01 - What is 3-Phase Power? Three Phase Electricity Tutorial

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Here we learn about the concept of 3-Phase Power in AC Circuit Analysis. We discuss the concept of separate phases in a three phase circuit, and how the phases are arranged to make the circuit balanced.
We discuss why 3-phase power is useful, and how the transmission line connects the three phase source to the load in a practical circuit. We also use phasor diagrams to label each phase of the current and voltage.

[@MrArdytube]

I really appreciate how you start with a road map of the structure of the material you will cover

[@jeffreylucas3421]

I took Robotics in College, I struggled so much with electricity and electronics. I was able to follow you in your short lesson more than what hours of beating my brains could accomplish.

[@jesusfamilyoutdoors1554]

For robotics and such, what are some things you would suggest learning? From the basic on up?

[@dustinjohnson6466]

I'm heading into school soon for 3rd year electrical... I have been using all your lessons for over 3 years now. You have taught me so much. I wish I could chat with you one day. Thank you for all your lessons over these past few years! You have been instrumental in developing my understanding of electricity and I believe I am a better electrician as a result. Really can't say thank you enough. With deep admiration and respect, sir, Thank you!!!

[@amywang4442]

Thank you for the lecture... The last time I encounter vectors was 40 years ago. I am surprised that I still remember things.

[@edmor1086]

I still don't understand 3 phase power

[@Joeelectronicschematicsforauto]

You are the best teacher by far

[@roycorrea3240]

This is the best teacher I’ve seen

[@MathAndScience]

Thank you!

[@semberlyna.crossley9210]

Wow! Bravo! Some people were just meant to teach!

[@EricPham-gr8pg]

We could eliminate tranmission if self power special medical equipment or critical system like pacer or time keeper prevention of influence outside. So piezoelectric may open new road then convert it into internal 3 phses for memory data

[@ahmadhussainwebshare1001]

God bless you 🙏 excellent work

[@frankroper3274]

I worked in a textile mill years ago and most everything in the mill was 3 phase. You don't need a start or run capacitor on a 3 phase motor. You have a problem you just ohm it out and look for a short or a bad bearing or bushing. I can tell you a little old school secret I learned. If a motor is hot when you check it then it is good. A motor with an open winding will cool off since it isn't trying to run.

[@Rbmar81]

Thanks for the tip!!! Greatly appreciated.

[@renemkunde8498]

. .)

[@vxnova1]

I thought a capacitor was to put the current out of phase which gives the motor additional torque to start,

[@dincerekin]

@@vxnova1 yes but in 3 phase there is no need for the cap cos atleast 2 of the phases always have torque even if 1 phase has 0 torque therefore start up cap is unnecessary

[@SumaiyaAkter-um2lz]

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[@Lizardtriplettail]

You are a very good teacher. You can explain in a very simple manner trying to let the listeners understand even if they don't have enough background in electricity/ electrical circuits. Do more videos on basic electricity. Thanks.

[@knowledgeispower3715]

Very good training session

[@robertochavez8196]

When a instructor teaches a hard or confusing subject and makes it look simple, he is the best at it.

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[@joelezekielbruce4476]

Earth ground. and any panel ground. Difference in ground's electricity 🔌.

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[@stevewarren3051]

Too many words used to relay a small amount of information. Makes for a boring presentation.

[@melusiprofessor8300]

Chief you're one of the best lecturers ever, thank you keep it up

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your lesson are fruitful

[@akbarrahmatullah2205]

Very good teaching style..logical steady progression always keeping a tap on the cognitive loading on the learner.

[@jacob476]

This guy is 🔥. It must be nice being able to lecture without shit stains interrupting you all of the time

[@MathAndScience]

I LOL'd - yes I have to admit, I wouldn't do well in a class full of interruptions - it is definitely a perk of the way I do it! Thanks so much, Jason

[@sagaterratalset43]

I wish you were my instructor when I was in school. Your discussions are clear and well defined. I've learned more from you than I did in school. I've better understood learning on my own but better examples in these videos.

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ITT

[@erickademe]

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[@jennifercharlton-dennis6763]

Shut up Jennifer@Jennifer Rissetti

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Kick her ass jennifer!!!!

