Humanity 1 Million Years Ago

Get 50% off your first month of KiwiCo at www.kiwico.com/stefan with code STEFAN
What was Humanity up to 1,000,000 years ago?
Timestamps
0:00 Intro
1:20 Thanks to Kiwico
3:17 Our strangest cousins
6:48 Big game hunters
8:36 Hand axes
11:05 The first carpenters
12:56 A global species
15:42 Our tiniest cousin
18:04 life in the cold
20:35 Burnt grass
22:27 The biggest difference
23:55 A hard life
Sources:
journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
www.nature.com/articles/s4159...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
www.nature.com/articles/natur...
www.nature.com/articles/163492b0
journals.plos.org/plosone/art...
www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas...
royalsocietypublishing.org/do...
www.sciencedirect.com/science...
Written and Edited by Stefan Milosavljevich
Artwork by Ettore Mazza
Script help by Dr. Anna Goldfield
Huge thanks to my generous patrons
/ stefanmilo
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[@StefanMilo]

Get 50% off your first month of KiwiCo at www.kiwico.com/stefan with code STEFAN

[@KarlKarsnark]

What qualifications of any kind do you have in any field whatsoever?

[@anthonylucero6650]

Bologna😒

[@raya.p.l5919]

Jesus healing powe❤r all old aches and pains will be washed away starting now Time is short😢

[@MotivationDaily_Quotes]

You didn't know that the out-of-africa theory has been debunked 100% thanks to extensive DNA research?

[@angrytedtalks]

The first evidence of the Homo genus not being hairy is rather younger than 1 million years. The Happisburgh settlers were hairy, but also had fire.

[@camerongill70]

Omg, I was literally watching this thinking.....why does no one talk about the Wood Age? And then you address it, top man. As a carpenter I know how amazing woodworking is. Rubbing a piece of wood on a rock to sand it rather than using a rock/stone in the hand. As a child I would make spears and rub it on the pavement to get a point. I like to think our distant hominids were excellent wood workers and had great knowledge of woods, bindings and structural strengths. Thanks again.

[@MungoManic]

Wood is definitely overlooked, since it's rarely preserved. The Tasmanians only made simple stone flakes and no hafted tools Their main tools were straight wood clubs and simple spears with sharpened tips. Maybe they used the same method you used as a kid

[@BGeezy4sheezy]

Great point. Wood working was probably the foundation of most human cultures. Homes, weapons, cups, bowls, boxes, etc… It’s just a very perishable technology so its effects are overlooked. Our understanding is biased by the most permanent objects

[@Laura-kl7vi]

@@MungoManic It's not really "overlooked" It isn't' discussed because it can't be analysed. Researchers, I'm sure, just as we do, think about all the wealth of information they'd have about ancient peoples if wood were preserved.

[@canchero724]

Bone too. It's tough to find traces if these tools as they simply won't last as long as stone tools. Humans have been using all type of tools to make their survival possible and surely nothing must've been out of bounds if it could do the job.

[@terryreynolds200]

As a woodworking instructor , I always tried to show students the old type tools that where used by ancient hands. I always found that pulling a sharp tool with the grain of wood would be slightly easier than pushing a tool.. Actually, a sharp rock could work wood efficiently except for cross cutting. That would take brute force.

[@GoldenXBoots]

Honestly, even now raising a new born is HARD work. I am doing this for the third time and often wonder how my very distant foremothers would cope. Having your child without knowing if you can labor safely, recovering from said labor while pn the move with your tribe. Keeping your baby comfortable, fed, safe from being suffocated while asleep. I could not imagine being post partum living such hard lives. Making it through those very fragile first weeks, surviving on your mothers body (perhaps some aunties too) and making it to adulthood, that is a miracle in itself. Imagine if you could look all your foremothers in the eye. When would we recognize them as human and when would they change to "other"? Being human, living in this time, is truly a story of gritt, perseverance and a great bit of luck.

[@MrNpc81]

The irony about that is that infant mortality was a massive problem as recently as 150 years ago, but I see the point you're making

[@HoboHabilis]

No diapers! Little wonder the males decided to be out foraging all day.

[@Laura-kl7vi]

One thing though is that their brains were notably smaller, and I'd assume their skulls are also somewhat smaller. Births may have been easier. I've read that babies' heads are maxed out in size in Homo Sapiens and couldn't be any bigger to routinely fit through women's birth canals-seems like it since it can be an issue.

[@StefanMilo]

I actually had a section of the video about that but at the last minute I cut it because I wasn’t sure about a couple of the comments I made. Needless to say, raising a human child is incredibly challenging and ideally a group task. This extra strain of raising a child must have had a huge impact on our evolution.

