Liquid Nitrogen and the Tea Kettle Mystery

[@bradoslav36]

I love how he just throws it around like its water

[@19midnightsun87]

+Bradley Lamb It's because it is roughly as abundant as water.

[@bradoslav36]

It just seems like it is a rare commodity

[@JeffersonLab]

+Bradley Lamb 78% of the atmosphere is nitrogen. In the volumes we use, it costs us about 25 cents per gallon.

[@Metal_Master_YT]

@@JeffersonLab that's roughly 166 times more expensive than water.

[@greatrj]

@@Metal_Master_YT you are roughly 5 years too late

[@koryflansburg1542]

Wish i could attend these talks...or i guess teachings. Even though i knew why it boiled.. its so interesting to see someone demonstrate it like this with this kind of passion and knowledge.

[@Metal_Master_YT]

exactly

[@hexx154]

See if I had a teacher like this MAN school life would of been great

[@mobvoxen]

Exactly my thoughts

[@ksam2000]

Hexx yeah

[@ultragamer9804]

I Agree

[@HighTiered]

well we went to him it was fun

[@robertpaulsen5114]

If I had ANY teachers like this..... I might have actually given school much more effort.

[@michaelo1677]

i love how he gets them to engage and making the class fun to learn and watch...great teacher!

[@juliangomez401]

Does anybody else find it EXTREAMLY Halirious when he just misses pouring the liquid nitrogen on purpose?

[@imperialbladegaming1057]

no.

[@RedSauce1]

^ lol

[@juliangomez401]

I don't don't find it funny too

[@LeafShade]

+Julian Gomez don't don't = do.

[@adamkingsley6307]

I DID 😂

[@JeffersonLab]

Not a school. Jefferson Lab is a Department of Energy basic physics research facility in Newport News, Virginia.

[@JakeTheMystic]

I wish I had that professor .-.

[@justin8113]

+DerpyTrollGamer we all do

[@roughryder5]

In order for future teachers/profs to get hired, they need to have this man's enthusiasm for teaching. I would never skip a class if I had him as a prof.

[@JeffersonLab]

The closest we have to a full lecture is the one called "Liquid Nitrogen Show!" It was shot during one of our Open Houses, so a few things were dropped for time. And, the camera man wasn't present for the beginning of the show. But, between that one, this one and the "Liquid Nitrogen and Fire" one, you have a more or less complete liquid nitrogen show. The complete tape of this presentation exists. Don't know if we'll ever edit the whole thing together...

[@BadBoy-ri2le]

Man how you doing

[@edpavez]

I would have loved to participate in such classes when I was at school. I would've probably got more interested in science. you do a great job. keep on!

[@mobvoxen]

It is very nice of you to give the children such a practical approach to concepts of science congrats and please continue to do this

[@JeffersonLab]

Something like 75 liters. That's ridiculously large when you realize that the Dewar we normally fill for a show is 10 liters.

[@rai2339]

mom: OMG how are you still not sleeping its now almost 5:00! me: MOM IM LEARNING! *awkward silence*

[@connorsalvatori1721]

What?

[@cenapunksheamusshow]

this guy is a super good lecturer

[@qrisquinn]

When youtube recommends you a video that is not only fun but teaches you something, 10 years later.

[@JeffersonLab]

No real damage is done. The worst it does is it causes the rug to separate from the floor. The rug is actually 1' by 1' sections and when individual sections get cold, the material the backing is made from contracts, so the square sections will bow up. Once it warms up again, they go back into position, but whatever glue was used doesn't work anymore, so there are 'loose' sections of carpeting in that area. The gloves are leather welder's gloves. Cowhide, I think.

[@erictaylor5462]

I have worked as a ski lift operator. One day I was working the top shack while the kid's ski team was exclusively using that lift. This is a very laid back job because being on the ski team these kid's all know how to get on and off a ski lift without any issues... Or so I thought. At one point I saw two kids coming up. One had his face very close to the bar that holds the chair on the lift while his "friend" was waving and yelling frantically. Being somewhat familiar with the behavior of both young boys AND cold metal I figured out, before they got there, what had happened. Of course one boy dared the other to lick the pole, which of course the other did. I was able to quickly and painlessly remove the kid from the pole with a bit of water. But I made sure the kid was very embarrassed. I made sure the bottom guy told EVERYBODY what had happened! It really was very funny.

[@dmac2899]

This is the kind of teacher that deserves the pay raise.

[@parthmaske3294]

i want to go back in time and take lessons of physics from him.

[@JeffersonLab]

No, the whole presentation isn't on KZbin. The other segments that have been uploaded are called "Should a person touch 200,000 Volts?" and "Liquid Nitrogen and Fire!" Other segments may also make their way up.

