Is this famous Appalachian valley an impact crater or an ancient volcano?

[@thomasward1161]

I absolutely love Burke's Garden! One of most beautiful valleys you will ever see. I wanted to buy a farm there a year so ago, but the area was too remote for my wife. There's only one road back to the Tazewell area and it's very curvy. Thanks for explaining how the Valley came to be!

[@TheGeoModels]

glad the video made it to you!

[@robertunderwood1011]

I used to explore caves in the Bland Area. Skydusky Hollow. Saw Burksgarden on the map and wondered if it was not a giant collapsed sinkhole

[@hopper1419]

@@robertunderwood1011 I've caved in Burkes Garden. Most of the caves are gated now due to bat issues.

[@atorres8760]

I’m enjoying this channel and the paint diagrams. Geology needs that visual. I’ve always been a basin and range kinda gal, but I think I should plan some trips out east. Thanks for the content!

[@TheGeoModels]

good stuff here, but wet and vegetated by B and R standards. we will get some extensional stuff worked in here directly. thanks for the watch and comment!

[@vhhawk]

When I lived in Winston-Salem, I had a job opportunity to work at New River Valley. I didn't take it and a year later the job moved to Matamoros. But I still think about New River Valley. Your Appalachian videos take me back to those days.

[@TheGeoModels]

new river valley is hard to beat! wish I spent more time there!

[@longfalllureoutdoors7321]

​@TheGeoModels I have lived in the nrv since 2004 and off and on before then growing up... love it here, can hunt giant whitetails and catch world.class smallmouth, walleyes and musky!

[@wompinoag]

Just visited Mammoth Caves, I'd love a video on their formation and how the water moves underground. Great video, as always.

[@TheGeoModels]

Probly ought to do a karst video one of these days. Darryl Granger at Purdue has done some cool work about the development of Mammoth Cave. Google might serve up some info about it!

[@hootis8]

Was hiking the AT and came to the shelter on the south rim with a great view of the garden. It was quite the sight. Didn't know anything about it at the time.

[@TheGeoModels]

you stay at firewardens cabin?

[@hootis8]

@@TheGeoModels Yep!

[@TheGeoModels]

@@hootis8 nice

[@No-ll3mh]

I love this channel, I feel like its the video lectures for the kind of college class you'd remember forever

[@TheGeoModels]

thanks! I tried to give some good ones at Virginia tech back in the day. wish a former student would happen by!

[@Holabirdsupercluster]

I know someone who ended up getting a PhD in geochemistry after starting out as a German lit major as an undergrad and taking a rocks for jocks *summer* class to fulfil her science req. Geology is just that interesting!

[@CarrieCarnes]

I'd love to see the Cumberland Gap area. I live in Middleboro, KY and you could, perhaps, work in the impact crater that forms the foundation of our town. Just a suggestion. Great video 👍

[@TheGeoModels]

Yep, you will see it!

[@dmontilla88]

Subscribed the moment that paint diagram went 3D. Bravo

[@richb2229]

Straight to the point, refreshing! Erosion through different kinds of bedrock is awesome.

[@TheGeoModels]

Makes incredible patterns, especially in Pennsylvania.

[@rk41gator]

I love your 'drawing interludes'. Nice hand.

[@hgbugalou]

Could you do a video/drawings on New Madrid Seismic zone and cover the newest theory about mantle sinking of the old faralon plate left overs possibly being the stress source for the rift? I know you did one covering the basics of the area (and it was good!) but there is very little on youtube expanding on some of the newest ideas out there about the fault zone. I have read a ton of papers and can provide them if need be, but I am sure you are way ahead of me being a geologist. Thanks!

[@TheGeoModels]

send along a couple of those paper links! haven’t seen them

[@geoffrymcgary]

Discovered this channel because of the Helene vids, but now I'm hooked. While not as dramatic as the debris flow stuff, it's cool to learn about the rocky folds of my region :)

[@jhbailey929]

Burke's Garden is amazing, thank you for the great video. My dad went there decades ago to install a modern telephone switch for the community, which is how we discovered the hidden treasure. Saltville is another nearby geological curiosity that I find fascinating, especially due to the historical significance.