[@MossyMozart]

@@HoboHabilis - I believe that some tribal groups used materials like mosses to contain baby bottoms. I'm sure Erectus and relatives figured that out, too.

[@matthewwasmer3508]

I want you to know three things: 1. As a former teacher, I am very impressed with the quality of your work. Your citations, raising doubts and skepticism to finds, conclusions and conjecture, is well done. 2. Every time you have a new production completed and posted, I watch it...immediately.. You are a master of your craft. I have enjoyed all of the episodes. Well done! 3. Your work maybe pivotal in leading Americans out of the anti-science/anti-knowledge darkness. Keep doing what you are doing! Thank you!

[@OldHeathen1963]

👏👏👏👏👏

[@user-un8tv1pp8m]

Point three is a large order for one scottish-american dad to pivot. I fear that might take more than a single thinky youtuber.

[@MrNpc81]

If you think Americans are the only ones with an anti science problem I don't think you're paying attention...

[@MrNpc81]

If you think America is the only nation with an anti-science problem I think you're not paying attention...

[@erin6083]

Point number 3- you are very condescending towards your fellow Americans.

[@JewelCPeach]

Hi Stefan. Not sure if you’ll see this comment, but I was raised in a very fundamentalist, young earth creationist evangelical cult. At 38, I have only been learning true science for about 5 years, and your channel has been really helpful. Thank you for the work you’re doing and the education you’re giving me. 🤍

[@StefanMilo]

I love that, the world is an incredible place, just keep following your curiosity!

[@agxryt]

I feel this. I grew up in a very conservative religious, self-hating and abusive environment. Science (cosmology, astronomy, and archaeology) have been a huge part of healing from religion. Recovering from religion/cults is a process. Love from Canada.

[@sksk-bd7yv]

Inspiring! Welcome, friend.

[@D-me-dream-smp]

It always is wonderful when someone gets to experience the excitement of how extraordinary and amazing the world and our history is. Its thanks to the incredible hard work and dedication behind such discoveries that we get to learn the how and why of such mysteries.

[@lindsayschmidt2177]

I grew up the same way and am now also educating myself on these topics. I hope your continued learning goes well, and I am glad you are no longer in that place.

[@the_newt_nest]

Does anyone else really love the illustrations of Homo erectus in these videos? They're so expressive, it really adds to Stefan's humanizing narration.

[@MossyMozart]

@DrPinkReality - Our Erectus ancestors were truly remarkable people. I'm glad they are portrayed that way. And OF COURSE they noticed skins kept the warmer and drier and provided comfort in the night. Our Erectus Grannies and Pop-pops were NOT stupid. Even my CAT refuses to sleep on a hard, chilly floor when she could sleep on a nice pillow or blanket or me.

[@JesusisKing7777.]

I feel sorry for all of you 😥

[@earlysda]

That's about all the religion of Evolution has going for it - cool CGI.

[@JesusisKing7777.]

@@earlysda exactly

[@the_newt_nest]

@@JesusisKing7777. Why don't you go pray for me and not troll the KZbin comment section.

[@funkypants1717]

Ty for letting me be in the thumbnail!!!

[@babyfactory587]

Thats your mom

[@marble296]

We must be twins

[@suzbone]

I can see my house from here!

[@0Icelord0]

The thinking ape

[@lethalbroccoli01]

You know who else is in the thumbnail? ​@@babyfactory587

[@ironnordegraf]

I love just sitting and imaging what life would've been like for us so long ago. It always feels so paradoxically blissful and horrifying.

[@alexmcvey1609]

They'd probably think the same if they could see us now lol

[@itsROMPERS...]

I wonder about the people that lived where food was plentiful and easy to get, the climate was so temperate that they were just comfortable naked all the time. And then something happened that made them think they had to go to Asia and freeze and starve. But before that just imagine a life of pure and simple ease. You didn't build shelter because you didn't need it. You didn't worry about your possessions because you didn't have any.

[@tomhalla426]

I can imagine doing sewing without eyed needles. A thin blade, and a twig or thin piece of wood shoving ties through skins.

[@LimeyLassen]

Or just gluing the pelts together

[@anitahood196]

Imagine this. Think about living in a place with no land mammals. This is New Zealand huge killer birds and sea, river and lake creatures only. Still juggling who were the first people and when arrive. It's mind boggling, the Maori arrival story is wild and within 5-600 years.

