Intercolonial Conflict : French and Indian Wars | US history lecture

Thanks to Curiosity Stream for sponsoring this episode. Go to curiositystream.com/CynicalHi... and use the code CynicalHistorian for a $14.99 annual subscription
The contested frontiers of the French, Spanish, and British or English empires led to a series of fights. This warfare reshaped colonial America, for settlers and the American Indian tribes in between. Sometimes these wars came from Europe, while others began in the colonies. What took shape through these wars led directly to the American Revolution.
------------------------------------------------------------
See pinned comment and its replies for notes, responses, and errata
For this lecture my students read these two primary sources:
Benjamin Jones to John Jones, 1754, letter: bit.ly/2WAl84y
Pontiac Calls for War, 1763: bit.ly/2WBrJeO
Here are a few good books on the topic:
David La Vere, The Tuscarora War: Indians, Settlers, and the Fight for the Carolina Colonies (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013), audible. amzn.to/3mnc3sE
Daniel Richter, Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2003). amzn.to/2MVhWJ4
Peter Silver, Our Savage Neighbors: How Indian War Transformed Early America (New York: W.W. Norton, 2008). amzn.to/3jAr8VI
Stephen Warren, The Worlds the Shawnees Made: Migration and Violence in Early America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014), audible. amzn.to/3FoQaQg
Scott Weidensaul, The First Frontier: The Forgotten History of Struggle, Savagery, and Endurance (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012). amzn.to/31cLrm7
------------------------------------------------------------
My US history lectures in chronological order: • US history lectures
SUBSCRIBE FOR MORE VIDEOS:
kzbin.info_c...
Support the channel through PATREON:
/ cynicalhistorian
or by purchasing MERCH: teespring.com/stores/the-cyni...
LET'S CONNECT:
Twitch: / cynicalhistorian
Facebook: / cynicalcypher88
Subreddit: / cynicalhistory
Discord: / discord
Twitter: / cynical_history
------------------------------------------------------------
Wiki: The French and Indian Wars were a series of conflicts that occurred in North America between 1688 and 1763, some of which indirectly were related to the European dynastic wars. The title French and Indian War in the singular is used in the United States specifically for the warfare of 1754-63, which is mostly coincident with the Seven Years' War. The French and Indian Wars were preceded by the Beaver Wars.
chapters
0:00 intro and promo
1:53 Intercolonial conflict
2:55 Map of colonies
4:21 Colonial rivalries
10:31 King George’s War
14:25 Ohio to 7 Years War
20:56 Worldwide
21:26 7 Years War in America
24:26 Aftermath

[@CynicalHistorian]

Thanks to Curiosity Stream for sponsoring this episode. Go to curiositystream.com/CynicalHistorian and use the code CynicalHistorian for a $14.99 annual subscription Click "read more" for further info, corrections, and bibliography Thanks for watching! Please consider supporting the channel by buying merch: teespring.com/stores/the-cynical-historian Or by donating to my Patreon: www.patreon.com/CynicalHistorian *[reserved for errata]* My US history lectures in chronological order: kzbin.info/aero/PLjnwpaclU4wXIeBg-rugKMup9o8ohyEEL *Bibliography* For this lecture my students read these two primary sources: Benjamin Jones to John Jones, 1754, letter: bit.ly/2WAl84y Pontiac Calls for War, 1763: bit.ly/2WBrJeO Here are a few good books on the topic: David La Vere, _The Tuscarora War: Indians, Settlers, and the Fight for the Carolina Colonies_ (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013), audible. amzn.to/3mnc3sE Daniel Richter, _Facing East from Indian Country: A Native History of Early America_ (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2003). amzn.to/2MVhWJ4 Peter Silver, Our Savage Neighbors: How Indian War Transformed Early America (New York: W.W. Norton, 2008). amzn.to/3jAr8VI Stephen Warren, The Worlds the Shawnees Made: Migration and Violence in Early America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014), audible. amzn.to/3FoQaQg Scott Weidensaul, The First Frontier: The Forgotten History of Struggle, Savagery, and Endurance (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012). amzn.to/31cLrm7

[@chimpofthecosmicdawn3863]

You should read 'we were not the savages' by Daniel Paul and make a review/dissection video of the book. Its pretty good

[@ehrldawg]

I often wondered how realistic the "smallpox on a blanket " thing was.

[@alanpennie8013]

Me too. The people who handed over those blankets would have risked infecting themselves. Lord Amherst eventually retired to my hometown of Sevenoaks in England where a school is named after him.

[@matf5593]

In Canada , English speakers call it the 7-years War (even though, yes, it was 9 years in North America. Lol - we’ve got to maybe work on our maths…😊). In Québec, we call it « la guerre de la conquête « . I’d never heard the title “French and Indian War” until I met Americans as an adult…

[@myvids1415]

@All My Exes Live In Texas So did Florida and the Caribbean colonies.

