Hyponatrémie en 5 étapes - Docteur Synapse

Hyponatrémie en 5 étapes.
Références :
1. Adrogué HJ, Madias NE. Hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 2000; 342:1581.
2. Rose BD, Post TW. Clinical Physiology of Acid-Base and Electrolyte Disorders, 5th ed, McGraw-Hill, New York 2001. p.720.
3. Yeates KE, Singer M, Morton AR. Salt and water: a simple approach to hyponatremia. CMAJ 2004; 170:365.
4. Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, et al. Hyponatremia treatment guidelines 2007: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med 2007; 120:S1.
5. Chung HM, Kluge R, Schrier RW, Anderson RJ. Clinical assessment of extracellular fluid volume in hyponatremia. Am J Med 1987; 83:905.
6. Purssell RA, Pudek M, Brubacher J, Abu-Laban RB. Derivation and validation of a formula to calculate the contribution of ethanol to the osmolal gap. Ann Emerg Med 2001; 38:653.
7. Turchin A, Seifter JL, Seely EW. Clinical problem-solving. Mind the gap. N Engl J Med 2003; 349:1465.
8. Dimeski G, Mollee P, Carter A. Effects of hyperlipidemia on plasma sodium, potassium, and chloride measurements by an indirect ion-selective electrode measuring system. Clin Chem 2006; 52:155.
9. Hussain I, Ahmad Z, Garg A. Extreme hypercholesterolemia presenting with pseudohyponatremia - a case report and review of the literature. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9:260.
10. Graber M, Corish D. The electrolytes in hyponatremia. Am J Kidney Dis 1991; 18:527.
11. Palmer BF. Hyponatraemia in a neurosurgical patient: syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion versus cerebral salt wasting. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2000; 15:262.
12. Beck LH. Hypouricemia in the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. N Engl J Med 1979; 301:528.
13. Decaux G, Schlesser M, Coffernils M, et al. Uric acid, anion gap and urea concentration in the diagnostic approach to hyponatremia. Clin Nephrol 1994; 42:102.
14. Decaux G, Namias B, Gulbis B, Soupart A. Evidence in hyponatremia related to inappropriate secretion of ADH that V1 receptor stimulation contributes to the increase in renal uric acid clearance. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7:805.
15. Halawa I, Andersson T, Tomson T. Hyponatremia and risk of seizures: a retrospective cross-sectional study. Epilepsia 2011; 52:410.
16. Schrier RW, Gross P, Gheorghiade M, et al. Tolvaptan, a selective oral vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, for hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 2006; 355:2099.
17. Karp BI, Laureno R. Pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis: a neurologic disorder following rapid correction of hyponatremia. Medicine (Baltimore) 1993; 72:359.
18. Moritz ML, Ayus JC. The pathophysiology and treatment of hyponatraemic encephalopathy: an update. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003; 18:2486.
19. Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, et al. Hyponatremia treatment guidelines 2007: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med 2007; 120:S1.
20. Ayus JC, Caputo D, Bazerque F, et al. Treatment of hyponatremic encephalopathy with a 3% sodium chloride protocol: a case series. Am J Kidney Dis 2015; 65:435.
21. Soupart A, Decaux G. Therapeutic recommendations for management of severe hyponatremia: current concepts on pathogenesis and prevention of neurologic complications. Clin Nephrol 1996; 46:149.
22. Ayus JC, Krothapalli RK, Arieff AI. Changing concepts in treatment of severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Rapid correction and possible relation to central pontine myelinolysis. Am J Med 1985; 78:897.
23. Gross P, Reimann D, Neidel J, et al. The treatment of severe hyponatremia. Kidney Int Suppl 1998; 64:S6.
24. Rondon-Berrios H, Tandukar S, Mor MK, et al. Urea for the Treatment of Hyponatremia. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13:1627.
25. Kamel KS, Bear RA. Treatment of hyponatremia: a quantitative analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 1993; 21:439.
26. LARAGH JH. The effect of potassium chloride on hyponatremia. J Clin Invest 1954; 33:807.
27. Fichman MP, Vorherr H, Kleeman CR, Telfer N. Diuretic-induced hyponatremia. Ann Intern Med 1971; 75:853.
28. Morris JH, Bohm NM, Nemecek BD, et al. Rapidity of Correction of Hyponatremia Due to Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone Following Tolvaptan. Am J Kidney Dis 2018; 71:772.
29. Oh MS, Uribarri J, Barrido D, et al. Danger of central pontine myelinolysis in hypotonic dehydration and recommendation for treatment. Am J Med Sci 1989; 298:41.
30. Mohmand HK, Issa D, Ahmad Z, et al. Hypertonic saline for hyponatremia: risk of inadvertent overcorrection. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2:1110.
31. "SURF Guidelines en Médecine Interne Générale" Philippe Furger
32. "Oxford Handbook of Emergency Medicine" Robin N. Illingworth, Jonathan Wyatt, Colin A, et Al.
33. "Urg'de garde" Frédéric Adnet