Making Cold Light (Cryogenically Induced Phosphorescence)

[@PlasmaChannel]

I had no idea Florescence was temperature dependent. Really fascinating!

[@DmitryKiktenko]

Regular "glow in the dark" material can give you some extra light with heat. if heated already didcharged it will glow for some time again, like, it lets some trapped light to get out faster.

[@magset]

he's your science prof.

[@notdonaldst]

I remember when I was 14 my friend and I found some phosphorescent fungus on a stick when hiking at night. It glowed for hours. It was the coolest thing we had ever seen.

[@chronofactor2037]

That sounds awesome, I've been wanting to find a way to grow such mushrooms, but I'd need to get regular mushrooms down first probably.

[@anaphylastiks]

We have lots of them in NZ. Growing mushrooms is probably the hardest thing I've ever done.

[@anaphylastiks]

@@DrDeuteron oysters and etc are easy, but extraction from the habitat and regrow, or spore print, is difficult. Rewarding not so much.

[@Edward_Jin]

@@DrDeuteron Wow, thanks a lot! That's really cool!

[@womeu157]

@@chronofactor2037 what kind of mushrooms do u call “regular”🤔🤨🤨

[@IncroyablesExperiences]

Your are sometimes soo close from research level that maybe you'll discover something new one day! You don't have enhanced devices but you manage to do workings things soo fast, even complex sometimes and you try a large diversity of subjects. Is it your own subjects each time? You're the only one that don't do what others make, you're a real source of knowledge, especially because you know the theory behind things.

[@Periwinkleaccount]

@BUST ON ME NIBBA that’s like like like saying really good teachers aren’t doing anything special because the things they’re teaching are already known. Because it is. Also, what chain of events lead to you thinking using that username was a good idea?

[@mathysgobeil1592]

@Incroyable expérience tu existe encore! Cool, je croyais que cette chaîne était morte

[@nicholasocampo3293]

Yeah that's why whenever I get on KZbin I'm always super stoked to see what he has in store because most likely is going to blow my mind

[@addisonkirtley1691]

You’re*

[@westonding8953]

He explains everything very well!

[@StockDoctortrade]

Action lab never fails to impress me

[@sigma7208]

Wait what?

[@Periwinkleaccount]

@@sigma7208 what do you mean? It’s a normal comment.

[@sridathan1876]

@@Periwinkleaccount yea

[@sigma7208]

@@Periwinkleaccount video was uploaded 1 hour ago but this comment was showing time 3 hours ago.

[@brett4264]

What happens when you heat up a phosphorescent material. Does it glow for less time? It seems there's only one thing: phosphorescence with varying times of glow dependant on the materials temperature. Fluorescence is just one form of phosphorescence.

[@eideticex]

I can tell you from printing a fluorescent plastic that you can heat it too much and ruin the fluorescent effect while still maintaining the bright color in ordinary room light. If I print that stuff at 210C it is incredibly bright flourescent, even a near-uv light sets it off like a light bulb. Take it just 10C higher and no glow, even right on top of the uv source. Definitely some chemistry changing as a result of temperature.

[@ARCSTREAMS]

@@eideticex why are they not making lasers from these plastics or material?

[@Zodiaczero2]

Wow, One of the coolest experiments with liquid nitrogen I ever seen!

[@YounesLayachi]

This might be the best example of what makes your channel so great. You demonstrate some obscure phenomenons that under regular circumstances, are so uncommon or implausible, nobody talks about them or even considers them. Like ignoring friction in beginners classical mechanics, but to an extreme level. So this adds unnecessary obstacles in front of anyone trying to understand such physics concepts. Physics course put too much importance on what's useful, they discard most of what makes it logical, consistent, and true

[@viejaspeliculasfilipinas3621]

My science teacher was shocked of how I learned science so much, even though I don't read science books This guy, is just amazing at everything

[@silvasen1985]

Cold light would be pretty *cool* , imagine feeling hot and just staying under the cold light

[@AndreVanKammen]

They use lasers to cool atoms down to almost absolute zero, you could call that cold light. I don't think that will work on a human scale since it works similar to noise cancelation, imagine trying to cancel all waves in the individual atoms on the skin of your body.

