Arduino Tutorial 5: Understanding and Working With Binary Numbers

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/ paulmcwhorter
The magic that happens inside computers and virtually all digital devices is based on Binary Numbers. In the binary number system, you have only two numbers . . . 0 and 1. Larger numbers are represented by having more bits, but each bit is either a zero or a one. The reason for this is that computer chips are made up of huge numbers very simple on off switches. If we consider a switch in the on state as a "1" and the off state as a "0", then any number can be represented by a series of on and off switches. This is the core of how a computer works.
You can get the kit I am using for this series at the following link:
amzn.to/2I7N4Ek
You can check out more details about this lesson on our WEB site HERE:
toptechboy.com...
[Disclosure of Material Connection: I am a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. This means if you visit the link and purchase the item, I will receive an affiliate commission. Regardless, I only recommend products or services I use personally and believe will add value to my readers.]
#Arduino

[@xZWEVERDx]

I usually don't leave a comment on KZbin, but a wise man (my father) once told me that when somebody genuinely teaches/learnes you something, you thank and appreciate that person. The way you make me understand this matter is unbelievable and after having an Arduino in the closet for about half a year I am finally seeing that there is fun in programming! Thank you sir for these great lessons! Greetings from the Netherlands 🇳🇱.

[@paulmcwhorter]

I appreciate that!

[@apburner]

I have always felt very fortunate. When I was 10 years old and in 5th grade, (1967) I had a VERY forward looking teacher. Her name as we called her was Mrs. Wall. Our class finished up math early and she took it upon herself to teach us all number bases. The rules of the bases. not just Binary but Octal and hexadecimal, and base 26. By the time we left her class we could all add subtract multiply and divide in any base. Long after that I became an electronic Technician and then an Industrial Electrician. I used Binary and Hex daily in my life and I owe it all to a woman named Msr. Wall.

[@Steve-GM0HUU]

🙂 I hope you didn't fail your 5th grade math exam by writing 1+1=10 ... Seriously, sounds like your teacher was indeed very forward thinking. She perhaps realised that the future was in computers. If only we had known how important binary was going to be - children would have been taught to do all their math in binary, octal or hexidecimal instead of decimal?

[@bob-ny6kn]

Our 5th grade shop teacher taught us base 5 (mod5). I oon recognized the irony in a man who lost three fingers (so far) to his lack of attention to safety at his profession, teaching the counting system of his future.

[@李晶-q2k]

@@Steve-GM0HUUhi

[@jacobdavis5691]

The level of understanding that he can create from teaching this in only 20 minutes is insane

[@STE41k]

And at 2x speed I can learn it in 10 minutes.

[@Thejbelow]

AGREED!

[@cbdzcbdz]

This guy is the best. I am eleven years old and Paul is making so much sense to me.

[@paulmcwhorter]

If you are 11 and doing these lessons, you are the one who is amazing. If you keep going with these lessons, work hard in school, especially math and science, you could grow up to be a great engineer. You might even invent something that would change the world. Stay on the path you are on. Work hard, always tell the truth, stay away from drugs and alcohol, and one day you could become a very great engineer.

[@李晶-q2k]

@@paulmcwhorterI agree

[@alexanderbogatyrev3599]

Hello Paul. My name is Alex and I am russian. Ones to see your lessons, I can't stop watching it. And you are teaching me not only "arduino", but English too. :) Thank you for your time.

[@Sturgeostic2444]

That's great! Always good to learn more than one language at once!

[@randomstudent4011]

@soulaimane7440 Greetings from the Netherlands!

[@wilmerproductivity9652]

@@Sturgeostic2444 Lmao

[@garethedwards3379]

I’ll be watching your videos for as long as it takes to get to the point whereby I’m comfortable making my own codes and sketches. Your methods of teaching are absolutely perfect for me. Slow, methodical, repeat…. Repeat…..repeat….. repeat….. learn by doing. Thanks ever so much for taking the time to make the videos so well. You’re an absolute gentleman. I will be sending over a contribution on patreon.

[@thegringobaker]

Homework done! I added an extra though... to indicate that the counting is done, I flash all four LEDs in sequence, forward and back, three times. Otherwise, I never really knew if it was counting a zero or doing nothing. Once again, I'm compelled to join the many people who are big fams of Paul and his teaching methods. I'm having fun!

