Ivy League Scholar Explains How the Qur’an Evolved | Recovering Qur’anic Arabic

Ivy League Scholar Explains How the Qur’an Evolved | Recovering Qur’anic Arabic | Munther Younes

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Күн бұрын

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@radwanabu-issa4350 Ай бұрын

Munther Younes is a lecturer and not an assistant, associate or full professor, these are two very different positions, it is just to pinpoint out the correct title! Yes, the owner of the channel took away the word "professor" and replace it by "scholar" in the title after my comment!

@sbzush Ай бұрын

He doesn’t even qualify as a high school teacher. By Allah, a 5th grader in a معهد ديني would wipe the floor with his claims. It is confounding that such fallacious noise has an audience!

@danielnelson9333 Ай бұрын

@radwanabu-issa4350 seems a bit nitpicky. Isn't lecturer similar to, or actually quite a bit better than (in terms of your status in the university) adjunct professor? And surely an adjunct prof. Is a professor?

@stevegilcrest8175 26 күн бұрын

Facts and truth don't need a title.

@KhalifaZayed-f9n Ай бұрын

The subject of the video is: How Quran Evolved, yet the guest and the presenter goof off to different topics like the origin of the Arabic Language and did the guest study Hebrew at that point 32 minutes passed without hearing one serious point how the Quran has evolved. As a serious student and researcher of Quran myself, I have my own doubts about both the guest and the presenter's lack of knowledge on the subject. Really it is not worth wasting more time on such a video.

@TheRoundtable_RTG Ай бұрын

This channel does deal with a lot of speculation. Once in a while there’s a solid professor on here. But still everything is highly speculative

@Fay1298 Ай бұрын

Thank you, Professor Reynolds, for hosting Professor Younes. His willingness to challenge conventional interpretations and offer nuanced perspectives on the presence of Arabic, Hebrew, and other languages in the Quran is both insightful and admirable.

@pokri Ай бұрын

Awesome ! Even Gabriel's interruptions were enlightening ! This channel is so good for study of Islam and its origins

@Abdulwadud-I Ай бұрын

Amazing interview as always! at every turn I find the footprints of great men who have traveled this path long before me and articulated the very ideas I’m grappling with far better than I ever could. On a side note my first childhood crush in school was a beautiful Somali girl named *Falastin* and the Madrasa was called *Salahuddin* 😊Couldn't make this up! What a coincidence haha, I only recently realized it after doing some inner child work... Subhana-Allah! The love for Palestine and its people is so deeply rooted in our hearts as an Ummah from childhood. Much love ❤❤❤ 🚓🚓And for the Haram Police in petrol. It was before the age of 7 or there about. So, boys and girls were still allowed to sit together. I was a little sad after we had to separate.

@DarioHaruni 16 күн бұрын

There is an Italian linguist who proposed that Semitic languages and Indo-European languages are related. His name is Graziadio Isaia Ascoli.

@AL-ss5wq Ай бұрын

The issue with these type of arguments is that they are just shots in the dark based on guessing and speculating, perhaps they seem entertaining but they lack substance. The whole video seems to ignore that the Quran is a recitation and that is the first method of transmission. The recitation is mass-transmitted since the dawn of Islam. Today when you get an Ijazah (proof that you memorized the whole Quran) you get with it a chain of transmission that goes from your teacher to the prophet Muhammad (may peace be upon him). So saying that a word should have been this and not that, you need to find proof of this in the recitation first. Then maybe you have legs to stand on.

@Thorwald_Franke Ай бұрын

You really think that there is an unbroken and documented chain of transmission? And all by memorizing? I am sorry, but you should develop more scepticism. There is no such thing like a documented and unbroken chain of transmission. And written text has played a major role, not the memorizing. You know the hadith that calif Uthman encountered Muslims who had learned the Quran in a different version than his preferred one? Even the hadith literature knows that memorizing is not a guarantee for anything. This is not about belittling Islam. Because this problem is a problem for all religions. Islam is just sharing the same problems.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

Dr. Younes is wrong . There is no uthmanic codex. At best It should be the abd al-malik codex. The idea of uthmanic codex comes from the now debunked standard islamic narrative, created centuries later by Abbasids, who hated the Umayyads. All the earliest quran manuscripts start appearing during and after the reign of ummayad ruler abd al-malik in late 7th century. Arabs start compiling and standardising the quran from pre-existing Arabic literature, which is mostly derived from syriac Christian texts, Babylon Talmud, Arabic poetry etc. During the reign of abd al-malik. His governor al-hajjaj is very instrumental in this project.

@jma7600 Ай бұрын

If recitation came first as you say, why were the obvious textual mistakes not corrected in the first instance ? There must have been ample time for revisions before allowing the “mistakes” to become canonical recitation today. Can you honestly admit that the Tajweed and Ijazah are based on the recitation and memorisation of a defective written text and NOT on what the prophet may have recited orally. Anyone who learns to recite the Qur’an today will rely on the existing text and not on what the teacher may recite. This in itself defeats the chain of transmission theory.

@AL-ss5wq Ай бұрын

@@Thorwald_Franke there is an unbroken chain of transmission. And I am sorry to say but Islam does not share the same problem with all the other religions. Granted I am biased, but you don’t have to take it from me, take it from the western scholars, the level of preservation in Islam is head and shoulders above everything else. Hadith means it goes back to the prophet of Islam, I think you meant Khabar in your text above. And yes I am aware that there are variations but all these variations trace back to the prophet of Islam (aahruf) that then get combined and lead to kiraaat. Calif Uthman may have preferred the Hijaz dialect but that is understandable. As for the written text that is true now, but it didn’t play a major role before as they were a rarity, and I am not sure if you are an Arabic speaker, but the Quran is quite unique in that sense, it’s a melodic text that is very easy to memorize. Millions of people memorize the whole Quran today even 6-10 years olds. So I don’t agree with your premise that the text played a major role in the memorization. Having a good dose of skepticism is very important, in fact as a Muslim I am commanded to have a healthy dose of it and ask for proof.

@AL-ss5wq Ай бұрын

@@jma7600 you will have to be specific when you say obvious mistakes. And yes if you want to memorize the Quran in an official capacity and get an Ijazah, you actually have to go and study in the mosque under someone who already did this and got his Ijazah. They will correct your mistakes in pronunciation and teach you the correct tajwid that they learned from their teachers and so on.. if you want to memorize by yourself then yes sure, you will pick up a copy and read by yourself, but you really think this is what people did hundreds of years ago when books were not so prevalent and people had to worry first about food… not only that, but many of them did not know how to read, but they definitely can memorize an oral text, especially a text that is very melodic like the Quran.

@emongral Ай бұрын

Very interesting, thanks to both of you for this discussion. More please

@Tameron-xv8yn Ай бұрын

I wish the interviewer would stop interrupting and allow the guest to finish his thoughts and points. The interruptions are not helpful. it's distracting.

@MrBerto800 Ай бұрын

I love this line of research and hope to see the critical studies on Islam and Arabic grow, like we have for biblical critical scholarship.

@harrispinkham Ай бұрын

Thank you, really loving your videos!

@thenun1846 Ай бұрын

It really is fascinating learning how Islam was invented, developed and made into a religion Another great episode Dr Reynolds!

@mjaffer5325 Ай бұрын

This was very interesting, however my question from the professor is whether he has sought to reconcile his views with the oral transmission of the Qur’an. It seems somewhat presumptuous to propose that the reading is different based on looking back at a few copies of old manuscripts.

@haiderhannan8038 Ай бұрын

I thought the Quran was also written down as it was dictated by Mohammad!

@qmanagement6002 Ай бұрын

I don’t really agree with he said: Even Cain and Abel rhyme in Arabic , the names were changed to rhyme : Arabic Habil and Qabil Vs Hebrew Habil and Qayin The context of the Ilyaseen Surah clearly show it is referring to Elijah, it was just made to Ryhme with other verses So the Same can be said if Sinai and Sineen , it would not make sense for it to be a random Palestinian mountain

@matt291 Ай бұрын

Seems like it makes perfect sense if the rhyme is more important than accuracy.

@hastigehond Ай бұрын

And what are your educational credentials?

@matt291 Ай бұрын

@@hastigehond What were Mohammad's educational credentials?