[@leobrulotte1448]

Fun fact: up here in Canada, we actually refer to the French and Indian War as the War of the Conquest, due to resulting in Canada being, well, conquered by the British.

[@coltonross5414]

That's a specifically French canadian term for it. For English Canada we generally refer to it as the 7 years war or we use the American term to specify the American theatre.

[@bjkarana]

I grew up in NH and I never realized it was founded as a military barrier against the French in what is now Canada, but it makes a lot of sense. Up until the mid 19th century, and the arrival of industry seeking water power from it's rivers, NH was mostly empty aside from the port city of Portsmouth (we weren't very creative in place names) on the seacoast. Boston however, only 40 miles south, was certainly a hub of trade for England and the colonies even in the 1600s which certainly required protection. Thanks for the video!

[@TheDarthbinky]

I live in NH now (I grew up in Maine) and people still call it "Cow Hampshire" because of that empty period where NH was mostly just cattle farms.

[@bjkarana]

@@TheDarthbinky haha, yeah I remember my friends from Boston calling it that too even though I grew up in Manchester.

[@TheDarthbinky]

@@bjkarana MANCH-VEGAS!

[@bjkarana]

​@@TheDarthbinky ha, yep; for those who thought Lynn (MA) was the City of Sin. ;-)

[@optimusdimegatron1297]

Yay NH

[@samwill7259]

I literally, like, this very morning JUST finished a Linguistics project about the Acadian language for my senior year in college. Spooky, even though you explained all of this better than I ever could as usual.

[@bennyuchiha8501]

Coincidence? I think not

[@mywa8314]

Git Gud Scrub 🤣

[@markdavidofficial4274]

I’m currently teaching 7th grade US History. Our Scope and Sequence allow for only ONE day of the French and Indian War, and thank god this video is here to fill out what I could add lol

[@JMM33RanMA]

Well done! In the town of Walpole, Massachusetts, where I grew up, there is a memorial to the local men who fought in the French and Indian War. It isn't prominent, and most of us just ignored it. It is, however what makes us Yankee New Englanders. We also ignore, or do not know, what our ancestors did to the original inhabitants of the continent. As the French say, "plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose!"

[@paulpwns8054]

I got 100% on my history test thanks to the cynical historian!

[@davidkuder4356]

Great summary & overview. I'm a living historian who portrays a key founder of the Ohio Company of Virginia, Col. Thomas Cresap, and you got a number of obscure details right--including our unofficial name of the French & Indian War as "the Nine Years War!" A few slight errors but, in the Main, a great podcast, well-illustrated. The Proclamation Line definitely helped kindle the War for Independence!! Also, a quote from Benjamin Franklin: "The American Revolution began the day we learned of Braddock's defeat."

[@tylerjeb7888]

"use plague blankets and fire water you boneheads!" - Harriet Tubman

[@LesHaskell]

I have two 6th great grandfathers who were at Louisbourg in 1745. Captain Daniel Hale of Newbury, Massachusetts commanded a company in Colonel Waldo's 2nd Massachusetts Regiment and died on May 21 after being wounded on the 17th when a gun in the Royal Battery burst. Jethro Starbird, from Scarborough, Maine, was also there.

[@stevemartin6144]

My ancestor Lt. Henry Young of the King's Royal Regiment of New York (KRRNY) was born in Jamaica, Long Island New York in March 1737. He fought against the French throughout 1755 to 1763 in northern New York and Quebec throughout that time. As such I really appreciate your great lecture/video on this topic and I thank you.

[@DiamondKingStudios]

American in 1809 when Pontiac is mentioned: "Oh, you mean the Ottowa chief? I remember when the war..." American in 1879 when Pontiac is mentioned: "Well, I never went to that part of Michigan, I heard it's quite a..." American in 1999 when Pontiac is mentioned: "You see, my uncle had a Pontiac way back when. It was a Bonneville, I think. Model year 1958. He used to drive it all the way to..."

[@WyomingTraveler]

An excellent overview of the colonial conflict in context with European diplomacy and wars

[@PakBallandSami]

British territorial claims rested upon explorations of the North American continent by John Cabot in the latter part of the 15th century. In 1663 the province of Carolina was created to the south of Virginia, with a sea-to-sea grant; the Carolina charter was amended two years later, and the expanded territory would come to form the colonies of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. Thus, all the lands to the south of French Canada and to the north of Spanish

[@specter82290]

7 years war was a answer on jeopardy last week, good timing. All the Americans said the French Indian War, damned Canadian got it. (IIRC)

[@professorcube5104]

make more lectures please, i really like them

[@levinb1]

Another clear video with good context to the geopolitics of the 18th century and the American Colonies.

