Inside the Cell Membrane

Explore the parts of the cell membrane with The Amoeba Sisters! Video discusses phospholipid bilayer, cholesterol, peripheral proteins, integral proteins, glycoproteins, and glycolipids - as well as why the surface area to volume ratio is so important in cells. Expand for table of contents.
Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:25 Membrane controls what goes in and out of cell
1:40 Importance of surface area to volume ratio
3:31 Cell Theory
4:00 Fluid Mosaic Model
4:28 Phospholipid and phospholipid bilayer
5:58 Cholesterol
6:23 Proteins (peripheral and integral)
7:43 Glycoproteins and glycolipids (carbohydrates bound to proteins and lipids)
Additional Vocabulary:
-Amphiphilic
-Hydrophilic
-Hydrophobic
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TRANSLATIONS:
Hindi Subtitles Credit: Alisha Aggarwal
Audio has been dubbed into Hindi, Portuguese, and Spanish using an artificial voice via aloud.area120.google.com to increase accessibility. You can change the audio track language in the Settings menu.
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[@AmoebaSisters]

We like to pin any clarifications on our videos. 1. We notice a few comments asking, "Well, isn't an *unfertilized* chicken egg [or yolk] itself actually a cell?" [Which would mean one HUGE cell, right?] So, it turns out there is a lot of thought on this. While we were taught the entire unfertilized chicken egg isn't a true cell---not only because they don't contain the typical cell parts---but also because if it is fertilized, the egg/yolk itself isn't what starts dividing (only germinal disc), we can see other arguments. You can find lots of debate about this online. We brought this up in convo on Twitter: twitter.com/AmoebaSisters/status/1117579222942388224 and we've talked to some science teachers about this. This could be one of those fascinating things where it depends how you define as a cell? Anyway, we'd love to hear your thoughts on this! A better way we could have done this would be *instead* of saying 'A cell could never be as big as a chicken egg' to *change to say* 'A *body* cell could never be as big as a chicken egg.' 2. Integral proteins frequently cross the whole membrane (transmembrane); these are the types we show. In fact, all transmembrane proteins are integral proteins. *However* there are some integral proteins that don't go through the membrane completely (and are not transmembrane). 3. Towards the end of this video, we say "HIV virus" to emphasize the virus illustration. But that's redundant- technically we could just say "HIV." HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. We don't get into any type of virus detail here, but we have a new virus video! kzbin.info/www/bejne/bnfUnYepobplaNU

[@alexzhang3232]

we?? So like is one person drawing and animating, and the other is doing the voice-over?

[@AmoebaSisters]

One of us does all the drawing and the other one does all the speaking. Switching roles would be a disaster haha. But if you want proof that Petunia speaks, we have more about that in our Around the Agar video :D kzbin.info/www/bejne/m5DMkmuNl72Yp7M

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