@qmanagement6002 Ай бұрын

@@hastigehond what are you talking about my personal credentials? Why are you not addressing the arguments that I made in the comment - no one cares to hear my credentials, they care about what is the truth, and who makes the best argument for it . I am not saying he is wrong about everything , he is obviously an expert in text, but on these particular things - it is plainly wrong, and you can see from my comment why . It is nothing against him personally, it’s just that those particular things can be disproven so easily

@matt291 Ай бұрын

@@qmanagement6002 The question is though would God create a forced rhyme in a created language? To me clearly the Quran is the product of one or more human hands. I'm open to the idea that it was inspired by God but the suggestion that God's speech is limited to a human language is absurd.

@artf2651 Ай бұрын

1. If we were to take everyones opinion on words, it would be a mess 2. Just because u dont know a word urself doesnt mean an arab tribe somewhere didnt use it, example given is word Fatir ibn Abas didnt know this word, yet he encountered it when 2 beduins were fighting amon each other over a well 3. The quran by definition gives new names or meaning to words, thats what it does as part of its linguistic miracle 4. The last example is a good one, Dr. Yunus thought of a new meaning of a word in a certain context, then by looking at Tabari, he counters this early argument already being made, he seems to allude, that his argument is strong because someone else alludes to it earlier A word can be argued about 5. A big conspiracy -- so all the sahaba, reciters, scholars, --- just didnt see or hear of an invention in a manuscript ?!?!?! Someone changes a manuscript and no one realizes, that a NEW WORD in ARABIC enters the language and no one knows about it ?!?!?! 6. They didnt know words of the quran - such as asfali safilin in surah tur ?!?! I understand they were villagers not speaking classical arabic, so he would think of a new meaning of a quranic word, because it seemed closer to his worldview of a teen in Palestine ?! The logical thing is - I dont speak classical arabic, therefore I have to learn it, - not " I dont speak classical arabic, therefore I have to invent a meaning- strange its a stretch to say the least

@frisco61 Ай бұрын

“Linguistic miracle” 🙄

@artf2651 Ай бұрын

@@frisco61 Well try to make in ur mother language 1. A new literary style 2. Choose new usage for words that the arabs will understand 3. Make it in recitation with its own rules 4. Make it in various recitations with complementary meaning that helps the interpretation# 5. Speaks to peoples hearts that make it follow it and cry when hearing it 6. Make it easy to memorise 7. Make arab non believers think its magic, when hearing it 8. Challenge the world to produce something like it etc etc its soo easy 🙄

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

„FITRA is a "noun of kind" (Wright, Grammar* i, 123d) to the infinitive fatr and means (an Ethiopic loan-meaning, see Schwally, in ZDMG, liii, 199 f.; Nöldeke, Neue Beiträge, 49), "a kind or way of creating or of being created". It occurs in Kur'an, XXX, 29 (khilka, Baydawl) and other forms of this verb in the same meaning occur 14 times. But though Muhammad uses derived forms freely, it was obscure to his hearers. Ibn ´Abbas did not understand it until he heard a Bedouin use it of digging a well,and then the Bedouin probably meant the genuinely Arab sense of shakk (Lisdn, vi, 362, 1. 20).“ (Quotation from The Enceclopaedia of Islam, Vol 2, p.931f. ) Meanings and origins of fatr (leading to the „noun of a kind“ fitrah) as summary of the german text (citation given at the end of the paragraph): In this text (starting from page 199) Schwally gives 4 possible origins of „fatara“ „fatir“ referencing to arabian lexica (splitting, breaking the fast, unleavened, creating). For „splitting“ there are similarities with the assyrian and hebrew language, for breaking the fast he assumes an syriac-christian background, unleavend is of aramaic origin, for „creating“ an ethiopian origin is assumed, where it is used in this connotation quite commonly. Schwally describes also that a lot of words for religious terms or religious cult artifacts stem from ethiopian language. In: Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZDMG), Bd. 53, S. 199f. So the term „fitrah“ probably came back when some of the muslims fleeing to Abyssinia (Kingdom of Aksum) in the first hijra in 615 returned in 616. Fitra is first mentioned in surah Ar-Rum which is the second-to-last of the meccan surahs, which again correlates very well with muslims returning from the first Hijra to Abyssinia (616 AD). One of them was Muhammad‘s later wife Sauda (Sawda), which would clear the human „chain of narration/revelation“ very well.

@Toronado2 Ай бұрын

@amuthi1 The problem you have is that everything you cited and your own last input of the "Probable" origin of the term into Arabic is mere speculation, based on some speculative assertions of other would be Scholars that probably have incomplete evidence or incorrect evidence in their possession. If that is the criteria that you want to use then be ready to be refuted in the future when better more conclusive evidence shows up. Case in point, you said quote from Schwally' "Schwally gives 4 possible origins of „fatara“ „fatir“ referencing to arabian lexica (splitting, breaking the fast, unleavened, creating)." In all these cases He ASSUMES that the Quranic usage of the Term came Later, and not including WHICH Usage in a Particular Language came FIRST. Plus we know that Terms can incorporate different meanings along with nuances based on the usage of particular people. This is not an exact science where one can make these pronouncements about a Language.

@Toronado2 Ай бұрын

@davidusnazarus1700 Ай бұрын

Why are you not letting the guest speak????????? WTF man.???

@azizabdullah9107 Ай бұрын

Quran is easy and anyone who knows Arabic understands very well. This guy is out of context and ignorant.

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

I heard that one third of the Quran is not understood well and totally open to interpretation.

@TheRoundtable_RTG Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1you heard, but did you verify it before you run with a rumor

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

" Quran is easy" Can you tell me the meaning of ALM,❓

@ZazaMarkle Ай бұрын

Ur wrong

@FahadAyaz Ай бұрын

I've heard that even native Arabic speakers have trouble understanding parts of the Quran. Many people only know to assign it that meaning because that's what they've been told it means, not because it's easy to understand.

@defiantfaith324 25 күн бұрын

This types of guest always make Gabriel smile because it could calm his nervous system about fact on his bibles 😂

@zacharia7535 Ай бұрын

So he's claiming that Muslim scholars altered the Quranic text, specifically the Uthmanic rasm, yet these same scholars are the ones who produced and preserved the Uthmanic rasm. That makes no sense! His argument is a joke!

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

Could you explain, why except from Sura 112:1, "ahad" is never used in connection to Allah’s unity. The word that is always used in reference to Allah being one is "wahid". So with the big scholarly sledgehammer one has to create some "special quranic grammar" to get over this error in the quran. That does not mean these grammatical corrections in form of extra-rules were all done under Uthman.

@homer1273 Ай бұрын

Why are salafi Muslims so hypocrite? when it comes to Christianity and other religions you are easily accept that chrstian scholars changed the text of he Bible but are not willing to accept that the same was done by muslim clergy

@zacharia7535 Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1 First, the fact that a word is used only once in the Quran does not mean it did not exist or is invalid. The verse was recited by the Prophet in that specific way, with an unbroken chain of narration that traces back to him. Second, the Quran has been meticulously preserved both orally and in writing. So, if you claim that scholars invented a special Quranic grammar, how do you explain the phenomenon where people from different geographical regions, who never met, recite the same verses in exactly the same way?

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

@@zacharia7535 Recitations differ according to the specific readings. If you listened you herad about the example of "and Abraham was sitting" added to one verse in a reading. Next one: If the "prophet" had one specific way of reciting we would not have a multitude of readings but only a single ine,

@zacharia7535 Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1 Yes I know! The Qurʾān was inherently a multiform recitation, with multiple diverse, equally valid alternate readings to begin with.

@dadrewtv2 Ай бұрын

I read also in scholastic books, that even the copies of quran produced by Uthman had variance in them as mentioned in hadits.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

There is no uthmanic codex.. At best, It should be called Abd Al-Malik codex

@dadrewtv2 Ай бұрын

@@roshlew6994 Agreed. in reality "uthmanic" only an attribution. There is no mushaf that explicitly it was produced by uthman but after uthman. Be as it may, scholars stated that text variances among the copies (supposedly sent to various center of islamic provinces) were acknowledged by many quranic scholars.

@sadmed Ай бұрын

@@roshlew6994 you proof

@abdullahimusa9761 Ай бұрын

@@roshlew6994 Hythem SIdky's study on the manuscript traditions of the Qur'an begs to differ with our lie.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@@dadrewtv2 uthman didn't exist. The islamic narrative about origins of Islam including the origins of quran is created centuries later by Abbasids, who hated Umayyads. They redacted the story of the real origins of quran onto the rashidun period..