[@brandonwhitney7964]

Hey, I’m somewhat new to the channel and love this sort of content! This is a very nice in depth lecture on what amounts to around 1-2 weeks in an AP class. That being said, I wonder if you would consider displaying the years when you mention certain period (such as around 4:09 mentioning a specific period) in order to get a precise historical timeline for certain periods. Thank you so much for your continued passion for history education!

[@CynicalHistorian]

I try to say dates when pertinent at least. Lots of these lectures will shift back and forth in time as the narrative flows. This one is a lot more straight forward. Funny thing is, this is a lecture I give for only half a week (one 1hr:15min session), but that's because it's college-level. First half of this week is spent on the First Great Awakening

[@aprylrittenhouse4562]

Thank you for another insightful dive into history.

[@bim-ska-la-bim4433]

What a fantastic overview...well done...

[@coyote4237]

This was great. Thank you.

[@cliffgaither]

That horse, in that beautiful painting :: _Right in the Balls of the Enemy !_

[@ssdj04]

Nice job narrating I’m from NH Great layout of some awesome history Love it

[@90youngjulia]

Thank you so much sharing your knowledge with us :)

[@davidhochstetler4068]

My direct relatives were part of a Native American massacre during the war. They could have fought them off, but being Amish the patriarch refused to let his sons fight back. Several were dragged off into captivity

[@tylerjeb7888]

Smart.

[@WhiteCamry]

That's quite a book collection behind you @ 15:20

[@jackslepowron5905]

Great video

[@jayplay8869]

I’ve walked thru bloody marsh . At simons island and Jekyll island is where I spend most my summers

[@promiscuous5761]

Thank you.

[@TheDarthbinky]

Fun side fact: early in the 1754 war, around 1757 or so, Pennsylvania's legislature was trying to raise funds to build an army to fight the French and their Indian allies out in the western part of the colony. But to do so, they would have to raise taxes. Since the wealthy Penn family, after whom the colony was named, owned something like 80% of the colony, they were to be the ones hardest hit by the tax hike. So they chose to essentially bribe the royal governor to veto the tax legislation, which frustrated the legislators to no end. One of these legislators was a guy named Benjamin Franklin. He is credited with writing an anonymous open letter blasting the Penns for their shenanigans, and included a line about "those who would trade liberty for safety deserve neither" (I'm paraphrasing, as people often do with that quotation). It was entirely about the wealthy people not letting the government protect its people. So when your "2nd Amendment" friend quotemines that line, you can point out that it's not about what they think it is and maybe they should read the entire article. To end the story, Franklin wound up going to England to try to convince the king (George II at the time) to support the legislature. He failed to get the king's support, and returned to the colony. He was sent back to England a few years later to try again, but while he was there, he suddenly became an unofficial spokesman for the colonists, and Parliament summoned him to explain why the colonists were so upset about the tax raises like the Stamp Act. His answer (which was not entirely accurate- he basically claimed that the colonists didn't like "internal" taxation but would not object to "external" taxation) convinced Parliament to switch gears- it revoked the Stamp Act and ultimately went with the Townshend Acts, which led to events like the Boston "Massacre" and eventually the revolution. So it's kind of Franklin's fault that Parliament bungled the tax issues leading up to the revolution, and it all ultimately stems from rich people not wanting to pay taxes. Edit: one last thing- France didn't lose ALL of its colonies in America, although they did lose the overwhelmingly majority of them. France kept two small islands off the coast of Newfoundland called St. Pierre and Miquelon because they were important fishing communities. France still owns them to this day.

[@alanpennie8013]

Those little islands caused quite a ruckus in WW2 when De Gaulle took them over without informing The US Government in advance. There was a good deal of angry talk about The Monroe Doctrine.

[@EdinburghFive]

Your comment about Saint Pierre and Miquelon is partly correct. The islands belonged the British, having been ceded in 1713 by France under the Treaty of Utrecht. Britain gave the islands to France in 1763 so the French could pursue the fishing rights they were granted along the western shore of Newfoundland.

[@budakbaongsiah]

17:57 I knew I've seen that image before! I thought Alex Casanas made it by his own for his Monument Mythos!

[@vcab6875]

Outstanding video. Brits took Havana not Cuba. Payback came during the American Revolutionary War.

[@davea6314]

The movie "The Last of the Mohicans" had many historical inaccuracies.

[@trickynotes9548]

The book was worse.

[@thezieg]

@@trickynotes9548 it was, indeed. It was propaganda for 19th century white supremacy and a paean to a "vanishing Indian culture".

