What Does An Electron Look Like When You Rotate It?

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Idea for 3D print of electron spin is from this video. He makes some beautiful wooden ones: • Demonstration of Spin 1/2
I talk about electron spin and spin 1/2 particles and what they look like when you rotate it. I show you the Dirac Belt Trick.
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[@TheActionLab]

Thanks to @lloydwatts60 for the design idea for the gears! Checkout his video with a wooden version and more insight into spin 1/2 (link in description)

[@VideoMakesMeHappy]

He did a video of this a year ago.

[@patrybc8843]

I was thinking, "wait a minute, deja vu??"

[@pratikdedhia]

I was thinking why haven't you mentioned about that video in your video. You put it here..

[@Dismythed]

You forgot to credit PBS Spacetime for the electron spin video.

[@VideoUpload_007]

Hey copied someone on youtube but your videos reach more people. And Science has no copyright on it . DUH!!

[@ShortHax]

Electron spin be like: Imagine a ball and it’s rotating except it’s not a ball and it’s not rotating

[@TheUnderscore_]

Seems legit enough

[@Hecarim420]

But actually u can make "abstract image" that u will collerate with this. It's good to watch all of kinds videos on one topic and even better when u mix it with math. Because in the end it's all math :v (with some philosophy)

[@riccardob9026]

Quantum mechanics in a nutshell

[@Flesh_Wizard]

I imagine them as spheres of influence teleporting around an atom so fast you don't know where it is

[@frenzygaming1]

I understand it...

[@CaravaggioRoma]

The thing of the belt actually caught me completely off guard!

[@JoeySonal]

Check out some more Topology demonstrations! They're mind bending, truly.

[@trigonzobob]

I tried it myself and it caught me with my pants down.

[@iloveplasticbottles]

It was quite the twist!

[@darthdr3]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko yeah because its an illustration.

[@DL-kc8fc]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko The microworld has no analogous function in the macro world. Schrodinger and his cat have already pointed this out, which in fact demonstrated that the microworld cannot be projected into the macroworld. Only in sci-fi is Schrodinger's cat misunderstood when quantum properties are applied in the macroworld and endless stupidity arises.

[@huawafabe]

The Stern-Gerlach-Experiment is my favourite physics experiment 😅 It was conducted by 2 germans in 1922 (Stern and Gerlach). They were actually about to give up the experiment, but then the Reichsbahn (german railway) cancelled their drive home from Frankfurt, so they gave it another shot at night. It was later found out that the experiment only worked because they smoked heavily inside the laboratory, which would be insane nowadays 😂 The smoke caused the screen to make the 2 dots visible.

[@kwaherikwasasa]

And what makes it even more confusing, is that since Gerlach was German, he was also stern. ;-)

[@huawafabe]

@@kwaherikwasasa Stern is the German word for star 😂

[@jareknowak8712]

My favorite experiment is the Wheelers delayed-choice-quantum-eraser experiment.

[@sudhakarg8921]

nice to know..

[@elNathNY]

This is my favorite action lab video. I have been thinking about electron spin for sometime now and have been showing my kids a slightly different version of 720° rotation using a plate that I hold in my hand. I rotate the plate palm up two full turns without dropping it and without twisting my arm off. The kids find it fascinating that one can do that kind of rotation.

[@kanib.7928]

Lol. I just acted out the rotation. That was cute. Thanks for sharing! 😊

[@jareknowak8712]

Yep, videos about quantum are the best!

[@self-proclaimedanimator]

Man electrons are like the USB port You put it straight don't fit flip it don't fit flip it again don't fit flip it again fits

[@frenzygaming1]

Yea

[@Owen_loves_Butters]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko Just a simulation

[@edfinite7534]

I actually agree with this observation.

[@SaxonRanger94]

Bravo sir

[@MichaelClark-uw7ex]

...therefore either USB ports are made of electrons? Or USB ports have 1/2 spin? Maybe its not the ports, its the plugs!

[@imbatman62]

They are entertaining and educational at the same time...

[@mariadefatimajesusdorea3141]

Fdf

[@shadow_entity9191]

Kudos to the people who walked around electrons to tell us about this.