[@patricknorton5788]

Beautiful illustrations, and very clear explanation.

[@Celtic2Realms]

Who could tell that watching Paint dry would be so interesting. Lovely videos

[@TheGeoModels]

Thanks! It's a pretty low overhead painting experience! Glad you enjoyed it

[@belliott538]

All places and landforms will forever change… right up to the point that our Sun swallows the Earth in its Red Giant phase… Love your Channel and Especially your Excellent illustrations! Cheers! From Southeast Texas!

[@jeffmercer9655]

Never was much into geology but you and Myron cook has got me interested

[@TheGeoModels]

right on

[@nathanrichard7676]

As an interesting contrast, a discussion of the Serpent Mound Impact Structure and how the rock was shaped by an impact would be fascinating.

[@StinkyJimbo5]

@TheGeoModels I wanted to thank you for producing these; I found Burkes garden on satellite maps years ago and always wondered how it was created. These videos are extremely interesting and understandable from a non-geologist perspective! I hope you keep it up brother I’ll be a long time subscriber!

[@OG-Crime29]

Phillip, your videos are amazing. Perfect, I think, for anyone with an interest in geology, but lacking any real education on the subject. You’re a phenomenal educator. I feel like I’m auditing some hundred level geology courses. Thank you so much for the education.

[@dontaylor8103]

This is just remarkable. Back in geologic time, I took a geology class at Virginia Tech. It was the best class ever. And watching your walk through is just so insightful. A million thanks for making the hills come alive. (I've waited for years to use that one. You are welcome. hahah)

[@TheGeoModels]

Thanks! I'll have a video about Radford and Christiansburg down the road.

[@markmonroe7330]

Excellent presentation. Thank you. As with some of your other videos, the AT runs right across the rim there. Lovely hike should anyone get the chance to be in that area. Love that area and have been in and around that basin many times.

[@pmm1044]

Really enjoy your vids. Appreciate your drawing skill!

[@TheGeoModels]

thanks! the drawing is definitely the biggest part for me!

[@gbro8822]

Thank you brother. I'm just over two weeks having my left knee replaced. Its been great watching your videos. Thank you.

[@TheGeoModels]

I am glad you are enjoying them! Hope your knee makes good progress!

[@gbro8822]

@@TheGeoModels Thank you, please keep them coming.

[@TheGeoModels]

@@gbro8822 will do my best! Sometimes the day jobs get in the way but doing what I can. I have fun with the drawings, for sure.

[@gbro8822]

@@TheGeoModels They are simply amazing

[@crowonawirehome]

I’ve become obsessed with geology for some reason The videos on this channel are among the best.

[@TheGeoModels]

thanks! trying to illustrate some concepts in a way that doesn’t get out of academia too often.

[@BenLymanO_o]

@thegeomodels It would be so cool if you had a nap that showed all of the areas you've detailed and links to those videos. There's an area I'm curious about and I'm not sure if you have a video for it or not

[@johncamp2567]

Always informative and well presented!! Thanks for sharing your x-ray vision with us!

[@TheGeoModels]

Thanks! It's tough to try to communicate how you look at things after working in geology for a while but I am trying to get there!

[@MrBriteguy]

Thanks for this one, Philip! Always been fascinated by this place. This is a great breakdown! Another one to add to the list might be Grassy Cove, TN. Definitely a bowl, but not sure if it is actually a breached dome though. Ridges are a little more messy around here. Frozen Head area to the north its pretty interesting too. Just sayin.

[@TheGeoModels]

grassy might be the biggest blind valley in Appalachia! also unsure if it is on a structural high or just preferential solution/collapse on the sequatchie anticline. there’s definitely structure there, but at a fairly low amplitude. I need to give it a LiDAR cruise. I’d love to walk the structural fronts around the base of Frozen Head/Brushies

[@pmiecz]

You make MS Paint look more powerful than latest AI powered 3D software.