[@EricPham-gr8pg]

Buffering circuit can change phase b or c to be anything

[@azizullahkhan7888]

Thx

[@dixondavies]

I should add these are symetrical comonents.

[@UsernameWasLost]

Damn, where were you when I was in college?

[@ahmadhussainwebshare1001]

I'm Electronic Engineer working as software programmer, in these days my interest caught by solar and started solar training and your video help me lot to understand clearly 3 phase 😀

[@palmeipantipupalmeipantipu9664]

Sir please explain for single phase

[@tristanbach7906]

My wife has a question: How do I build a motor that vibrates more? ;)

[@akbarrajani121]

Use bigger cylindrical capacitor!

[@lovetolearn5253]

@@tjinobatenburg5676 I was going to say the same thing but maybe not so blunt. Lol

[@tjinobatenburg5676]

@@lovetolearn5253 we think the same brah

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[@tristanbach7906]

@@britreed8038 Chill.

[@alieninstallation50]

thanks for the vid

[@srfurley]

Three phase is also better than single phase for fording rectifiers when a d.c. supply is needed.

[@johngirolamo8221]

Thank you! After all these years, I am finally enjoying mathematics! Keep up the great lectures!

[@kaydenfarrington7920]

Thanks you for posting this video, incredible lecture. 🙏🏼

[@KevinCoop1]

This video brings back memories of my electrical class in 1978! I hated my electrical class, made no sense. This is great information if you want to teach this math. Simply put, an alternator has equally spaced coils connected into three outputs each is 120 degrees apart. No big deal! I started as an electrical drafter in 1983, fell in love with my job and stayed with it until 2018. I designed residential, commercial, and industrial projects almost all with three phase systems. I became a PE in 2007. The point is, this point should be a 2 minute discussion and done. In the whole time of designing systems, I never used the math shown here. It's useless in the real world. But if you want to teach, it's good to use up time.

[@KevinCoop1]

@Dan Mattingly Well said!

[@bttan144]

@@KevinCoop1 Agreed! You can't build a house without foundations!

[@KevinCoop1]

Maybe I somehow had the foundation and didn’t realize it. I still feel that they try to make the math that is easy into something complicated.

[@sjuniper7683]

Thank you! Your explanation was clear and concise.

[@alientrade]

What a waste of 22 minutes. He goes over and over each section again and again. This is theory, not how 3 phase really works in reality. Yet another person that doesn't explain how it works to a layman.

[@briankiwi3480]

Hello, thank you for the informative video. It answered some of the questions I have as I learn about electricity. However, I think there might be a problem with some of the math... if you have a cos b(x-c) + d, you get a magnitude of a, a dilation of b, a horizontal shift of c, and a vertical shift of d. Now the one I think might be incorrect in the video is the horizontal shift of c. If you have +120 degrees, then that should shift left (or negative), not positive. The reason is that c is subtracted, so if you make it +, then you are subtracting a negative. Likewise, if you are going to do -120 degrees, that should be a shift to the right because you are subtracting the positive value of 120 degrees. So if you have cos (x - 120) that means the cosine graph shifts right 120 degrees. If I am misunderstanding something, please let me know because I want to understand this, but I think that might be wrong, so I'm asking for your input. Thanks!

[@jeffyates8052]

Excellent! Keep up the great work!

[@jeanlawson9133]

I know you can get Three phase electricity from 240....ac....and a electric motor feeding the third leg..... I wired a three phase sock Mill this way.... still running has been for years...

[@369ZIR]

I appreciate your efforts. Such a good teacher. God I love the internet for this purpose.

[@knowledgeispower3715]

Very informatice

[@knowledgeispower3715]

Nice I appreciate.......

[@yelyab1]

Is voltage a vector or scalar quantity? He refers to it as a vector and he assigns a direction. I tried to do a graphical summation of the 3 vectors drawn and the bell rang and I got to go to diffy-Q class ( just kidding, I’m a 73 year old retired MECHANICAL engineer). I think I’ve seen 3 phase 120 volts each phase, as 208 volts peak. Anybody know? I had to take 2 electronics classes as an undergrad. Got B’s, don’t know how, couldn’t even figure out how to cheat. My son is an EE, specializing in embedded software. Anytime I ask him an electronics question I get the same response,” forget it pops, you’re in over your head”. Smart assed brat. I paid $50,000 for that kind of answer. I want my money back!