[@orland7777]

I have had MULTIPLE Electrical Engineering teachers try to help me learn how to count in binary, it was always fuzzy to me. This has been the best description of counting in binary I've ever heard. THANK YOU, I can now count in binary!!!

[@sanaali3875]

Or check 124816 method

[@426F6F]

I wish I was taught electronics at a young age. This is all incredibly fascinating to me and feels like a whole new world of opportunities are opening up! Thanks so much, Paul! 😃

[@shatterism3329]

Can I ask your age as of now?

[@HaseebAdnan0]

Done Complete A Levels and yet your teaching makes me understand binary way more. Never thought I had be saying this for the easiest chapter in A level computer science

[@langer727]

One week ago, I new nothing about Arduino. Today, after doing the homework, I jumped of joy seeing my binary counter twinkling like a Christmas tree. And the best thing is that I understood how it worked!!!! Thanks Paul!!!!!

[@arthurvictor6704]

I'm mesmerized by how good you are at teaching, professor McWhorter! Thank you sincerely by your time and dedication to our understanding of the arduino board and electronics. Greetings from Brazil! 🇧🇷🇧🇷

[@JordonMusser]

Great teaching style. Obvious passion for the subject and natural ability to simplify complex things.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Thanks! Really appreciate the help.

[@jjl6519]

Finally...I'm understanding how binary works, I never thought I could " get it " until your tutorials, thanks for a great video series.

[@tlange5091]

Yes, I feel the same. This video series really demystefies electronics. And thanks to tinkercad I can play along right now.

[@Mike-gy3ko]

I remember a college class professor, I didn't have a clue what he was talking about, I could not figure it out. In another class, I had a teacher explain to me what we were trying to accomplish in that class in a style like Pauls, and 3 months came together in 1/2 an hour.

[@kioapsytrance5594]

Thank you sir. You are the one who really got me to understand it as it should be :) int A=13; int B=8; int C=4; int D=2; int On_one=300; int ret=500; int End=1000; void setup() { pinMode(A, OUTPUT); pinMode(B, OUTPUT); pinMode(C, OUTPUT); pinMode(D, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(A, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(B, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(C, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(D, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(C, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); digitalWrite(A, HIGH); digitalWrite(B, HIGH); digitalWrite(C, HIGH); digitalWrite(D, HIGH); delay(On_one); digitalWrite(A, LOW); digitalWrite(B, LOW); digitalWrite(C, LOW); digitalWrite(D, LOW); delay(ret); delay(End); }

[@RenierVanMaastricht]

I have read a few books on Arduino and programming and within the first two chapters , things tend to become complicated extremely quickly to a point where one can lose interest due to it seeming daunting . But watching your videos from the beginning and working along to your lessons with my Arduino Uno, the daunting become exciting. thank you for the great videos , still plenty more to watch with my tall glass of Cola. Regards Renier Van Maastricht all the way from NZ

[@mosparkmore6340]

i was able to make the project you asked here with such a ease i am a beginner and started watching the tutorial. felt so happy when i saw the result, thanks Paul.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Great job!

[@hzb8887]

I've been watching vedios on youtube trying to understand the binary system but I felt it was so complicated, until I watched this video, I understood it from the first time with no effort. Thank you so much sir, and I really appreciate your hard work teaching us.

[@paulmcwhorter]

I am glad I could help. I understand that some things are hard to understand until explained properly.

[@omkarkulkarni1812]

Dear Paul, You are literally a true definition of a teacher... This is the best tutorial that I came across.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Wow, thanks!

[@nihar9191]

You are like the first person whose binary lessons make sense, just so you know, sir

[@mouscool11]

I had zero knowledge in coding, but from lesson 1 I wrote my fiest code, and I have managed to do lesson 5 assignment on my own with all the interger with delay. Just amazing. Thank you Mr. McWhorter, you are exceptional in the way you teach.

