James Hoffmeier, The Exodus: Recent Archaeological and Geological Work in North Sinai 05/21/2011

[@peteryin5151]

thanks for sharing & much information is useful 👍

[@M5Cs-m2j]

Egypt in that time was an empire, the sinai desert was under their control with military garrisons there. How could these Israelites avoid fighting these garrisons?

[@coolsolder]

Perhaps that is why Moses avoided direct confrontation with Egypt and tried to settle it 10 times diplomatically?

[@QuaaludeCharlie]

Thank you

[@emoran5875]

Thank you…

[@WalterRMattfeld]

(07 September 2023) At 54:01 minutes of this video Professor Hoffmeier claims Tel el Maskhuta is Succoth of the Exodus, based on name similarity, an Exodus which he dates as circa 1260 BC and the 13th Century BC. The issue? Professor Hoffmeier has apparently _turned a blind eye_ (?) on excavations in the 1970s at Tell el Maskhutah _which found no 13th century BC pottery debris._ What was found was 16th century BC Hyksos pottery debris, the Hyksos being expelled from Egypt circa 1530 BC by Pharaoh Ahmose I. Then, for a period of 1,000 years, Tel el Maskhutah was apparently abandoned. Pottery debris reappears again circa 610 BC, in the 7th century BC, with Pharaoh Necho II building a canal from the Nile to the Gulf of Suez via Wadi Et-Tumilat. Professor Hoffmeier claims the presence of statuary from the Time of Rameses II at Tel el Maskhutah ought to date the site to his 13th century BC Exodus. As an archaeologist, _he should know better,_ that it is the presence of pottery debris that determines when a site was occupied, not the presence of statutes. The lack of Ramesside pottery debris at San el Hagar eventually caused archaeologists to abandon it as being Pi-Ramesses. They had been mislead by the presence of Ramesses II statuary that had apparently been removed from Qantir (Pi-Ramesses) to adorn San el Hagar. At Qantir was found the missing Ramesside pottery debris and remains of some of the Rameses II statues that had been hauled off to adorn San el Hagar. So, Hoffmeier's claim that Tel el Maskhutah is a 13th century BC site, _is questionable_ for many scholars. Tell el Maskhutah is either 16th century BC Hyksos or its 7th century BC Pharaoh Necho II. IT IS NOT Hoffmeier's Succoth of his 13th century BC Exodus! If it is Succoth, then this would suggest the Exodus is either recalling the 1530 BC Hyksos Expulsion, or that Moses' Exodus is a 7th century BC event, not a 13th century BC event.

[@501Mobius]

The Oxford Bible map 28:30 is missing the third road out of Egypt across the Sinai from Suez to Ezion-Geber. Yet it has a red line (I suppose it is a road) from Serabit el-Khadim to Jebel Musa and from there to Ezion-Geber. Are those Bedouin goat trails? Because it has been stated that at the time the Sinai was Egyptian no-man's land so they would not build a road from Jebel Musa along the east coast of the Sinai. It may have to wait for the Romans to build proper roads. The problem with the Israelites using goat trails is they used a few slow cumbersome ox-carts. This would of reduced the travel speed of the group along wadi goat trails to a crawl.

[@Qohelethful]

Ahh but would it add 39 years to the trip? 🤣

[@501Mobius]

@@Qohelethful No

[@johnmichaelson9173]

2,500,000 million people, never mind the animals & supplies, travelling along a goat trail. The line of humanity would be hundreds of miles long. I'm thinking the whole thing is a fantasy that's grown with the telling over hundreds of years.

[@501Mobius]

@@johnmichaelson9173 Well, people make up the absurdity of 2,500,000 people as a strawman argument they can defeat. When you combine this with the other Biblical data of 22,273 first born males of all ages (thus only 1 per family) it becomes each family had an average of 110 children. An impossibility. So, some other interpretation of the numbers must be made. Incidentally 2,500,000 million is 2.5 trillion.