@mustafakhettymusic 21 күн бұрын

Ivy League is not a stamp of approval to suggest it is superior. The scholars of the first 200 years after the Prophet's departure have far more credibility, superiority, and legitimacy than an exalted reference to the 'Ivy League' stamp.

@sulemankhan8211 Ай бұрын

too much interruptions by Gabriel - he should allow the guest to complete his statements

@pvdguitars2951 12 күн бұрын

You don’t have to be a scholar to figure out that the book borrows words from other languages. Jibril from the Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל (Gabriel), Injeel from the Greek εὐαγγέλιον (evangelion), Jahim from Greek γέεννα (Gehenna), and Hebrew גַּיְא הִנֹּם (Gay Hinnom). And the list goes on and on, especially if you include Aramaic. No surprise, as all scared books tap from the same source.

@ذكرياتفلسطينية Ай бұрын

The dogs bark, but the caravan moves on.

@FahadAyaz Ай бұрын

Makes no sense in English

@ZulkfiQar Ай бұрын

@@FahadAyazStupid !

@exzoro8193 25 күн бұрын

Yes. The critical analysis of old stories and mythologies (qur'an, bible, torah, gita etc) will go on no matter what (barking of dogs).

@exzoro8193 25 күн бұрын

@@FahadAyazNo. It makes sense.

@fizikchy Ай бұрын

Great interview. Thanks for inviting Prof. Younes, giving us the oportunity to know such personality. There are some circles in Turkiye which take the Quran in a similar way Prof. Younes does. To be more concrete, they claim most of the Quran is understood under the influence of "Israiliyyat", Jewish tradition. Consequently, muslim scholars who are mostly influenced by this tradition, interpreted Quran this way, even changing the stories of prophets according to Israiliyyat. Thus they start from undotted version of Quran and apply rules of ishtiqaaq (derivation, in a sense) to re-read the Quran. Actually, they have another (very critical) postulate: understanding the Quran only with itself. This means excluding all sorts of sources: hadeeth, Israiliyyat, so on. Through their journey, they have had some interesting "discoveries". Some striking examples: 1) Adam is not first humanbeing. He was the ancestors of dynasty of prophets. Here dynasty is not used metaphorically. 2) The story known as between sons of Adam (Haabel and Qaabel in tradition) is actually the story of prophet Yousef and his elder brother. There is no a murder incident here. His elder brother castrated him (and did not throw him into the well!) so that he would not have children and prophethood would not come through his line. But, the prophethood followed "Esbaat", generations of daughters! 3) Ka'ba was the focus of all prophets. The saying about Aqsa is inserted later. 4) The word ve-Dribu-hunne in sura Nisa 34 must be read without dot: ve-Sribu-hunne (SRB nut DhRB). It changes the meaning from beating to reabilitating them (women). 5) Huruf al-muqatta'a: with these letters, Allah shows the symbols used in the Quran. Ex: "Elif, Lam, Ra. These are the symbols (or Verses) of the perspicuous Book" (Tr: Abdullah Yusuf Ali). Here "these" directly refers to "Elif, Lam, Ra", not to verses coming next, or more generally to all verses. They think that this skill of reading Quran without dots and marks was standard for literate people, but throughout the history it has been forgotten (or was made be forgotten on purpose), and all the knowledge have become one of language, history, israiliyyat, so on. (To my humble opinion, this took place during the Kerbela incident). (Ramazan Demir, leading person in these circles, has a two-volume book on the story of Yousef, one book for Ashaab al-Sabt, and thousands of papers on different subjects, and finally thens of hours of videos on YT @Kurantekkaynak channel. Their web site: kurantekkaynaktir.net/. Their current project elktb.net/Home where they to upload original Mushafs which helps people to compare different codices). It was very exciting to hear from Prof. Yousef. Thanks again.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@JohnnieWalkerGreen Ай бұрын

The CSMA/CD* protocol ensures that multiple devices can share the same communication channel without significant collisions. Please consider implementing it in future interviews. This is the way! *) Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection

@ammaralshammari4067 Ай бұрын

The speaker’s whole argument falls apart when we point out that the Quran was mass narrated in an oral tradition that is independent from the written manuscripts of the Quran. The fact that the early manuscripts (e.g. The Birmingham Manuscript) match the Quran 100% only provides additional evidence for the authenticity and accuracy of the oral tradition through which the Quran was actually transmitted. A hafiz (a person who memorized the entire Quran) would not receive accreditation if they memorized the Quran from a mushaf (a written manuscript of the Quran).

@michaellegrand5776 Ай бұрын

You do realize that the Birmingham manuscript is only 2 leaves with some text found in sourates Mariam and Taha, right ? And the dates of writing are much debated

@ammaralshammari4067 Ай бұрын

@@michaellegrand5776 Yes, I am aware of that. Yet, the content of the manuscript matches the verses in Surat Mariam, Taha, and Alkahf 100%. As for dating the manuscript, the latest estimate for writing the manuscript is 30 years after the death of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), which is within the generation of his companions. The main point is we do not take the Quran from manuscripts like the Birmingham, the upper text of Sana’a, Topkapi, or any other manuscript despite them matching the Quran 100% because the scribes/source of these manuscripts are anonymous. Also, manuscripts cannot relay some of the aspects pertaining to pronouncing the verses of the Quran, such as rules of Tajweed. The whole conversation about the Quranic text is meaningless if the source for the Quran we have today is not a written text in the first place.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

The evidence we have is that the **text** of the Birmingham manuscript is early 700s. It shares features with other manuscripts from this era, e.g., BNF328c. The specialist (Alba Fedeli) who famously rediscovered the manuscript and did the PhD work on it dated it to this range. You can get her PhD for free from the Birmingham university site. The point is, such a date means the text is not from Muhammad's lifetime, and most likely could not have been written by a companion of his, as they'd all be deceased or very old by that time. The recitation traditions also are not from Muhammad's time, but from the early 700s AD.

@ammaralshammari4067 Ай бұрын

@@ConsideringPhlebas Please refer to my previous reply regarding the date of the Birmingham manuscript writing. I never claimed it was from the Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) lifetime. However, it is very likely to be written during the time of the generation of his companions by an anonymous scribe. This is one of the reasons why written manuscripts are not considered a source for the Quran according to muslims, making the whole argument that this video makes fall apart. As for the recitations (Qira’at), I believe your statement is misleading. It is true that the narrator (Rawi) after whom the recitations are named (e.g. Hafs, Warsh, Shu’bah, etc) are from the 2nd and 3rd generations after the Prophet’s (PBUH) death (i.e they lived in 700s CE), the content of their recitation is definitely not from that era, but rather from the time of the Prophet (PBUH). These recitations were mass-narrated (Mutawatir) from companions of the Prophet (PBUH) such as Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah, Uthman Ibn Affan, Ibn Masoud, Umar Ibn-ul Khattab, Ubai Ibn Ka’b, Ali Ibn Abi Talib, Zaid Ibn Thabit, among others (May Allah be pleased with them all). We have all the chains of narration linking all the Rawis to the Prophet (PBUH), who taught his companions to recite the Quran with the variations found in Qira’at.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

@@ammaralshammari4067 "it is very likely to be written during the time of the generation of his companions by an anonymous scribe." It's dated to 700-710 AD, Muhammad died in 632, so his companions would likely all be deceased by that point, even if they were as young as 10 when he died. But no, there were not recitations traditions attributed to Muhammad back in the earliest days. Originally, for a reading to be accepted, it only had to be grammatical and conformed to the Uthmanic rasm. No recitation isnad needed. That only became a thing later. You can read about this in Angelica Neuwirth's Quran in Late Antiquity and Shady Nasser's work on qira'at traditions.

@grandmastur5047 Ай бұрын

I like how Dr. Reynolds was so passionate about the 4 opinions being so different that he smacked his camera

@YA-xo7ru Ай бұрын

So far no one claimed for the last 1400 years that they changed or add anything to this book. So that itself is sufficient for me to believe the book is the only book in the entire universe that has no Author. Is the word of Allah, and you can prove that by traveling the corners of the world and you will find people who memorized. If that is not miracle enough, May Allah guide who ever deserves his guidance.

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

Allah has never guided anyone.

