Рет қаралды 21,301
#hydraulics #pneumatics #polytechnic #bteup #civilengineering #gtechpoly #g1batch #lastmomentbatch
1.Introduction
Fluid, types of fluid; properties of fluid viz mass density, weight density (specific weight), specific volume,
capillarity, specific gravity, viscosity, compressibility, surface tension, kinematic viscosity and dynamic
viscosity and their units.
2. Pressure and its Measurement
Concept of pressure (Atmospheric Pressure, gauge pressure, absolute pressure)
Pressure measuring devices: peizometer tube manometers - simple U-tube,
differential single column, inverted U-tube, micromanometer including simple problems
2.3 Bourdon pressure gauge, Diaphragm pressure gauge, dead weight pressure gauge
3. Flow of Fluids
Types of fluid flow steady and unsteady, uniform and non-uniform, laminar and turbulent, rate of flow and their units; continuity equation of flow, potential energy of a flowing fluid; total head; Bemoulli's theorem (statement and proof) and its applications. Discharge measurement with the help of venturi-meter, orifice meter, pitot-tube, limitations of Bernoulli's theorem simple problems.
4. Flow through Pipes
Definition of pipe flow, wetted perimeter, hydraulic mean depth, hydraulic gradient; loss of head due to friction; Chezy's equation and Darcy's equation of head loss (without proof), Reynold's number and its effect on pipe friction;
siphon, power developed. Water hammer, anchor block, syphon, surge tank (concept only). Loss of head in pipes due to sudden enlargement, sudden contraction, obstruction 4.2
on flow path, change of direction and pipe fittings (without proof)
5. Hydraulic System
Description, operation and application of hydraulic systems - hydraulic ram, hydraulic jack, hydraulic brake, hydraulic accumulator, hydraulic door closer, hydraulic press.
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