Liverworts Use The Rain To Make Their Clones

"Correction: 03:09 Leafy liverworts are estimated to make up the majority of the diversity of liverwort species."
"Correction: 05:08 Not all thalloid liverworts have gemma cups, and there are leafy liverworts that use gemmae for reproduction as well."
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An ambiguously long time ago, there was this theory of medicine. An idea that if you came across a plant that looked like a body part, that meant it was meant to treat ailments that targeted said part. And this put a lot of pressure on liverwort, simply because it resembled the liver.
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[@journeytomicro]

The first 100 people to download Endel by clicking the link will get a free week of audio experiences! bit.ly/JourneytoMicrocosmos

[@kellyharrison5184]

Correction: Culpepper was referring to the Hepatica nobilis plant, once known as the Liverwort. It is a low-growing, shade-loving angiosperm which possesses three-lobed leaves (shaped like a human liver), and 'small Starlike Flowers' which rise on thin stalks. Its roots are very fine and small. It was widely known for centuries as a cure for liver disorders. In fact, its Genus name is a direct reference to the liver.

[@journeytomicro]

Hey, thanks for pointing that out, and we’ve looked into it to clarify. Based on our sources, it seems that there’s ambiguity about exactly which “liverwort” Culpeper is referring to as there are a few organisms that seem to fit the criteria of looking liver-like and as such, being considered potential treatments for issues of the liver. These include the bryophytes, Hepatica nobilis, and a lichen. It can be difficult to parse through these old texts and confirm the species we know by their names today, so we appreciate your comment for pointing out an ambiguity that we didn’t have in the episode. And if you have any sources confirming that it is Hepatica nobilis, let us know, we love to solve an identification problem on Journey to the Microcosmos! - www.herbalgram.org/resources/herbalgram/issues/78/table-of-contents/article3244/ - www.google.com/books/edition/Bulletin_of_the_Lloyd_Library_of_Botany/5Jq4AAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=marchantia - www.gutenberg.org/files/49513/49513-h/49513-h.htm

[@simple8mind8]

Kelly, I greatly appreciate your correction as someone who greatly appreciates honesty in learning. It's just sad that some people feel that production value, outweighs the integrity of production accuracy. Not willing to retract the work, though they know what they claimed is likely a falsehood. Since the work could easily be salvaged, with a simple edit job to remove the claim.. This video gets a thumbs down for me. As the choice to keep it in, regardless of it's inaccuracy for the sake of the production. Is a way that lies get perpetuated in the first place. And I can't entrust my attention to such a person. If they had no idea it's one thing, but to ridicule someone else's life work using a falsehood, for the support of your own work its just... I really don't have words for it, it's a degree of dishonesty that speaks to ones character in ways I just can't describe. It's unconscionable.

[@StandardName562]

tl;dr

[@ndownman]

​@@simple8mind8maybe you should make a video outlining better media practices since you seem well versed

[@simple8mind8]

@@ndownman @ndownman if your ok with getting your media from someone who puts down someone else's life work based on ambiguity. Then you go right on ahead, as for me I've spoken my peace. I'm just tired of seeing folks throw out honesty for the sake of content. Before long we will have a generation that lacks integrity, and only cares about how many hits they get. As long as the production quality looks, and sounds good. It doesn't matter how ambiguous the information is that's presented. I mean what truly matters is that it sounds good, and looks good. Just keep pushing that content out, doesn't matter if it's accurate or not. Isn't that right my friend? I'm sorry if I've offended you, but as I said I've spoken my peace. If it was me I would just snip that part out of my content for the sake of integrity of my work. But hey that's just me.

[@journeytomicro]

Hey everyone, seems like we might've spread our rhizoids a bit too thin and made a few mistake, so we wanted to make a few corrections. First, at 03:09 we said that leafy liverworts are the less common variety of liverworts when in fact leafy liverworts are estimated to make up the majority of the diversity of liverwort species. And second, at 05:08 when talking about gemma cups, we were not very clear that not all thalloid liverworts have gemma cups, and there are leafy liverworts that use gemmae for reproduction as well. Thank you to the commenters for helping us on this journey to understand the unseen world that surrounds us.