[@chandraguptsingh7305]

😂

[@TBPlayz902]

Ya he did cut it was so easy to see the cut

[@SoapMcCallister]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko Bruh thanks capt obvious

[@rxqzl9263]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko thats not the point ofc he cut the video bc how else would this happend. This is just example to show how electrons work so it doesnt matter but yes u are correct

[@knyt0]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko no shit

[@metamind3863]

Just plain awesome. As a fairly advanced scientist of 30+ years, I still always learn something refreshingly new and confounding from your videos. I love every one of them and your enthusiasm to match. I have no doubt you'll be making these for a long time to come. Thank you!... for serving us all.

[@DerpMuse]

@@KZbinr-dq3ko stop spamming you incel.

[@tsmith906]

You make physics much more simple with easy world visuals. Thank you.

[@lamao8190]

The Belt trick is amazing like all of your explanations ❤

[@reviewguru5457]

Always making amazing content.

[@user-hnjga8is1zr6u]

Basically he's NileRed but it's more physics. His voice is also extremely similar to NileRed and Brandon Farris.

[@madisonbrown8851]

his voice is less annoying than Nile's

[@kaminelson1277]

Niles voice is lower though

[@linkin543210]

Almost like he is a human….spooky 😐

[@life0adventurer]

Amazing expression!

[@self-proclaimedanimator]

Ah yes expression

[@frenzygaming1]

Experiment xD

[@deviles]

That was a very well hidden jumpcut at 1:00! The talking over hides it so well

[@XD2021]

Ikr

[@caepohbasics3925]

3:45 It helps to say if you twist the belt 720 degrees clockwise you have to go under the book clockwise as well.

[@GetMoGaming]

The way you describe this is as if it's a real physical feature of the universe. Viewers should know - it's not. It's another workaround devised by theoretical magicians to get the data to make sense. That's quantum mechanics in a nutshell. It's a very accurate tool.

[@slusheewolf2143]

Of course, I'm intelligent to understand that lol What I can't understand and why I'm probably really bad at physics in general, is HOW AN OBJECT ISN'T ROTATING, but it looks like it is. The only way for that to happen is if something is rotating or moving around the electron, giving the illusion of movement.

[@GetMoGaming]

@@slusheewolf2143 You can't think of it in that way. For it to make sense, you must forget the classical form of a spinning object and accept it as a quantum property. -from Wikipedia: "While the question of whether elementary particles actually rotate is ambiguous (as they appear point-like), this picture is correct insofar as spin obeys the same mathematical laws as quantized angular momenta do"

[@o04n7h0n90o]

I love this channel... one of my best subscriptions by far!

[@Nefville]

You would think if you have to spin an electron twice to get back to the initial state that just maybe 360 degrees for you and 360 degrees for the electron are not the same. Perhaps there are more or less dimensions that an electron interacts with and that is the cause of the strangeness. As in it would take an electron longer to rotate through 4 dimensions, versus your 3.

[@Dil.7]

Great thought 👍

[@zbarba]

I don't think dimensions work like that

[@alexk.4195]

To get the point you can play the "Antichamber" - a short (relatively) indie puzzle game . It has a lot of wierd perspective, spacial, non-flat topology stuff and etc. like impossible rooms and geometry.

[@drakonyanazkar]

These videos are always enlightening, but this one actually blew my mind at every turn! Very solid demonstrations and great editing. This is the kind of content I subscribed for.

[@slusheewolf2143]

1:09 was a jumpcut, but it was so seamless, I hardly noticed I wish video games loaded cutscenes and new maps like that

[@citratune7830]

sorry, but rendering doesnt work like that

[@abdobelbida7170]

@@citratune7830 can you explain to me why?

[@gameuck17]

After seeing the belt trick, this may explain how easy a slinky can be tangled and now we have a way to undo what seams impossible with a double overlap. To the stairs.

[@dragonuv620]

As usual the video is great! But the sponsor for this video has had a lot of controversies and scandals attatched to it. I hope you have looked at their background before telling your audience about them. Otherwise a great video!

[@hannahbloom]

I thought those controversies were cleared up while ago?

[@dragonuv620]

@@hannahbloom I don't know much about that 😅 cleared as in?

[@storm37000]

@@hannahbloom idk about controveries, but who would pay 90$ a week for what most health insurance will cover elsewhere.