[@JeffersonLab]

@lPurpleHD A more complete version is coming, hopefully by mid-December. It's not from this particular filming, but it does cram most of the standard demos into a relatively short amount of time.

[@cheat200]

What is the name of this guy? I see him everywhere and he is incredibly fun to watch.

[@Smoocht305]

I wish i had science teachers like this

[@mayonnaiseface8678]

me too

[@JeffersonLab]

@meowmeow5 Working on it. We had the Open House video to push out first. That will get subtitles, too. It just takes a while to do it manually.

[@JeffersonLab]

Not likely. Most of the missing sections are already covered in the 'standard' Frostbite Theater series. There's also a nearly complete liquid nitrogen show from one of our Open Houses up here ('Liquid Nitrogen Show!', I think) that would basically be repeated if this presentation were wholly uploaded. There's a section on plasmas and a beginning electrostatics section that may eventually get uploaded. If that's done, only the general Lab overview would be missing.

[@JeffersonLab]

@wvang0013 Usually, glass doesn't care for it too much. We do use Pyrex containers for some of these videos, but you typically wouldn't in real life. If you threw a glass container filled with nitrogen against a all, you would end up with liquid nitrogen all over the place. It would quickly boil away. It wouldn't turn into a solid.

[@JeffersonLab]

@insAneTunA All except that the liquid nitrogen isn't warming up. It remains at its boiling point as it changes from a liquid to a gas so, technically, the liquid portion doesn't get any warmer than it is.

[@JeffersonLab]

@cursemarkfan Well, assuming you're in the area, you'd pick a date listed on our website and call/email for a reservation. Doing a search for 'Jefferson Lab Physics Fest' should bring up the right page.

[@wvang0013]

Hey guys really enjoy your show. I have a question though, what happens when you put liquid nitrogen in a glass container? will it shatter? Also, what if you throw that glass container at a wall or something metal, will the liquid nitrogen freeze whatever it comes into contact with?

[@JeffersonLab]

@CAZZERNERY Not completely. If it were, then you would expect hydrogen to have a lower boiling point than helium, but it doesn't. The mass of the atom/molecule is important, but so are the forces between individual atoms/molecules. The more they 'stick' to each other, the more difficult it is to make them change to a gas.

[@HirosamaNadasaki]

Metric system, however, is one of the International Units, like grams. International units are the standard unit for science subjects. I'm not saying that the whole U.S. country should change it's measuring system (although that would be quite convenient), nor that the teacher should do presentations using metric system, but it would be nice to get the students accostumed to the metric system since it will probably be the one used in school exercises

[@JeffersonLab]

@Almontmarine Captions will be up in a few days.

[@insAneTunA]

@JeffersonLab Thank you for your explanation. Now I understand it, it's the same as boiling water, it doesn't get hotter after it boils although the nitrogen still feels very cold because it has a low boiling point. And the bottom and sides from the kettle are as a hot plate for the nitrogen. I like these videos, I've learned almost everything I know about chemistry and Physics from videos like these. Better then TV :-)

[@JeffersonLab]

@Jon58004 Helium can be frozen, but it has to be placed under pressure. If you could manage to cool it to 0 K, helium it would still be a liquid under normal atmospheric pressure.

[@Gruntled346]

@JeffersonLab so how would i be able to come wach these presentations or what ever you want to call these?

[@spellshellmobile2046]

I like how this video abruptly ends when he's asked vulanteer from an audience...

[@MadHatterLOLiSmAd]

4:58 "I wouldn't go drinking it." *looks at related videos* "Drinking liquid nitrogen" SEEMS LEGIT.

[@Blackjesus209]

@JeffersonLab where are you guys located exactly?

[@DarkVariable]

This guy is awesome, I wish I had teachers like this when I was in school

[@kittehlovr2468]

Can u make a video of a ENTIRE lecture please? I am in 6th grade but you completely capture my attention

[@JeffersonLab]

@htirah100 Different things have different freezing and boiling points. Nitrogen's is low, water's is 'normal' and the iron the tea kettle is made from is high.

[@JeffersonLab]

This is where he works. The students came to Jefferson Lab for the presentation.

[@ciaranlifegb4518]

Hey, I'm from Britain and your the best teacher ever 😂😂 I join in with the lesson !!! 🇬🇧

[@MikiefKelly]

Thats so awesome. I've been in that room for those experiments. That was an amazing day.

[@blueaxolotl5086]

This guy is literally my undercover science teacher. Im not joking.

[@JeffersonLab]

@TheAdeler1 No, nitrogen isn't poisonous. It'll freeze you, but not poison you.