[@Bildgesmythe]

You can hook ties as well

[@MossyMozart]

@tomhalla426 - Yes. And they could also use the old hand axe to cut strips of skins to use as "belts" or cape ties at the neck or ties to keep skins attached to the feet and legs. Although there may be no evidence for any of this, I say, WHY NOT?

[@thatguypanda1126]

stefan i applied to uni to go digging in a dank cave because of you xx

[@noeditbookreviews]

Dude, you can do that?

[@thatguypanda1126]

@@noeditbookreviews the degree is history and archaeology with employment experience abroad. So basically 3 years in classroom 1 year in cave 😎

[@MossyMozart]

@@noeditbookreviews - There are sometimes digs you spend some time on as a volunteer. The fee you pay goes toward supporting the research. I have not done this, but I understand that's a great family vacation activity if the kids are into dinos or our ancestors and like to camp.

[@StefanMilo]

That sounds amazing! Good luck to you

[@noeditbookreviews]

@@MossyMozart that sounds like time and money well spent!

[@bigaaron]

Gf that totally exists, wake up, Stephen Milo uploaded again!

[@jedidiahhenry6020]

Finally a variation on this joke that made me laugh

[@dr4d1s]

At least someone is trying to evolve the joke...

[@honestvillain1141]

she lives in another epoch...

[@dr4d1s]

@@honestvillain1141 She's from Olduvai. You wouldn't know her.

[@illustriouschin]

Become your own girlfriend.

[@youraveragearmy]

Thinking about our ancient, ancient ancestors always makes me so emotional. We've changed a lot, obviously, but I still feel such a kinship with them.

[@earlysda]

You're right, our ancient ancestors came forth perfect from the hand of God, many over 12 feet tall, and they lived on average over 900 years.

[@kadegetslaid634]

​@@earlysdahuh

[@angeloalvarez5520]

Same here

[@lordportellen788]

This was great per usual. Hard to find a more engaging and compassionate thinker regarding very ancient history. These videos can't come often enough, keep up the splendid work!

[@jakobraahauge7299]

Your kind, clever, and enlightened choice of words is just delightful! This was such a great treat - thank you so much! Lots of love from Denmark 🤗 😊😊

[@MossyMozart]

@jakobraahauge7299 - I also appreciate the professional language. I'm not a prude, but I get weary of the crude, unprofessional language some otherwise smart folks us.

[@Martiandawn]

The last bit reminded me of the controversy an anthropologist sparked back in the 1980s with an article that asserted most historical accounts of cannibalism were pure fiction. As I recall, his contention was that stories of cannibal cultures were either invented whole cloth from the fevered imaginations of European explorers or were invented by indigenous peoples who didn't want their European patrons to share their gifts with rival tribes, whom they portrayed as savage man-eaters in the hope that Europeans would be hesitant to contact them.

[@impudentdomain]

well there certainly were some who were cannibals as the occurrence of Kuru attests.

[@Martiandawn]

@@impudentdomain I don't think he disputed that mortuary cannibalism occurred, or that cannibalism as a food source occurred in rare survival situations. His argument was that the historical accounts of tribes that routinely hunted other humans for consumption were flights of fancy.

[@frickyou1045]

Tribal chieftain: "Don't give guns to those guys (who we have a decades long blood feud with) they're... uh... cannibals. And they kill babies too." European explorer: "Ah yes, and what was their tribe's name again?" "they're the \*name that literally means 'stupid-baby-killers' in the local tongue\* you should call them that next time you see them."

[@UltimaSigmarAlonso]

@@MartiandawnI honestly think the truth is somewhere in the middle

[@malcolmcurran6248]

@@UltimaSigmarAlonso That various forms of cannibalism were and have been practiced from the South Seas to the Americas or parts of Africa( or prehistory) at any one time or another is not much in dispute by anthropology or archeology. That the idea of wide spread cannibalism may offend or make us squeamish today or for fear of offending is irrelevant to the well established facts. And those cultures that did practice it often found nothing shameful or wrong about it. Kuru in New Guinea was a way of honoring the dead and keeping their spirits alive. Some Spanish colonial officials even considered tribes in the Americas who practiced it to be more advanced and civilized than those that didn't. What's seems more ironic is that "civilizing" Christian European colonists and missionaries wherever they were, were trying to civilize the "savage" heathen by bringing them a religion to "save" them from themselves whose central sacred rituals and sacraments represent a sublimated form of human sacrifice and cannibalism itself.