[@spiderdude2099]

If there was any other classical example that described electron angular momentum better than the word “spin”, we would probably use that and call it something other than “spin”. But calling it “spin” is still close enough to what’s going on that we use it. But just keep in mind, it’s VERY different than just the idea that the electron is spinning.

[@user-hnjga8is1zr6u]

Exactly what I thought!

[@BlackDogHair1]

Did a 360 in my room. Interior changed.

[@SteveInScotland]

Oh, you redecorated…..I don’t like it……lol (if you know, you know!)

[@singularity844]

You have to do 3 360 turns saying Bloody Mary with the lights out lol

[@BlackDogHair1]

@@SteveInScotland 😂

[@BlackDogHair1]

@@singularity844 might have too🤨

[@gettothepoint2707]

So... Nobody's gonna appreciate his video editing skills?

[@andymouse]

No, I found the splice !

[@Blackmark52]

A pretty good description of something that is more or less impossible to describe.

[@jay-thetruth-stone12]

My brain exploded with madness when I saw the belt illustrations. And that's not even me exaggerating. Right on!!!

[@nusakara]

That cube animation, wow -))

[@Entity_BlackRed777]

Belt twist untwist is so cool!! And I understood it!! (May try it myself tonight!!)

[@7teven8onn]

Nice…. Truly creative ways of demonstrating the difficult to demonstrate

[@zeroroguer]

Very good illustrations. Thanks!

[@dheeraj3945]

I swear, I never watched a better video explaining the behaviour of electrons

[@MmmBopsPops]

0:52 & 1:30 - WITCH! 3:06 - There's no better use for an O-Chem book than to weigh down something. Good use!

[@gluino]

Can you really walk around an electron if electrons don't ever sit still? 8:22 Can you show a drawing or animation about rotating apparatus and observing the wave function change?

[@channeldoesnotexist]

The wave function of a particle is not an observable. The resulting interference of two particles on a detector as a result of out of phase wave functions is.

[@stevesmith7839]

Wouldn't this indicate that there is an absolute orientation of space itself? Like the book with the belt closed in it. You move. The belt moves. The book stays the same. Therefore, only two states for particles, because they are embedded in something which maintains its orientation and has absolute position and absolute direction and therefore gives absolute vector velocity (not everything is relative).

[@calebk1841]

Thanks! next time I happen go around an electron I'll keep this in mind

[@a.i.chemist2261]

Think of it as a ball on a whirlpool. Once around and through, it would flip. Stuck under the water now the whirlpool point is "up". Once around and through corrects the orientation. Better yet, imagine doing a lap on a mobious strip. 1 lap places you in the same spot, or position, but flipped upsidedown. It takes 2 laps to get to the starting position and orientation. An Electron is just an eddy current at relativistic speed and size. Very compact in 3D space. Time adds the wobble as it moves across the ether in compression. This also explains spooky action and Quantum hopping. Imagine looking at the edge of a river, a slow deep part. Tiny whirlpools pop in and out of existence relative to us. It disappears but the energy is just spread out, but is still there and manifests in another location once it finds equilibrium. Sorry, I think I finally understand Quantum spin. It's easy to visualize and I'll bet everything fits. Feel free to say why not, but atoms are whirlpools, eddy currents in space. Think about the flow of space as pushing through a Mandelbrot fractal. The loops on the edge create eddy currents as space energy compacts in these spaces. Nothing lost, no friction, but less space to contain the energy. Except that curl isn't the size of the actual hole, you need to start zooming in by orders of magnitude and think about how much faster you move relative to what was the starting point. The energy of an atom bomb, vibrating at the speed of light, in stability....relative stability. We exist on the surface of the water. The very center of space. We are the center. Look down the whirlpool at the point, it is an atom spinning very fast. Now look up. Everything is spinning so slow, but same patterns. Now look across...everything is still. Existence can be observed and interacted with. We exist because of too much matter in too little space, and everything seeking equilibrium. Whirlpools of compressed matter. We exist in a "Lagrange" point of space as a whole. Observing particle spin is like sticking your finger in the whirlpool to see how it feels. It slows things slightly. Enough to collapse them. Seems legit. Thanks.

