How to CONVERT units of measurements

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Conversion of units is the conversion between different units of measurement for the same quantity, typically through multiplicative conversion factors which change the measured quantity value without changing its effects. Unit conversion is often easier within the metric or the SI than in others, due to the regular 10-base in all units and the prefixes that increase or decrease by 3 powers of 10 at a time.
An exchange rate is how much it costs to exchange one currency for another. Exchange rates fluctuate constantly throughout the week as currencies are actively traded. This pushes the price up and down, similar to other assets such as gold or stocks.
The market price of a currency-how many U.S. dollars it takes to buy a Canadian dollar for example-is different than the rate you will receive from your bank when you exchange currency. It is often a key element of financial trilemmas. Here's how exchange rates work, and how to figure out if you are getting a good deal.