[@zolacnomiko]

8:47 Stefan, never get so serious that you don't keep the footage of your hand axe falling over XD

[@Jigger2361]

....Usewear Results - Striations created thru falling on modern table top

[@zolacnomiko]

😂@@Jigger2361

[@AWSMcube]

Hi Stefan, your videos are fantastic. Your sponsorship segment made me think - if there's one gizmo gadget I could recommend for your kids (or any young kids in general), it would be an interactive smart globe with a little stylus. My parents got me one for Christmas 2009, when I was 5, and in hindsight, I think it was one of the best investments they ever made for me. By the time I was 7, I was a geography nerd (and I still am 😁), and that directly led me into my interests of languages, history, archeology, and anthropology in general. I am straight up immune to "haha American bad at geography" memes because of that little globe. I seriously can't recommend it enough. My parents got me a Leapfrog globe but I'd imagine that there are better brands these days. Ebay probably has cheap ones too

[@jwvandegronden]

great tip for my son!! he is now 9 and huge facts and details devouring individual!

[@readmycomment3157]

The sheer number of questions we still have about prehistory is what fascinates me. There is still so much to discover, its amazing.

[@LightninSharples]

yes

[@raykinney9907]

The more I know, the more I know I don't know, yah know?

[@celticbarry9877]

Probably as far back as 500,000 years ago if you could just press a button and turn up, human type animals probably were already making wooden cups and spoons to drink out of and eat with, maybe plates, probably had wooden tools and homes that were even like "painted" and stuff. Maybe they made wooden carvings of animals and little toys for kids... all this type of stuff wouldn't last and will never be found plus cause it was wood even after 50 years or so if other people found it they'd probably have used it for fires or re-used it, so most of it probably got destoyed even before it naturally just disappeared never to be known about. Not like humans out of nowhere just started building things out of stone and metal, we've probably been doing the same stuff for hundreds of thousands of years.

[@LightninSharples]

yes, i totally agree. early humans were great recyclers; and whenever we find anything non-stone from so long ago is nothing short of extremely amazing@@celticbarry9877

[@humboldthammer]

I recommend The Urantia Book for truth seekers. Papers 58 through 78 provide much of that information -- if you believe it. Free to read online and KZbin has an audio version.

[@deankittelson2798]

Stefan, I just want you to know whenever I see a new video pop up I feel a little jolt of joyous anticipation. These ancient history videos are my favorite. Thank you for what you do.

[@jaredlash5002]

"That's kind of a bummer to end on." The end.

[@humboldthammer]

BUT . . . never before right now -- not in the entire history of mankind -- have so many educated people lived so freely and so abundantly. And for just 18 years, we have been connected to this Shared, Worldwide Experience with near-instant communication. It is GUARANTEED to wake THIS generation up.

[@jwvandegronden]

22:10 I love it that my questions in my internal dialogue while watching your videos always get answered in such a fluid and natural way that it almost seems you organically let your narration flow and you share your own internal dialogue with is while riffing off on your topic. It always is a very pleasant surprise! I was thinking about the chances fire was used in an accidental way by carrying burning wood from bush fires and next thing I know is you share the same thought! HAHA! Just at the end now, and I couldn't help laughing out loud in the office cantina.... So unexpectedly funny addition, contrasting your so profoundly true observations about our ancestors! I love that the most about your videos I think... the balance between heavier and lighter notes, the personal and accessible way in which you draw us in! Thanks mate. Such a treat as always.

[@ranty_fugue]

Evidence of how much I love your videos: 1. Even when I watch late at night, I never fall asleep. 2. As I’m watching a video, I compulsively check the amount of time left, and groan when it nears the end. 3. Questioning life choices that did not lead me into paleoanthropology while inspiring me research it more. Thank you!

[@inchb.wigglet640]

I don't think you would need any sewing to make the first clothes, if you knew how to keep pelts from rotting. Just cut a hole in the center to make a warm poncho. If you have a strip of leather for a belt even better.

[@anotherbloodytruckie455]

The old Highland plaid (forerunner of the modern kilt) is one piece of material pleated and held on by a belt. Can be worn in a variety of ways and wrapped around you like a blanket at night. No reason you couldn't do something similar with skins.

[@LightninSharples]

concerning sewing at mark: 19:20 Denisovans were likely the first to be sewing. you cannot forget the wonderful green bracelet that was found, it had holes that were drilled in it to accommodate a leather strap, and is perhaps 70,000 ish years old. we had clothes then and had to start mending them with needles soon after. needles are obviously harder to find, they're small, they break, etc. bird bone needles found around the same area go back over 50,000 years and i believe we will eventually find that 60K or 70K needle.

[@jackvos8047]

You don't need a needle to make a bracelet or any sewing skills for that matter. It would have taken time and effort to drill the holes, but even a child can make a beaded bracelet given the materials.

