Lec 68: Theories of Deviance | RK Merton & Emile Durkheim

In this lecture we will study about the following theories of Deviance:
1. Emile Durkheim conceptualisation of Crime, Deviance and Punishment. Deviance is a social fact which is universal and is functional for the society.
2. R K Merton structure-functionalist theory of deviance - Confirmists, Innovators, Retreatists, Rebellionists and Ritualists.
3. Subcultural theories of Deviance by Albert Cohen, Walter Miller, Ohlin and David Matza.
4. Interactionist theory of Deviance by Howard Becker.
5. Marxist perspective on deviance.
#sociology #deviance #emiledurkheim #rkmerton #albertcohen #subculturaldeviance #howardbecker #davidmatza #upsc #net #jrc

[@raameshthapa951]

Omg 😱 ur guru 👨‍🏫 of sociology. You have made sociology so damn easy and interesting 🥹🥹

[@iamankitverma]

Sociology explained in very simple terms, easy to memorize and make notes. Thank you

[@sindhujha5027]

Thank you sir.

[@hirach5532]

LOTS OF RESPECT FOR YOU.

[@wijdanbaig1774]

Excellent Lecture Sir!

[@shashwata007able]

Thank you sir completed it❤

[@aakritikesarwani5571]

Sir ,ur teaching abilities are mind blowing but concept get more lucid to understand ,when u frst write the agenda in the board and then explains.... Please follow the same way in ur upcoming videos☺️ If u find this comfortable

[@Aspirant3518]

Thankyou sir ❤

[@dureshahmajidano2127]

sir law aur baaqi subject ki bhi videos bana laen pls ap bht easily samjhatay hain

[@letsstudy6904]

Thankyou so much sir

[@mahadev1191]

Thankyou sir

[@shreyprakash9846]

Thanku sir

[@Thefirstopinion.]

Thank u sir♥️

[@py5935]

Thanku

[@swetatiwari867]

Sir,is there any telegram channel as well of yours lectures pdf???

[@meenutiwari2306]

sir, isn't underage drinking both a crime and deviant behaviour ? Society doesn't acknowledge to underage drinking ethically as well.

[@muhammadamin-nt6bw]

Plz make one video on Michael Foucault contribution

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

I will deal with Michael Foucault in political system chapter!!

[@Akshay00911]

sir in exam if question comes regarding merton deviance so we will start with "all those people who rejects the means or goals........OR we also have to give backdrop of value consesnus society .

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

Start with value consensus... Very briefly.

[@Akshay00911]

sir which categories we will place monks because they do not wish to revolt or change society rather they indulge themselves in drinking , alcoholism

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

Monks will fall under retreatists... They have rejected the societal goals and means to achieve them.

[@py5935]

Please make a telegram group .

[@kartikgupta8427]

Sir ur teaching style is awesome but how to make notes of these classes because there is no theory during classes,u r contuinly discussing the terms Sir please provide us some notes🙏

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

Try to make running notes out of these lectures... Also watch the sociology strategy and approach video in the uploads .. There I have talked about how to make notes out of these lectures.... Also, I will try to come up with a concise video to further clarify this issue of note making!!

[@letsstudy6904]

Sir kya aap jo bhi word likh ke samjhate hain kisi bhi particular topic ko to kya hum same wahi wording and language use kar sakte hai in paper ki kuch customization karna hoga

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

Yes, you could use the same language.. No issues!!

[@adityapatil8870]

Good Morning Sir, can deviant also a conformist? also in one of the question, UPSC asked to the applied latent and manifest function of security of tenure of bureaucrat for the que I can only come up with these points manifest functions..1)to counter illegal removal 2) to do work impartially and objectively 3) it assured them so that they could perform their duties without fear a latent ......bureaucrat can be empathetic and compassionate toward weaker section without being affected by dominant people politician, can function with integrity, sir can we write these points in socio optional ......it seams insufficient or of gs type answer........could you please suggest me sociological points?

[@adityapatil8870]

also for applied que on corruption can we write these points manifest functions...help in accelerating working, decreasing ted tapism, increases job opportunities , wages for a corrupt person latent function......increasing living standard, social status, reputation of corrupt one , intentional increase in materialism and consumerism, in turn, leads to increase in demands in society is this a sociological answer? any suggestion sir sir, it will be helpful if you make one video related to how to apply theories (actually, you have already mentioned it but just wanted details)

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

1. Yes and No both. Practically, all individuals are confirmists as well as deviants at the same time. There could be some societal value and norms that we could break from time to time. Eg. All of us lie from time to time which almost all societies condemn and therefore we all are deviants...Societal generally neglects these as minor misdemeanors....But all of us also confirm to societal values and norms 99.999% of the times and hence we are confirmists However, I would advise you not to think along these lines and approach it theoretically and make a clear distinction between a confirmist and a deviant. Deviance is more of a label or a tag given to individuals by society for violation of it's value and norms and once an individual is identified as a deviant by society, he remains so ( eg. Religious heresy, incest, violation of marriage norms... All these are serious transgressions and constitutes a deviant behaviour) Also keep in mind this I am talking from Durkheimian perspsctive and not Merton's perspective!!

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

For the corruption question Your points are valid and correct in both instances However, if you want to give a good sociological touch to these answers... Think from the perspective of thinkers... And apply their theories and logic... 1. Marxists would say a corrupt bureaucracy in superstructure is a reflection of exploitative capitalist system. Now this is how I will integrate one of your points and make the sentence sociological. Corruption latent functions is to increase demand for capitalist goods and augment consumerism which is a core value of capitalism. Corruption latent dysfunction from worker's perspective could be their exploitation by the bureaucracy. Therefore, on the one hand a capitalist is appropriating the surplus of labour and a bureaucrat or state machinery is exploiting the wages of the worker... Thereby pauperising him. You could also agrue about the latent dysfunctions of the corruption for capitalist MOP. It promotes crony capitalism as policy regulators and policy makers favour some capitalist over others while extending projects and contracts. While a state should be a neutral negotiator of various interests of the bourgeoise class so that class solidarity is concretised amongst the bourgeoise and prevent fissures. Latent dysfunctions could also include alienation from work and true nature (self) and from process (works) and society ( through corruption you are exploiting others and not serving others) Now, all you need to do is focus on lectures and making notes out of them.... And apply all the logic of the thinkers to all these topics... You would be able to answer the dynamic and unconventional questions!! Apply Mead's symbolic interactionist perspective. Corruption is a violation of the expectations of generalised others. It is an assertion of 'I' component of self as against the 'me' component of self. This will lead to a crisis of self/conscience in the individual and will generate anxiety, crisis and tension (social psychological perspective).... Apply Durkheim' s perspective of fear of punishment due to deviance will create anxiety and tensions. Corruption is an indicator of excessive egoism and anomie and it's latent dysfunction would be that it further exacerbates anomie and dilutes the social bond between the individual and society ( link to Auguste Comte's rampant individualism) Similarly link it to cycle of poverty and how corruption in state welfare programs would lead to policy implementation failures to lift millions out of poverty (rajiv Gandhi statement how 15 paise out of 1 rupee reaches the poor)... Eg. Corruption in nrega could lead to distressed migration. Also, latent functions and dysfunctions of corruption could also be linked to social mobility in social stratification structutes.

[@kaarwan-e-upsc]

For the security of tenure question... I need to cover political system chapter first!!

[@adityapatil8870]

@@kaarwan-e-upsc got the point, sir, we can see a conformist from different societies and from temporal dimension.....it was one the que asked by UPSC....it asked...in what sense conformists are devient ... I can add examples given by u about untouchability, bhagat Singh, nelson Mandela...