[@thezieg]

@Dave A Ya think??

[@TheGahta]

Your point being?

[@docwoz]

So did the movie Star Wars. Wait, where am I???

[@DivideByZeroGetCake]

Currently living in Pittsburgh, I was frantically typing a correction to the pronunciation of "Duquesne" when you inserted the correction 😂

[@RichWoods23]

It's unfortunate, but when I hear pronunciation mistakes like that being made it does make me wonder if the narrator is just reading from a book or two and has never actually studied the period in a formal setting. Not that amateur historians can't be very capable and competent, but formal study does at least ensure that the breadth of the subject is covered and important elements aren't missed out.

[@bennyuchiha8501]

17th person and first nigerian here

[@bjkarana]

odd flex, but I respect it.

[@checkoffgames]

I find this comment very entertaining

[@HistoryandHeadlines]

Interesting topic that I get to teach about both in my American and Western history courses. What is your favorite film set during this conflict?

[@krispy6796]

🙉🙈🙊

[@HistoryandHeadlines]

@@krispy6796 The emojis are not displaying clearly on my device, so I don't know what you're trying to say.

[@Kobolds_in_a_trenchcoat]

@@HistoryandHeadlines they are emojis of the three wise monkeys: hear no evil, see no evil, speak no evil. I have no idea why they sent the emojis, I'm just stating what I see.

[@HistoryandHeadlines]

@@Kobolds_in_a_trenchcoat Thank you for letting me know. Yes, I wonder what Krispy was trying to convey?

[@PhoenixAscending]

Last of the Mohicans fs

[@johncrwarner]

I like the name for the late 17th century to the mid to late 18th century as the Second Hundred Years War It is a rather Eurocentric name but there was continual rivalry / war / raiding going on in North America as the French and English / British jockeyed for power. The different strategies of the French and English / British to the various Eastern Native Tribes and the English / British Colonists approaches over time are interesting.

[@AlwrichPierreLouis]

nice Jobe for your story 😄

[@groovinhooves]

1763 also saw the start of another line of eventual NA conflict. A through-line?

[@dupeesfashionconsultant4204]

Damn I wish you could've created my college lectures that would've been so clutch

[@kzonedd7718]

It displeases us that the King made no appearance... but your pronounciation of 'Utrecht' made up for it. :-P

[@Hchris101]

this is the best stuff for my brain i just need a glass of chocolate milk

[@katiemarshall4340]

Sorry Cypher just one gripe, nothing glorious about that Revolution up here in Scotland. He's called Bloody William here for major reason. Just had to get that off my chest. Great video all the same

[@Keycity60]

Does the battle of Sideling Hill in Pennsylvania in 1756 fit into this narrative?

[@Henners1991]

Your Fort Duquesne mishap didn't phase me in the slightest :) ...that pronounciation of "Utrecht," though ;D

[@DevinMoorhead]

Vlogging Through History collab when?

[@alanpennie8013]

They could have called The French and Indian War King George's Other War but I can understand why they didn't.

[@peterhaag5225]

Fun fact my hometown is named for the man who kicked out the French from Acadia

[@davehollick3646]

You should hear how yinzers pronounce Duquesne. DoooKane

[@doneiliragaba1266]

Who is actually a student in the College where Cypher teach? Watching it

[@andreasantoni6896]

This part of 8th grade American history was what I didn't get.

[@stevenm3823]

A vast majority of Americans are woefully awful in their knowledge of U.S. history...if asked they would say the French and Indian War was a war between the French and the Indians.

[@CynicalHistorian]

Hilariously, I've had a couple claiming that and saying that "I don't know anything." Ignorance abounds

[@thevenbede767]

Wales and England united under Henry VIII

[@TheJhonny18c]

Aspa de borgoña toujour

[@nathanielkingsbury6355]

Commenting helps the KZbin Algorithm!

[@blackwolf6707]

why would you call it a con·fed·er·a·cy "a league or alliance" or, "especially of confederate states" "

[@logansmith3616]

Yooo Kevin butler teaches at my school

[@marcafterdark1003]

the British sent there best general Wolfe and the French sent there worst General Montcalm wtf

[@EdinburghFive]

And the battle was a near-run thing, so what does that tell you?

[@ianmoore3470]

0:15 In New Mexico?😂

[@stevebananas5788]

That violin hurt my ears

[@peterneijs387]

world war one

[@pavelandreev4727]

I will disagree with you for the first time ever and it's only because of what you yourself teach: I don't like the "It led directly to the American war of independence " . It just isn't nuanced enough. You could say it facilitated it, or put fuel in the fire or something. There are simply too many other events that also lead directly to your independence...

[@AlwrichPierreLouis]

thanks, you for your story.!