[@LightninSharples]

to me the fact that denisovans were living on the tibetan plateau over 160,000years ago means they were wearing something, hard to imagine that they were naked on the tibetan plateau! and they weren't just wearing bracelets either you can bet they had clothes. sometimes i think we need to apply a little common sense to the evidence we have. like at mark: 17:30 where stefan imagines humans haphazardly clinging to logs to cross significant bodies of water; seriously lol. am i right? obviously we were making dug out canoes with our hand axes... @@jackvos8047

[@svenhurdurburdursson8765]

Thank you Stefan! This is my favorite video up to date. It has been created with such passion. I love it!

[@anitahood196]

I am from South Australia and we camped at a spot called Mt. Remarkable. After a few days wandering and wondering I realised that as the rocks fall down from the gorge into the creek the rocks are broken and tumbled into perfect shapes to work with. This spot is one of the first mines if you look hard you can see what an amazing cultural spot this is. My imagination went wild but a ways back from the creek (permanent fresh water) there were rocks and piles looking like spots where they worked the natural shaped rocks. There was also the most amazing formations of circle stones with another at the epicentre. Like a teacher and students would sit. Australian gum trees drop their branches on the regular so the people would sleep in Sheoak groves where there were dead bushy sticks and cones for quick bit of kindling and soft warm bed of like pine needles to sleep on. There's a sheoak grove there where people slept after cultural activities. I think this was a culture site a sacred site that was not permanently inhabited except by lace monitors LoL the camp site is the entrance to numerous quite easy walks linking to Alligator Gorge etc. There were places where the elderly women and children would go to hid out from enemies. What a place. It's like going back to the stone age.

[@D0GDAZE]

Hi Stefan, I've been watching your videos for a few months now and immediately drop whatever I'm already listening to when I see you post again! I wanted to say, I greatly appreciate the highly respectful and almost reverent way you speak of people long lost to the past, I've never seen a channel quite like it. It makes the topic a lot more fascinating too, especially since I can tell you're so passionate on the topic. Keep up the amazing work! (at your own pace, of course!)

[@rach_bot]

I watched this as I prepared dinner for my family. It caused me to think about our ancestors preparing their own meals and finally coming together around the bonfire to eat together. No wonder families have been so important to us throughout our history. 🥲

[@fiv4663]

Hey Stefan, I find your videos very informative and quite comforting, they put into perspective our insignificance in the scheme of things. We are are tiny blimp. I often put your playlist on to help me sleep (no shade there), you have a soothing voice.

[@theg0z0n]

Lol,watched this today thinking it was an old video I missed. Thanks for the new content SM. I love your channel so much. I didn't get to study any of this while in school, so I learn so much from you.

[@jemalsd8877]

Top quality. Thank you Stefan for these amazing journeys you take us on with each upload

[@josephjanitorius797]

Thanks for another great video! The ambient music was really sublime, well matched to the thoughtful presentation. Spellbinding as usual. I hope there's a lot more to come. You obviously put a lot of time, research and technical skill into your work.

[@joelsmith3473]

That progression of Acheulean handaxes is absolutely mindblowing. You don't very often seethe steps of progression of tech so old which is amazing in itself. The astounding part though, is actually comprehending the time spans involved: the first step of clear but very easily overlooked innovation is "0.15 mya" okay, then your brain actually processes that information and that sliver of human progress was ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND YEARS IN THE MAKING. Insanity. Our brains have developed the ability to decipher our world and produce facts they can not comprehend.

[@user-ox6ip8ie7d]

Thanks for this. The assumption that we could build a stone ax a million years ago but there is no way we could cut down a tree and carve a boat with one irritates me. I think humans reached Australia and the Americas earlier then we give them credit for.

[@AUniqueHandleName444]

@ConontheBinarian The default position really should be "we don't know", not "we didn't have them". Both positions are positive assertions of fact.

[@petehoover6616]

​@ConontheBinarianThe Lombok Straight is a pretty nasty 60 miles of open water. There's a strong current. No one tries to swim it. Even with rafts it's a challenge, I understand.

[@petehoover6616]

@ConontheBinarian possums and leopards have never been able to cross. Dingos crossed with human help and they wrecked Australia when they got there. Elephants swim pretty well. They never made it. You know they tried. It may be calm but there's something about it that keeps people from trying. Like not swimming from Havana to Miami or Tangier to Gibraltar. You're not gonna succeed.

[@jdenmark1287]

@ConontheBinarian because, unlike your handle suggests, not everything is an either/or proposition. This post suggests there might be other obstacles to ocean traveling than a lack of boats.