[@silvasen1985]

@@AndreVanKammen oh wow

[@yeet1337]

@@AndreVanKammen Yeah and also you need multiple lasers from different directions which our skin would block. Even if you could manage powering 10^24 lasers..

[@JohnDlugosz]

Bumping into other atoms has nothing to do with the energy levels of the electrons. It works by absorbing UV that bumps it up _two_ levels; then it falls back down one step at a time. What you are seeing in plastic has to do with _excitons_ which are a bound state of an electron and a hole. Molecular vibrations will indeed destabilize this, so it works better when colder.

[@GREGATHOME2]

Note that the emission you are seeing is from molecules, not atoms. This adds the effect of vibrational and rotational excited states which are impacted by temperature.

[@scottmatznick3140]

Next, dark heat

[@yeroca]

I'm curious why the highlighter cap changed color to red when cooled. Is it because there are two compounds that give off photons, one green and one red, and somehow the green one is losing its higher energy state before the red one does?

[@MrGiouvas]

At 7:16 you can see the the same spike of light happening when there's no cold object so I'm thinking the ultraviolet light bulb is giving off some lower frequency light and that's what's visible on the cold objects so maybe that has something to do with it

[@excentrisitet7922]

I didn't have liquid nitrogen to experiment with but from my mom I did have an old powerful soviet flash. One which works from 220 AC and turns you completely blind when used in the dark. And I found out that many things exhibit similar behaviour. The effect lasts much shorter, somewhere around fraction second so in order to see it I closed my eyes as tight as possible stuck the flash to the object of interest, made a blast and immediately after that watched for the result. And the surface of the object where it contacted to the flash was noticeably glowing even though the effect lasted less than a second as I was saying. So it should be something like a triplet phosphorescence. Thanks for the info.

[@seanurquhart3179]

I love this one. One of the cooler things you've shown on your channel. Sometimes your lack of safety gear for some experiments kills me a little inside though lol.

[@stevenmielke1662]

I learned a heck of a lot in 8 minutes. Thank you! :D

[@wlockuz4467]

This is the most mind boggling thing I've seen in a while

[@lohitsaiganta369]

Everyone listen before putting the cap in Nitrogen i.e,The Normal Highlighter You can see that it Glows after the light is turned off. When you put video speed to 0.25X Speed BUT FOR A MILLISECOND IN 0.25 Seconds also

[@TheActionLab]

I think that was more of the camera changing ISO quickly when it went dark. In real life there is no quick flash.

[@KaTyJP]

@@TheActionLab i love ur channel thanks for putting the effort into making ur videos just to entertain and impress us, wish you luck, you never fail to impress me and you are a great KZbinr.

[@lohitsaiganta369]

@@TheActionLab Thanks for commenting I didn't thought You would comment Thank you very much 😀

[@aComedicPianist]

Imagine doing this outside in Antarctica during the nighttime in winter.

[@kylezo]

This really helped me understand that when we see things in visible light, they're literally actually glowing, absorbing light and reflecting it out. Cooling these objects shows basically what is happening in super slow motion.

[@consmi0]

Most things just reflect light (bounce it off), fluorescence & phosphorescence are a different/special process. Although, even things that don't fluoresce or phosphoresce in the visible range typically still emit lower energy infrared radiation as a result of molecular vibration.

[@newtonsbackyard]

After cold fire, we have cold light. You rock 🙌🙌👏👏

[@rockstar2PL]

I remember when I was a kid, we've bought those glowing bracelets (basically thin, bend glowsticks, shaped like a ring) and someone told us that if they stop glowing, all we need to do is just freeze them overnight. I've never tried that because I've lost mine, but now I understand where this idea came from.

[@thekemosabe346]

Awesome video! You’ve sparked an interest in science I never knew I had! Thank you!