[@nikkip3385]

I have never really understood how binary relates to decimal numbers. Until now. That 1 to 15 explanation was top class. And I now know I'm 110100 in binary years simply by adding 2 more "switches" to that formula. And growing up using inches, that 1,2,4,8,16,32,64 conversion sequence makes perfect sense to my old fashioned brain. Also, I'm starting with hot coffee but it's well and truly cold by the time I think of drinking any!😂 These lessons are so good. Thank you again. 😊

[@TheShadowKarl]

Thanks for taking the time to post these lessons. I love how simply you break down the complexity of what is going on in the micro processor. For us novices trying to learn these lessons are the perfect springboard. I'm looking forward to all of the lessons in this series. By the way I will be using your lessons with my oldest boy (almost 9) over the summer. He really loves making all sorts of things and working with the Arduino will open up so many opportunities for his ideas.

[@charmingali34]

Lovely efforts. I am also learning to teach my son in future.

[@roncarrier4205]

Hi Paul. On a recent trip to visit some of my grandchildren, my 9 year old grandson asked me to play on his dad’s breadboard, and we promptly burned up several of his LEDs! Anyway, we learned a few things. Now I am back home waiting for my own Arduino kit to be delivered and learning tons from your vids. Thanks!

[@onstr]

I've spent the last 10 years learning various programming languages off and on. Never really had much success becoming fluent. Some of the teachers would mention binary and then go through a very dry description. You've somehow kept it interesting to me. Your pace is steady, you feed the information as it's needed in digestible chunks. You don't cram too much at once. I feel lucky to have found these videos. Thank you for taking the time to share your knowledge.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Thanks for the kind words!

[@DanielRhoades4122]

I have watched dozens of Arduino videos on youTube, but havent had any luck understanding any of it. You are, by FAR, the best teacher on here. Not only am I learning easily (so far, lol), but you got me excited about doing it over and over until its like second nature. I love your teaching style and I'm looking forward to all the lessons after this one. Thanks for sharing your knowledge with us.

[@ianw9349]

I have been programming in various languages for the best part of 20 years and this is the best explanation of binary I have ever seen. This explains the Why, not just the How.

[@kaungko2020]

I studied binary about 20 years ago on college and forgot how they work. After watching your video for Arduino and all comeback. All I can say is you are a lot better than my college lecture :D

[@Addicted-A1]

You are truly a life saver to me.. I'm an Undergrad Computer Science student and my university is going by its basic C and DSA course. Seeing my seniors doing many Robotic and Higher level projects I was truly perplexed on how to and where to start, thankfully one of my seniors suggested me to start arduino from your channel. That's the greatest advice i've ever got. Thanks a lot sir for your wonderful teaching. The way you make us understand through various expressions is just blowing away me.

[@mrsteve7521]

Now obsessed with your Playlist. You are Great. From Africa Zimbabwe 🇿🇼.

[@goncalogato9290]

Just started viewing your lessons now and I´m already catching up! When I bought my arduino starter kit I really didn´t know where should I start. But thanks to you I´m way more comfortable with it. Really appreciate your effort!

[@paulmcwhorter]

Giddyup!

[@thomasgardner838]

All done - enjoyed that! Think I may have made a mistake with the code - but understood the principal! Also added a thing at the end where they all turn on and off in a row to signify the end of counting: int redLed = 8; int greenLed = 9; int blueLed = 10; int yellowLed = 11; int delayBetweenNum = 500; void setup() { // put your setup code here, to run once: pinMode(redLed,OUTPUT); pinMode(greenLed,OUTPUT); pinMode(blueLed, OUTPUT); pinMode(yellowLed, OUTPUT); } void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly: digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,LOW); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,LOW); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,LOW); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(delayBetweenNum); digitalWrite(8,HIGH); delay(75); digitalWrite(8,LOW); delay(75); digitalWrite(9,HIGH); delay(75); digitalWrite(9,LOW); delay(75); digitalWrite(10,HIGH); delay(75); digitalWrite(10,LOW); delay(75); digitalWrite(11,HIGH); delay(75); digitalWrite(11,LOW); delay(1000); }

[@commonwealth6]

Thank you sir. You are a great teacher. I am 73 year old. I will finish all your videos. Many many thanks.

[@waynesquires6226]

I am a retired electrical engineer who only did hardware designs. It is really fun to learn about the other half of the world . .. . software/firmware programming. Your instructions are FABULOUS. Thanks for your hard work!