[@jdenmark1287]

@ConontheBinarian reread

[@amym.4823]

Got a sick kid home with me today. Probably learned more in your video than a whole day at school. Thank you!

[@stusacks2220]

Stefan, I am always thrilled when I see you uploaded a new video. Your presentations are always clear, concise, very interesting and leave me wanting more! Thank you for all the research, effort and time you put into your content. I'm sure that I speak for all your viewers when I say thank you!

[@randyhawks7549]

Stefan, you really hit it out of the park with this video, thank you for sharing.

[@melindusfindus1668]

This has surely become my favourite channel right now! So informative yet accessible and engaging. Much love from Switzerland

[@patirving705]

Outstanding as always!!! I can't get enough of your videos :)

[@saejii]

There's something so fascinating about learning about our ancestors... this deep connection I feel when I watch these videos is unmatched despite the eons that separate us

[@catherinemontrose2102]

Your best episode yet. So fascinating, putting together things I'd heard of before in fragmentary ways. And the visuals were stunning! Thanks Stefan.

[@jasonstire474]

Another banger again Stefan?! You’re on a roll these past 4-5 years man!

[@LightninSharples]

a very small mistake at marK: 11:52 oldest wooden artifacts actually 476,000 years old a pair of notched logs found near the Kalambo River in Zambia.

[@puraLusa]

I read about that somewhere.

[@elfootman]

Your video editing skills are on point! the narration is also so good! Thank you for sharing!

[@laetoliman]

Stefan, I love your manner and delivery of these casts. You seem like such a nice guy. I also love the content.

[@douglasfur3808]

Another great video. Better than many nature videos from big time platforms. And yes to the concept of a "stone age" being a consequence of what doesn't rot. Beyond wood there are the other fibroid products. The string belt that kept those skin clothes from sliding off or the rope that held a raft together.

[@readmycomment3157]

Perfect timing, I just made a coffee. Thanks Stefan you brilliant man.

[@wordswords2094]

Tea here :-)

[@rdklkje13]

Any Kiwis here drinking Milo?

[@carolinejames7257]

​@@rdklkje13An Aussie here, but deffo *not* drinking milo. Disgusting stuff. Coffee, tea, or hot chocolate all fine. 😁

[@rdklkje13]

@@carolinejames7257 😅

[@rhiannonm8132]

there’s not many creators where i get genuinely excited to watch their new vids, keep doing u stefan :-)

[@russpaxman3660]

Fantastic video, many thanks Stefan.

[@tigermothe]

It is always a joy to travel prehistory with you. There are specimens of early hominids still alive today. My sister married one!

[@AUniqueHandleName444]

So did my wife!

[@psterud]

That would a total burn if modern female humans knew how to make and use fire.

[@thedankknight2066]

Great video Stefan, love the knowledge and humor you bring to learning about the past! Wish my undergrad archeology course was taught by you 😂

[@YTLFish]

The ending 😂 Awesome video as usual! The narration, the research, the emotion, the humor, the stunning artworks... I hope you never stop doing that format

[@sethnolte9953]

Fantastic video yet again. Am always impressed with both the information presented and the production quality.

[@TheMDJ2000]

Another excellent video Stefan 👍

[@JonnoPlays]

I could watch this all day. Keep em coming! 👌 💯 💰

[@kailierayner5512]

You know, I really couldn’t help but giggle at 3:16… Stefan produces some of the most informative and high quality videos I’ve ever had the pleasure of viewing. In many ways, I would describe his videos as perfect in both cinematics and information. I don’t find this little blip funny as to point out a mistake, but it’s actually quite humanizing, which is just SO congruent with (what I presume to be) the goal of Stefan’s channel: to bring us closer to the humanity of our ancestors. Bravo, Stefan. Here’s to many more great videos, pard!

[@starkiller12599]

I’ve learned quite a bit following your productions. Thank you. Keep up the great work

[@Jobe-13]

I think it's absolutely insane that 1 million years ago, which is hard to comprehend how long ago that really was, we used to be basically bipedal hairy apes. We still are, but in those days we were still somehow different than we are now.

[@whiteegretx]

I wouldn't use the term "we" here. Just a nitpick, but these species weren't human. They had different behaviours and physical adaptions which made them pretty different from sapiens. I think it were better that we appreciate them as they were, instead of looking at them as "us" somehow.