[@rayeeshabhat2403]

Is it possible to make fire underwater?Flares work underwater

[@hellbusterdragon]

With sufficient oxygen and fuel source, yes.

[@rayeeshabhat2403]

@@hellbusterdragon Ok.Thank you

[@01DOGG01]

Explain the processes going on within the Sun and how a single photon can take a very long time to make it out to the surface. That is mindblowing.

[@JohnDlugosz]

It's not a single photon taking years to escape. The emitted photon heats up the nearby material. The _energy_ diffuses slowly, using thermal convection, more radiation and absorption, and phonons. Hot things glow. So you see the hot surface.

[@kazimir8086]

Is it really “flashing”? or is the camera adjusting to darker light conditions?

[@zacherysmith2667]

Well if the camera was adjusting wouldn't it do the same regardless of the liquid nitrogen? I believe that is why he showed it before and after.

[@jakestellar4600]

Exactly how MoonLight works ! You should do the MOONLIGHT TEMPERATURE EXPERIMENT!!!! Moonlight is cooler than moon shade ! Exactly opposite of the SUN

[@ballenf]

Such a nice break not having a sponsor segment in the video.

[@Slowly_Going_Mad]

Whoa. That is profound. I heard of exotic lasers that have to be kept cold like that to function, but this demo showcases this to an extent I never dreamed of.

[@iron_blood7]

You explained clearly about how the needles in our watch actually glow.

[@RandiRain]

Interesting. Do we know if the colder it gets, the more it happens? What happens when it's brought down to close to absolute zero?

[@justitroyal7032]

4:24 it had a red flash even at room temp but short

[@merenkov]

You should definitely try this with uranium glass

[@dirrtbikekid7]

This makes me think of super conductors. We have to cool them to allow for the superconducting effects. Idk what if the process to make glow in the dark like on floresent materials could work for making room temp superconductors

[@doctorpurple5173]

Naw the two effects aren't really comparable, superconductivity happens from a substance getting cold enough that electrons can form Cooper pairs, to make higher transition temperatures for superconders you gotta make Cooper pair formation more favorable, but when making a glow in the dark substance you are trying to get electrons to absorb higher energy photons and release lower energy photons after a delay so to make a higher "transition temperature" glow in the dark material you're trying to find chemical compounds where the electron fields can form very metastable excited states. While both effects are very awesome and are affected by temperature they are very very different and we aren't even super sure about all the details about how superconductivity works yet so phosphorescence isn't a helpful model anyway lol

[@sebbes333]

*@The Action Lab* What happens if you cool down something long-time phosphorescent? like: 1:52 (glows forever? almost? Doesn't glow because too cold so we don't see the like 3 photons coming off it?)

[@danielyuan9862]

I'm pretty sure you answered your own question. I don't know if it would still be called phosphorescent, but if you lower the temperature far enough, you would get weaker responses of light.

[@Edward_Jin]

This really blew my mind! Thank you Action Lab! You raised a very interesting research project actually.

[@abrahamwondafrash7549]

woow!...does this mean if you heat up a phosphorescent matterial it will loose its glow quicker!

[@jfmaster1507]

Please James...I can't do this without you..I'm close to something outstanding...

[@addybishop308]

Can you explain acoustic levitation?

[@pwpw6136]

I really enjoy your content

[@dearmistyann3710]

Action Lab guy. The true hero of ADHD science.

[@cathy7382]

The more you know, the more you realize how much you don't

[@bidish2224]

fluorescence and phosphorescence occur in all things but at very different temperatures

[@spellxthief]

this is so neat! i love glowy things and the idea of science behind them

[@christopherleubner6633]

Triplet phosphorescence is the reason why dye lasers cannot opperate truly continously. The dye must flow or the laser must operate pulsed. In practice the dye usally flows in both types, even pulsed lasers. The triplet state delay will not allow the dye to reach the upper lasing level.