[@nazzkid23]

they little clones are described so cutely its making me tear up 🥹

[@ArawnOfAnnwn]

Would you find human cloning as cute?

[@spheroid-collective]

​@ArawnOfAnnwn if it's like this then yes

[@RissaFirecat]

@@spheroid-collective I agree, lol! I have Culpeppers book.

[@LarryPeteet]

​@ArawnOfAnnwn Your Question deserves an Answer!

[@LarryPeteet]

You have a reply asking you a question which all of us would love to hear your answer!

[@gayforbrae5693]

liverworts are one of my favourite types of plant honestly i have like 5 different types growing in tubs lol

[@tesseract_1982]

I love those tiny primeval plants, and now that I live close to a forest, was looking into tending to some kind of vase or (mini) herbarium, just with moss. Could you tell me a bit more about the basic setting? What do you mean by "tubs" in that context? Thanks 💚

[@flightlesschicken7769]

3:55 it’s worth mentioning, there are non seed vascular plants-including ferns, lycophytes and equestrophytes

[@LimeyLassen]

I assume lycophytes are shaped like tiny wolves and equestrophytes are tiny horses

[@flightlesschicken7769]

@@LimeyLassen Lol, absolutely. Thanks, that made me smile :) If you are curious, lycophtes are named that because the roots of the group’s type genus _Lycopodium_ was said to resemble a wolf’s foot and claws; I personally don’t see it, but I like the name haha. Equisetophytes (I spelt it incorrectly initially as it turns out) on the other hand have some species that are said to resemble horse tails; horsetail is actually one of their common names. Fun fact, during the Carboniferous period the first trees appeared, and those trees were giant equisetophtes and lycophytes. The giant equisetophytes looked just like the ones alive today, but giant. The lineage of the lycophyte trees sadly is no longer around, save one genus of small relatives which are the only non seed plants alive today that still experiences secondary (woody) growth. Almost all of our coal and oil comes from those ancient lycophyte and equisetophyte trees Edit: I mistakenly said there was only one surviving species of isoete (the lycophyte tree relatives)

[@domsquaaa4323]

.

[@marcotedesco8954]

Liverworts are adorable. I often see Lunularia cruciata, with its characteristic open, crescent-shaped cups holding many tiny but visible, grass-green gemmae. I always think of them as ancient inhabitants of a small, whimsical, slimy world.

[@lhbbio]

The image shown at 5:03 is not a gemma cup. It actually is an air pore existing at upper surface of Marchantia (see many of them at 6:00 for instance). Unfortunately, no gemma cup or gemma is shown in the video.

[@katjarozantseva8069]

OMG yes, I was so carried away by mistakes in the text that I didn’t even notice 🙈 Glad to see a fellow liverwort enthusiast!

[@ivythay4259]

Liverworts are...strangely cute to me.

[@bram13666]

I've tried to combat these invasive liver worts for years now (I have sarraceneae and droserae), since they reproduce so efficiently. This video made me respect them a little bit more.

[@Anuchan]

Thanks! I love the variety of liverworts, algae, moss, mold, and fungi.

[@jamiehughes5573]

The liverwort is a strange little plant, im 100% sure its a living fossil, it has very primitive characteristics

[@feelincrispy7053]

I love this channel but I’ve always wanted one little addition. A better scale visualisation. The micrometer measurement is good but I still struggle to conceptualise the size quickly in my head. A very basic eg. A to scale pin head symbol that changes size as the micrometer measurement changes.

[@therongjr]

I came to the comments section to share my love of liverworts, and I was pleasantly surprised to find I'm not the only one here for that reason! 💚

[@curiosity6485]

LIVERWORTS ARE ONE OF MY FAVORITE ORGANISMS!! I AM SO HAPPY

[@sukai121]

I love how liverwort looks!

[@MLeoDaalder]

So Gremlins (from the movies) are a type of Liverwort? They multiply when you get them wet. XD

[@mediocreclementine7649]

Hi I just spent the last week and a half in my biology class learning about these guys and other bryophytes. Awesome work as always!!