[@samarsingh121]

Thanks, sir. very well explained. I am a marine engineer and i am not so good at electrical. But know I may improve. thanks a lot again.

[@daskritterhaus5491]

if thomas edison the patent thief had his way when th grid was being built n america would be seriously FUCKED. he wanted DC electricity. no super efficient high voltage lines no transformers with a spectum of output voltages as needed et friggin CETERA up the wazoo. l still haven't wrapped my head around 3 phase transformers. lm going to have to dissect one. a very decent licensed electrician Jim Meyer Waterloo ON I believe introed me to 3 phase.

[@SgtJoeSmith]

big air compressors and industrial tools

[@slobodanmitrovic2787]

confusing L1-L2-L3, Greek Fi stands for cross section not Phase, vectoring ok better but not visual nor explains F(Hz)

[@joshbreaksk8IN]

I came across a oven yesterday that had had line 2 and 3 switched. It should just cause the motor to run wrong it wouldn't cause the three fuses to blow would it. I wired it correctly replacing the fuses today. Replaced the transformer yesterday thinking that was the short in the system blowing the fuses noticed the wiring after that, elements all checked out fine. The only thing really remaining is the wiring but I'm not sure line two and three being backwards would cause the fuses to blow. It could have been the transformer just commenting for some insight before turning it on today

[@jensschroder8214]

Tesla invented the three-phase, 6-wire motor and the two-phase, 4-wire motor. But the high number of lines prevented success. Without knowing about Tesla, the Russian Michael Dobrowolski in Germany perfected the three-phase motor with three lines as we use it today. The first application was an 8000 volt high-voltage line from Lauffen to Frankfurt. Two transformers, a generator and a three-phase asynchronous machine were used for this purpose. Dobrowolski had improved the three-phase motor so that it worked, in contrast to the Tesla patent, which remained in theory. So Tesla patented the 4-wire motor (two phase) and 6-wire motor (three phase) and Dobrowolski got three-phase motors running in Germany with just 3 wires

[@ackrazam]

I have a question: What makes phases to dephase? How does it come naturally to be dephased by 120 degree? thanks!

[@jensschroder8214]

One-phase motors must generate an auxiliary phase. This can happen due to a capacitor or magnetic imbalance. But without technical tricks, a one-phase motor will not run. Therefore Tesla patented the two-phase motor with 4 lines. The phases were shifted by 90° This idea was only taken up again with stepper motors. But Tesla didn't have this technology in mind

[@jasperjones6962]

How do you know which line the 3 phase goes into on the equipment mine surface grinder says line 1 2 3 which line takes the three phase wire?

[@TriPham-sn9jj]

I thought the 3 phases benefit lovv povver system computer and telecommunications and high power i f we split then into 3 branching o r combines into high voltage single phase

[@EricPham-gr8pg]

Eyes visual polarization and sound through ears can help monitors buffering circuit depending on abnormalities

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[@mouradbelkas598]

Thank you for your video. But why are US and European 3 phase so different. In Europe the third wire voltage is different that the other 2.

[@Curacars]

Why did they never make a 4 or 6 phase appliances, wouldn't that make the vibrations even less?

[@ImJestFaiq]

even though its explained probably the best way possible my brain is too small to understand

[@manyt9739]

I am impressed, it was very easy to understand, thanks for the course. What if I want to learn this and get cert or diploma, is it possible?

[@emilleedmundabril7834]

@Anna Davis 1q

[@richardho8283]

If you go to the history of how come 3 phase was chosen over 2-phase and four phase, it will be easier to understand …

[@christurnblom4825]

I told myself I'd learn more about AC power but my head hurts because I just spent two hours learning about machining, 4 hours learning about the current state of world politics, and how the silent civil war here in the U.S. is going and that's enough for my day off. I don't know anything about these phasors you're speaking of, it just makes me think of Star Trek but I do understand the concept of 360 degrees in a wave vs a circle because I've studied sound engineering a bit. I think I'm going to go play some Far Cry 4. If anyone wants to give me some pointers on where to start in learning AC power, I would much appreciate it. I understand just the real basics of what AC is, vs DC and 120/240, 3 wire single phase, midpoint neutral but if I need to start at the very beginning then I will.