[@pwpw6136]

Wow this is an amazing video

[@davemarm]

Just curious but how do you know that it is the temperature that is causing this and not the liquid nitrogen itself? Can you cool the items down without having them come in contact with the liquid nitrogen to prove it?

[@VKURDR]

im interested but confused. as usual sometimes but always cool! thanks for taking your time to do research and give real information, and then setting up a video for it just so we can sit at home, or work, or play, and watch youm

[@kwinmad]

Another great video. I wish that I had been taught like this at school. I probably would have taken more notice!

[@danielleohallisey4218]

Another brilliant video! I’d love to see you demonstrate nonlinear optics where the emitted light is of a higher frequency, as in blue laser pointers where a crystal is bombarded with IR light and emits visible waves. I only barely know that it exists and don’t know how it works; you could probably translate it for your viewers!

[@veenoir1991]

When i was a kid and black lights and UV posters were really popular, i used to take a highlight marker and squeeze the ink in a glass bottle with water. like an old coke bottle, jones soda, or a sobe drink...then turn on the black lights and they looked like little toxic lamps haha

[@blackbear92201]

Awesome video. I think you're onto something significant. thanks for posting! :D

[@Abish_]

Hehe 5:38 tip of the forceps became phosphorescent too

[@МаксимЯромич]

Now I finally know how these clock hands glow in the dark after you shine light on them

[@melissaburger3497]

I didn’t know who else to ask but you, can you use chemicals to discolor electricity (like on a jacob’s ladder) the way you can with plasma and fire?

[@haros2868]

Pretty cool, i have an experimental question, what if you took an already phosphorescent object, like glow in the dark paint, and you freeze it? Or just imagine taking the most phosphorescent object and freeze it with liquid helium.

[@dcamron46]

Because thermal interaction provides path to relaxation of excited states. The cold freezes it in excited state long enough to relax by luminescence

[@1.4142]

You never run out of cool experiments!

[@ryang8116]

This guy just made an orange peel and normal wax glow in the dark... incredible!

[@dijasom]

always surprised by the things you find, nice video mate!

[@alandalsing522]

Fascinating! Some basic research grants to be had... Also makes me consider bioluminescence, especially since many deep sea creatures exploit this chemistry at high pressure & low temps. Thank you for continuously experimenting!

[@adammihalik730]

Please, may you do it with rock or dust or sand? If it would work, it may means, that we can detect a dark items in space (meteorites, or so) by emitting a black light and watch for flickering of near objects :-D . Afaik, Space has a temp about 2 K, liquid nitrogen is much more hotter

[@yura2424]

Wow! He always finds some new and interesting stuff

[@Grim_and_Proper]

I have a bit of a critique for your title as this is cryogenically activated phosphorescence. The emission is induced by absorption of the UV light, not the temperature change which activates the photoelectronic pathways instead. Unlike triplet phosphorescence and fluorescence, the mechanism for persistence phosphorescence is poorly described even though it is well known within the spectroscopy community. The lack of a mechanistic description is mostly due to the complexity of the pathways. It is known that electrons and holes are trapped apart and slowly migrate back with the fast non-radiative decay pathways available at room temperature being inhibited by the low temperatures. It is interesting that the emissions appear to be mostly one colour suggesting that the recombination leading to emission is involving a limited number of phosphors (possibly only one). Enhanced triplet phosphorescence is very well understood and is due to exactly what you said, an inactivation of non-radiative decay pathways. It also makes some low energy states available for decay into which are usually inhibited by the systems thermal energy. It is also diagnostic of phosphorescence vs TADF (thermally activated delayed fluorescence). The relatively fast decay of the triplet phosphorescent bulb is likely due to the efficiency of the triplet emission pathway acting as a sink so that limited persistent phosphorescence could occur.

[@MrTlong2010]

You have one of the best KZbin channels!