[@yeroca]

Analogies for understanding electrons have three things in common: they are helpful to a degree, they conflict with each other, and are fundamentally wrong. So far the only accurate description is from QFT, which is just math, and sadly doesn't easily whisper any intuitive understanding.

[@kanib.7928]

All analogies are accurate just to a point. I, one out of many, still find them useful as an introduction to the subject.🙂 I hope you will reconsider your view that hard learning = the best learning. Sometimes learning complicated topics can be understood in smaller, digestable parts. Otherwise, who'd learn at all? You may not have meant it, but why does your post sound like "sour grapes?" Perhaps one day QFT will become intiutive when we change our frame of reference? 😉😊 Lastly, I hope you enjoy QFT. 😊

[@LegendEditz100]

the reason is perfect time stopping and smartness and timed talking. thats the trick breh

[@stevenborgogna]

Those are some clean jump cuts. Bravo!

[@-_Nuke_-]

8:49 wow this is relativity all over again I love it!

[@l0g1cseer47]

Cool vid! Sponsor ads should be at the start or end of the content to prevent interference or distraction in learning interesting advanced physics ideas. Thanks for your attention.

[@kanib.7928]

I love that you mentioned the The Stern-Gerlach experiment, and your insightful question and answers at the end! They were perfect follow up questions! Please continue to add questions and answers that reveal a deeper understanding to all your videos!❤❤❤👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽

[@CACBCCCU]

Enjoyed the geared electron models, thanks. Individual full-rotation handle cycles compare closest to interactions with single photon wave cycles. What electrons do while they're occupying orbitals is not detectable. One could say orbitals (stable electron states) are compact quantum event horizons and when an electron is induced to jump between a hierarchy of event horizons with different allowed energies it has to do a relatively large and exposed re-adjustment cycle whereby a photon is emitted or absorbed. To emit and reabsorb an identical photon, while potentially avoiding detection of any jumps between states, a quick sequence of two exposed electron pirouettes is called for, two exposed electron cycles to return to the same state. A photon is basically created in the image of an exposed electron dancing probably only once around an atom, an image with a definite direction. My 2 cents there, anyway. Vacuum-energy and electron mass inertia collectively assure photon leading and trailing edge overshoot/damping, I suppose. I sincerely believe interested people could do a whole lot worse getting their information elsewhere.

[@helifynoe9930]

Now I am confused. The two spatial rotations required to return the electron to its original state, is to be expected in the first place, is it not ? The axis of the spin of an electron is not merely a spatial axis. The axis also extends across a certain measure of the dimension of time. So with this being a 4 dimension spin, one clearly expects exactly what you observe from a mere 3D perspective.

[@stevestarcke]

Excellent video as always. I learn a lot from this channel. Thanks and kudos to you.

[@danrazART]

Best visual assumption of electron spin on the Internet.

[@sharvilsawargaonkar5791]

Going under the book is also making the ends of the belt to twist

[@iloveplasticbottles]

That belt trick was quite the twist!

[@Pimps-R-us]

That same Technic is used in Tank Turrets. That's how the turret can rotate a full 360 degrees and and the wiring doesn't get wrapped up

[@tim40gabby25]

Interesting real world application. Thanks. Old UK duffer here :)

[@Pimps-R-us]

@@tim40gabby25 Hello my brother from across the Pond

[@tim40gabby25]

@@Pimps-R-us Hi :)

[@theultimatereductionist7592]

I got so perplexed by your belt trick that I had to then call one of those Better Help therapists to bring me back to sanity.

[@michaelcombrink8165]

Teacher's everywhere should take a dozen courses from you on how to make learning fun and amazing

[@khaliffoster3777]