[@mediocre-motorcycle-modifi6818]

1:02 321 below zero? The American's still use Fahrenheit? o_O

[@JeffersonLab]

Mediocre-Motorcycle-Modifications Yep. And miles and pounds, too.

[@VK-pk8uz]

Jefferson Lab That's pounds for mass, not for currency.

[@orthotron]

Haha I did a double take too.

[@MichaelJones-ny3ot]

Chinmay Dabral i have learned it and i am personally trying to transition because it is much easier to use, but after using it for 18 years its like breathing its very hard to get used to a new system

[@orthotron]

Michael Jones I think you should be able to get used to a new system within a few months. But I don't blame you. You can only get a feel for the size of the base units if you use them regularly. If you live in the US, I guess you don't get many opportunities to do that as everything must be in the old units. Still it's good to hear that you've learned the system even though it's not yet intuitive to you.

[@JeffersonLab]

@tylerwalker2 I don't work at a school. I work at a place called Jefferson Lab. It's a Department of Energy basic physics research laboratory.

[@JeffersonLab]

For us, liquid nitrogen costs about $1 a gallon. Whether or not you consider than to be expensive depends on your financial situation, to which I am not privy. Yes, boiling too much nitrogen in an area can result in what's known as Oxygen Deficiency Hazard. What's used in this demo is nowhere remotely close to being enough to cause a problem. (It's generally considered bad form to asphyxiate your audience.)

[@jimogubgub]

Brilliant, simply brilliant.

[@grilledtungsten12]

It is quite interesting. It shows some forces/principals in action. The molecules diffuse from an area of H-L concentration (represented as pressure). It shows the leidenfrost effect and it also i some ways shows le chataleirs principal (unsure on the spelling as its been a while since i done science at school)

[@alski]

I know but you gradually explain everything and just are a good teacher, if you know what I mean.

[@TrinityAlex]

Sorry, I forgot to mention - great video as always! - And thank you for your reply :) [here in Europe it's quite hard to find Liquid Nitrogen and also it's quite expensive - 5 euros/liter - about 25 US dollars/gallon]

[@CAZZERNERY]

From the thermometer where it says nitrogen and helium boils, is it the smaller the atom, the lower the temperature it needs to boil?

[@JeffersonLab]

@Astanize Yep. When you have nearly instant access to a 9,000 gallon storage tank, you get into that mindset.

[@theZeftist]

Amazing Professor!

[@Mikeanglo]

Man this is awesome. Wish we had something like this at our school.

[@ocarinaalli]

i would have loved to have a teacher like this when i was in school... class would have been so much fun.

[@ausanibadisa]

LOL 1:26-1:28 the guy in the blue shirts raises his hand twice XD

[@krithiki6200]

Really helpful sir. thank you

[@JeffersonLab]

@keekatdanceparty Nitrogen does not conduct electricity, so the board would not short out.

[@67tr876]

@JeffersonLab I see but is there something that is cooler then liquid nitrogen ?

[@JeffersonLab]

Thanks!

[@tsundancer]

If you were to pour liquid nitrogen on a circuit board (ignoring factors such as the circuit board freezing and cracking) would the liquid nitrogen make it short out as if water was poured on it?

[@JeffersonLab]

The rest of the world can watch if it likes. However, the rest of the world shouldn't get its collective pants in a bunch when U.S. customary units are used with a U.S. audience. True, metric is the most common measurement system. It's also true that Mandarin is the most common language. That doesn't mean that it should be used for this presentation.

[@Jon58004]

i have a question, i know liquid helium is a couple of degrees above absolute zero so can you get solid helium?

[@Blizz-099]

Best teacher eva!

[@tylerwalker2]

this is awsome!!! what school do u work at>?

[@Arcterion]

Rofl, I love how he's just throwing liquid nitrogen around. I know safety goes first, but I'm willing to bet a few of the kids in front had urges to run to the back of the room. :P

[@JeffersonLab]

@TheAdeler1 It depends on how much of you gets frozen.

[@sat4062]

again with these infamous "lawyers" tormenting the poor proffesor

[@bruhlake5280]

Where can I find more of these videos?

[@JeffersonLab]

You could follow the links in the video's description. You could go to the channel page and look at the list of videos. Since the video opens with a title card calling itself 'Frostbite Theater,' you could Google 'Frostbite Theater.'

[@jessss0x]

if i saw you while i was in school , i probly woullda passed science. lol , now time for me to use you to pass my GED test

[@viiiiiiiince]

This is the kind of video to make people want to go into the STEM field of work

[@JeffersonLab]

@superfrenchfrys Where is Yucaipa High School?

[@67tr876]

Some kid hit me on the head with a Tea Kettle today LOL good thing i had my hard hat on.

