Liquid Rocket Engines 1 : Design

[@BPSspace]

Can't wait to see more, great work, Charlie!

[@SanderRoelofs96]

You should build him some SRBs

[@vineethba1503]

It will be great if you both collaborate and build a rocket ..

[@justanotherasian4395]

Vineeth BA oh. My. God. Yes. Joe could design the flight computer and gimble system while Charlie makes the engine

[@shlok975]

hey! you are here too!

[@habibarrasyid8186]

BPS.space!!

[@MrZnarffy]

I would love to see you develop and test this engine.. Together with BPs space this is getting interesting. :)

[@jason9152]

Looking forward to seeing this project advance. I really hope you take us along for the full ride.

[@karelmatuska977]

Exactly. I feel like KZbin is missing comprehensive video series on rocket engine design. Feel free to make longer in-depth videos. Can't wait for next one. Thx BPS!

[@diogocastanheira9899]

Here to see all the videos till the end result! Good explanation!

[@CanineDefenseTechnologies]

Even more excuses for me to build a propulsion test stand..

[@linztube]

This is fantastic, there is essentially no content online for hobby scale liquid rocket engines. I've always wanted to do this as a project. Thanks for great intro video, can't wait for the rest of the series 😁🚀

[@storminmormin14]

This series sounds awesome! The more in-depth the better.

[@ricardomourita1823]

Man, you really got me going now. I didn't know how to even start doing the math, I've made the stoichiometric calculations to have a perfect fuel / oxidizer ratio but never figured out where to go then. This was a quick "tutorial" but really easy to understand for the average mind! Thank YOU!

[@maxwolf1602]

Most legendary Cosmosphere counselor of all time

[@jrs36psu]

interesting first order explanation to get a feel of the scale of the numbers. thanks.

[@kanva4]

Please please please do more videos about this topic. This is great!

[@RyanDobler]

Subscribed and SUPER interested in all the nitty gritty details!

[@martinmcgirk2692]

I am interested in seeing all those things that you just suggested. Awesome concept for a channel!

[@junuhunuproductions]

Good luck Charlie. Very interesting.

[@jaredmulconry]

Count me in on this. The more depth you're willing to provided in your process, the better, imo :)

[@jaredmulconry]

I ended up here because of BPS' recommendation in his community post

[@palliyil]

Please continue with the series even if you fail. Eagerly awaiting the next episode

[@chancepricee]

BPS sent me over, I’m super excited to see what you do since I’m going into my junior year studying these mechanics.

[@octavedelpierre5718]

Very nice and interesting video, it could be nice to see more !!

[@papatrick1]

You got me interested! Looking forward to your next video.

[@jamalshaterian]

great presentation. ill be waiting for more videos.

[@BI-11y_TheStormTrooper]

We will watch your hobby with great interest.

[@maxwolf1602]

Charlie what level are you? Those are some pretty beefy rockets in the background. I just got my L1 certification yesterday. You set off much of my interest in space at the Cosmosphere and it literally changed my life. Thanks for the great years, man!

[@AstroCharlie]

I'm so excited to hear that! I'm honored you remember me. I earned my L3 on an M1650 two years ago with the black and blue rocket in the left corner.

[@amperzand9162]

I'm very interested to see more of this project!

[@kemfic]

absolutely ecstatic that you finally posted this

[@astrofox2409]

Thank you for attempting this sort of challenge. I have been longing to see how I can produce one for use on high power rockets to send small payloads to high altitudes, not to mention my university has brought up the possibility of developing one from scratch. However, I do not quite know where to start other than reading and taking notes from "An Introduction to Rocket Science and Engineering" as well as reading "Ignition!" which, admittedly probably isn't enough for me to fully understand how they are constructed.

[@johnrutkowski9005]

I think the people watching these videos would appreciate as much detail as possible 😂

[@counter-g2585]

Sure enough

[@rh323]

Great information. Thank you Charlie

[@SimplySpace]

This is awesome! I can't wait to see this work.

[@alimoodie1]

Go deep man! It's really cool seeing the thermodynamics behind the engine.

[@TeaheanYT]

Hi, thank you SO MUCH for this. Learning so much here compared to what I learned in class. It was mostly theory, but all of this is practical. Just another reminder that you're a really big help. hope you're doing well.

[@tomaszcomasz_]

Wow! That is amazing! Very interesting topic, liquid rocket engines seems like a very complex thing 🤔 Looking forward for next video! PS. Thanks Joe for bringing me here!

[@joshuasturre1454]

Yes, we are very interested in the more in depth videos!!! Load me up with plumbing footage!