[@johnmichaelson9173]

@@501Mobius I'm forever getting told the Bible is the true factual word of God. Even if you half the number or go lower it's still a ridiculous amount of people, animals, tents, supplies, fire wood for the endless burnt offerings, etc etc. I don't believe it happened regardless so any number is meaningless.

[@ThatsNotMyWife]

This is not compelling evidence of the Exodus. But it does make it clear that some are still approaching archeology with a spade in one hand and the Bible in the other.

[@AnwarLL]

Lol.

[@gordonmcintosh2655]

Trying to make the narrative fit the archeology. One minute mention of israel demonstrates it's stature as a nation. Most people believe the movies they have seen. This person mentions many movies.

[@Iknowknow112]

Why should it be surprising that the ancient Jewish scribes knew a lot about Egypt ? They lived right next door! They traded and fled to Egypt during all kinds of difficulties and were annexed by Egypt for 900 years! None of their familiarity with various details of Egypt proves the validity of the Exodus tale. But there is reason to believe the authors of the tale invented it very late, probably during the Hellenistic era.

[@EsssPee]

Cool

[@scottdavis2252]

First Kings chapter 6 tells us that Ramses was not the Pharaoh of the Exodus.

[@M5Cs-m2j]

If this event really happened in Egypt, the zionist troops,who excavated the Sinsi desert for years under the leadership of Moshi Dayyan, the artifacts thief, would find relics of this vast exodus of 600000 combatants, etc...but they found nothing but some islamic and roman antiques.

[@coolsolder]

What stopped the zionist troops from just lying about it and fabricating evidence? If he is a thief according to you it wouldn't be above his pay grade? Did he steal it all?

[@josephandrews6493]

Watch patterns of evidence and then you can see it happened but not with Rameses

[@lorrainestafford3809]

God had Moses cross Nueva Beach then they went on to Saudi Arabia there is stuff that the coral has landed on each side and clear across to Saudi Arabia just like Ron Wyatt said

[@Stupidityindex]

Gods have a perfect record of nothing-doing. But if I can't use my weak argument, then I don't have an argument at all. Those arguing God, get their knowledge of deity from the same place they get understanding of reason. Rather than a beacon of inspirational light, they are avoided like the old woman with too many cats. It was secular law & order ending the inquisitions & witch killing. Nothing fails like prayer in a children's hospital & even Jesus Christ proclaims faith is worthless if you can't get magic mountains to move when you practice verbal-command landscaping. No wonder Freud wrote the antidote to Christianity is literacy. These are the wolves in sheep's clothing, you know them by their works: Who has honor while suggesting a reality-God? As if we did not have the saying: God helps those helping themselves, because the fiction is known for a perfect record of nothing-doing. Moreover, it cannot be moral or ethical to suggest there is a god. As if one should respect the suggestion, we all travel with one foot in fantasyland, using a fantasyland vocabulary. It is religious vocabulary fascism finds useful. Law is authorized from fantasyland & the workings are a mystery, unknown to the non-believers among the oppressed. I grew up in line to be sent to fight in the "Vietnam Conflict." I don't expect much from the national bomb-factory, so I don't vote. I tell people to consider this a prison without bars. Read the Silent Weapons for Quiet Wars.

[@WalterRMattfeld]