[@TheGeoModels]

I do what I can! Thanks!

[@codegnave]

Your videos got me looking at the lidar map and obviously I went to check out the place I grew up, its a lot of fun to see a place you were once so familiar with in a new way! But while I feel I have a basic idea of what I'm looking at in regards to the layering and how folding layers and erosion could have formed it in the abstract, I am now curious for specifics, and since I don't know if your wheelhouse includes the PA Piedmont(or maybe the Reading Prong? hard to tell) I wonder if you could do a video like your how-to LiDAR video on how to find information about a specific place. Also, if the Piedmont is in your wheelhouse I'd love to see you explain it haha, my hometown looks like its sitting in a strongly curved hill and valley chain, but its right next to another structure just like it right next to it and now I really curious about them. There even seem to be others like them further south along the eastern edge of mountains.

[@TheGeoModels]

The how to find information thing is an interesting idea...might try that one! I do some Piedmont stuff, but it's harder to make a defined subsurface structure diagram because Piedmont structure is complex and from the highly deformed "core" of the ancient Appalachians. I'll have to give it a thought, but the information angle is a really interesting idea.

[@markmcarthy596]

The 38th parallel in Missouri is a known impact zone, Washington State Park, Robinson Bluff have similar features - it’s not out of the realm of possibilities that Burkes Garden is the product of a big hit

[@TheGeoModels]

burkes is definitely structural geology only. wells creek, jeptha knob, and middlesboro, now, are def impacts!

[@oddball404]

Another great video. As always I check out the topic area via topo and 3DEP. Would it be fair to assume that the future of Burke's Garden will be a stream capture from Roaring Fork to the SSW? Roaring Fork drops 1000 feet in approximately 5 miles while Wolf Creek takes approximately 11 miles to drop the same. Wolf Creek also seems to be meandering, suggesting active channel deepening might not be as active as it seems it is for Roaring Fork. Or will the sandstone be too much of a barrier erosionally for this to happen? Also as a reminder, still looking forward to that Tennessee River Gorge video!

[@TheGeoModels]

ha! keep reminding. roaring fork is indeed losing ground to all its neighboring basins. in the future, it will be a tiny little plateau that is still the highest thing around! the Tennessee vid will require a few cross sections like this one did…

[@richarddrum9970]

Burkes Garden is an amazing place to visit. Highly recommended for a visit especially in the fall. Enjoy.

[@TheGeoModels]

It's a good one!

[@basara5496]

Great minds apparently think alike. In the last couple days Shawn Willsey did a video on a long straight valley out west like the one in the middle of your terrain drawing to the left of your main subject, where it was formed by the softer layer between harder ones eroding away. The two videos go together great.

[@TheGeoModels]

He is a prolific video maker for sure!

[@michaelp340]

Excellent-love this channel and have been intrigued by Burkes Garden since my college days near Princeton. Great video

[@TheGeoModels]

Concord?

[@michaelp340]

Yes-you got it!

[@michaelp340]

Yes-that’s right!

[@karentrimmer]

I just found this channel after Helena and after watching several videos, I notice I'm always cross referencing the information I'm learning with what I've been learning from Shawn Willsey's videos. In his Geology 101 Series, he has recently put out videos on "strike & dip" and "folds." They fit in perfectly with this video. I would love to see a collaboration video with the two of you. Shawn has done several collaborations, maybe you already did one and I missed it?

[@andrewgcrowhurst]

As someone who lives in North Tazewell this was amazing. Thanks

[@rongaul8169]

Something I noticed to the east?, (right side of the screen), of Burks Garden. Where the mountain ridges jog to the west. Right in the area where you fold occurred.

[@PaulYeatonFamily]

Quite fascinating and thanks for making this digestible to the non-geologist. I still struggle to envision the volume of material that had to be carried out that tiny gap defined by Wolf Creek.... Is it now somewhere in the Mississippi valley?

