just the turntable. I've read that this could be a grounding issue (ground loop) and the fix is to ground it to your receiver or pre-amp but I am using neither. Also, the turntable and the soundbar are around 10' apart from one another. Can you give me any suggestions on how to fix this issue? It's very annoying.

[@mic50del]

I have a turntable hum with the ground wire connected, but only audible at volume set to 3 o'clock plus when it' is disconnected?

[@redboxfile100]

I recently discovered that by physically moving my moving coil pre-amplifier to the opposite side of my amplifier and also re-routing the phono cables away from my mains distribution block, I got rid of a low level hum that became a nuisance at high volume levels. Hope this is useful if your problem is other than an earth loop issue.

[@brianmedeiros6845]

I have an audio technica LP120USB turntable that began humming while playing a record at high volume levels. Never had this issue. It has a sub turned the sub off definitely through the 2 Edifier powered book shelf speakers. Will check the wires etc Thank You

[@ChrisWoodBandit]

​@@brianmedeiros6845i have that same record player and here i am un the same boat!

[@kalimistuk]

What if the humming is coming from the transformer inside the turn table. On a direct drive. How would this be fixed. I'm guessing a new transformer would be needed.

[@christophschuermann6512]

Groundloops are very tricky sometimes. The main goal is to avoid or reduce the current to flow through the audiocables, thus inducing error signals due to inductive forced modulation.

[@carlosmante]

Yes.

[@jonathansturm4163]

Or no... Any old piece of insulated wire the right length will do. No need to buy anything. People throw out electrical appliances all the time and you can extract the wire from the power cable.

[@gotham61]

Many times an induced hum is affecting not the turntable/cartridge directly, but the phono preamp circuit.

[@RandyWBrown]

My Kenwood KF-31 was remedied by plugging into a different outlet. My JVC L-A11 has no ground wire,I checked and that is the norm for the JVC's smh

[@ossiebird0]

I have had a buzz between my Technics SH-11P3 turntable and my Pioneer A400 amp recently after putting it back into service. Took me an hour or so to work it out I eventually tracked it down to the $30 IXOS phono cable to connect the above. Even a mains cable coming close to this cable caused a significant increase in hum/buzz. I replaced it with a $2 phono cable I bought some time ago, Wow! problem solved even at max volume with MC cartridge no buzz/hum. Beware of expensive imitations.

[@ossiebird0]

@Chunst Bogner and you speak for the entire human race?

[@rockhead11]

Thank you for this video. My turntable noise is not from the ground wire -that has been recognized and eliminated. I have a low end hum that oscillates. Taking the stylus off of the LP stops it. But it is so apparent at the start of an album and during the silence between songs. I just bought this Benjamin Miracord and other than that it sounds great. Any ideas?

[@Paulmcgowanpsaudio]

Sounds like mechanical feedback through the floor. If you better isolate the table from the speakers it'll probably be fine.

[@rockhead11]

@@Paulmcgowanpsaudio thank you for the response!! but My speakers are actually about 12 ft from the 150 lb cabinet where the turntable sits that rests on a floor atop solid concrete. No room for vibration in this scenario. Sounds like a garage but it is the room that I rent 🙂. Also, it is audible at low volume. Can a bad cartridge cause this? Ps I m tracking at about 2 grams

[@DJWolves97]

@@rockhead11 I have the same issue!

[@DJWolves97]

@@rockhead11 Johnny, I found out the issue to the hum, the hum is from the motor, locate the motor on the turntable and turn on the motor and feel the motor, you will be able to feel the vibrations causing the hum. A fix is to use sorbothane on areas where the motor makes contact with the plynth if possible.

[@owenj1979]

How about for the Rega planars (at least the 3 which is the one I have) doesn’t have a ground wire, or it’s already built in ? Ty

[@deanosslewis]

wondering the same...

[@seanathair432]

PROXIMITY! My turntable is on the shelf directly above my amplifier. Probable cause?

[@Keving3]

yup Anything with a winding of wire that got plugged in could turn into a great little hum transmitter, (something Nikola was trying to perfect)

[@aundefined]

Thank you! The hum is now gone! The arm wasn't grounded correctly

[@austinmolitor7283]

The transformer in mine is buzzing at 120hz, can I just take it out and put it on the side?

[@MrJazzohjazz]

Clear explanations ..... I'm trying to resurrect a 1956 Mono Magnavox record player. I have a slight hum ,,, no buzz, The tone arm has three wires: Red, White and Black. But the Cartridge has four terminals. So I have the red on left, white on right and black next to the right ,,,, terminal between red and black is unoccupied, Changer does not work but will take apart and clean & Lube .... It brings back memories.

[@persona250]

The clue is in the title of the record player "mono" . get a mono cartridge

[@donaldnewton5706]

Would a tv cause it to hum?