[@1495978707]

To all the laypeople here, fluorescence and phosphorescence are exactly the same process. The difference is that phosphorescent decays are, as physicists say, “forbidden”. This means that the transition is much less likely than a regular transition, because the system is very close to an ideal model system where the transition actually would be impossible. This is late second semester quantum mechanics stuff, so I’m omitting details for digestibility. This video however is very intriguing, there’s very little out there about this effect, and frankly I wonder how the hell he found out about it

[@__RudY]

So I am like Triplet Phosphorescence in bed

[@JohnAltenburg]

This helped me understand "heat" and electron topology. Thanks!

[@khaliffoster3777]

That means for conductor objects and insulator objects when you put in freeze temperature with black light, so either it will show non-fluorescence, to fluorescence, to phosphorescence, so it is a range of holding the heat within which it can resist well to object so base on cold radiation of an object which insulator last longer so it resists heat well, so hot radiation resistor relative to cold radiation of an object, so when put in cold liquid, it last longer the cold light so it holds the heat of colder temperature, like a conductor that holds heat, so insulator holds heat, plastic hold the heat longer then it disappears. Well, it is a good to test for which is a conductor or insulator for resisting the cold and resisting the heat.

[@marcfruchtman9473]

Really great! Thank you this great topic.

[@JustaReadingguy]

I have noticed that powerful strobes can drive lots of materials in to phosphorescent, like your cooling except it happens at room temperature.

[@derkevevin]

What happens when you cool down things that already glow in the dark? Do they glow even longer? 🤔

[@philouzlouis2042]

@just some guy tired of life I think that more heat means more agitation of atoms and molecules (electrons have little effect - because they vibrate and spin way faster - except if dramatic heat difference like several thousand of degree C°). The decay of fluo-phospho-rescence depends on the quenching due to other atoms shocks against the excited atom...in organic chemistry it is often dioxygen (or water containing O2) that reduces the fluorescence. It seems logical that if you reduce the amount of vibrations/moves of atoms and molecules...you strongly reduce the amount of inter-atomic-molecular shocks and thus you slow down the quenching/reduction of fluo-phospho-rescence...as a result decay last longer and is less intense. It is interesting to observe the emitting radius around the fluo yellow pen (like 15 cm) reduced when frozen (to about 2 cm)... so freezing reduces brightness a lot and extends brightime much more) One may conclude that at absolute zero °K... brighttime will tend to infinity and brightness to zero. Would be interesting to see the effect with a superfast camera... then you would see fluorescence the same way as when frozen. Also the stange orange glow of the yellow plastic pen and the longer glow for the yellow rope may/must be due to multicomponent system...with different fluorescers/phosphorescers with different decay time... I guess the experiment would be very interesting with a mix of different fluorescing/triplet state phoshorescing stuffs (like overlapping draw lines of fluomarkers or dried solution of various mixed fluo dyes) in super slowmo unfrozen and frozen... there should be various color changes as a function of decay times and brightness of each dye...some will extinguish faster and other slower with varous color additive effects. I also wonder how ruby would react being fluo flash pink fluorescent. PHZ (PHILOU Zrealone from Science Madness forum)

[@RobBoyBlunder]

I feel like this might explain the idea people got to put glowsticks in the freezer to make them last longer? It also explains why in winter versus summer my glow in the dark stars stay lit for what seemed longer! I will say though, I wonder if freezing glow sticks was the idea that it slows the chemical reaction decay time too possibly. not sure!

[@riks7256]

this is cool! now i want to see a slow motion camera recording the room temperature marker

[@luke144]

I thought I had seen it all... How was I not aware of this? Dang, this is really cool!!

[@adamplace1414]

This channel always has cool tidbits I've never seen before.

[@anoimo9013]

Very nice. I did not know that so many common house objects were fluorescent

[@bungwohlio]

0:37 sounds like a discription of me being drunk.

[@yichedplayz]

Your the best science channel on KZbin!!!!!!!

[@chrisfuller1268]

We cryogenically cool light sensors all the time, so the effect is understood, but materials are used which don't interfere with the measurements. Cool video, though I thought you were going to talk about super-cooling atoms using laser light.