[@garymetzker5763]

very nice drawing . Very good job..

[@TheGeoModels]

Many many thanks

[@LeCharles07]

I love the impermanence of geology. It's really is amazing how something that seems unchanging is actually changing constantly.

[@TheGeoModels]

every time it rains in Appalachia!

[@johnkinsel5027]

Before some broken bones we were going to haul the bicycles to Burke's Garden and the Creeper Trail. I have been intrigued by the valley for years from hiker vlogs.

[@MrLordZordec]

Burkes Garden - one of the most peaceful places I have ever been. Question: At the far southern end of Pine Mountain, in Pioneer, TN, the entire landscape forms a near perfect 90 degree angle. I-75 makes a sharp right turn. The line of mountains that dead-end at Caryville look like they should dead-end at Rocky Top. What is going on there?

[@TheGeoModels]

Probly needs its own video! The sharp turn is the edge of the Pine Mountain Thrust sheet...it broke away on an existing fault as the Appalachians were being pushed and folded. The result was the "clean," angular break instead of a curving end to the thrust block. Got a Pine Mountain/Cumberland Gap type video coming out today.

[@garymetzker5763]

You are awesome dude, Cal tech should hire you..

[@TheGeoModels]

Thanks! My old PhD advisor did his doctorate there, I believe

[@phoenixshade3]

If you haven't covered already, I'd love to see your analysis of the Seneca Rocks, WV formation, which extends a considerable way along that ridge. Plys, I just wanna see the LIDAR imagery.

[@TheGeoModels]

yeah that ones planned…great minds think alike I suppose!

[@deeljr]

Is there evidence of sandstone in the valley? The valley maps as dolostone and shale. If this was caused by a sandstone fold I can't understand what happened to the sandstone and why it's gone but the neighboring sandstone peaks remain. I dated a girl from Burkes Garden many moons ago. Fascinating place!

[@Vulcano7965]

Your paint drawings would make excellent prints. e.g. if cleaned up a bit this compilation at 21:55 has such a nice feel to it.

[@TheGeoModels]

I genuinely appreciate that! I might actually try that one of these days. Personally I thought the drawings for the "wrinkled layers of rock" video on my channel were pretty good, though some might not have liked the pastel colors. In any case, you made my day!

[@Vulcano7965]

@@TheGeoModels I'm glad I could do that! You do a hell of a job explaining the geology with merely paint and for it to look good! Most would stick to a simple 2D diagram view without the extra depth.

[@llamaladysg]

Domed structures are more subject to erosion because when you bend a stiff layer into an arch, the top cracks. These cracks weaken the rock and make it easier for water to penetrate and erode away that part of the structure.

[@tntwo99]

I live in Shady Valley which is like Burke's Garden. People have said it was a meteor site or an ancient lake. Would love to know for sure.

[@ingridcc1-123]

Love watching your drawings, both animated and real time! I still don't understand where all the eroded material went after the arched / folded high area eroded. Did it all exit through that little cleft? Does that imply that the erosion took place on a very slow timescale, where the eroded material was very fine grained and could slowly wash down that little creek? Or did it literally dissolve, like limestone can?

[@loganv0410]

How about a vid on Grassy Cove near Crossville TN?

[@TheGeoModels]

It's referenced in here, though possibly not by name. Might do a big Appalachian karst depression video one of these days. Grassy Cove is cool because it's totally a blind valley with a structural story as well. kzbin.info/www/bejne/g2PSmWx4jdONf5Y

[@hopper1419]

I've spent some time in the caves that dot the valley floor of Burkes Garden. There are some unique bat species that live in some of them. I've explored Thompson and Rich Valley for caves. Very beautiful areas.

[@TheGeoModels]

Thompson Valley is geologically interesting. one of these days I am going to get to the top of Morris Knob.

[@PaulYeatonFamily]

What's up with Roanoke? How was this structure formed?

