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The genus Agaricus is represented by about 400 species and is cosmopolitan in distribution.
Most of them are saprophytic, growing on dead and decaying wood and leaves and on organic rich moist soil.
It grows best in moist and shady places and are commonly seen during rainy season.
The most common species are Agaricus. campestris (field mushroom) and Agaricus bisporus commonly known as white mushroom/ button mushroom/cultivated mushroom.
What we ordinarily call the mushroom is not the whole fungus, it is actually the fructification which is technically called basidiocarp.