[@jonnybice1423]

How cold does something have to be for this reaction to occur? Is it possible to recreate this experiment on a larger scale in a human tolerable environment for example in the Arctic? Also would ice or using a solution of saltwater and bringing said solution down to a freezing temperature allow the effect to take place?

[@arindamchandrapathak8318]

Why the hell is this so cool than it can be explained?

[@swanseajak3]

Probably the most interesting video iv watched all week

[@boweadam1]

Could this attribute be useful in the cold of space? I expect we will find all sorts of things with the new JW telescope

[@Adi-qh4id]

You should try this with a few cubes of different material/density and paint a few spots on them with venta black and check. Maybe it lasts longer since it absorbs more energy. :)

[@MarkoPiroski]

What if you cool down Musou Black coloured object? Would it emit any light at all?

[@PrisonPlanett]

So when heated.. it let's of a different spectrum light, like microwaves and so we can't see it with our eyes?

[@empmachine]

Amazing effect! I had no idea, but at the same time it makes sense that slowing it all down (i.e. cooling) would also slow the effect of fluorescence.. Broccoli !!! Try broccoli under UV.. it kinda fluoresces red/pink ish..

[@RIDGELAKE101]

You had me at there not flies there "walks" lol.

[@Fuzion9000]

action lab in 2073: Today, i will teach you how to make a thermonuclear bomb by using a microwave, a burger from mcdonalds, and 3 computer mice

[@newt7743]

This is truly amazing

[@thatnonchalantguy]

It makes me consider the possibility blackholes release invisible electromagnetic energy from what should be an ultra energy dense, bright source. by a partially similar manner to in which fluorescence was described here, but considering irrelativistic distortions of space-time hidden behind an event horizon, which serves as a barrier and lens regarding the limits of space-time and what can be expressed or filtered, relative to space-time as we observe it, having a hugely exponential effect It would be interesting to learn Hawking radiation was something much more simple than the explaination of quantum field... like if it could be the result of particles that are not moving faster than light, relative to it's origin reaching a boundary in its gravitational gradient where it does, it gets filtered by said gravitational gradient only leaving the degraded, time skewed fractions to escape.

[@hakrj12]

... and evanescence is when a Ben and Amy wake up inside and hold onto the limelight for a short period of time.

[@Huzaku]

So if you took a glow in the dark toy and froze it in liquid nitrogen would it hold its glow for longer?

[@philouzlouis2042]

Yes but much less brightly...

[@Anthracyte]

This is very interesting, and your point on 'cold light' got me thinking about fireflies and their bioluminescence. Have you done such an experiment on here before? Is there a way to synthesise a firefly light using such enzymes or chemicals?

[@robertpenny7180]

Loving the vids, do you have any on Mandelbrot set?

[@sushilkumarlohani6709]

WOW, I mean this can potentially end all AC and Fan business!

[@MrSun15920]

I have a question: we know that when drinking water from a straw, we first suck the air out and then water comes up. We also know that water boils in a vacuum, so while drinking from a straw, why dosen't it boil and also if we put as many straws possible in a glass and drink from all of them at the same time, would the water in the straws boil?

[@philouzlouis2042]

If the system was closed it would... but air (1 atm) above the water and the water are in an open system...so when you swallow via the straw (that is much below 10m long) it doesn't boil and simply go into your mouth. If the system is closed, the recipient and straw undeformable it would boil...but before that you would have effect of vacuum on the innerside of your mouth (that would become violet and bleeding). A long straw over 10 m would need a depression over 1 atm to lift water into the straw...hence water would boil...this is one of the reason why aspirating pumps can't aspirate over 10m... pressure pumps can push water to nearly any height. Btw 10m water is the approximate height corresponding to 1 atmosphere of gas onto our heads... because water weights 1kg/liter or 1gr/ccm its is 1 kg/square cm or 10 tonnes/square m. PHZ (PHILOU Zrealone from Science Madness forum)

[@maemilev]

*will it have an opposite effect if you boil it?*