[@birdman1174]

But where did the erosional material go? Where is it now?

[@boreduser1583]

Is this similar to Grassy Cove, that has no “outlet”, on the north end of the Sequatchie valley? Or is it more that this valley, separated by a mountain, hasn’t connected to the main valley to the south?

[@reginathompson9350]

Newbie here, would be interested in learning about Sand Mountain, Alabama.

[@harolddenton6031]

Burkes garden is a garden of eden on earth. It is beautiful dirung sunrise in very early.mornimg and even more beautiful at sunset. I camped out up top of mountaun this past early may with some AT thru hikers that i had feed 4 times since first meeting them up by sams gap,nc on april 7 th. The AT crosses chestnut ridge on the south side of burkes garden.

[@Mattribute]

Been flying over those hills that look like clean waves coming in from the sea and always wondered how they could have formed. Thanks to you, now I know!

[@allenra530]

On the eastern side of the Wasatch in Utah, there is a very long exposure of eroded layers between US 6 and Utah 24. It is bisected by I-70 and has a lot of interesting formations along it. Since this is part of the Basin and Range Province, the exposures are the result of extension and Normal Faults, rather than the compressional folding that the Appalachia region has experienced. The formations are beautiful and the National Parks along there include Arches, Canyonlands and Capitol Reef.

[@aksunai-99]

Question: Burke's Garden is a "nearly enclosed" valley. So how did the eroded remnants of the overlying rock layers escape? Where did they go?

[@AnMu-h5z]

Probably wind at first, then the probably by the one stream that exits the valley

[@MACD69]

Used to live in roanoke so I love the regional geology. Passed by Burke's Garden on my way up the AT to Bland. Always wondered what happened to form it. Thanks for the video! There must be some caves for drainage in the garden

[@TheGeoModels]

Plenty of sinkholes, for sure. If it were closer to a large river/lower external valleys, it would be comically full of caves!

[@MrWas-g6o]

I’ve been on that section of 77 and it’s nice, but didn’t know THAT BIG GAPING HOLE EXISTED

[@garyb6219]

Excellent video. Where did all the eroded material go?

[@TheGeoModels]

Gulf of Mexico, or at least Mississippi delta or coastal plain (assuming teays river went to gulf always). one way or another it’s either in a “terminal” basin by now or well on its way. lots of it…it’s loading up the gulf margin so it slides slowly into the deeper gulf on the salt layers!

[@garyb6219]

@@TheGeoModels I meant, where did it exit that basin.

[@kkingquad]

Try lidar on Beartown Park in WV!

[@stephanr.rosier655]

What is Stone Mtn, Ga.?

[@ncbluegrassevents1984]

So is Charlotte motor speedway a volcano? We lived at harrisburg and our neighbor had these large strange black rocks all over their yard. The same rocks were also found near stonewall training center for bad juveniles. And in that area. Very strange. Charlotte motor speedway was a hole when i was a child and we used it for a landfield and drove across the speedway to dump our garbage

[@allthingsharbor]

Ever heard of The Cove, southeast of Woodbury, GA ? I'd love to know your take on that place.

[@TheGeoModels]

It's a good one. There would be similarities to this...really resistant quartz-rich rocks "holding up" ridges above more erodible rock. Complex structure out in there, though...have to think on how one might draft it out!

[@derekwebb7577]

I enjoyed the video. I just clicked on it to see if it was an impact structure and ended up watching the entire video. I just recently heard that TN has the most impact craters of any US state and have been looking into impact sites across the US as kind of a way to pass the time.

[@TheGeoModels]

yep, Tennessee and Kentucky have quite a few.

[@paulmacbay9404]

Hey, I live around that! Always wondered why it was like that.

[@TheGeoModels]

Glad the video came your way! Guaranteed the only generalized valley and ridge cross sections to be found on KZbin!

[@HylanderSB]

If you're using a tablet have you tried a ruler and or french curve? Might make the line drawing easier.