[@thomasldeanjr3337]

Until you wrote, 'silent civil war', I never understood how to label what's going on - I think that nails it right on the head.

[@thomasldeanjr3337]

This is a really good short video just to recap kzbin.info/www/bejne/eXPMhoKHZ7yLaKs

[@josephstratti52]

Ha ha me too.

[@johnrackiewicz286]

What aboot the coont leg ,aka the bastard leg, aka the high leg, that i have run into a couple of times looking for a basic 120 volt branch circuit. ???

[@EricPham-gr8pg]

How flat condutor compare to round conductor would have less leakage or harder to hacking

[@AviewFromUnder]

When did we start calling Lines phase? I thought phase was the relationship between lines? Correct me if I'm wrong but single phase power is not called single phase because its made from a center tapped transformer with a single line primary is it? If 240V 180 degree 2 line power was made from a 2 pole generator should it not then be called 2 phase? Its the relationship between the 2 lines that is the single phase no? if you took 2 lines of a 120 degree 3 phase service would you have 2 Phase 208? Or do you have a single phase of 208? Am I getting hung up on semantics? In my humble opinion it's the simple fact that just because there is 3 lines in a 3 phase service it was to easy to draw the incorrect conclusions that there the same thing but there not! Draw as many lines as you can between 2 dots on a circle 12 and 6 o'clock, I think one, a single, is all thats needed! Now put 3 dots in a circle,, 12, 4 and 8 o'clock, now draw lines between. It will take 3 lines to connect the 3 dots, take a dot away,, yep your back to a single phase! A single line has phase only when referenced to something that reference circuit is the phase cycle around and back not the line. Simply put, we can't call lines in a 3 phase service phase 1,2,3 or a,b,c unless we are willing to call single phase 2 phase and i don't mean that old great lakes 90 degree plumber invented 2 phase BS.

[@GH-oi2jf]

You need paragraphs. In North America, the distribution network is typically 3-phase in a “Y” configuration. For residential service, one phase line plus the neutral powers the primary of a transformer. That is single phase. The secondary has a center tap, so three lines go to the customer. The two ends of the secondary give 240V single phase service. The center tal is neutral, and is used to make two 120V circuits of opposite polarity. You may think of the two 120V circuits as two phases, if you like, but some people will try to make an argument about that. When you take two phase lines from a 3-phase system to power something, you have single phase, even though it is not exactly the same as any of the three phases with respect to neutral.

[@TriPham-sn9jj]

Split the power supply into 3 phases then feed to lighting processor reduce cost o f cpu design

[@mikelynch-zeroviewz2507]

It's very similar to a 3 stroke rotary engine .. no coincidence I think

[@MathAndScience]

You’re right! Very similar concept.

[@albertjrevilla]

much better if you will explain how 3 phase source is generated in order for them to visualize on why is it 120 deg apart between phases,...

[@GH-oi2jf]

There are three windings in the generator that are separated by 120°.

[@josephsheridan7885]

Should i get a 220 step up to run washer and dryer and freezer add to my shop?

[@moeinkasraei2114]

خر را یک بار ووش می دهند. یعنی دوربینت را جمع کن

[@vince6829]

Thank you for sharing your knowledge. Great presentation!!

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Thanks for all these great videos!👍👍👍👍👍👍

[@nitmo8557]

Why not talk about it instead of saying that you are going to talk about it?

[@mel63613]

You spent almost a half hour to give a simple 5-10 dissertation on three phase theory. But you have not yet given a Direction of Rotation.

[@mel63613]

"5-10 minute....."

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[@clairebridgeman7351]

is this 5th grade math i will soon go into 5th grade after my summer.

[@leslieking3974]

Hated that you took me back to these boring lectures in college

[@karlschmied6218]

Vibrations are a huge deal also because they mean loss of energy.

