Sn2 Reactions

Sn2 Reactions

[@SJ-ig1jc]

Give him a break on the nucleuseses. We're sciencers here, not languagers.

[@redmer_de_boer]

Scientists* linguists*

[@03raq]

@@redmer_de_boer WOAH you must be fun at parties

[@dhruvavikas1632]

@@redmer_de_boer lol

[@BAECURRY]

r u makin' fun of him?

[@alessandrofelicetti3740]

Yeah, okay...So he can't say nuclei...but I can say nuclei, and not have the faintest clue about them. Sal can do chemistry. I can't. That's why I'm here.

[@vernalwarrior23]

alessandro felicetti ^^^^^real talk. Same here man

[@imkaneforever]

You're changing the world for the better. Free education, you deserve a Nobel Prize. Also, I really like how you personify the molecules. It really makes me feel like I have a personal bond to them. :)

[@TyTimeIsAwesome]

Attack is a sufficient word. I remember my ochem teacher drilling to us the concept that SN2 is a backside attack in class and 4 or 5 immature students couldn't stop laughing. Still kinda funny, ha.

[@johnguillen68]

The confusion I had in class with SN2 is now clear by watching this video. Thank you.

[@yvescdl2709]

Gosh how I'm so thankful to you! I've watched other vids for sn2 reaction but this video explains it best.

[@kevinreusch1590]

seriously cant thank you enough for your chem vids. sooooo helpful id be failing ochem way worse then i am right now without these videos

[@taeyang]

nucleuses > nuclei

[@SourceOfRevenge]

I thank you, your vids made it possible for me to explain Sn2-reactions to a couple of teenage girls i've spent about a month trying to teach em about organic chemistry, i more or less rephrased it to a story about a guy and two girls (H and Br)

[@lunariot1]

I appreciate your guys' vids. I like the enthusiasm you speak with.

[@Tiibiis]

really thanks this was awsome! This and your atoher videos explaine things better then my teacher does and i am so happy that i found yor videos its going to help me alot !

[@hibaal-khaffaji6886]

Wooow!!! I can't believe i was able to follow through 😱 Thank youu so much 👍👍👍

[@C0meclarity]

You are really doing students a service!

[@busterhyman21]

i did an sn reaction on a secondary halide iodoalkane and the rate was almost instant. we concluded this was an sn2 reaction with psuedo first order kinetics dependant on the concentration of the nucleophile. nice illustrations but it can be much more complex than it appears.

[@N9012-p6n]

Thanks. And also inversion of the stereochemistry around the central atom for SN2 reactions. Happens in one step. Different from the SN1 reaction that happens via a carbocation intermediate. SN1 occurs in two steps while SN2 happens just in one.

[@readingisbelieving5248]

idk what I would do without you, khan academy

[@Peritto111000]

These are great! They really helped me before my ACS exam.

[@Anigeo94]

thanx man.yours a great help think your Ochem videos will help me in cracking iit-jee

[@keithkgl]

OMG thank u so much for this! I can finally understand it =D

[@RougeDust]

Now, I'll never forget that nucleophile loves nucleuses! lol

[@simransimi2768]

Keep up your amazing work

[@princehamdan5813]

Thanks for your unconditional love and support 🌹🌹🙏🙏🙋🙏🙏🙏 where are you from please?

[@jamesmangio537]

holy shit the buildup to that NUCLEUSESES was so hype. I loved it. NOT even gonna timestamp it for anyone.

[@nlindor87]

I watch all of your videos for Organic Chem at my university, and I can't help but be mildly distracted by the uncanny familiarity your voice portrays with Tyrion Lanister...#GOT

[@entertainingfootball4871]

nlindor87 who are you??

[@GepansMiico]

I really appreciate your work, it's very helpful :)

[@louiswilliams8534]

i'm spuddering here - not as hungry for it, doesn't grab me

[@radtrend]

this is so good. so useful for tmr's exam. thank you so much!

[@C0meclarity]

You are really doing a service for students!

[@nguphoo4776]

Truly helpful and thank you.

[@CovertPheonix]

Nucleuses hurt me, just say nuclei.

[@zombiesalad2722]

it's an insult of chemistry

[@aadityarajbhattarai46]

rohit choudhary So what good have u done to raise the standards of chemistry? better then sal khan?

[@Wourly]

Then you are a masochist, you don't have to watch this video...

[@Noseqquiero]

I loved it! just saying, but i also say things like "loudness" "rapidity" etc etc. i butcher english just cuz the language makes no sense anyway. i don't see why we shouldn't just play with it.