[@TheGeoModels]

Just a laptop screen...like I told another commenter, going freehand is most of the fun for me! Just curious to see if I can pull it off! I'm pretty good with a finger on a touch screen, but I use a digitizer pen for this one. It's tough with the screen up in front of me...would be easier with it laid flat!

[@harrycurtis9838]

Loved this. I think a similar thing (nowhere near as mountainous and over a larger area, but an eroded dome nonetheless) might be responsible for the topography of the South East of England, around the Weald and the bordering North and South Downs.

[@TheGeoModels]

Yes, it certainly is! It's a huge dome...goes under the channel over to the coast of France. I haven't actually compared size to Burke's Garden, but the Weald structure is substantial. It's an inverted basin, where an area that subsided and filled with sediment due to stretching of the crust was later compressed, squeezing the basin fill up and out to an extent. As far as geo structures go, it's a real icon. Lots of cool inverted basin features are visible along the south coast (Lulworth Cove, etc), but they are mostly the margins of the inverted areas, the rest of which are out in the channel.

[@stephenscott6570]

They are basic erosional windows over subsurface anti-formal stacked duplex structures. Lot of seismic and structural geology work done on them by Professor John Costain (deceased) from VaTech and Professor Robert Hatcher from Univ of Tennessee.

[@rockwestfahl]

Is this a conventional basin and range system like in Utah and Nevada?

[@TheGeoModels]

No, this is purely a compressional fold-and-thrust belt. There are no obvious extensional structures here. The area is similar to the Sevier fold and thrust belt out west, though much of the Sevier has undergone extension after the compressional phase to produce basin and range topography that cuts across the earlier folds and thrusts. The Sawteeth Range in Montan a is a good comparison, though just west of it extensional basin and range type structures occur. You can see the remnants of what would have been basin and range topography east of here in the Mesozoic Bains, though it is all eroded away now.

[@TomServo3006]

I’ve driven through that bowl formation going to Jersey Shore (pa) and never knew what formed it, very awesome! Going to have to find an excuse to go back through there now for sure. Also, I didn’t find a bigger boulder yet, but the Whaleback formation in Shamokin Pa might be close? It’s not sliding don’t any mountains anytime soon tho.

[@TheGeoModels]

I'll check it out!

[@rdbjrseattle]

See the Wetumka Impact crater in Alabama? Same odd shape.

[@bjjt-nu9dx]

Really like the level of detail you provide, good broadcasting voice. You don't sound like you are presenting to a class of 5th graders like a certain geology KZbinr I could name.

[@TheGeoModels]

Haha well I have not worked with the 5th grade age group...I should probly dial my stuff back a bit but I'm too much in the habit now and I also like making the diagrams show what I think are the cool parts. Glad you enjoy the videos!

[@bjjt-nu9dx]

@TheGeoModels John McPhee created lots of arm-chair big picture geology fans. You feed the addiction very well

[@SpacePog]

so it wasn't clear to me, but the wiki page says it was made neither by volcanos or a meteor impact.

[@mattjenbutzer7998]

Visited this wonderful place year's ago... We will never forget it..😎

[@TheGeoModels]

it’s awesome!

[@n8dawg640]

Are you developing these crossections yourself, or are you basing them off of crossections from geologic maps in the area? Developing crossections was probably the hardest part of my degree 😂 so if you’re pulling these off without a reference I just wanna say hats off to you man. The valley and ridge province is probably one of, if not my absolute, favorite provinces in the US, but I have never been able to get my mind around the structures and structure types expressed there

[@TheGeoModels]

I base them on published ones from the area. with a few reference point sections, you can do a good interpretation anywhere by adjusting ramp locations, duplexing, etc. this part of Appalachia is so large thrust sheet dominated that you just have to see it as parts fitting in a Tetris sort of way. like I said in the drawing part of the vid, the cambro ordovician carbonates and the Silurian sandstones are sort of the best markers. you look at outcrop patterns, determine map scale synclines and anticlines, locate the thrusts, and fit it all up.