[@EricPham-gr8pg]

Data and memory , time space and matter all can be alter by 3 phases very important

[@gaildimick1831]

Thanks for your teaching, your making good use of time, spot on.

[@fortuner123]

You didn't state what three phase is useful as you stated in your text.

[@ronbonick4265]

quantitatively expressing one's self - based on a multi variant complex Va = Com ~ signactivity + 120 deg variant = object anallisis = or - . Correct?

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[@LNCMD2023]

Are three phase electricity signals? Why did he call them signals in the beginning?

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The lightbulb has lit thanks to these tutorials

[@pravoslavn]

Informative lecture. But why do you say "Gunna" so much ? What part of speech is "Gunna" ... ?

[@MathAndScience]

"Gonna" means "going to". "I'm gonna get a sandwich" means "I'm going to get a sandwich". Everyone has their verbal hangups - that one is never going away, sorry!

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He does it so you realize that someone who understands as much math/physics as he does is still human.

[@farhatullahkhan7690]

Nice communication skills . Clear speaking skills nice awesome extra ordinary . Tnx alot

[@joebledsoe257]

Read something somewhere once where 6 phase AC was discussed. Same principles but!! It would be more effective for motors and transformers, but again why?? For 3 phase - 120 degrees apart and square root of 3 for actual power purposes, is all that's needed to understand 3 phase. One can reconnect a 12 lead 3 phase source to emit single phase. There are also single phase powered 3 phase converters. Not very efficient though for either. Lots of loss in the form of heat. The US Navy during the early submarines, used a 60HZ 120 / 120 3 phase floating wye AC distribution system, to power the boat. No matter what you touched it was 120 VAC to neutral or 120 VAC phase to phase. It was then converted to DC to charge the batteries and run the drive motor for the propeller.

[@roboh27]

Explain 3 phase delta and three phase wye.

[@robertmotion]

This would explain 3-phase motors in most ebikes today. I’m teaching myself how to repair my ebike. Frustrating but enjoyable process. Funny story😏controller died on my ebike when I got caught in rain. 2nd controller in six months. Fed up😡with mediocre customer service in getting parts (please…never said I’d do it myself. Cut the motor cord to keep me motivated, bought parts, watched tons of KZbin videos and finally. After about a week of going from knowing nothing to learning the basics, I upgraded my controller (checking MOSFETS, resistance, etc are correct), added new LCD display, and learned all about Hall sensors, 3-motors, amps hour, voltage, power, phases, etc in the process. AND that hub motor spinning the other day 💪🏾 Videos like your help a lot. Thanks. /Bklyn👑

[@rosesweet7963]

That's why Gaia assembled her Avatars as 3 Pole Triple spiral DNA, that lights up each pole to run,positive,positive positive to create a Tesseract hyperdrive Merkaba that supports teleportation with all the original DNA blueprint chromosomal data functions.

[@techniq82123]

Jeez Its way easier to explain Smh

[@milord1814]

I work for the utility industry. We used galvo to check phases make sure the cables are connected right and no cross phases. Am kinda a highly school train doing work where minimal training is needed. When tracing current is comin from the station we used +a+b-c.. just to differentiate on the field low level to the transformers. When cable fail they usually send high voltage of 30 frequencies . Just want to add my 1 penny

[@bagusdwi6215]

thankyou very much sir u really kind

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I NEED HELP SOME ONE WHO CAN EXPLAIN TO ME WHATS GOING ON HERE

[@jamesmaclinlin7134]

your white board is looks like a wardrobe door?

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[@PhongNguyen-ys3pc]

The same three phase power 220vac. My main circuit breaker is 30A and the wires are good for 30A. But the equipment I have has a circuit breaker 50A. This equipment has three heat element connected to each switches. Before I turned on first switch the volt meter reads 220vac. After turned on 1st switch meter read 218-219vac. 2nd switch on 217vac, 3rd switch on meter reads 216vac. What should I do in this case. If anyone has any suggestions. Thanks for your advice.

[@MariaCastro-rv4ct]

Thank you for showing math and science now because you’ve been showing this I got a 100 on my test