At 3:30-35 of this video Professor Hoffmeier asks "Are there any Cadillacs in the Bible, where they do not belong?" Put another way, Hoffmeier is asking "Are there any anachronisms in the Exodus account where they do not belong?" The answer is yes, contrary to Hoffmeier's claims. The anachronisms: The Bible has Israel leaving Egypt at a time when Philistines inhabit the land of Canaan. God declares Israel will flee back to Egypt rather than face the Philistines in war, if she uses a route called the way to the land of the Philistines. So, God has Israel take a detour to get to Canaan, called the way to the Red Sea (Hebrew: Yam Suph). The issue? As an Egyptologist, Hoffmeier is aware that the Philistines arrived in Canaan circa 1175 BC in the reign of Ramesses III as the Pelest, a sub-group of the Sea Peoples. Therefore Hoffmeier's claim the Exodus was in the reign of Rameses II, circa 1260 BC, is without merit because of this anachronism. The foundation stone for the Exodus to Mt. Sinai and the receiving of the Law, was Israel's fear of Philistines, who were not present in Canaan to opposes Israel's Exodus of 1260 BC. Another anachronism: Kadesh-barnea, identified by some with Ain Qadeis, is no earlier than the 10th century BC, it is not of the 13th century BC as claimed by Hoffmeier. Yet another anachronism, Moses writes a letter to the king of Edom asking permission to cross his land to get to Canaan. Edom's capital was Bozrah. When excavated it was no earlier than the late 8th century BC. So we have three anachronisms or "Cadillacs" in the Exodus account that are "out of place" for Hoffmeier's 1260 BC 13th century BC Exodus.

[@JuanEsquitin]

I much more prefer Dr. David Rohl's Chronology and overall Theory.

[@EvilPoet85]

Sadly some Archeologist will take the position that nothing outside of what they can dig up dictate history thereby undermining the input of historians.

[@AaronSmith-rk4mn]

lol so this guy is saying that the prime minister during Ahkenaten’s reign was named “something el”, they were located in the delta. Then there was Heliopolis, the city of the sun, ra. And then the last one was in upper Egypt and it was the key! South of aswan, and that land was ran by a queen and her name was isis. The land of IS-RA-EL is the entire land of Egypt, now who woulda thought that??

[@truth2478]

He is right about some things. But he's definitely wrong about the crossing path.

[@coolsolder]

Indeed, YAM suf, yam means sea. The lake he pointed out is a lake.

[@RonJohn63]

2:35 They're called _anachronisms:_ not in the correct time. (Keeping with the theme of Blazing Saddles: Klan robes didn't exist in the Old West, and they sure didn't have smiley faces on them.)

[@AaronSmith-rk4mn]

Tell them, the POWs with high value were brought into Egyptian high society, it’s no different than what America did with the Nazis. After they won they took thier best of the best and brought them to America

[@missthunderstormable]

In other words crossing nothing to do with nuweiba beach and aqaba…?!

[@mltlawyer]

Amen 🙏.

[@lenormand4967]

That isn't Biblical Egypt. Long after the Biblical events, the name was brought over by Alexander the Great. Yes, he was an Israelite. There after, more names were relocated. Remember that Asia was the Biblical place of exile. Furthermore, the stories traveled along the travel routes. Noah planted his vineyard in Italy.

[@lorrainestafford3809]

Tut was the first born.

[@monikagrosch9632]

He has a way of using circular arguments … ‘ let’s see if we can find something that we can in a way attach to the Bible. Now we have that and we can say it proves the Bible. 1900’s thinking

[@xxpowwowbluexx]

No, that isn’t what he is doing, as he explicitly states. He is checking to see if there is anything in the biblical description that stands out as not able to fit what we know about Egyptian history.

[@jfarm30]

He is actually not doing that at all. He is testing to see if any of the Bible stories don’t make sense in the context of the historical reality of that area. That is not a circular argument, it’s called gathering facts to formulate a theory.

[@Tryambakam108]

Spoiler: it probably never happened, and definitely not as described in scripture.

[@je-freenorman7787]

you must be out of your mind if you think religion is at all real Christianity is certainly not reality

[@TheAnarchitek]