@YA-xo7ru Ай бұрын

You right if Allah doesnt guide you, clearly Sheytan will guide you

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

@@YA-xo7ru " clearly Sheytan will guide you" Wrong,👉 QUR'AN 3:26, Say, "Allahumma, [12] owner of the kingdom, you give the kingdom to whom you will and remove the kingdom from whom you will. You exalt whom you will and despise whom you will. In your hand is the good. Surely you have might over everything.

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

@@YA-xo7ru Quran 4:88, Allah has cast them back (to disbelief) because of what they have earned. Do you want to guide him whom Allah HAS MADE to go astray? 👉And he whom Allah HAS MADE to go astray, you will never find for him any way (of guidance). 👈

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

@@YA-xo7ru " clearly Sheytan will guide you" What about this 👉أَفَأَمِنُوا۟ مَكْرَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ فَلَا يَأْمَنُ مَكْرَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلْقَوْمُ ٱلْخَـٰسِرُونَ ٩٩ Qur'an,7:99 Are they secure from the deception of Allah? 👉So no one can be secure from the deception of Allah 👈 except the losing people.

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

I did not understand what Prof. Younes' life history had to do with the evolution of the Quran. About half of the interview was dedicated to his life history which was in no way relevant to the evolution of the Quran.

@pregarajah5537 Ай бұрын

Brilliant discussion

@kilianklaiber6367 Ай бұрын

Very interesting and nicely presented. Thanks for your great work!

@Kassalawy56789 Ай бұрын

I am sorry but this Yonis is just speculating. If not sure he needs to go Islamic scholars & ask or debate them since they know & speak the language as much as him or maybe even better depending on their specialization. Many times he kept saying i am not specialist & they.. they.. Who is he talking about??? He's being used to criticize the holy book of Quran & not to learn it unfortunately....!!! Thanks God for Islam & the holy Quran ❤❤❤

@rawdog8141 Ай бұрын

"Thanks God for lslam & the holy Quran" Which " God " are you referring to, Also show me where Allah says "Holy" Quran ❓

@PeerKhan-py4ul Ай бұрын

How is it get in touch with Dr. Munther Younes … Or email I am student of Al Quran . How can non Arab understand it Quran. As common sense Author of the Book / Kitaab wants every Human beings to know & Understand This is book it is clear and easy to understand.. GOD wants all human beings should understand His Law’s His creation is created with Physics /Maths with accuracy All his creations is performing there Salah / Duties accept the Humans ? Th

@Nejashi_Ethiopia Ай бұрын

The "prof" criticizes the Quran which he fails to understand its meaning. I expected him to present evidence supporting his claims, showing both the original text and the alleged later additions he refers to. The real issue is that he lacks the intellectual capacity and spiritual readiness to grasp its depth. I don't want to judge him as a paid propagandist.

@MAYBE673 Ай бұрын

The writer of the quran tends to favor rhyme over what the actual word is, as in the example of sineen vs sinaa. There are plenty other examples like that, like when narrating the first meeting between god and moses. What god says to moses changes according to the actul rhyme scheme of that chapter/sura. This is puzzling because in one instance muslims claim that it is the literal words of god, but then it appears that god said two different things when telling the exact same story. Similarly with the Mary/Jesus birth story. So the question is what did god exactly say to moses? Or we might have to concede that this might indicate that the quran is not literally what god said, and more so a retelling of the story for liturgical purposes.

@ouessantpeaches6122 Ай бұрын

Different aspects of accounts are highlighted in different places for different effects. Regarding wordings of speech, we accept that the original speech of Moses, say, was not Arabic, therefore it can be translated into Arabic by God in different ways, again with a purpose in the context of those verses. Did Caesar say: And you, Brutus? Or Even you, Brutus? Or You, too, Brutus? Well he said Et tu Brute and all those are acceptable translations in another language. I'm guessing you'd say he only said one of them so two are made up.

@rivjiou3696 Ай бұрын

I've got a few questions about MSA (same as Fuṣḥā?). Is it correct that even novels are written in MSA, with only exceptionally some dialogue written with regional language bits? For native Arabic speakers that have experience with both Western novels and Arabic novels, does reading Arabic novels give a different experience as a result of that? I’m trying to image what it’s like. My native language is Dutch. Would it be like reading novels only written in English (or perhaps even German) and only a few Dutch words added for a dialogue (or perhaps not even that). Note that while I’m fluent in English there are plenty of literary texts for which I lack the intuitive sense that certain word choices evoke for native speakers. How would a Arabic novelist write something crude like: f*ck that sh*t! I thought that news channels in Arabic were spoken in MSA. Is it all scripted then? Or can the presenters go off-script in MSA as well? Can someone on screen react spontaneously in MSA or do they fall back to dialect? Did someone write a book or a blog about questions like these?

@muntheryounes3425 Ай бұрын

ّVery interesting question. Briefly stated, MSA is used for reading, writing and "scripted" speech. When it comes to spontaneous every day conversation, the regional dialect is used. People have historically lumped this situation with what are know as "diglossic" situations like German. But that is misleading, since Hochdeutsch is actually used for conversation by a group of people. Not MSA. Very few writers (for example, Egyptian writer Yousif Idris) use the dialect for the dialogue in their stories, but the majority, including the best-known Arab novelist Naguib Mahfouz, insist on using MSA for dialogue even among drug addicts on Cairo's streets, which to me is extremely artificial and makes such novels unappealing. I believer, along with a minority of Arabic linguists (for example, Mohammed Ma'mouri), that this phenomenon has had terrible consequences for education across the Arab world.

@rivjiou3696 Ай бұрын

@@muntheryounes3425 Thanks.

@tariq3587 Ай бұрын

Are you really saying that "sirat" (in sirat al mustaqeem) @29.08 minute "is definitely of Indo-European origin" or somehow derived /copied from stratum or Strat. For vocabulary from a language to permeate into another language requires tremendous interaction between /among them; implying that the Arabian peninsula must have been heavily influenced by Indo-European people and/or their literary work? So there must have been frequent exchange of people & ideas among those regions at that time. Could you please refer a book / literature citing some historical evidence.

@eatingeatingeating Ай бұрын

Why is it not plausible? Strat or street (a path). The Romans, who occupied Shams, Egypt and the Levant, built many straight Strats. The word straight (as in straight path) might also be derived from Strat.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

You can read Arthur Jeffery's Foreign Vocabulary of the Qur'an. There are non-Arabic and Indo-European words in the Quran, just like there are non-Hebrew and Indo-European words in the Hebrew Bible.

@tariq3587 Ай бұрын

@@ConsideringPhlebas thanks for the reference - do you have any thoughts on how / timeline when the Indo (-ian) influence might have occurred.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

@@tariq3587 Loan words can enter a language over thousands of years, so it will be different for each one. An interesting one is qalam, (see Q. 96), which comes from the Greek word kalamos, meaning a reed or rod or pen, and it is used in the Greek NT for the measuring stick the angel uses in the book of revelation. Also, the Biblical names used in the Quran show Greek linguistic influence. E.g., Yunus, Elias, Sulayman, etc. Sijjil also is understood to be derived from the Latin sigillum, which means a seal. Lastly, Firdaws is famously a Persian word, and it's also where the English equivalent 'paradise' comes from. It also occurs in the Hebrew Bible as 'pardes,' but in the HB it's used more like its literal original sense of an orchard, park or garden.

@astroflyinsights Ай бұрын

Maybe there was an ancestral language to both

@rashidaquil5284 Ай бұрын

So quran was memorized since prophet Mohammad

@gkbaloch6185 Ай бұрын

Not a good host. Question should be short and specific not a long complicated statement.

@metaljy08 Ай бұрын

A person who knew less about the subject matter of the readings would not have made many of the egregious mistakes. What he said is an example of this nonsense: the readings were combined into one reading starting in 1924, which he named the reading of Al-Azhar. This is purely a composition that only exists in his mind, and it is obvious that he is unaware of the readings' actual name. In fact, there are still different readings prevailing in various Arab countries. There are Hafs recitations on the authority of Asim in Egypt and the Levant, Qalun recitations in Libya, and Warsh recitations in Morocco. There is no such thing as Al-Azhar recitation; Egyptian reciters and many Al-Azhar recite and hold licenses for the ten recitations. This brings us to our second point: there are only seven readings. Even the most basic researcher is aware that there are ten common readings of the Qur'an that are accepted by all scholars. This does not imply that the other readings are incorrect; rather, it just indicates that these readings are correct based on criteria like frequency and agreement with the Uthmanic script, among other things. One of the obvious requirements and completely unrelated to fame, as previously stated. You can easily find a wealth of references on this subject by conducting an online search. What was said in this video was inspired by the guest’s imagination.