So, it is static 360, dynamic 360, so combo it is 720, so require two 360 since one is in 360 so need double 360 to get back to 360, so the ratio of 1/2, which is 2 is 720 and 1 is 360, so need 2/2 to equal 1. The itself that is static is 360 is a circle represent straight in motion, and itself is dynamic is itself is in motion that is a 2 wave up and 2 wave down, so both waves are out of phase horizontally. 2 wave is 180 degrees horizontally than itself the point. As a whole, it is a spiral. The easy to understand is based on the first part that is a ball that you go around 360 and the ball change from + to -, so + is the wave function so 180 degrees up and 180 degrees down, up wave function and down wave function, that is logical base on electrons motion to cause current to happen from inward to outward, into negative resistance to positive resistance, to lower pressure to higher pressure, so it is connected to pure energy at the lowest level to pure energy that is in resistance at the highest level, so low density to high density. Everything is about motion since without motion you have nothing, with motion you have something even the existence of static which is the ball that has + and -, so it must be up and down that is the wave function. So, that is what disappears to appear, the virtual proton or virtual electrons, the cloud which you don't know what location where they are appears but ya know the section of location relative to the center that is the dot to the edge. The resistance is trapped volt which is not moving horizontally but inward to outward. So, there are three motions of a whole that is horizontally forward, horizontally up (vertical), and depth (the mass itself goes down vertical that is inward and outward). So, essentially losing weight of mass to gain weight of the mass. Depth is vertical of mass itself. There are two POV verticals since up and down, left and right, can be the same but different POV. Same with horizontal, well, to be accurate all things are one the dot, so horizontal, vertical, and depth is the direction of the position, the coordination. Mass is relative coordination to other relative coordination and in between the maSs is the space. To make it clear: horizontally, the ball goes straight but also it goes up and down the horizontally up and down, so that is vertical, and also the static mass goes inward and outward to disappear to appear, to weigh less to weight, so same as in other videos when you spin the mass get light but there is also a barrier of within the dot to push out the mass outward, you spin the wheel and the wheel goes leftward so there is a pressure to leftward or in this case the static mass that is outward, so there is left-, right-, in-, and outward, so it is a different motion. So, same principle, the spin of electrons cause outward pressure, well, to be accurate, radial outward pressure that is mass itself and the mass is in motion that is straight and up and down based on pressure like the pressure to the wheel, which the wheel is the mass and the pressure is the human or device that cause the mass itself to spin, so mass causing feedback to another mass. So, there is radical inward to radical outward that is pressure impact and pressure non-impact, so section of a pressure. Well, you press the skin and release the pressure on the skin, the skin goes down and outward, so inward and outward that is pressure up and down, same as electrons that is inward and outward to weightless to weight, so the energy is the pressure for depth and the mass pressure is for left and right, on the mass plane, the secondary plane relative to a primary plane that is Aether. Aether is the pressure to the electrons to make it disappear to appear in the section. Ok, the secondary plane pressure is coordination that we see that is north, south, east, and west, but the primary plane pressure is inward and outward. So, what we see is the edge of mass that is a pressure of outward so the tanget to the dot, so between the dot to tanget is the pressure field so the wave function which change negative to positive, so that is outward and inward, same on a meter for - and +, the line in between - and +, so + we see, and - we don't, so electrons is what don't see so it disappears then appears. So, limited visual understanding that is electrons in wave function and horizontal motion to cause as a whole is spiral, right, so also, it is mass spiral, but also aether spiral that is inward and outward in motion like you spin the wheel so you go around and the wheel go around with you, but the wheel is going around also, so there are three around. Horizontal, vertical, and depth. So, triple 360 is 1080 in total, so one extra 360 for inward and outward. Well, might be adding too much, but it is the understanding of how reality work.

[@beatsinabar]

That belt trick - it's the guitar strap puzzle that players struggle with at every gig!

[@macdietz]

Very cool visual example

[@ГеоргиГеоргиев-с3г]

I see the problem. 4x 180° rotations don't add up to 720°, but 360° (a paradox, only at first glance), because you are rotating around a sphere(whit some added complexity in the belt version), instead of around a circle, using 2 (90° offset, at different speeds) axis of rotation, but masked into one rotation, so you can't see them in the 3d model (a case where less is more, just look at one ribbon (seen this clip on PBS _ ))

[@jeanilyntamayo8251]

Wow that is so amazing

[@jwonz2054]

Dude just blew my mind! 4:45

[@biologicallyawptimized]

Something about this also reminds me of when you hold someone's hand and spin them while dancing. You somehow never let go of their hand but eventually it untwists without breaking

[@dontask8011]

3:00 He showed us the most op legendary dads weapon

[@alwayscurious413]

Incredible tutorial - my head is spinning never mind the electron.

[@Youssef_Salmane]

This is the best video so far explaining electron spin

[@Tom-sp3gy]

You are simply fantastic ! Thanks a lot for all the extremely creative videos you make.