[@TJ-vh2ps]

The narration was fantastic! Wonderful to hear such a warm and flowing new(ish) voice. The writing, music, and visuals were as usual impeccable! 🥰

[@ithalaine]

I have liverwort growing in a jar on my windowsill that I scooped out of my vegetable garden last year. It wasn’t hurting my plants, I just thought it was pretty stunning with the vibrant green and the uneven edges, it’s doing well and that little green “leaf” I put in the jar has grown to cover the entire bottom of the jar❤ everything I learn about liverwort is fascinating!

[@juncohill]

Ever since the sci show ep on plant reproduction, I've been curious about gametophyte dominant types. Thanks a lot for this!

[@cjvilleneuve1566]

Some liverworth will produce those ''root like structure'' directly from the underside of the leaf,the leaf will spread together full of creases,but no stalk,,just the leaft and the anchoring cells.

[@rebecculousrk]

♥️❤️♥️ I have a warm fuzzy feeling whenever you point out how “cute”, “sweet” and “adorable” the subject of discussion is. Especially when you’re talking about a moss spore, or the eye spots of a flatworm’s little face, or some other thing that no one else has ever described as “cute”.♥️ I get impression that, like myself, you will go out of your way to return a dehydrated worm to soil, and add a splash of your bottled water, just to improve it’s chances. That you’d blow an entire afternoon if you found a starved and frightened puppy living in a vacant lot. ❤I hope you are as kind as you sound.🥰

[@daniell1483]

Just glancing at life, it is easy to trick ourselves into seeing earlier-evolved creatures as more primitive. Seeing these different organisms is almost like a glance back in time, not just a glance into the microcosmos.

[@tesseract_1982]

Yes. I've learned to interpret the word "primitive" in the context of biology simply as "this trait is very old". Not that the organism in question is necessarily less complex. Like when saying "the shark is a primitive fish", it does not refer to less complexity, but to the characteristics of a "living fossil".

[@WobblesandBean]

I'm a zoologist, I haven't studied plant life in ages and even I know this is riddled with errors 😬

[@JKa244]

This is how I feel about basically any video covering fluid dynamics lol

[@katjarozantseva8069]

Correction 1: there are more higher taxa of thalloid liverworts, but most species of liverworts have leafy form. If we take species numbers from Encyclopaedia of Life, total number of liverworts (Marchantiophyta) species is 7456. Leafy liverworts are next taxa within Jungermanniopsida: Jungermanniida (3199 species), Porellales (2944), Ptillidiales (7), and class Haplomitriopsida (21). Liverworts with simple thalloid forms are Metzgeriida (479 species) and Pelliida (198) within class Jungermanniopsida. Class Marchantiopsida are liverworts with complex thalloid forms, 540 species. Correction 2: not all thalloid liverworts have gemmae cups (you described Marchantia polymorpha, but even Marchantia quadrata doesn’t have cups), and it’s very common among leafy liverworts species to have single/bi-cellular gemmae

[@hungryluma27]

WE LOVE SAM!!!!!!! His voice is so perfect for this channel :)))) I was very pleasantly surprised to hear him here!

[@pamelapilling6996]

If we can't have Hank narrating, Sam is a great choice.

[@sciencenerd7639]

I love bryophytes

[@flightlesschicken7769]

Monty Python and the Life of Bryophyte Bryophytes ftw

[@PSwayBeats]

I don't know if you did the last video but the tone of your voice is now spot-on Slow and chill

[@BigNWide]

When the video talks about leafy liverworts, you showed thalloid liverworts. Leafy liverworts are leafy. And gemmae cups are found in only two genera of liverworts: Lunularia and Marchantia. The vast majority of liverworts genera and species do not have gemmae cups. The information in this video perpetuates a myth about liverworts repeated in countless textbooks by people who know little about liverworts.

[@katjarozantseva8069]

I don’t know this species (I have worked only in Baltic region), but it looked like some simple thalloid from Metzgeriales, so they took it because it’s Jungermanniopsida, and sure all Jungermanniopsida are leafy… I made my undergrad and in the process of my master’s on liverworts, and this video on one of my favourite yt channels made me cringe so badly 🫠

[@BigNWide]

@@katjarozantseva8069 There are so many interesting and cool things that can be looked at under the microscope for bryophytes. But the people making the videos don't ask the people who know about bryophytes.