It appears the Jews knew the story had believability issues, when they "assembled" the Tanakh (read: "edited"), in the 7th Century BC, the first time. Never mind that Jews only became monotheistic in the 12th Century BC (about the time of Zoroaster, or Zarasthrustra, and Akhenaten). The Jews of the 3rd Century BC edited the narrative, again, when the Torah was first written down. It wasn't so much they "lost faith", but the stories left by survivors of the events of 1500BC to circa 720BC were over the top, time and again, in descriptions of titanic events, unimaginable terrors, and sudden devastation. By 300BC, the latest of these events were approaching 500 years in the past. We "know about the 1500s, today, but the languages spoken then would not be particularly understandable to people of the 21st Century. They might be able to pick out a meaning, but not necessarily the meaning the author intended. Shakespeare is at the end of the 1500s, when language was beginning to be standardized. He did a lot to make that happen, "inventing" many words and phrases still in use. Still, there are odd constructions, peculiar synonyms, and archaic expressions. Such is the case with the story left to us by survivors of cataclysms we would be hard-pressed to cope with, events that changed the world, indelibly, and left perhaps one in ten standing. None of the Ramesses were the "Pharaoh of the Exodus". That title belongs to an otherwise unremarkable Pharaoh, Dudimose. The 2nd Intermediate Period follows his reign, caused by the events of Exodus. It is not surprising that we are confused about the ancient past, when the events so disrupted life, Egypt was thrown into the chaos of the 2nd Intermediate Period, and the Hyksos came to town, in the wake. You assume everythig looked then as it does now. I assure you, nothing could be further from the truth! The records speak to the chaos, the destruction, the unimaginable force that turned the ancient world upside down (Ipuwer). I suspect all the "escapees" were not "Jewish", or "Israeli", as those terms probably did not exist as such. Remember, Jews only became monotheistic THREE HUNDRED YEARS LATER! As it stands, there is more Egyptian history than time for it, in the years since, and too few years, in the record before it (anyone who thinks the ancients constructed the Great Pyramid in 20 years only has one oar in the water). Perhaps, if we took "God" out of the equation, we could see more clearly, and think more productively. The only thing God has done for Man, in the last 3,200 years is provide excuses for war, and all its attributes, racism, greed, and division, giving the morally-reprehensible all the excuse they need to unleash their inhumanity. More deaths have been caused by forces "with God on (their) side, than any other cause. I suggest God gave us brains, NOT to figure out how to screw our fellows, or to "polish the brass" by "praising Him". We have the means to solve all our problems, given enough time and resources, but we spend most of our time trying to figure out better ways of polishing the brass, or taking advantage of those less capable of defending themselves. One last note, "two ways out of Egypt" does not begin to address the state of mind of those escaping. People reacting to fear of imminent death do not use common sense. The flee, first, think later. I suggest God gave us brains, NOT to figure out how to screw our fellows, or to "polish the brass" by "praising Him", but to be able to arrive at this place and time. What we do here proves whether His trust was well-placed, or not. We may have been here, before, according to DNA researchers, who put homo sapiens history at 100-200 thousand years and counting. Instead of bowing and scraping, we should be looking at the antecedents that gave us such psychic baggage to carry, irrational fears, unbending beliefs, schizo-affect behaviors. We should be trying to determine why some people think themselves superior to others, why hate is more prevalent than love, oand why "enough" is not even close to "enough" for a tiny number of greedy jerks. Not whether the story we're told was an exercise in sadism by some immense figure (outside the Universe, making Him pretty large), or whether the edited version is the correct one, when it clearly is not. I believe we have the means to solve all our problems, given enough time and resources, but we spend most of our time trying to figure out better ways of polishing the brass, or taking advantage of those less capable of defending themselves. One last note, "two ways out of Egypt" does not begin to address the state of mind of those escaping. People reacting to fear of imminent death do not use common sense. The flee, first, think later. Out of their fear, we ended up with "religion". Not necessarily a step forward. Certainly not an "dispassionate" observer. When religion becomes sacrosanct, truth, veracity, and reality take back seats. Thanks, of course, to Torquemada, Mathers, Jones, Koresh, and all the other heartless zealots more intent on "proving" to their God how pious they were, and the millennia-long history of human behaviors, since. The Crusades, Salem Witch Trials, and the arrival in the "New World", of all those fleeing narrow-minded versions of "God", prove how poorly humans comprehend their own origin stories. More evil has been done in the name of Good, than all the evil by those bent on evil. Relocating the "location" of the Exodus will not solve any of the problems I mention, but it WILL continue them! Time to have a conversation with your God, and ask Him if He wants you to further muddy the waters, or to acknowledge that it was a mechanical event, typical of life in our electromagnetically-violent Universe. God doesn't throw mud, he washes it clean! According to Jesus, of course.