[@pete271049]

Paul is just the best teacher. I am 71 and want to get into Arduino. His explanations are first class and I think I am really learning here...Thank you Paul

[@paulmcwhorter]

You can do it!

[@VivekGupta-bt7tn]

you are just amazing sir. i am about to complete my Mechatronics Engineering and my concepts are becoming far better now from your teachings. forever Grateful.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Excellent!

[@kevinknight9994]

Funny you stress the point of understanding how things work. I can remember some 40 years ago having this need to know not only how but why. I watch coworkers in the office just going about their day in management positions repeating the same old tasks and you can tell they are miserable. I'm so lucky I get to do what I love doing. I had to stop at this lesson to wait for my Uno to be delivered but had no problem understanding and retaining what you have taught. I particularly like the repetition of asking the viewer what comes next. It reminds me of the my favorite teachers. You have quite a talent for it and can't help but think you must have taught or instructed before.

[@biottis4170]

thank you i hope you know you are helping alot of people that are struggling to learn arduino (like me) and i thank you for taking the time to make these and help people like me

[@speedbag67]

BRILLIANT lesson, and even better homework!! I tried to teach myself binary way before KZbin existed, and I was so lost in the weeds that I gave up.. You just taught it to me in 25 minutes! In the homework... I started out with an 8 second delay so that I could check that it was correct, and anticipate what the next sequence would be... After about 10 minutes of looking at my Arduino... I have it down to a 2 second delay... I just keep asking myself "How do I add one to that sequence?" It seems so simple now!!! What an incredible teacher you are!!!!!!! Thank You!!

[@speedbag67]

I just got my Arduino yesterday.. with no coding knowledge nor any kinda grip on binary.... If someone had told me that ONE day later I could write a program that would count in binary using LED's... I would not have believed them... But here I am!!! I'm not sure my code is necessarily the most efficient... but it works)

[@paulmcwhorter]

LEGEND!

[@speedbag67]

@@paulmcwhorter YOU, Sir.. are the Legend.. Where I could not wrap my brain around binary before... Now I feel I can... You open minds.... A greater compliment I cannot imagine...

[@brettd.cotten9987]

You are an exceptional teacher. The way you teach is understandable and to the point. Thank you for making this available. I look forward to the rest of the class. Again thank you for being an exceptional teacher!

[@NTLMBigBench]

I am conviced this dude is a wizard. Because he just taught me binary in under 25 minutes and made me create a binary counter

[@keenoluwafemi7612]

Thank you so much sir for these wonderful lessons. I've been searching for these tutorials all over the Internet, non I've seen is as understanding, "not viewers assuming" as these

[@mikewilliams3103]

I love the way you teach so much material in such a clear way. You have such an ambitious lesson plan, teaching circuits, coding, and math. I salute you, sir!

[@paulmcwhorter]

Glad you enjoy it!

[@mattmurphy9086]

Paul, I want to say thank you for all of the hard work you have put into this lesson plan. I just found you on youtube and you have set me on a path of understanding of how all of these things work together. my 9 year old has also taken interest in your program and has completed 4 of your videos and including writing his own programs and wiring up his own bread board in one sitting (rare moment) and he is excited about picking back up the next day. I will sharing you with others so they can also inspired by your teaching.

[@tylerbaker555]

college student here, majoring in engineering. Wow, you are a great teacher. Love your videos

[@paulmcwhorter]

Make sure to watch my playlist on how to be a successful engineer.

[@bryantfamilyrules]

My son and I are taking this class together. This lesson was a fun one. We even added a "buzzer" at the delays to isolate the different counts. There have been a lot of high 5's.

[@testthehack7920]

Can you pls post the answer of the assignment?

[@charymattela8098]

i have been searching for the best way to understand the binary number concept, i got it here. You are at another level sir.

[@charymattela8098]

Sir, can you please upload a video for three leds. I have been trying it and not able to do it.

[@anmol4484]

I got jump scared when my man screamed STOP out loud, and i was like really into his words.

[@B_U_G]

I finally understand Binary. It's simply fascinating. It's like entering a different world. All the things you could do with binary is amazing. I did the homework and I was blown away.