[@mrmosty5167]

Always been fascinated by the more primitive plants like these and club-mosses. Thing is I don't think I've ever actually seen liverworts

[@tesseract_1982]

You gotta look closely, on a rainy day when they are shiny and wet. 😅 Examine tree bark, old wooden posts, old stone walls, old roof tiles, any place where other mosses grow, and lichen. It might be easier to find liverwort patches on such structures, than on the ground, between wads of leafy moss and other tiny plants. They first stood out to me on a winter day, on tree bark. I took pics and was stunned by the unusual appearance of relatively rectangular, slimy looking scales, very different than any "leafy" moss I ever saw. So I looked them up. Turns out to sort them in with land plants, is almost a honorable title. 😂💚

[@wolfgrey8483]

Certain species of Drosera also make gemmae in a similar process, its really interesting.

[@SpydrXIII]

i find a lot of liverwort in the plants i get at the nursery.

[@hattivat]

Liverworts

[@santoast24]

SAM SCHULTZ!!!!! I LOVE SAM SCHULTZ!!!!!!

[@billieconchita]

Gemma cup sounds pretty cute

[@BongRipBing]

Bryophytes are my jam!

[@REEbott86]

Vascular plants also have gametophytes and sporophytes. Their reproductive cycle is just backwards and happens partially within the plant itself.

[@kyleeverly9243]

It's every day man, Sam!

[@BargB]

This is the cutest, coolest, prettiest content on yt

[@petevenuti7355]

Sounds like they could be the second or third best photosynthesizing organism for teraforming. How edible are they , for space farming... Seems like they would be easier then algae as they stick to stuff instead of just floating around, and that they could have all the verity of texture that single cell culture would laqe.

[@boorendorff3655]

I love falling asleep to yalls Playlist! Yall are the best

[@smith...1]

Another great episode. Thankyou. However, I found the accompanying music really distracting and too loud behind the new guy's narration. I have always liked Journey's soundscapes but this one was just ..... Discordant !

[@arancia_9]

They are surely adorable!

[@Sparks.u]

This was such a wonderful episode! Thank you, what a pleasure to learn of such little treats ❤

[@Fruitcupper]

Fun fact; liverworts grown in sealed glass environments grow a lot taller, about 15cm over 4 years

[@symcyto]

lovely video... i even was interested in the audio app ad.... too bad about the surprise survey that keeps sucking and sucking only to end up at a credit card/pay wall - it quickly made me change my mind about being interested.

[@culwin]

Nice to hear Sam the Bat narrating nature videos

[@raeperonneau4941]

Nice to hear your voice, Sam.

[@rougesunset]

So cool! I love finding these guys, they’re always in such gorgeous places

[@kane2875]

where’d Rotifer’s comments go? I miss them :(

[@GIRGHGH]

I wish we had those where I live, they're so adorable.

[@1.4142]

similar to cup fungi

[@RissaFirecat]

This is amazing. It has made me think about liverwort in a different light, lol! Thank you!

[@cupriferouscatalyst3708]

I wish I got into arguments more often, because I'd love to use the terms I learn from this channel as "insults" just to confuse people. I'd be like "you non-vascular thalloid!" and they'd be like "huh?" and I'd be like "idk, anyway do you wanna watch the bug channel with me?".

[@Charity4Chokora]

I have been away from the microcosm, good to hear your voice Hank2

[@user-hy4xj2fc6f]

From 4:58 to 5:18- is that really a Gemma cup, cuz it looks like their pores, with that big of a zoom especially. I might be wrong, it may be just a very small one or one that in at the beginning of its growth, but yeah, pores also are very small and round so I thought of them when I saw the footage

[@VANOXmicroscopy]

Beautiful!! Need to take a look at them myself:)

[@megdavis723]

New favorite video. I love liverworts

[@adambotfield5436]

Utricularia/bladderwort would be interesting under the microcosm

[@JB-yc1lk]

Endel has huge footprint

[@tonyhinderman]

Sam has such a nice voice for this

[@aishaljphillips]

More Sam narrating Microcosmos please.