@faatih4856 Ай бұрын

You hit the nail on the head. I was asking myself what the heck is the man talking about.

@dodgysmum8340 Ай бұрын

So, this chap is the head of Arabic studies at Cornell. And you chaps are?

@MrBerto800 Ай бұрын

@@dodgysmum8340 exactly… these fundamentalist will never be able to see through the religious veils that have been placed over there heads.

@Thorwald_Franke Ай бұрын

You say: "... that are accepted by all scholars." Which scholars? Religious authorities? Or scientists? Is there a difference between religious authorities and science? Is this a good thing, if there is such a difference? Shouldn't religious scholars and scientists work together? And is this consensu of the scholar also existing among the scholars in early Islam? Or only today? Shouldn't the opinions of scholars in early Islam have some weight?

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

There is no uthmanic codex. At best It should be the abd al-malik codex. The idea of uthmanic codex comes from the now debunked standard islamic narrative, created centuries later by Abbasids, who hated the Umayyads. All the earliest quran manuscripts start appearing during and after the reign of ummayad ruler abd al-malik in late 7th century. Arabs start compiling and standardising the quran from pre-existing Arabic literature, which is mostly derived from syriac Christian texts, Babylon Talmud, Arabic poetry etc. During the reign of abd al-malik. His governor al-hajjaj is very instrumental in this project.

@dadrewtv2 Ай бұрын

onething is clear is that israelite phrophets mentioned in quran did not use arabic. Quite strange if Moses, Isa, and other jewish prophets talked in arabic as written in the quran.

@abdullahimusa9761 Ай бұрын

Of course they didn't speak in Arabic. Were you expecting the Qur'an to quote those great prophets in their native languages?

@dadrewtv2 Ай бұрын

@@abdullahimusa9761 so you are saying..Allah translated the sayings into arabic??? it is because the quran said to expect that each prophet send to their own "bani" with the language of the "bani". and the quran was already written in the Lauh Mahfuz prior to anything created.

@JohnGeometresMaximos Ай бұрын

@@abdullahimusa9761 Yes. Why would that be a problem? Isn't the Quran supposed to be miraculous? 😁

@abdullahimusa9761 Ай бұрын

@@dadrewtv2 Yeah, their words have been translated into Arabic. What's wrong with that?

@abdullahimusa9761 Ай бұрын

@@JohnGeometresMaximos Does the Qur'ān have to relay the words of all the prophets it mentions in their native language for it to be miraculous?

@mr.angelosonassis3069 Ай бұрын

Quran comes from Syriac 'qeryana', a book of scriptural readings to be used on prescribed Sundays ... namely, a 'lectionary'. There may well have been an 'Arabic lectionary' elaborated for use in churches which had large numbers of Arabic speakers. Such vernacular lectionaries have been used in other areas where the local language was not a 'holy' language such as Latin, Greek or Syriac. The Qiryan (Karaean, ܩܪܐܢ, lectionary) is a madnhâyâ script Garshuni compilation of spiritual lessons presented in the name of ܐܠܡܢܝܒ given by the Shama'ani/Ashma'ithi and 'Anani Gahans to those laity who have taken clerical vows among the the Kara-Tat, Kiraim-Tat, Khvar-Tat, and Gok-Tat hordes of the Kereit (Karaylar). It seems to have originated in the vicinity of modern Jordan between the years 604CE and 628CE among those preserving the lifestyle of the clerical families evicted from Mount Izla and Nusaybin by Babai "the Great" of the Nestorian Church.

@nmvhr Ай бұрын

Beautiful

@MichaelBarden-h8b Ай бұрын

Host needs to stop jumping in with unhelpful interruptions

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

Agreed. Dr. Reynolds makes too many interruptions while the guest is speaking. Let the man talk for God's sakes.

@zainrno Ай бұрын

Image slides would have been nice to understand more clearly.

@davidusnazarus1700 Ай бұрын

You should’ve let the man speak instead so many long interruptions

@davidusnazarus1700 Ай бұрын

He was going towards a very interesting direction but RUINED it with your own stupid interruptions

@64-Mat Ай бұрын

I agree although most of Gabriel's interruptions are interesting in themselves, but they do interrupt the flow of the speaker.

@TheRoundtable_RTG Ай бұрын

@@64-Mathe does this all the time

@arabiano16 29 күн бұрын

This is so superficial .... obviously the spoken arabic language has changed and its dialects multiplied and got mixed with many foreign words, which means most arabs of current times would have issue understanding the quran based on their current modern dialect ... but we have tafseers and we have qawamees that a researcher can refer to in order to understand ... his whole argument is just stupid

@afrikash Ай бұрын

Arabic is Afro-asiatic language the origin of this language family is the Horn of Africa. The oldest branch of this family is cushitic languages like Somali, much of the trisyllable that form the root of Arabic, have Somali bisyllable origin. Lugha arabi for example correspond to physical anatomy luq is the larynx, luuq is voice, arab is literally the tongue and araab is also a wonderer. You can find roots almost all of Arabic and hebrew etc in Somali

@TheRoundtable_RTG Ай бұрын

Afro-centric cap 🧢 bro stop 🛑 are you Somali?? Or are you west African descent?

@Kisensei Ай бұрын

Great conversation. I hope this line of research grows and carries on.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@arbitScaleModels Ай бұрын

You need evidence for claims such as these, not pulled out of thin air. The surahs in the Birmingham codex, carbon dated to the prophet's lifetime, are word for word the same as today.

@SkeletalMisunderstanding Ай бұрын

But wasn't it only written down after your prophet's death?

@JohnGeometresMaximos Ай бұрын

How many pages is the Birmingham Quran? 🤣

@arbitScaleModels Ай бұрын

@@SkeletalMisunderstanding Actually the Quran was written down during the prophet's life on goatskin, paper, rocks, etc, and was collected after his death. These arguments are straw men, show one word or phrase that shows variances.

@arbitScaleModels Ай бұрын

@@JohnGeometresMaximos I don't know actually, but its scholars in Birmingham attest that the writer would have known the prophet. Even before the codex discovery, the consensus of Western scholars is that the Quran we have today is the same as what was revealed to the prophet.

@JohnGeometresMaximos Ай бұрын

@@arbitScaleModels The Birmingham Quran is FOUR pages.

@aliataie101 Ай бұрын

I think he means that Brill did not find his arguments very convincing.

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

That's unlikely if the publisher answeres with a long letter.

@aijazbhat9081 22 күн бұрын

@amuthi1, it could very likely be that they found his argument a complete BS. Quran has faced challenges like Hagarism (felt on its face), dated prior to Prophet (PBUH), had the same fate, and many other challenges but the Muslim narrative prevails (Gabriel Said a revisionist might find it difficult to accept). MY doesn’t even qualify to be a scholar.

@economician Ай бұрын

When will dr Luxenberg get his chance to shine?