[@snz8176]

Zombie Salad who cares. It’s not about remembering and pronouncing everything flawlessly, it’s about understanding

[@Crystal-hp2lf]

When people ask me what university i graduated from ill just say ''KHAN ACADEMY''

[@theoriginalG99]

*His use of nucleus says nucleus is nucleuses if nucleus suits nucleus-nucleus stress synthesis, I guess.*

[@wth680]

"Will attack the Carbon... Or, I shouldnt say attack that sounds very aggressive" Lol.

[@0097King]

> im not a greek scholar doubt it

[@funuto]

Without him I think many college classes would be failed

[@AdasiekkkTrzeci]

I'm not a fan of using double-headed curly arrows and saying that they show that a molecule gave an electron to another atom. Double-headed curly arrows, by convention, show movement of a pair of electrons. For example, we are moving a lone pair of electrons into a bond between two atoms. The explanation used in this video will make it very confusing for when radical mechanisms are considered, where a single-headed arrow is used to show movement of one electron.

[@Palmar3s]

@s05bf1c5 yea.I think that the oxygen giving up an electron is because H20 water already has a complete octet, since it's full and if it gains another electron it will violate the octet rule.I'm not sure. Secondly,Br is more electronegative so it's already giving C a partial +,since BR is a good leaving group,Br leaves.Then OH- attacks the C that has a partial +. OH- is the Nucleophile, it likes nucleousses that have positive charges. Since it's a Sn2 reaction,everything happens in one shot :)

[@busterhyman21]

the tertiary carbocation is most stable but it would sterically hinder sn reactions so sn2 reaction only applies to primary or secondary carbons. they are slower on primary carbons.

[@kellkats]

You are wonderful! Thank you so much.

[@09nabila]

our teacher called this the "back side attack". you said they have to "bump into each other the right way." lol,

[@wannabe771]

Hhahahaah, very true. He's actually in the middle.

[@thinkgreenlovepurple]

Chemistry isn't really my favourite subject at all... but I love organic chem....

[@darkvam]

I think its because the oxygen still has a partial negative charge that attracts the partial positive charge of the hydrogen on the other H-O-H. H and O have different electron affinities which explains the polarity of water. I hope I made sense lol.

[@KiiSSKiiSS27]

your either a sweet old man thats creeped out by all these comments from girls who want to marry you..or your a young kid who finds it funny..either way..KEEP THE VIDEOS COMING!

[@crapflinger]

Thank you for the video. The structure drawn towards the end of the video is actually the transition state, not the intermediate. Transition states and intermediates are not the same. An intermediate would be for example the carbocation in an alkene addition rxn. They're much more energetically stable than transition states

[@JEHill86]

this would be true if he were talking about free radicals; however, these reactions are understood to be involving both electrons.

[@junior1984able]

why does the "whole" Bromide leaves when recieving the electron from the hydroxide?

[@seanckelly1]

This guy is the s**t. Very helpful in conceptualizing Ochem and very useful for the MCAT. I wish I had this when I was in school.

[@akileshrajaratnam]

finally knew understood what sn2 reaction is :D thanks

[@castor2390]

Me in orgo class :( Me watching your vids :) Keep up the good work!

[@Pepsifantastic]

The famous backside attack.

[@salmon1179]

Tell me why Im learning more from an 11 minute khan academy video from 11 years ago than my entire ochem lecture over SN2 reactions

[@TurtlesareOK]

Actually, no. Both forms of the plural are equally acceptable. Great video as always.

[@hellenmungai2944]

Nucleophilic substitution made even simpler ,explained from a layman's approach hence simpler. #thumps up

[@VioletIceFire]

its also totally easy to learn that way!

[@Guihurt1]

I don't think so. OH is added here. When you add OH, you don't add it by itself. You have to buy it as NaOH, for example. On paper sometimes you don't see it when it's not necessary.

[@StereoSoundAgent]

I would probably pass tomorrow's exam had I skipped this garbage prof I have who does not have his life in order, and should have spent that precious time taking notes here. Thanks!

[@baby00040007]

Man, i promise you, if you start charging money for these videos then THEY WIN!!!!!!!!!

[@Justgoogleit24]

@imkaneforever "It really makes me feel like I have a personal bond to them" I see what you did there =P

[@manvigupta505]

Woah a 7 year old comment.

[@curtpiazza1688]

Great! 😊

[@KiiSSKiiSS27]

haha alright so hes kinda creeped out probably..kinda loving it..hahah

[@navataru]

ahh i see what you did there... 'personal "bond" ' :P

[@aashitsharma]

thnk god i found dis,i just couldn't bear readin boring org chem books...

[@vitalivb]

what would happen, if you had a primary or secondary carbon ?

[@sugarlaura22]

so helpful! thankyou

[@Palmar3s]

I don't understand. At 2:20, why would oxygen give an electron to the hydrogen if he is more electronegative, he wants electrons, and then the oxygen gets a partial positive charge? I'm confused..