[@Mate397]

So it's a mogwai, it gets wet and lets out clones.

[@kovanova9409]

I can't be the only one hearing Jimmy from Southpark in this.

[@xuanbachlai5371]

saved for a rainy day, but with a twist

[@SaronJoy]

When he said: Gemmae... Did anyone else think: Timmy from South Park? OKAYYYY, just me then. 😅😅😅 I LOVE THIS SERIES❤

[@tundrataiga5100]

Many pygmy drosera too reproduce with gemmae

[@harleyjudy2850]

amazing video please do more on plants like fern sperm

[@suelane3628]

Wonderful. They just missed out that the Gametophyte generation has 1 set of chromosomes and the Sporophyte 2. This "alternation of Generations doesn't seem to feature greatly on the internet or even in Evolution. (I don't mind being proven wrong.) Anyway, when it comes to Vascular Plants what we think of as the plant is the equivalent to the diploid gametophyte of mosses and liverworts.

[@HeyHeyHarmonicaLuke]

Bird's nest fungus also reproduce by the rain

[@sunoncream1118]

there was a promo on the entry level ali express optic scope i fell again for one at 40 buck (those one where 70 buck befor) i know the product its enough to get decent view and phone pic until u try go above 800x but do you know a brand of valuable not crazy expensive lens and eyepiece to put on that standar seize lens microscope?

[@fenrirgg]

What are the tiny flowers described?

[@pattiwicksteed3731]

Nice to hear you as a narrator, Sam!

[@troycoley-cn5bb]

Great Video :)

[@Stroopwaffe1]

Wow gamophyttes ??? Aren't sea sponges like that

[@twigwick]

❤❤❤

[@KLarsLohn]

The rapid percussion heavy background soundtrack that starts at about 3:00 makes the narration unintelligible for the hard of hearing. Yeah, I switched the closed captioning, but I’d rather listen than read.

[@qcsupport2594]

Came to say this. I'm not hard of hearing, but found the percussion was intensely distracting. Otherwise great episode.

[@markedis5902]

Nice one Sam

[@bigdog9480]

I bought a Bresser science infinity microscope and a Sony Alpha a6400 camera with all the necessary accessories to mount it and connect it to my laptop, using the camera is not complicated for me but i can't find an online guide for the Bresser microscope, if someone knows some forums with active members please comment with the forums names.

[@NewMessage]

'Two clones, one cup'?

[@MarcosWassem]

Cariani, o que você fez? 😢

[@Federgeistchen-cg2nr]

I've eaten so many walnuts this month, I sure must have the most healthy brain now, according to the doctrine of signatures.

[@andruloni]

What does it take to awaken the Jimmy?

[@livvielov]

Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz! Sam Scultz!

[@maytopian]

Hi Sam 😊

[@onafets38]

the audio is in multiple languages? how can i switch from spanish to english?

[@timhofstetter5654]

...and when it doesn't work?

[@kimberleysmith5876]

Hard to hear the speaker over the music this time...

[@samagog]

SAM’S RULE!!!!!!!!!!!

[@Galestorm300]

Here!

[@tigertiger1699]

🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@JGrootebroeder]

The music was so loud, I couldn't concentrate.

[@not.spir0s]

Can we see sperm under the microscope? Really most any human originating cells would be interesting.

[@journeytomicro]

kzbin.info/www/bejne/epTXl6SQe9aqna8

[@not.spir0s]

@@journeytomicro how about white blood cells? 🤔

[@the_green_anna]

💚💚💚

[@technodrone313]

doesnt liverwort have a powerful cannabinoid?

[@danielhagen3739]

YAY A NEW MICROCOSMOS VIDEO AND IM ONE OF THE FIRST FEW TO SEE IT!!!

[@kalechips4564]

Everyman Sam Shultz?? In my microcosmos?? It’s more likely than you think

[@AnnaCatherineB]

Want this music