[@M5Cs-m2j]

Jews didn't appear in that time. They were Israelites with moses.

[@TheAnarchitek]

You say toe-may-toe, and I say toe-mah- toe. The people who told the stories that became the Tanakh, regardless of when they were blessed@@M5Cs-m2j

[@llano1964]

The scripture says the Children of Israel camped at Pi-Hahiroth He spends a lot of time with migdol which is potentially a number of places but not Pi-Hahiroth Why? How does he explain that after the parting of the Red Sea, Moses is met by his father in law Jethro who is a priest of Median? Median is a well known region on the Western coast of the Arabian peninsula near present day Aqaba. So how do you part a lake in the western Sinai and a few days later you are in Median? Where is Pi Hahiroth? Pi Hahiroth is on the eastern coast of the Sinai opposite Median near Aqaba Just another pseudo expert trying to diminish the power of the LORD None of this presentation acknowledges the true supernatural power of God If the parting was a lagoon the Egyptian charioteers could have gone around the lake or lagoon and attacked the Children of Israel The only explanation is that there was no way around the parting and the Egyptians had to go into its midst that points to a crossing of one arm of the Red Sea

[@joelhenry4643]

They recently found chariot wheels at the bottom of the sea.

[@johnmichaelson9173]

@@joelhenry4643 I wish it was true but no they didn't, "many species of Coral will grow a large flat plate on a stalk like projection giving the appearance of an axle and wheel to those not familiar with the forms of Coral growth." Dr Robert Carter, Marine Biologist. This type of Coral can be found in many area's of the Red Sea. Sadly once again we have Ron Wyatt to thank for fake Biblical Archaeology.

[@johnmichaelson9173]

Forget parting the Red Sea, the problem is Moses was leading 2,500,000 million people, if we put them eight abreast with three feet between each row & with their Supplies & Animals behind them we have a line 200 miles long. And I haven't included, the elderly, lame & with bad eyesight, pregnant women, young mother's, children, the sick. How on Earth can they outrun soldier's with Chariots & Horse's? Even if we make it 1,250,000 million people it's still a line of humanity 100 miles long. Sorry but it just didn't happen.

[@joelhenry4643]

@@johnmichaelson9173 John. Pharoah let them go first so they had time. and there simply wasn't that many people.

[@johnmichaelson9173]

@@joelhenry4643 Isn't that problematic when we go onto read about Joshua & the Jewish war machine?

[@kameelffarag]

The Egyptians have no record of Moses ever existing or the Exodus ever happening. Also, archeologists and ancient historians have never found any evidence that the Exodus really happened. The writers of the Torah may have based him on real historical people, like King Sargon and the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten. Deuteronomy 34:10 “Since then, no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face”. This means Moses did not write Deuteronomy or the other books in the Torah, and its authors wrote them many centuries after the time Moses supposedly lived. The Bible does not give an accurate account of the origins of the Israelites, who appear instead to have formed as an entity in the central highlands of Canaan in the late second millennium BCE from the indigenous Canaanite culture.

[@gilaschannel1855]

Actually there is plenty of evidence, if you look at the right time period. Watch Patterns of Evidence: Exodus from Tim Mahoney.

[@roberttormey4312]

Plenty of evidence, this is just a troll post.

[@talithakoum3922]

There's plenty of evidence that suggests an Exodus happened. Listen to Dr. Hoffmeier or Dr. David A. Falk. That said, Ralph here is not a skeptic in good faith, he's a bratty and ignorant troll with anti-Semitic tendencies.

[@johnmichaelson9173]

Exactly, the more you look into this story the more it all falls apart. Even the Israelis have given up on finding anything that remotely fits in with the Exodus being a historical event as described in the Pentateuch/Torah.