@alsallam Ай бұрын

When thought is puerile and cloaks itself in the guise of pseudo-scientific research, it deserves only a response befitting such disdain for our intellects. It appears to me that "Dr." Younis has purchased his position at Cornell, at a paltry price. I will not cite the verse in Surah Al-Hijr 15:9: إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا ٱلذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَـٰفِظُونَ "Indeed, it is We who sent down the Reminder [i.e., the Qur'an], and indeed, We will be its guardian." The word "Dhikr" (Reminder) is used here instead of Quran because it encompasses both the script and pronunciation. The meaning is that Allah has undertaken to preserve the Quran in both script and pronunciation. As I said, I will not cite this verse because it is clear that Younis does not believe in it. Therefore, I address him with logic. He mentioned that the word "يـُٔودُهُ" (Tire) was altered, and the original was "يؤذه" (harm) without providing any evidence. Let us assume this was true. If, as Younis claims, one word was altered, then the assumption is open for other words in the Quran to be altered as well. Then, we would have numerous versions of the Quran, which has not occurred in reality. There is only one version of the Quran that all Muslims memorize and recite. Unless Younis wishes to claim that there was a change at some point, then this change was preserved, and no one could alter the Quran afterward - which is impossible to believe. Because either the Quran is susceptible to alteration, in which case we would find many versions of it, or it is not susceptible to alteration as Allah promised, which is why we only have one version in our hands, as we find now and throughout all ages. And if humans had the ability to alter the Quran, there is a challenge from Allah for them to produce something like it. This challenge comes from Allah Almighty, and it is a verse from the Quran: وَإِن كُنتُمْ فِي رَيْبٍ مِّمَّا نَزَّلْنَا عَلَىٰ عَبْدِنَا فَأْتُوا بِسُورَةٍ مِّن مِّثْلِهِ وَادْعُوا شُهَدَاءَكُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ. فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا وَلَن تَفْعَلُوا فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ الَّتِي وَقُودُهَا النَّاسُ وَالْحِجَارَةُ ۖ أُعِدَّتْ لِلْكَافِرِينَ "And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our Servant [Muhammad], then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful. But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for the disbelievers." The two shortest surahs are Al-Kawthar and An-Nasr (3 Verses each). Even the disbelievers of Mecca, who were among the most eloquent Arabic speakers, did not dare to attempt this challenge. There is also: قُل لَّئِنِ اجْتَمَعَتِ الْإِنسُ وَالْجِنُّ عَلَىٰ أَن يَأْتُوا بِمِثْلِ هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنِ لَا يَأْتُونَ بِمِثْلِهِ وَلَوْ كَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ ظَهِيرًا "Say, 'If mankind and the jinn gathered in order to produce the like of this Qur'an, they could not produce the like of it, even if they were to each other assistants.'" Once again, Professor Gabriel continues to mix poison with honey, and there is no honey, using unacademic methods to mislead people. The deep-seated resentment or profound ignorance is evident. O brother, Dr. Younis, if you are a Muslim and believe in Allah and His words (still), you must know that your words contradict the Quran itself by claiming that Allah Almighty did not preserve His words and that the Messenger did not convey his message as he should have, while Allah says to him, "O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message." The inherited tradition claims that the Prophet died leaving the Quran in scattered sheets written on leather, stone, and parchment, and that Uthman was the one who compiled it. This is a false tradition, despite its widespread acceptance among people, and it is their means of casting doubt on the Quran that has confounded them. The truth is entirely different. The Prophet died having delivered the Quran complete in its current arrangement, fully punctuated as you and I read it today. The unpuctuated copies people find, were for individuals who wrote it for their personal use, not all writers used punctuations like how we write now, however, Quran was different. The prophet reviewed it with Angel Gabriel, which is why the Quran has a script different from the standard Arabic orthography used by Arabs. For example, "الضعفاء" (the weak) is written twice with an alif and twice with a waw - with an alif when referring to the weak in this world, and with a waw when referring to the weak in the Hereafter. The scribes of revelation did not know this, and had it been left to them, they would have written it with an alif all four times, but the Prophet would correct them because he knew the Quranic script, as Gabriel would present it to him on tablets of light. Also, Ali ibn Abi Talib said: "we are a nation that does not pronounce (Hamza “ء“) and hadn’t been for Gabriel teaching us how to correctly pronounce it, we would not have done it" Allah said to the Prophet: سَنُقْرِئُكَ فَلَا تَنسَىٰ "We will make you read (the Quranic script), [O Muhammad], and you will not forget" And regarding the compilation of the Quran, He said: إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْآنَهُ. فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَاهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْآنَهُ "Indeed, upon Us is its collection and [to make possible] its recitation. So when We have recited it [through Gabriel], then follow its recitation." The proofs and evidence are all in the Quran for those who read with contemplation and reflection, dispelling the myths and charlatanry in which you have drowned. By Allah, if you knew what you had done with this video and your pitiful attempt to scratch at the supreme Quran that cannot be surpassed, you would seek forgiveness until you die. But alas, alas, this is the Magnificent Quran, and the challenge still stands - the challenge of the Most High, the All-Powerful, the All-Knowing, the Eternal to mankind and jinn.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

Classical Islamic scholarship does acknowledge corruptions and alterations in the Quranic text. See al-Suyuti, Ibn Kathir, al-Qurtubi, al-Tabari, etc. on Q. 17:23, 33:6, 24:27, etc.

@dodgysmum8340 Ай бұрын

Methinks the lady doth protest too much.

@alsallam Ай бұрын

@@ConsideringPhlebas absolute lie. Paste their quote here.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

@@alsallam Absolutely true. I'll post the quotes from al-Suyuti's Durr al-Manthur in this thread on Q. 17:23 and 24:27.

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

@@alsallam Q. 17:23 أخرج الفريابي وسعيد بن منصور وابن جرير وابن المنذر وابن الأنباري في المصاحف من طريق سعيد بن جبير، عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما في قوله: { وقضى ربك أَلاَّ تعبدوا إلا إياه } قال: التزقت الواو بالصاد، وأنتم تقرؤونها { وقضى ربك }. عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال: أنزل الله هذا الحرف على لسان نبيكم - صلى الله عليه وسلم - " ووصى ربك أن لا تعبدوا إلا إياه " فالتصقت إحدى الواوين بالصاْد، فقرأ الناس { وقضى ربك } ولو نزلت على القضاء، ما أشرك به أحد

@arifrahmanchughtai5322 Ай бұрын

Study Allama Pervaiz glossary for exact Arabic as. Well as Muhammed Asads

@stevegilcrest8175 26 күн бұрын

The myth that the Quran is identical to the words of the Angel Gabriel heard in Meditation is exactly that. Everyone posting is simply making claims. They are giving "men" way too much credit and it was not a coin minted that day with it being the same coin today. Language evolves and things were pieced together. The scholars and the different sects can't agree on interpretation so the Empire came up with a standardized version.

@samawathe Ай бұрын

It’s not al Arafat. It’s al israa which Syrah 17;18, but the specific portion مذ مو ما appears twice in the same surah verse 18 and 22 of al israa

@truthfinder2575 10 күн бұрын

Abrogation will be done by a shrewed politician, but not expected from a genuine honest person

@Yo0264 Ай бұрын

Boom, I want more can listen another 2 hours.

@redbeardandfriends Ай бұрын

Peace be upon those who follow guidance! Allah declares in the Qur'an 15:9 that this zthikr (Qur'an) is sent down and surely it will be protected! So whoever brings doubt and challenges to this ayat this person is in the mindset of kufr (disbelief) and Professor Reynolds maybe a nice guy but if he is a well grounded Qur'anic scholar and is still holding on to his Catholic beliefs then he is a kaffir(disbeliever) and no matter how nice he is, if he dies in this state of kufr he will be with people of hellfire for eternity and his nice behavior will not save him. So the Muslims who admire him should give him dawa(call to Allah)and nasihah(sincere advice) so that he will accept Islam and save himself from an everlasting catastrophe, insha'Allah! And Allah knows best!

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

Your hellfire-fairytale is really boring and also not true because partially it is a copied christian invention.

@PeerKhan-py4ul Ай бұрын

Creator & Author is the same . It is not a copy it is same message to Abraham , Moses, David, Jesus , Those books were lost. Creator Author does not change His material as new & improved . His words are Truth ❤

@redbeardandfriends Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1 your statement is the response of a kaffir (disbeliever) and you will find out whether or not hellfire is a fairytale when you die (is death a fairytale?) But then it will be too late! So a truly intelligent person would give the benefit of doubt to belief bcs what is at stake!

@redbeardandfriends Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1Peace be upon those who follow guidance! Is death a fairytale? You will find out the truth after you die, but it will be too late, and a really intelligent person would give the benefit of doubt to belief bcs what is at stake! Anyway, we shall see said the blind man to his deaf dog, we shall see!

@agronbelica396 Ай бұрын

To fully understand todays Bible and Quran you need to know about the three different time periods of the greats of Macedonia...Alexander, Gjergj Kastrioti and Muhammad Ali The current Arabic Quran is based off the 1924 Cairo Edition from the house of Muhammad Ali an Albanian of Macedonia "History is written by the Victors" kzbin.info/www/bejne/d5PddJltj5upfdU 😇

@evodevo420 Ай бұрын

The conversation was really intelligent and respectful. I do not know why the comment section is full of racist haters and christian nationalists

@UsamaalBinni Ай бұрын

The expression وهديناه النجدين can relate to the Hebrew נגד which appears in many forms in the Tanakh and would put two things in opposition, so it's not far fetched to consider these two things in opposition as good and evil. It is also not a contradiction to think that, as the Quran does speak of offering humans a choice between good and evil and the word هدى is used as guidance to both the right path and being lead astray

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@Reem_Arabian Ай бұрын

The arabic is the oldest language on earth. All the holy books were written in Arabic and the biblical locations same exactly like what in Quran, not like what western is looking wrongly from the bible. So they couldn’t find any evidence , but it’s easy for the one who read Quran. For example, Mt Sinai, it’s clearly near wadi Tuwa around mecca and it’s called Sinin and a volcano nearby it. The quran described a lot of holy locations and they are all in Saudi Arabia because the Israelites in Quran were Arab tribes.