[@brandonhiggins5336]

Paul McWhorter just slipped me the red pill and I'm ok with it. I AM LOVING THIS SERIES and am excited for the journey ahead. Thank you, Paul!

[@stephenyambor1422]

This is one of those videos you watch and suddenly the world makes sense. You just needed the map key. This is the map key to understanding computers.

[@richardstewart4135]

That assignment was fun. It reminds me of the old cmos BCD counters we used in the 80's. Looks pretty cool with 4 different colored LEDs too. Thanks again for taking the time for these tutorials!

[@Randy2747]

I was astonished with the first Video and was hoping your teaching would continue to be easy to understand for a older guy like myself. You my friend are a fantastic teacher!!!

[@farmer83lost]

What a great, practical way to teach. We should all be so lucky to have a teacher like this

[@Antivirus-uk3rx]

Dude! I cant believe you got me to understand binary!!! I just got an arduino and thank god i found your channel!

[@jwthethotlord5493]

Getting into electrical engineering and really appreciate all these videos, taught me more in 3 hours than most professors thank you!!!!

[@paulmcwhorter]

Great to hear!

[@nikkyrachit]

Done the assignment of 4-bit Arduino with programming code in first attempt. Thanks for sharing your knowledge.

[@josebarbosa51]

Nibble is 4 bit's therefore making this Hexadecimal. I have different computer and networking certifications that make this stuff so clear to me. Just never did programing or anything robotic. Love your work bro. Thanks for your time.

[@dennisofnewport]

I did what you taught about testing and found I had a bad resistor. Saved a lot of time.

[@walterluikey4582]

Hi Paul, I just did the homework for tutorial #4 , Blinking red, green and blue LED. Struggled a little, but finally got the code correct and it worked like a charm!!!! Wally from NH

[@abdulrafey7284]

Once my brother tried to teach me C++ and it was chaotic. I stopped after three days but I guarantee if Paul had been my teacher he would've done a marvelous job.

[@willkamayuoomen5712]

you are an amazing teacher, i got an arduino yesterday and now i´m in the fifth lesson. I love the homework you give at the end, really fun to accept the challenge and begin thinking. I realy feel like a child playing with a new lego-set again!

[@reshmasuresh3625]

Definitely want to share something with you sir, after this tutorial I tried converting my sister's name to the Morse code and showed her. She was very happy and kinda proud too. Thanks a lot. you are the best teacher I've ever got.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Fantastic!

[@reshmasuresh3625]

@@paulmcwhorter Wow, and today is sister's day🥺❤️

[@ericsmith7988]

Finished and it worked very well. I used 500ms delay and 2000ms at the end. Lots of fun and I am learning a lot here. Thank you Paul, for your hard work on the lessons.

[@luciagege287]

You’ve changed my life with this lesson😩❤

[@paulmcwhorter]

Excellent!

[@simar373]

*Says pour yourself a nice mug of cold coffee.* *spends like half an hour to go to the market, learn how to make cold coffee, and settles down finally*

[@jamesbraxton6132]

i've been addressing moving lights in entreatment industryfor decades and now I understand how they work. Thank You

[@muhammadrafiqulislamkhan6994]

I am watching your video over and over again to understand fully. 🤓 Thanks for sharing.

[@jackflight2756]

Just great explanation! Many thanks from an old student (65y) in the Netherlands!

[@danishdahiya2889]

Appreciate a lot Paul, I don't have to spend money in colleges now, you are doing a great job Just Keep it Up !!!! God Bless You

[@paulmcwhorter]

Happy to help!

[@zahimo]

If I like this video ? you ask ... you are the best teacher I have met.

[@tristanlee1171]

This is honestly the best tutorial I've ever seen on youtube. Awesome teaching. The projects at the end of each video make it even better, as well as the fact you want us to learn the base physics. I am just graduating high school and you are the second teacher I've ever had, that teaches in such an engaging way.

[@thatoneguy5164]

I don't have a Arduino yet I just find electronics really interesting and I really enjoy your teaching thanks for all the great information 👍👍

[@scottduncan2308]

Came across your tutorials yesterday. Prior to that I had minimal knowledge of Binary or computer code. Thanks to your minimalist and simple style of teaching along with the 'home-work' assignments, within 24 hours I now have a basic knowledge of something that I never thought I'd be able to wrap my head around. I am now hooked on your series. Many thanks for taking the time to create this series. Greetings from Birmingham, UK.