[@deleted_account-u3w]

This video is so good I subscribed before finishing it

[@sock501]

Definitely interested in both more and more in-depth content!

[@mariog9202]

Thanks bps space for recommending this video, very cool!!

[@thomasdegenhardt8014]

I’m 15 and making solid propellants for my rockets. Making a liquid fuelled engine is definitely my next project once I have a bit more experience with liquid propellants... a lot more experience 😄

[@vineethba1503]

Excellent work Charlie , looking forward for your videos on how to design a combustion chamber and nozzle for liquid propellant rocket engines

[@Graham.556]

Small question. Have you read "Ignition!" by John D. Clark? if so do you recommend it?

[@AstroCharlie]

I have, and I do recommend it!

[@Graham.556]

@@AstroCharlie Awesome! thanks for reply!

[@YukonK9]

I'm so excited for more! Also promise me if you get it to work that you'll put a marshmallow coated in phenolic ablatives into the exhaust and attempt to roast it

[@rfs.aviation3977]

Love the vids keep it up and would love to see more like these.🚀

[@junpreetham]

This is going to be exciting

[@eduardovillalobos8886]

This video made designing an engine incredibly simple! New subscriber :) I'm *attempting* to design a 3D printable rocket engine that won't melt. Easier said than Done!

[@michaeljulian9198]

If/when I get back to college, I want to eventually design and build a ~1kN MethaLOX engine, so if you don't mind I'm gonna be taking some serious notes, so if you want to go beyond the layman's explanations into truly nitty gritty masters details, please do cause I'm gonna need all the help that I can get to have a basic head start before I get back.

[@AstroCharlie]

I don't talk about it here, but I did design work on a 2kN methalox engine. Machined a lot of test parts, but we had problems with supercritical methane injection, cooling, and generally inexperienced choices made early in the design. I'll throw deets in later videos.

[@boweneveritt3400]

@@dingwon Share the resources!!! I'd love to check them out!

[@danettimartino8146]

@@dingwon Hi, is this offer still available? If you could share your resources that would be greatly appreciated.

[@robbiejames1540]

If you're still interested, i've found using NASA's CEA ( cearun.grc.nasa.gov/ ) on the rocket mode will tell you almost anything you want so long as you spend a bit of time figuring it out.

[@michaeljulian9198]

@@robbiejames1540 Thanks for the link, I've bookmarked it! Unfortunately I'll be putting any return to classes plans on hold until the pandemic ends, but I've been gradually learning basic and above basic equations and concepts I previously hadn't learned yet. If I can learn some thermodynamics and become more acquainted with it as pertaining to the gas laws, I could potentially design a simplified rocket engine, or at least familiarize myself to the equations for one, before I make any real plans.

[@aryanrajsingh3058]

Can't wait to see more

[@davidduhme7780]

Pls do more of this... I love it

[@martinchambers9918]

Excellent video with great info.

[@atakankeskin2927]

More video please please please, don't worry we are curious about detsils it wont be bored 👌🏽

[@jamieclarke321]

I saw you on bps space. Would definitely be interested in all the nitty gritty details of the whole design process behind this

[@nicholaschavez5120]

Thank you Charlie, very cool!

[@fineidos151]

Wow you deserve a LOT more subscribers!

[@runee7437]

Stoked for more content! Good luck.

[@nadavram7322]

Any recommended books to learn about this kinda stuff? I'm in high school rn and I really want to learn! I don't care if they're technical or involve some math as long as I can mostly understand them :) 📖

[@mattholmes00]

Nomenclature; correct me if I’m wrong, but c* is typically used for characteristic velocity, c is exhaust velocity, not the same quantities (c* isn’t even a real velocity)

[@manvirsingh3727]

Can you tell me how did you calculated combustion temperature and exhaust velocity didn't get that 😭

[@anshuman_eek]

Highly interested and worth the wait

[@shivamvevo9443]

My parents forced me to become doctor but want to become space scientist You are lucky man

[@jwh103]

Hi Charlie. First of all, thank you for sharing your knowledge with us. It's really great to see other rocket engineers ideas. But I believe I have found some error in your calculation of enthalpy of formation. 2:01 From WIKI (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_enthalpy_of_formation ) enthalpy of formation for C2H5OH -277.0 kj/mol H2O -241.818 kj/mol CO2 -393.509 kj/mol. As far as I know, enthalpy of formation 3*(-241.818)+2*(-393.509)-(-277.0) = -1235.472 kj/mol. If I'm right, for 1mole of ethanol 1235 kj of energy is released. Feel free to correct me if I'm wrong. Again thank you for making this video. bye

[@AstroCharlie]

Normally, you'd be right! However there's a phase change or two to remember, since we'll have liquid reactants and gaseous propellants. The other secret is that software does this now-a-days with much higher fidelity because it can consider reactions that don't run to completion, and disassociated products in the exhaust stream.