@thenun1846 Ай бұрын

Lmao how are you saying that when Arabic is a derivative of other languages. It makes me sad that Muslims believe so much propoganda and have very little facts

@ZazaMarkle Ай бұрын

There is no religious text that is original ,never changed.People should accept the harsh reality because people wrote them after supposed prophets died… dont come the arguments of oo it says in quran it is never changed, because that simple sentence can be inserted as well as many sentences in Quran.

@moab0226 24 күн бұрын

Many of the “manuscripts” they speak of were just notes by students not official manuscripts. They wish the Bible had half the integrity and preservation of the Quran.

@halimmohamad2244 6 күн бұрын

The interviewer is too interrupting to enable logical flow of arguments taking place as if pushing his agenda rather than genuine intellectual is taking place. He should learn from Michael Shermer.

@bowrudder899 Ай бұрын

The title looks like "Recovering Alcoholic"

@amr-______-2040 Ай бұрын

Why is nobody pointing out that the word “semitic” and even the biblical name “Shem” itself are a reference to the name of the place “الشام”?

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

How do you know the name of the place is not a reference to the name of the person?

@amr-______-2040 Ай бұрын

@@stevesmith4901 because the person is a fictional character imagined by one group of people, based on the myth that humanity was wiped out by a flood which we know is not true. Yet the name of the place is universal and was used by other nations who didn’t have the same beliefs. The myth was actually trying to explain the name of the place.

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

@@amr-______-2040 I see what you mean. And you're certain the name of the place predates the myth itself? For example, as far as I know, the myth of the Jewish patriarch Israel predates the land we know in history as Kingdom of Israel. The man Israel was not created to explain the name of the place Israel.

@amr-______-2040 Ай бұрын

@@stevesmith4901 Yes the name predates the myth. Because the name is used by other nations who don’t have this myth. I’m not sure if Israel was a real man. But I am sure that the flood is a fictional event. And that Noah is a fictional character. Noah and the flood are a hebrew version of the story of Utnapishtim which is a ln ancient Mesopotamian myth itself.

@JohnnieWalkerGreen Ай бұрын

Loofah LOL 🤣🤣

@JohnnieWalkerGreen Ай бұрын

Another LOL: Mexican Arab!

@sasa_sasa_sasa230 Ай бұрын

💪

@davereinhardt615 Ай бұрын

But how can you do that when they had a guy collect all the Quran and burn them? And the Quran you have today is by a guy that is Islamic scholars call a liar they don’t trust him. This religion is silly😂😂😂

@abamqc Ай бұрын

The Quran was evolved..The original need not be revelation from a single person..just some leadership's need of a rule book for both leader and people, this got gradually collected written and rewritten upon my some paid scholars.

@omarmalik1797 Ай бұрын

The guys makes big claims but these are just his opinion. The fact remains that the Quran is unchanged.

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

Unchanged in how many readings?

@omarmalik1797 Ай бұрын

@@amuthi1 content unchanged. Malik vs Maalik. Essentially the same. For this guy to now say the meaning was changed is crazy. t's not like Jesus geneology in Mathew vs Mark.

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

Prof. Younes said we should read the Quran in its original Uthmanic texts without the diacritics marks. I would like someone to explain to me how can we read any Arabic text without the diacritic marks? Especially the Quran.

@SideshowHK Ай бұрын

Anyone who grew up learning proper Classical Arabic can read without any marks. A series of letters in a specific order should be read one way as long as you’re not inventing a new word. Let alone the meaning of the sentence, how words fits together and the context of paragraph. Arabic is one of the hardest language in the world if not the most.

@stevesmith4901 Ай бұрын

@@SideshowHK I believe my comment might not have been clear enough, so let me rephrase it. Since Arabic is an Abjad script-meaning it is written primarily with consonants and without vowels or diacritic marks-how can a reader accurately read an Arabic word without already knowing the missing vowels? If the argument is that Arabic speakers can infer the correct vowels from context, which allows them to read the script, then isn't that the same process through which diacritic marks were added to the Quran in the first place? After all, weren't early Arabic speakers the ones who placed the diacritic marks in the Quran to ensure correct pronunciation? If this is true, then what does Prof Younes mean when he says: "We should read the Quran in its original Uthmanic text without the diacritic marks"?

@SideshowHK Ай бұрын

These marks were only added many decades later after people whose mother’s tongue is not Arabic started making mistakes reading the original text. For decades Arabs read the original authmanic text without a problem. The people who wrote the original text surly could read it, that’s the point of writing.

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

@@stevesmith4901 Just one example: Surah 74, 1-30 (in syriac reconstruction) „O thou hesitating one! Arise and solemnly promise! And say that thy Lord is great! And thy garment purify! And defilement flee! And bestow not favour to gain many! And for thy Lord wait patiently! And when the trumpet will be sounded, That day will be a harsh day, for the unbelievers not easy. He [God] has created me and whom He created as a unique being. And He [God] made him [Christ] a property, obedient to his will And He testified him by witnesses. And he paved him the way. Then he [Jesus Christ] desired that he [Jesus] might be increased. Not at all that he was rebellious against His signs [= commandments]. Finally he made him pass through death to the height. Behold him! He was tortured and despised. So he [Christ] was killed as it was decided. He accomplished. He was kille das it was decided. He stopped looking around reflectively. He stopped scowling and making a stern face. He stopped disputing and said „God is great“. And he said: „What else is this but the seducer, who desires? What else ist this but the voice of the transitory flesh. So He {God] has finally transferred him to the underworld [saqqar]. And what has let thee know, what saqqar is? It doesn’t let remain and doesn’t let go. Indeed an oasis for the transitory flesh. On it are seven gates.“ For reference G. Lüling, „A challenge to Islam for Reformation“ p. 511ff.

@Yanbhai693 Ай бұрын

Yes Diacritics marks are to make ease reader to read it but the word meaning had been determine by that and sorry to say made some verse been dangerously misinterprated.

@villainousssb533 Ай бұрын

Not sure if you or your guest is aware but there is a new word for word style translation coming out in November. Based on the hafs version. It has taken some years to write as it needed a concordance generated between the original Arabic and English. The first 2 chapters are available now. I can’t post a link. But it can be searched under Saint Murad, who is an ex Muslim.

@Yo0264 Ай бұрын

I just purchased my full copy of it. Would love to get an Academics opinion and insight

@villainousssb533 Ай бұрын

@@Yo0264 did u get it on my coffee

@Yo0264 Ай бұрын

@villainousssb533 I was following him on the Coffee page. I was sent an email on Oct 2nd which i missed, saying it was ready for download.

@pebystroll Ай бұрын

Thanks for the recommendation

@AlonzoHarris235 Ай бұрын

@@villainousssb533 You purchase a book of an anonymous online troll? A Coptic Christian with a political and theological motivation.

@SideshowHK Ай бұрын

Surah 7, aya 17. مزءوما.So a letter is not there in a word with a blank space there in just one manuscript. You then suppose that scholars “invented” the missing letter and added a brand new word that never existed before. Really?! That’s ignorant or misleading at best. There’s older manuscripts available to compare let alone the oral text that is transmitted in oral form with direct link to the prophet.

@hashimadenomar1276 Ай бұрын

This guy comes after 1400 yrs later and claims the word sinning is not actual word it's shabtin.

@hbahr028 Ай бұрын

There are many weak arguments some even laughable but the 2 worst are those: 1- a word is not arabic because it has different origin. For a supposed expert in linguistic this is just insane. 2- the importance he puts on the writing (for example, the emphasis on the change in the representation of the words, I.e. introduction of the dots) in a language that was spoken in its biggest majority by illiterate folks and where the Quran is memorized and transmitted almost exclusively orally. This has also theological explanation ( found in the name "Quran" itself, that can be translated to "what is read" ). The changes in scripts to facilitate the reading of Arabic for non native Arabic speakers, as per many sources, has very little to do with how the Quran is read

@Mohdk-z2l 25 күн бұрын

the moment the host pushing ideas from the bible around minute 25 .. I stop watching and write this comment

@MrAbugaarith Ай бұрын

I love how "experts" go on these "talkshows" but don't sit with actual Islamic scholars....