[@simonholyoak6353]

Erm... The Iperwer Papyrus?

[@MoncœrCoyoteSmith]

There is an error in the logic behind the workers.

[@SILVERHARMONICS]

Damn the Hebrews are Black! ☝🏾🤯

[@Special_Agent_NSB]

how many black people do you see with blond hair? the ancient hebrews were semitic people and were dark skinned.

[@SILVERHARMONICS]

@@Special_Agent_NSB there saying that these captives are West Africans because there too dark with black features too ignore. And as far as the Blacks with Blonde Hair there are a couple that exist on Melanesian islands. But what you didn’t see on the walls making bricks with water are Caucasian slaves of any sort! So can we just stop trying to make a square fit in a circle and let the truth say what it’s clearly saying! The Ancient and by logic and reason the Present Day Biblical Jews are a Black Peoples with thick lips, almond shaped large eyes and dolichocephalic shaped craniums!☝🏾🤷🏾‍♂️

[@ankomapharr290]

Yeah nah bruh black people can and do have blonde hair.

[@SILVERHARMONICS]

@@ankomapharr290 what you said bro! What you said! ☝🏾🤴🏾😁

[@ankomapharr290]

@@SILVERHARMONICS they can deny all they want but they will in fact acknowledge that we are the real brews.

[@wordscapes5690]

😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

[@puccini4530]

Hum. The Egyptian period he's talking about predates even pre-codified Judaism by around 500 years. The Exodus story was contrived/added at the earliest 800BC. There are SO many 'it's possibles' in this lecture, it should be regarded as entertainment only. If proof or probability matter to you more than possibility, stick to Finkelstein.

[@-kepha8828]

I love listening to people like you. People like you who have no clue at all, but put energy into trying to convince others that you do have a clue.

[@Setmose]

If you stick to Finkelstein, he will scrape you off.

[@GEMSofGOD_com]

It got popular in 800BC to introduce laws (Exodus is the only book in the Bible having a song, songs introduced laws, and Moses' laws were the words of God that said "Here's the law instead of me the God"). These were super conservative times where nothing new happened anywhere in the world, so jews wanted to have some sorta legitimate law. Doesn't mean there had been no Exodus book. It existed, it just wasn't as popular before 800BC. A huge load of Hebrew got it's words from Exodus' Egyptian. IN FACT, I HAVE PROVEN that AT LEAST the Exodus was BOUGHT by the Pharaoh, yes, of some 16th century BC. It was obviously written by well-educated Egyptian jews of the time, and 30% of it is Egyptian words. Unlike in any other part of the Bible, all which had some 1%. I'm publishing very soon.

[@puccini4530]

@@GEMSofGOD_com Oh dear. Judaism really didn't exist 1600 BC. in any recognisable form. Monotheism probably didn't exist then either. Judaism is a perfectly viable religion choice for those who believe in a supreme being, but hyping its origins and basing its tenets on a fictional origin story detracts from it, rather than validates it.

[@GEMSofGOD_com]

@@puccini4530 Sorry, not 1600 BC, Ramses II started it. Call it whatever, judaism is a stamp

[@SeanRCope]

Moses was an Egyptian priest of the Aten. Amen

[@ralphstern2845]

Dunning Kruger leaking from every sentence

[@michaelbrickley2443]

Ralph Stern, can’t control yourself? This is an area of your expertise? Nothing better to do?

[@fbee6844]

Cope.

[@timmatteson3959]

Are you an Egyptologist? Have you spent 9 years excavating in Egypt? Pot, kettle…

[@xxpowwowbluexx]

What? He’s a leading Egyptologist, he grew up in Egypt, and he’s an officially-licensed Egyptian archaeologist who’s been directly involved in numerous digs in Egypt over the years.

[@ralphstern2845]

@@xxpowwowbluexx lol. Read the literature. Exodus is a myth. Do i need to be an oncologist to know melanoma is usually fatal and that a pimple is harmless? The evidence (lack there of) speaks for itself. Your indoctrination has been successful and your education a failure.