[@CombraStudios]

What are some yet unbroken records regarding amateur liquid fueled rockets and what have already been accomplished?

[@Ollie287]

4:16 @CharlieGarcia How may this process be done? is it just based of the price and how much fuel is used? just wanna make sure

[@astraeides11145]

if anyone is still curious on how he got all these values on his calculations, learn to use CEA. trust me, there is a LOT of things going on behind the scenes adn unfortunantly he does not go into much detail at all on how to do this yourself. this is just a intro. read RPE and do a little CEA and you will be able to get similar numbers to what he got. best of luck

[@Outsoldier]

what do you mean read RPE?

[@astraeides11145]

@@Outsoldier hello man, RPE stands for rocket propulsion elements, from Sutton. It has been a year since I started my rocketry project and I also recommend RPA which stands for rocket propulsion analysis. Super useful program. Currently writing a journal of how to make a rocket engine step by step, so if you are interested drop by my channel at some point for it. Unlike most videos on KZbin I will publish my project to the public as a open source project so that anyone can replicate it and modify it. I also plan to make a discord server for people such as you and me to share their knowledge in a centralized place without the fear of being gatekeeped out of the hobby. Have a nice day.

[@Outsoldier]

@@astraeides11145 sounds really cool! ill keep updated on your channel and the discord server sounds like a great idea thank you!

[@TheMessi324]

Hi Charlie ! Thanks for your great explainations about Rocket engines But I've tried many times to calculate an adiabatic combustion temperature, and every time I get a crazy value like 5000K, and you got a decent value here, how did you do ??? What values should I take for DH, and the heat capacities ??

[@perigeedynamics5941]

SAW YOU AT THE BPS.SPACE LAUNCH TODAY!!!!!!

[@Readyplayer11]

Spacex interviewer- what projects have you done Him - bulit a liquid fueled rocked

[@aldenconsolver3428]

Get back with me about this, I am a planetary scientist but always enjoyed rockets

[@YukonK9]

Wow Charlie reached 1k subs!

[@whiteangelberry7417]

Hello, im working on a 1.4kN liquid rocket engine for a high school project. My calculations somehow led to a very long combustion chamber. Could a longer combustion chamber lead to more instabilities or somehow endanger the engine itself. From what i know, it just loses its energy.

[@AstroCharlie]

We'll talk about combustion chamber design in a few weeks, but especially for small engines, the chambers look disproportionately long in order to get good combustion efficiency.

[@mohitjoc25]

Make more lectures on how to stable rocket....and all about rockets from starting

[@Bear049]

How do you purpose to deal with heating of the combustion chamber and the nozzle. Thanks if you have time do you have time to talk to a old guy about a few ideas

[@manvirsingh3727]

What did you put in ∆h plz reply 🙏🏻

[@silviobertonati8497]

Very nice! Can´t wait to see more!

[@Rebelarian]

What value for T(o) do you use? And I'm assuming delta H is your 32.25 MJ?

[@hyunsoorocket]

Could you please elaborate on the specific heats when calculating the combustion chamber temperature?

[@matthewsnyder4211]

^^ Did you ever figure it out?

[@محمدالسلطاني-ث7ظ]

What is the size of the nozzle diameter relative to the size of the engine diameter?

[@thebackyardspaceprogram]

How did you get 3030K, I just can't get to that result?!

[@Underrated_Games]

could you put a link on all of your equations cause i am using different prepollents

[@ThatOneOddGuy]

alright I want to make one but I want some books about it first so I can understand all the equations you used also where did you learn what you to make this engine if there are books can I get the names and links

[@DylanEdmiston]

Hi Charlie, thank you for your videos. Is your equation for exit velocity for choked flow only? Then I assume you wouldn't have a divergent nozzle? I ask because the equation NASA gives for exit velocity = Exit Mach * sqrt( Gamma * Gas Constant * TempExit ).

[@patb686]

Dude you are a master! Now build a simple a powerful Pulse detonation engine that could power a small aircraft or something like an Ekranoplan.

[@mmb3006]

how did you get Cp of co2 and h2o because from what i see it changes with temperature and you cant calculate it without so did you just use a prediction?

[@MichaelFairhurst]

For the equation C*^2/2 = CpTc, does this consider pressure increase from released gasses? Is pressure increase negligible or does it somehow get factored to the derivation of this expression, in due to using Cp instead of isobaric specific heat? Would it not be possible to use ke = mv^2/2 to estimate characteristic velocity, using entropy in addition to enthalpy, to get an estimate of best case conversion from chemical energy to exhaust velocity?