[@theoneaboveall6768]

@@whiteegretxwe had to start somewhere 🤷‍♂️ . Your 20th grand dad is not you had different behaviour then you and 99% of ppl today. Taller smaller hairy nor hairy wtv the case may be he was still your ancestors same here. We had to start and that was our start

[@whiteegretx]

@@theoneaboveall6768 - It was our start but it was not "us".

[@MossyMozart]

@Jobe-13 - According to the wonderful "GutsickGibbon", we are as hairy as the ancestors in numberf of hair shafts, but our "fur" has a much finer character. So, as she calls us, her "gentle and very modern apes", we are still here, though not as warm in the winter.

[@user-ki1un4jg2d]

@@theoneaboveall6768 We started with Adam and Eve .

[@keithmccormick1272]

Great video love your stuff :)

[@perritoDeSatanas]

The illustrations are back!!!! amazing stuff muchas gracias

[@troelsandersen9654]

Yet again, and as always, top quality work. Thank you.

[@iamlegend128]

Finally another video, cant wait to finish this 😁

[@dankmemes212]

I just want to say that I think you are one of the best archeology youtubers out there. Your videos have an amazing production value and you have a talent for communicating scientific data to the public while still humanizing the findings

[@bomaracev]

Another great video, Stefan! Hope you and your family are well

[@clivenobbs2848]

I have only recently discovered your channel. Having a lifelong interest in archaeology and anthropology your channel fascinates me. Also it is delivered in such a great no nonsense understandable way. Thankyou. You are a a pleasure to listen too. I realised a dream i have had since about the age of 12 and visited Olduvai (Oldupai) Gorge. I stood in awe as i looked out over where Louis and Mary Leakey made such important discoveries.

[@mikert89]

Best KZbin channel of all time!

[@ElicBehexan]

I heard the ending and thought "that's the end" and then you added it was a hard thing to end on. I smiled - good job!

[@danieljonak7123]

Heck yeah this is perfect to watch right now. Thanks for uploading Stefan! Really interested in how the Denisovans got around to south Eastern Asia, or if they evolved there for a significant amount of time. Great video!

[@SandraSteubing]

Thank you, Stefan. I always find your videos clear, educational, and engaging.

[@mikenyc1501]

I have a young son who does love these Kiwico crates and has enjoy them for years

[@dg3651]

Really enjoy your videos. Thanks. I think that the invention of rope would have been super important to humanity.

[@D-me-dream-smp]

Stefan has such a wonderful way of narrating these incredibly informative and fascinating videos. A natural storyteller who evokes a genuine sense of awe and wonder while provoking deeper thoughts on our pre written history. I’m also extra impressed how at 8:40 he managed to get the hand axe to fall over at the right time to display its symmetry. Kudos.

[@nunyabusiness1233]

Im always so excited to see a new post on your channel. 🥰 Your videos are so engaging and give me the drive to deep dive, and bolster my knowledge! With so many resources to expand my understanding of human evolution! Thanks for your hard work 🙏🏼

[@DavidKutzler]

Thanks!

[@artdodger5053]

new milo better get tha bong cleaned lol

[@habibiiclickthelink7407]

Hell yea, 420

[@paulaj.7685]

Nothing feels better than listening to ancient human history while nice and toasty

[@KenniBrisco]

​@@paulaj.7685frfr

[@nousernamefound.7]

why do you druggies always have to poison every online space with your dumb remarks. Just be a miserable addict on your own time ffs.

[@nousernamefound.7]

ugh just shut up

[@francisfischer7620]

My goodness! So well done! So well thought out!

[@MrCuntacular2]

Stefan, you are an inspiration. Cant speak highly of your content, and as an extension, you. Thank you

[@emikro7]

such a nice way to start my morning at work!! love it 💗

[@user-ki1un4jg2d]

Yeah . These sci fi movies are fun to watch .

[@positivejamesuk]

YAY another Stefan vid !! love your work legend

[@GregGarner]

I love your videos, Stefan. Incredibly thought provoking and so well done.

[@pcaridad]

Wow, that was a sudden end 😂. Very good job. And your drawings are improving. 👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

[@jameswright4640]

Another fantastic video! Thank you for all the information and how well you present it!

[@hugod2000]

Thank you for these fascinating and well delivered videos.

[@dandabear118]

You produce some of THE BEST content on KZbin. Thank you for all your hard work and dedication, Stefan.

[@shanewalker2103]

Another banger of a video, I always enjoy your content so much.

[@petehoover6616]

It just dawned on me: the first person to figure out how to start a fire wasn't trying to start a fire: they were trying to drill a hole in a piece of wood.