[@kikosplendito]

those animations blew my mind

[@RomanoPRODUCTION]

The Action Lab new TV show: James is SAVED by the Belt

[@e-alfo]

the level of the topics is getting deeper and more interesting every time

[@prabhsidhu2186]

Sir thanks for making this channel.

[@Scrungge]

This was one of you more complicated videos (for me as a layman) but with some background on magnetism (and the link with unpaired electrons in orbitals) the video is definitely comprehensible.

[@ransom.52]

...on a waveform, from ground to mountain to ground is + spin, and ground to valley to ground is - spin... tho, valley to mountain +, mountain to valley - ,works as well...

[@s.m.margubashraffahad369]

Amaizing explaination bro.

[@abiralkc7398]

Your videos are soooo awesome.......and really useful ..thank you sooo much for your videos we all love u alot..😊😊😊🥰🤩

[@Moshinoki]

I find it really cool that you're doing mental health sponsors in a science channel, keep up the great work!

[@yurdp]

Like a particle Möbius loop.

[@donaldmilne5352]

Which is yet another more classical representation of the idea, yes :) If you imagine a mobius strip made out of transparent platic and start with an upward arrow facing you, then imagine the arrow moving 360 degrees around the loop, it will then be in the same position (facing you), but pointing down, with a further 360 degrees of movement needed to bring it back to facing you and pointing up.

[@WishPL]

book and belt trick blew my mind.

[@freezinfire]

This used to bugged me in High School. Thanks for the explaination.

[@jasontowns5119]

That was impressive as always. Thank u

[@TacoDude314]

4:30 animations are by Jason Hise.

[@acscp125]

This is also called the Dirac belt trick. This Is a really nice demonstration!!

[@eliys5982]

The t-shirt you wear being on point with the subject, love the details you put in your videos !

[@funnygrunt_o7]

BRUH THOSE BELT ANIMATIONS MY BRAIN

[@KraussEMUS1]

Wow! This is amazing physics!

[@jaybingham3711]

4:55 "Have you ever felt there was something interfering with your happiness?" Um...well...yeah. And I think you know what that is.

[@philjamieson5572]

I think that was a splendid explanation. Thanks for putting this on here.

[@fireturtleman8946]

Evertbody freakin out when he done magic 0:58 Him:*does something* *ball turns to negative*

[@S0HAMS0NAR]

This guy is so informative

[@matejonotfound7239]

Me: *gets an F* My scientific dad: 2:54

[@satyajitnayak7951]

Tysm

[@jlpsinde]

Genius as always

[@taiconan8857]

PSA: Be VERY wary of BetterHealth's Terms of "Service" They explicitly state they are *not* beholden to ensure you are matched with any form of professional, and essentially leave the responsibility of vetting your 'therapist' yourself. Pewdiepie did a reasonably good job exposing this almost 3 years ago. At a glance, when I revisited it, it would seem very little has changed since. You will find it nearly impossible to get a refund, and they charge you four weeks up front despite advertising the weekly rate. Some *may* get results, but you should be aware of what you're walking into. End of PSA But if you ask me, this puts my scam meter in the orange. It ain't a Bavarian-prince-email-Red, but it's close. Feels awfully predatory to "target mental illness" for profit like this without vetting your resources.

[@andewmayen2565]

Try explaining anti bonding molecular orbital with these results

[@justmemyselfandi5532]

thx m8... great information!!!

[@michaelcornish2299]

Nice model for spin half particles

[@xavier4313]

This guy Drives me crazy

[@DavidFMayerPhD]

You have also explained how multiple flagella or cilia of bacteria do not get tangled as bacteria rotate.

[@edwardhughes352]

I didnt understand it but it was interesting.

[@Lucas-nu4du]

Thanks! We are studying HNMR (but from Morrison and Wade book, instead of Carey wich appeared in the video 😆) and we had to study spin and how it acts inside a magnetic field.

[@BooDevil65]

My brain is melting ... but you make it look so simple 😳

[@morgan-5171]

What if... Rods first seen @51 area. I'm guessing they have a partical accelerator, so what if these rods where the nucleis and these orbs we see are atoms buzzing around looking for there other half and when they meet bang lightning or earthquake....