[@avationmusic]

10 years later and you’re the reason I’m passing

[@digorahu2945]

lifesaver thank u so much

[@junior1984able]

so the bromide just breaks out of the molecule

[@indranilroy713]

nice video... i understood evrything... superlykk

[@Phagocytosis]

Actually both are used and both are okay. However I prefer nuclei as well. You don't get to use that type of plural too often, might as well use it when you can get away with it :)

[@LucidScreening]

the plural of nucleus is nuclei!

[@YourAverageHater]

fucking liar

[@bob123789456]

Seven, seven valence electrons, ah ha ha ha ha!

[@wtfthu]

You saved me, thanks

[@klauselk]

Awesome.

[@0904Carlin]

Why doesn't the bromine attract the electron first and become an Sn1 reaction? I mean i know how to differentiate between Sn2 and Sn1 but why is reaction the way it is?

[@namrata9277]

MENTION IN ONE OF THE ABOVE COMMENTS IN REPLY SECTION ON TANISSTHAS 2ND COMMENT.. DO WATCH IT :)

[@AmirMullick]

Khan, nucleuseses is not a word, the term for multiple nucleus is nuclei. lol. u made quite a joke here ;)

[@due1due2due3]

amazing

[@Guihurt1]

the positive ion to balance it is not drawn for simplicity

[@BaRa6992]

Sir Khan: you're an ass saver ... hats up for you

[@tannisthamandal5857]

how do we identify a Sn1 from a Sn2 reaction?

[@jedmorris8778]

Sn2 doesn't occur in tertiary carbons due to steric hindrance though, yeah?

[@Naughty-jq2gg]

Thanks Sir🥰

[@zainabahmad9445]

love u sir...thank u...!!!

[@kapilsharma7165]

Thanks guys!!!

[@Guihurt1]

yes. my organic chem book has it in that order. it probably is better to understand. the number has nothing to do with the order.

[@tshephongale6002]

''I'm not a greek scholar''

[@deusth1283]

Hi khan!

[@smoshlovingdragon]

why is the br negative when it has the full octet

[@briang8663]

Because nuetral Bromine has 7 electrons, look at it's position in the periodic table. 7a elements all have 7 in the nuetral form and gain a negative charge with a full octet of 8 valence electrons.

[@briang8663]

Think of it this way, in it's nuetral state, the electrons and protons in the nucleus are balanced. If it gains an electron, it has one more electron, than protons. Now it carries a negative charge.

[@vernalwarrior23]

***** and just to expand on that, even when it's bonded to carbon and is sharing that 8th electron, it has a partial negative charge because of how much it pulls shared electrons toward it. The only change here is that it fully has that electron and its own to make 8, making it a -1 charge.

[@corythecreeperplaysmc8464]

Anybody think it's weird that a 7th grade student can understand whatever-grade-this organic chemistry?

[@TheRealPidid]

I highly doubt you actually have any real understanding of how this works. Anyways, this is just scratching the surface.

[@ipv2000]

its not lol thats just asian level

[@idwtdt]

Are you covertly fishing for compliments? XD

[@arniepatel9841]

This illustration is misleading as you are showing a single electron attacking the electrophiilic carbon, which is suggesting radical chemistry. This isnt the case since its always a pair of electrons attacking in a SN2 reaction.

[@rithikgandhi3685]

Khan academy to the rescue!!! Taadaaa...!!!!

[@ikonderejulius178]

THANKS SO MUCH, BE BLESSED

[@BuddyStewart94]

In Bromomethane Bromine and Carbon are more electronegative than Hydrogen , the electrodensity is pushed to Bromine, why doesn't the Oxygen attack one Hydrogen atom in Bromomethane. Wouldn't the Hydrogens be more partially positive charged than Carbon, aka be more electrophilic?

[@enfoone]

ok i´ll make it quick..I LOVE U SIR !

[@ricknitro6011]

The plural form for "nucleus" is "NUCLEI"

[@sansan36]

can anybody link me to a video where he shows protection group chemistry using grignard reagents? i have good enough notes but id love to see how mr. khan teaches it

[@cmc335]

Its funny how "nucleuses" sticks out like a sore thumb. I was going to leave my own comment about it being "nuclei" then saw the abundance of comments already pointing it out. I'm taking the MCAT in a little over a month, and am fairly comfortable with this reaction mechanism, but I always find short videos like this to be a useful review. Only problem is that now I can't help but question the authority of the presenter. But I suppose this is one of those "to each his own" moments. After all, I refuse to acknowledge the correct pronunciation of ligand as "lig-und" and inset that it is "lye-gund"

[@richardstarling2342]

It's funny how you start your comment with a grammatical error, Mr. MCAT

[@xiaoguangliu8724]

In the SN2 reaction, it is improper to show single-electron species.

[@Flixse]

in my dialect it is nucleuses.

[@sidharthkasana805]

good