[@captainf1755]

My god, why did I never think about this before! You sir, have had a certified big brain moment

[@ot1438]

You dont know that

[@TheRst2001]

I'm sure they understood friction 1 million years ago. Rubbing hands together , or two materials creates heat , so they would have worked out eventually with two sticks they can create heat

[@user-un8tv1pp8m]

Yeah, I can tell you never made fire by friction yourself. That does not happen by accident. You need to coordinate drilling, heaping on fluffed tinder and softly blow o2 into the glow, but not aerate the heat away, at an exact ignition point in time and fire drill setup .... Its a complex process one has to parse out, develop and learn even when taught by somebody else. You dont get a fire, not even a glow, if you dont painstakingly add several steps of the process together in juuuust the right way. Like lithic tools, such simple processes can take a lot of thinking through and planning.

[@petehoover6616]

@@user-un8tv1pp8m You miss the point: someone wasn't trying to make a fire, they were trying to make a hole and it started smoking. Must've scared'em.

[@swirvinbirds1971]

People thinking the world is going to crap today didn't live a few hundred thousand years ago where it was survival of the fittest and babies were food.

[@maximuscomfort]

The weirdest thing is human cannibalism is still in many places on earth.

[@michaeljordan4665]

I always love how informative these videos are

[@HumanityandHistory-usa1]

Watching this video was like taking a journey back in time to witness the dawn of humanity. The meticulous examination of archaeological sites, like Oldupai Gorge and Juma's Korongo 2, reveals the complexities of early human life around one million years ago. The discussions on tool evolution, hunting strategies, and even the potential use of fire provide a profound understanding of our ancestors' ingenuity and resourcefulness. KiwiCo's emphasis on nurturing curiosity in children echoes the inherent curiosity that has driven human progress throughout history. This video is a testament to the resilience and adaptability of our species.

[@BoggWeasel]

Really like that Milo deals in possibilities and not absolutes which help to highlight that while we (modern hominids) may be similar, we are very, very different in many ways, Not just physically but mentally with the progressive development of simple, (for us) basic technologies.

[@ASTROPLANET13]

Modern education is an underrated evolutionary adaption, albeit memetic rather than genetic.

[@SandrinaN]

I so enjoy your presentations.

[@johntomasini3916]

Mate, you have done it again, every time you produce a video, there is something I have not seen before. Highly recommend your work to others. Well done.

[@AlwaysWannaDance]

Love your narrative Stefan. Nobody else expresses the human insight quite the way you do. Heartwarming 😍

[@wikansaktianto9215]

A million years too late to be first.

[@isancicramon0926]

Beautiful video. Ettore Mazza *delivers.* The synergy btwn your narration & his work is fantastic, one of my favourite watch on here.

[@chriswood1661]

This was excellent. Thank you.

[@sksk-bd7yv]

A video about the evolution of autism? I promise that paleontology is stuffed full with us autistic. It would be so interesting just to see speculations about this. It's a much hidden, much forbidden question - what if humanity as a whole has benefited from neurodiversity? It's certainly a subject no other YT paleo creator has worked with.

[@thenerscylla2388]

i dont think there is enough evidence to be making any sorts of claims like that yet, when we understand the biological process under which neurodiversity exists then well have more insight. personally, i think its more to do with brains just naturally forming in a different way due to the inherent variation in human development. not everything has a evolutionary reason, sometimes people are just different, and that perfectly okay.

[@Lutefisk445]

I'm fairly certain that the world is secretly run by nd people. Not the big emotionless haunchos who like to think they're on the top. No. They'd be nowhere without people who can sit down and focus on one single thing for 16 hours at a time and forget to do literally anything else by choice.

[@psterud]

@@Lutefisk445 We all seem to need each other to have continued success as a species. The nd people need the honchos, too, to maintain cohesiveness as a group. Without the honchos, the nd people would scatter and the species would die.

[@Lutefisk445]

@@psterud I personally think that the emotionless heartless monsters running the world are not, in fact, necessary to keep the wage slaves under them in order. But to each their own.

[@Jordan-ez2gn]

There is no way to spot autism in bones and toolsm

[@JH-sx7eb]

Love your videos and always excited to watch the next one, saw this arrive last night but waited to watch it over breakfast, however maybe it is because I am spoilt having watched so many of your previous ones that this didn't seem to tell much,(if anything), new.

[@Tyrtle-Media]

Also a retired teacher. Really impressed with your narration (you have a great voice, easy captivating listening). Your content is top notch. Your visuals are just what are needed to support your content. I don't know how you put it all together! Thank you. Wish I had courses like yours, way back in the textbook days of ANTH 101!

[@pud4272]

Fantastic work as always