[@sagarhm2237]

Can you suggest some good books to learn these things in depth. Plzzzz

[@ryanthompson7884]

When solving for the temperature of combustion, how did you find delta h? I get finding specific heats and your initial temperature, but I can't figure out how you found your change in enthalpy?

[@matthewsnyder4211]

^^Did you figure it out?

[@justanotherasian4395]

Ok I need a workshop, some materials, ethynol, LOX, and a test stand. I am actually curious tho, my friends and I are designing a rocket and I was wondering if I should use a hybrid or liquid fueled engine. I’m aware of the pros and cons of both, I just want a 2nd opinion.

[@camerondavis3120]

Great video, I'm excited to see the rest. I'm also working on building my first engine this summer. I've decided to code all the nessecary equations in Matlab so that I can optimize them faster and compare other design choices on the spot. Do you have any experience with Nitromethane? I've read about it being used as a monoprop and I'm interested in trying to use it with Nitrous Oxide although I'm prepared to switch to another hydrocarbon for my fuel if my calculations push me that way. Also hoping to use a pintle injector with face shut off. My goal is to iterate until I have built a fairly reliable engine that I can then use to test other ideas that I have.

[@AstroCharlie]

I'm curious what you plan to optimize for. Especially for the first engine you build 'robustness' is usually the most valuable quantity, but there isn't an equation for that. I've heard of nitromethane being used as a monoprop in torpedos, but I'm not super excited to go and try it. In a biprop, there are cheaper, higher performance, easier to obtain, stabler fuels, and even some with all of that in one.

[@iPadtutorial99ROBLOX]

How are you planning to make the engine? Will you just machine it out of something like steel, copper, or graphite?

[@larsenmathias4499]

Can you please tell me which solid fuel is used in rocket

[@addisonmartin730]

Can confirm, am interested.

[@holdenfine4]

How did you get 32.25 megajoules/kg? If 1000 grams (1kg) of propellant were used(oxygen included), 32 percent by mass would have to be ethanol. In 320 grams of ethanol, there are about 7 mols ethanol. 7mol times 1145 kJ/mol is 8015 kj or 8 mj/kg propellant. Even if you burned 1000 grams ethanol in excess oxygen, it would only equate to about 24 megajoules. Maybe I’m missing something?

[@theredstonehive]

I think his calculations are using 70% Ethanol, the rest being Water. That is where the 1145 kJ/mol comes from, undiluted it is around 1365.5 kJ/mol.

[@carstenbehling1280]

I think the math should be: 1000g * mol/46g = 21mol ... then ... 1248kJ/mol * 21mol = 26208kJ = 26,2MJ

[@TrollerzTV]

@@theredstonehive where did the 1145 come from is it on a thermodynamic table for ethanol specifically?

[@Thorgon-Cross]

Follow his lead and build a small one first, not like me who try'd to build a 5Kn engine right away. Short version I ended up putting the 5Kn on hold to build (and now done test firing) a smaller one first.

[@ammarjr6117]

Where can i find a references book for design a rocket ?

[@lennarthcohen4626]

Hey Charlie, the upcoming year I will start my aerospace engineering studies and I am very interested in making rockets. Do you also study AE?

[@AstroCharlie]

I do.

[@yorklin3672]

Gosh!!! Finally. Thanks for your sharing

[@qwqwasas2517]

Im 14, i dont understand any thing😅, but i think you do it the right way, thank you❤

[@lucky_overdrive4426]

Dw as a fellow high school student (older) if you do N5 physics/engineering or maybe chemistry (GCSEs if you’re English idk what Americans use tho) you’ll probably understand most of this

[@regulatorjohnson.]

cant wait!

[@Otawee]

I love your videos. It would be better if you get a microphone

[@eritra4303]

But how do you know the mass flow rate?

[@sriramswain3864]

Respected Sir, How to design a liquid rocket engine with new propellant mixtures, without knowing any of the performance parameters like chamber pressure,specific impulse,etc.completely from scratch only using the design equations,

[@sharpd3103]

I think by characteristic exhaust velocity (c*) you meant maximum exhaust velocity. Am I wrong ?

[@Extorc]

i have a question though , is this just a lab model to look at or it has enough thrust to weight raio to support use

[@wyattb3138]

Why not use diesel that is identical to RP-1?

[@TNTHammer]

Soot might limit engine burn time and it's ability to be re used. Also, it's dense, and it can add more problems.