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

Ismalic scholars won't cross the red lines, the keep their beloved narrative without allowing provoking quetsions and hypotheses.

@ouessantpeaches6122 Ай бұрын

They have enough insight to know they would be demolished.

@gammal1 Ай бұрын

None of what was discussed actually proves that the Quran evolved in any way. The title would have been more accurate had it been about how our understanding of the Quranic language evolved, or how the Quranic script evolved, but as it stands, the title is really inaccurate and misleading, as it implies that the Quran itself has changed over time which is a claim that is not substantiated by anything in this video.

@matt291 Ай бұрын

Fascinating! The truth is much more interesting that the Islamic legend.

@2005xynul Ай бұрын

Just innovation of academic scholarship??

@birolsay1410 Ай бұрын

👍🏻

@hashimadenomar1276 Ай бұрын

Even the Quran mentions that the Quran is pure Arabic why this old lie.

@astropiote 25 күн бұрын

The clowning official theses of Arabic without dots gathered by a nepotistic ruler. These academics are more ridiculous than the Sunnis. Indeed the Quran is abandoned Q 35/30

@arifrahmanchughtai5322 Ай бұрын

Work on your own way of life

@mdmishfaqahmed2138 Ай бұрын

Old people with their old stories 🤣

@Nur1234-mp7sf 26 күн бұрын

Please invite real scholars not wannabes

@thedudehimself4447 Ай бұрын

Professor Gabriel, can you please host Professor Ergun Caner at some point? He's a very renowned islamic theology scholar, very well respected, and he's an expert on Quranic exegesis. He could also provide references to other potential guests like him.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@ME-yp7fn Ай бұрын

هناك معاني شرعية للنص في القران قد تتفق او تختلف مع المعني العرفي للالفاظ, فكلمة زكاة و ربا وصلاة كلها لها تعريفات عرفية تختلف عن المعني الشرعي الذي خصها الاسلام بها, والنظر الي القران فقط من الناحية اللغوية واهمال المعني الشرعي بها هو من طرق الجماعات الباطنية وطوائف الكفر الذين يريدون تأويل القران وفق اهواهم, هذا الشخص منذر يونس ملحد مرتد وله فيديو قديم مع المنصر رشيد علي اليوتوب عن لغة القران وفيه يتماهي مع اباطيل رشيد هذا, ومن يريد معرفة علاقة اللغة العربية بالقران الكريم وتفنيد اباطيل و شبهات امثال هولاء المستشرقون فيمكنه مشاهدة سلسلة لغة الخلود للدكتور خالد اسماعيل علي اليوتوب

@TheEnd-um7yd 25 күн бұрын

11:38

@OtherSide73 Ай бұрын

How unlimited all powerful all knowing can become limited weak and ignorant? Trinity is pagan Hinduism 😮

@Yo0264 Ай бұрын

Called the Power of Condensention. For examlple when a super genius uses simple language to talk to someone stupid. What God can't do something that simple.

@amuthi1 Ай бұрын

So you are in favor of an allmigthy Allah impotent in the field of immanence?

@ذكرياتفلسطينية Ай бұрын

الكلاب تنبح والقافلة تسير

@ME-yp7fn Ай бұрын

@rimjim786 Ай бұрын

This is what ChagGPT has to say about Munther Younes -- in short, he is not a scholar of the Qur'an -- Munther Younes is not a traditional scholar of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir) but rather an academic specializing in Arabic linguistics, second-language acquisition, and the pedagogy of Arabic. He is known for his innovative approaches to Arabic language instruction, particularly for non-native speakers, through a focus on teaching spoken dialects alongside Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). His work bridges linguistic theory and practical language learning, offering a more functional way of teaching Arabic. However, his engagement with the Qur'an emerges primarily from his linguistic expertise rather than traditional Islamic scholarship. Younes has examined aspects of Qur'anic Arabic in the context of historical linguistics, emphasizing the need to teach Arabic learners how the Qur'anic language relates to modern dialects. This gives his contributions a niche relevance, particularly in conversations about the relationship between Qur'anic Arabic and Arabic as spoken today. In summary, Younes does not hold a formal standing as a Qur'an scholar in the sense of traditional Islamic studies, but his work on Arabic linguistics touches on themes related to Qur'anic Arabic. His influence lies more within language pedagogy and linguistics rather than Qur'anic interpretation or Islamic jurisprudence.

@allahmuhammad225 Ай бұрын

The title is supposed to be about how the Quran evolved, and that's why I clicked to listen. But instead, I’m hearing endless talk about Palestinians, Jews, Israel, and Palestine. Who cares about that in this context? Why waste time on these irrelevant, over-discussed issues? Let’s focus on what really matters-how the Quran came to be, whether through intentional design or accidental evolution. Stick to the point and leave the distractions out of it.

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

There is no uthmanic codex. The idea of uthmanic codex comes from the now debunked standard islamic narrative, created centuries later by Abbasids, who hated the Umayyads. All the earliest quran manuscripts start appearing during and after the reign of ummayad ruler abd al-malik in late 7th century. Arabs start compiling and standardising the quran from pre-existing Arabic literature, which is mostly derived from syriac Christian texts, Babylon Talmud, Arabic poetry etc. During the reign of abd al-malik. His governor al-hajjaj is very instrumental in this project.

@pebystroll Ай бұрын

I thought we should be grateful he posts to KZbin at all

@roshlew6994 Ай бұрын

@@pebystroll yeah.. anything that discusses the origins of quran and hence Islam, poke more holes in the standard islamic narrative .

@doubleclutch4369 Ай бұрын

Were you not listening? They said it was intentional design to make the script more complicated so that regular people couldn’t understand it’s true origins and also so that they’d be dependent on the “scholars” interpretation and Imam teachings who have the power over the people. Basically gatekeeping the religion and hiding what’s in the “true” original Quran text before it was changed/evolved

@fitzgibbano Ай бұрын

what an ignorant comment. I found that back story fascinating and enlightening

@SideshowHK Ай бұрын

The title is misleading, Quran is an oral text/recitation. Adding dots to the skeleton of the text doesn’t change the oral form whatsoever. In anyway, the main way the is Quran transmitted orally. How changing the way it’s written change the Quran that is primarily transmitted orally.

@kavilphilip Ай бұрын

Title may be misleading. But afterall, Qur'an is not transferred from the so called Heaven. During my life i heard from multiple learned Islamic that the complete book was without no change in an alphabet, even without change of a dot.

@Michiganfan105 Ай бұрын

The Quran was written down, and then people began to memorize it, not the other way around. There wouldn't be the multitude of qira'at if mass oral transmission had occured first. All 30+ qira'at have the same, original consonantal text, but with different diacritical marks, which denote particular vowel sounds, since written Arabic lacked vowels in the 7th century. Once the diacritical marks were invented, scribes had to add them to the consonantal text, which obviously lead to many discrepancies. If the Quran had been memorized by people prior to it being written down, every scribe would be in agreement with which diacritical marks to use for each particular word, which obviously wasn't the case.

@SideshowHK Ай бұрын

@@Michiganfan105 do you have any evidence to back up your claim that Quran was written down first before it’s memorization?

@Michiganfan105 Ай бұрын

@SideshowHK I just gave it to you. Why would there be 30+ versions of the Quran if a whole bunch of people perfectly memorized it long before it was written down? Early Qurans should all be identical if it was widely memorized by people prior to it being written, which they unequivocally are not. Even in the first chapter of the Quran, there is a huge discrepancy. Hafs Quran says that Allah is the owner of the day of judgment, while Warsh says that Allah is the king of the day of judgment. Only difference between the words "king" and "owner" in Arabic is the placement of the diacritical marks, which weren't added to the consonantal written text of the Quran until the 8th century. What is the evidence for the claim that you make, other than unreliable ahadith that were written down 300+ years after the events that they describe supposedly occured?

@ConsideringPhlebas Ай бұрын

The primary means of transmitting the Quran is writing, not orality, which is why the "Uthmanic" rasm is the textual benchmark and NOT any recitation tradition.

@jma7600 Ай бұрын

Amazingly, instead of correcting obvious scribal mistakes, new meanings were later invented and given to the defective words. No wonder the guest and host were smiling when this was mentioned; of course no disrespect to the text was intended.