[@stampoutup-talking1436]

Not so fast. Thrust faults slicing and dicing sedimentary strata that has varying erosional stability can leave some pretty strange geomorphologic features after many millions of years. Chandler Mountain in NE Alabama is a strange one too.

[@Nodd18]

Might find similar formations in the Scottish Highlands since they were once part of the same mountain range?

[@TheGeoModels]

Scotland has stuff a bit more like the blue ridge, but yes, there are similarities to Appalachian structures

[@MrMrspeterson08]

When you travel to the Highlands of Scotland, it is like being in the Appalachian Mountains

[@ncironjohn4336]

Burke’s Garden, on my must see list! And I’m so close and Richmond county North Carolina. As an Astro photographer, I can’t think of a better place to go shoot the sky.

[@TheGeoModels]

it would be outstanding!

[@smashing_data4292]

Just by looking at the yellow circle in the thumbnail I knew what area you are going to discuss. As the crow flies, I grew up approximately 30 miles from Burke's Garden but I have never been there.

[@TheGeoModels]

You have to have a reason to drive back in there! It's definitely out of the way...

[@harolddenton6031]

That burkes garden road that runs from route 42 is one rough gravel roadway that is a good about 8 mile crooked road.

[@NigelHaarstad]

I'm going to throw out a topic suggestion that might be quite a stretch, but after one of your previous videos, I checked out the USGS National Map and found LIDAR for my area. I live in the southern part of Glacial Lake Agassiz (Richland County, ND), where everything is flat with 100-300 feet of clay and other lakebed deposits. The LIDAR shows fascinating features like drag marks from drifting icebergs (some up to 16 miles long) that show us which way the prevailing winds traveled, old river channels, beaches, and cool interactions between ancient and present-day river channels. The geology is mostly clay, gravel, and sand-so not the most exciting 3D models, but hey, there are so many different types of clay! haha. For anyone interested, check out Anderson, Fred J. (2022). Icebergs in North Dakota and the Curious Ice-Drag Markings of Glacial Lake Agassiz. Geo News, ND Dept. of Mineral Resources. 🤓

[@NigelHaarstad]

In any event, I stayed up way past my bedtime for a few nights thanks to learning about that resource - thanks! XD

[@TheGeoModels]

Lidar will get you if you aren't careful!

[@SasquatchBioacoustic]

Germany Valley in Pendleton County WV is another good example, astride the doubley plunging Wills Mountain anticline.

[@TheGeoModels]

Yes, probly see that one in a vid down the road here!

[@charlescanningsr39]

Very well and clearly done.from and old fossel .

[@TheGeoModels]

thank you! I am especially appreciative if an old fossil likes it-I presume you have seen enough to have high standards!

[@promelt]

Wonderful channel. I'd love your thoughts on why the continent-continent collision between India and Eurasia keeps on grinding the Himalayas higher and higher? Why doesn't stress transfer to the oceanic crust south of India and buckle to initiate subduction in the Northern Indian Ocean?

[@TheGeoModels]

It probably will, eventually! Think that's going on around New Guinea...give that video on the channel a look if you haven't. I'd say we'd have to think about what's going down deep in the mantle. I'll give it a thought!

[@xanderlamping9556]

Great video, I've always wondered about how that type of feature formed in the Appalachians. This might be a good video idea for you if you have not made one already but another area that I have always wondered about in Appalachia is both forks of the Shenandoah river. Both the north fork and south fork have very exaggerated and regularly spaced meanders which I assume has something to do with some geology below. I know very low gradient streams in erodible sediment can form nice meanders but I have not seen anything quite to that extreme anywhere else.

[@TheGeoModels]

They are mentioned in this one video on here...from a couple months back. "What formed this giant 24,000 ft tall rock structure" or something like that. You are correct--it's the bedrock and the joint/fracture trends, with the rivers being "stuck" in the most erodible rock. Shout outs to your appreciation of cool looking stuff!