[@Kiddolioable]

@JeffersonLab When vid finished

[@helloworldies]

Love how he just pours it all over the carpet.

[@Adam-lt4fx]

what pressure would be needed to keep the liquid nitrogen a liquid inside a closed cell container?

[@JeffersonLab]

+Adam Cole At room temperature? There isn't one. Nitrogen's critical point is 3.3948 MPa at 126.192 K. Trap liquid nitrogen in a closed container at room temperature and it will either change to a gas or, if the pressure exceeds 3.3948 MPa (about 33.5 ATM), into a supercritical fluid.

[@agpemasadauti547]

+Jefferson Lab This channel needs more views.

[@JeffersonLab]

@67tr876 No. Liquid oxygen is slightly warmer than liquid nitrogen.

[@Designathan]

is this based in a college or high school? if so where? Jefferson Lab

[@JeffersonLab]

Narwhale The Great Jefferson Lab is a Department of Energy basic physics research laboratory located in Newport News, Virginia. It is neither a college nor a high school.

[@chrisminblkdiamond]

"Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere." Does that mean everything that is not 2 degrees above absolute 0 boils? Can quick silver boil?

[@JeffersonLab]

Helium boils around 2 K. Everything else is a solid at that temperature and therefore not boiling. Not everything will boil under every condition. For example, carbon dioxide changes directly from a solid to a gas at standard pressure. If you want carbon dioxide to boil, you have to place it under great pressure, as well as making it hot enough. And, yes, mercury (quick silver) boils. Under standard pressure, it will boil at 629.88 K. Note that the boiling point changes with pressure. That's why cooking instructions are different for those living in the mountains and for those living at sea level.

[@chrisminblkdiamond]

@@JeffersonLab Is helium a gas or liquid?

[@chrisminblkdiamond]

@@JeffersonLab "Liquid mercury vaporizes (evaporates) at room temperature causing elevated levels of mercury in indoor air. Mercury vapor is not irritating and has no odor, so people do not know when they are breathing it."

[@JeffersonLab]

@@chrisminblkdiamond What temperature is the helium? What pressure is it under? Helium in a balloon at a party is a gas. Put it in our refrigeration station, and it'll be a liquid.

[@JeffersonLab]

@@chrisminblkdiamond Vaporizing isn't the same thing as boiling. A puddle of rainwater eventually vaporizes, even though it's well below its boiling point. When something boils, its vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure. You get 'air bubbles' of the material within the material. However, a liquid can change to a gas at its surface at temperatures well below the boiling point. Temperature is a measurement of the average thermal energy of a material. Basically, a measurement of the average speed of the particles. But, it's an average. Some particles move slower than average and some move faster than average. If a particle is moving fast enough, and if it's at the surface of the liquid, it's possible for it to escape.

[@nrrork]

Where were you when *I* was in school, man? It's a shame we never really got to do enough interesting experiments in class when I was in school, because at it was, the classes mostly just BORED me. I mean, I have a much greater interest in it NOW as an adult, but I may have gotten better grades back then if I something had piqued my interest, instead of feeling like I was just stuck getting required courses out of the way.

[@MeetReed]

I LOVE THIS GUY

[@JeffersonLab]

The audience wasn't filled with real American scientists. No point in doing something if the audience isn't going to understand it.

[@wvang0013]

Thanks! I thought anything it comes in contact with would freeze instantly.

[@AhmedTools]

He should do a TV show like Dr. Proton. I am sure it's going to be on TOP.

[@superfrenchfrys]

Please do an experiment at Yucaipa High School. There needs to be more science in our lives.

[@JeffersonLab]

He does.

[@JeffersonLab]

@keekatdanceparty Actually, that is one use for it.

[@N00TN007]

is that the only place you go and teach and stuff

[@rudrapriyachauhan2673]

Dropping comment for future

[@JeffersonLab]

@67tr876 Sure. Solid nitrogen for one. Liquid hydrogen, liquid neon and liquid helium are others.

[@shreyan80085]

INDIA NEEDS TEACHERS LIKE HIM!!!!!

[@JeffersonLab]

Yes, it has everything to do with the Leidenfrost effect.

[@JeffersonLab]

Mainly. it's for the entertainment value of the audience.

[@JeffersonLab]

@Jordzter91 No, it's middle school. 8th graders in this particular audience, I think.

[@insAneTunA]

The liquid nitrogen is warming up inside the kettle, it starts to boil inside the kettle and it turns into a gas. The expanding gas makes the kettle to whistle.

[@wakamoly7327]

My nostalgia is going nuts i was in this class they filmed

[@oriahope1726]

I wish my teachers in school were like this!!!! scratch that - I wish all teachers were like this!!!!!