[@xanderlamping9556]

@@TheGeoModels Awesome, Ill have to check it out, Thanks!

[@kevin3434343434]

Great stuff! Thanks. I hope you have a Apple pen or something like that! My wrist is cramping at the thought of using a mouse..

[@TheGeoModels]

yep it’s a digitizer pen. still a pain on the tilted screen! as I have told folks I do get a kick out of just trying to pull it off!

[@kaboom4679]

If you want to cover an actual impact structure , check out the Wells Creek Formation in Tennessee .

[@TheGeoModels]

It and Jeptha Knob might roll up one of these days. Middlesboro will come along shortly. You ever been to Wells Creek? Curious if there are actual outcrops of messed up rock!

[@DJCAntisocial]

Great Video, Thanks :)

[@TheGeoModels]

Glad you liked it!

[@eerieforest9188]

Burkes Garden and the Dolly Sods - Roaring Plains plateau are the most interesting formations I know in the Appalachians.

[@TheGeoModels]

Still got to get up to Roaring Plains. Love all those balsam forest high points. Spruce Knob will show up in a vid down the road. Canaan Valley is actually sort of like a small Burkes Garden, but it's just an anticlinal fold without the full "double stack" of rock layers.

[@eerieforest9188]

@@TheGeoModels I never really thought how similar Burkes Garden was to Canaan but yeah. That's very interesting. and you can't really leave Canaan out of the plateau area geologically. The area south of Spruce Knob, Sinks of Gandy and Blister Swamp are wild, high valley and medihemist. Northern Pocahontas and Eastern Randolph county is an incredibly wild area. Roaring Plains is the best imo.

[@shish4197]

@@TheGeoModels Canaan Valley is cooler. Literally. Canaan regularly experiences the coldest observed temperatures in the lower 48, especially during the transitional seasons.

[@jasbradbur]

Family lore is that it is named after a great ancestors and we had family there, and one of them married a native from around there

[@TheGeoModels]

very cool!

[@kirkmorrison6131]

I have been there many times it is a beautiful place

[@TheGeoModels]

yes it is!

[@Turner.1]

Volcanic, ringed mountains around it,and textites have been found there

[@dennisfaulkner5470]

Could actually be an ancient giant sink hole.. collapsed cave?? 🤔😦

[@paultomkiel7008]

Lived there for one year! It is a magical place and absolutely beautiful. Glad to have an explanation for how it came to be! The locals claimed that it used to be a tall mountain that had a large limestone cavern in a mountain and it all came crashing down. (Close but not quite 😅) The water table is really close to the surface, so if one visits it is good to be careful of the well water since there are a lot of cows on the land and cows have E.Coli. One of the treasured memories I have, in addition to my wife and I's first cat, is that I saw a "Moonbow" (a rainbow made with moonlight). I think it was made possible by the valley's unique geology affecting the weather.

[@TheGeoModels]

limestone under sandstone is at least on the right track! there just ain’t much structural geology visual info out there, which I guess is what I am trying to do with this channel!

[@sylvesterdeal2883]

How about Canaan Valley WV? Tygart Valley WV? So many as you say. Bravo Zulu, a geologist with the nak, I became an engineer due to the lack a nak.

[@currentgiant7498]

I had always been told the Appalachia was formed when the Northwest Coast of Africa rotated south westward as it was breaking away from North America. As Africa broke away it rotated, crushed the East Coast westward and caused the folded landscape. I thought you would get around to explaining the Appalachia orogeny (building event).

[@TheGeoModels]

Might do that one of these days

[@fergysr]

Philip Trents seems like the kind of cat that would give you a Michelob and let you hang out in his garage to watch the game with him.

[@TheGeoModels]

Philip Prince (it actually has come through speakers as “Trince” before!) but yes, that sounds cool. High Life is good for that sort of thing. I favored Icehouse while I was tuning up my diagram drawing back in the day. we would likely do some pull ups during commercials. Thanks for the watch and comment!