[@greyhnd001]

Thanks bud. love your classes. they help so mutch. i used to work as a network engineer and we had to do 8 bit binary to subnet.

[@simpjkee]

I did the assignment and once I picked up on the pattern it seemed pretty easy to keep counting up so I set mine up to count from 0 to 63. I feel confident I could have gone to 127 and beyond but the kit only came with 6 red LED's so I stopped there. I took a video of it and have been looking forward to showing the video to my dad since he is an engineer.

[@zihero5127]

Sir, this is the BEST explanation of binary numbers I have ever seen! Thank you.

[@johndavid360]

This is literally the only home work I enjoy!

[@indianolaguitarman]

Paul, these are great and you really set an example of how to clearly teach and, make the process fun. It is a little weird watching them all this time after they were fresh in regards to your asking for feedback. On watching this one while eating breakfast I wondered when you decided to swap out the delay number with a variable, just how often you end up using find and replace kind of functions. On looking at the IDE just now it isn't quite like what you get with Word processors with a find field and a replace field followed by a "replace all." At least not that I could find. Great work on these videos!

[@Stinky_bolla]

Absolutely great, have tried to understand this for years. An afternoon of your lessons i have made it work here at my desk. You are a great teacher!

[@paulmcwhorter]

Fantastic!

[@kevbomtb6078]

This content is wonderful. I've always been interested in electronics and have done some light C++ programming in the past (college) so I'm picking up nicely... Something worth checking out - Tinker CAD circuits. It's an Arduino emulator where you throw the main board, bread board, resistors, sensors, LEDS, etc on the screen... connect them with wires.. and then run the program to watch your simulation run. It's an absolutely free way to get started without having to buy the hardware - all web based.... I even ran a LED with no resistor, just to see, and I got a warning about the voltage going to the LED! I'm excited to get through your series and then jump onto the raspberry pi videos. I just bought an Orange Pi which I believe will be similar enough.

[@yoursfithfully047]

thanks Paul , your valuable insights and commitment to help others learn makes you a moral man and a truly free man . May God be by your side thanks for the tutorials

[@paulmcwhorter]

I appreciate that!

[@mosheschreiber5195]

Hey Paul, with 20 minutes of learning and my prior knowledge in coding. Instead of writing down each and every number in binary and displaying it on the LEDs, I wrote a function to calculate the next number with some if's and else's and created an automatic counter

[@OatmealTheCrazy]

This one took way too long lol but finally, did a thing I am sure it is entirely inefficient, but I can't be bothered to care anymore lol int i; int delayTime = 500; int bluePort = 6; int redPort = 8; int greenPort = 10; int yellowPort = 12; int blueValue = 8; int redValue=4; int yellowValue=2; int greenValue=1; int tallyValue; void setup() { // put your setup code here, to run once: pinMode(6, OUTPUT); pinMode(8, OUTPUT); pinMode(10, OUTPUT); pinMode(12, OUTPUT); pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { // put your main code here, to run repeatedly: for(i=0;i=0){ tallyValue = tallyValue -blueValue; digitalWrite(bluePort, HIGH); if (tallyValue - redValue >=0) { //4-7 tallyValue = tallyValue -redValue; digitalWrite(redPort, HIGH); if (tallyValue - yellowValue >=0){ tallyValue = tallyValue - yellowValue; digitalWrite (yellowPort,HIGH); if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if (tallyValue - yellowValue >=0){ tallyValue = tallyValue - yellowValue; digitalWrite (yellowPort,HIGH); if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH); } } else if (tallyValue - redValue >=0) { tallyValue = tallyValue -redValue; digitalWrite(redPort, HIGH); if (tallyValue - yellowValue >=0){ tallyValue = tallyValue - yellowValue; digitalWrite (yellowPort,HIGH); if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if (tallyValue - yellowValue >=0){ tallyValue = tallyValue - yellowValue; digitalWrite (yellowPort,HIGH); if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH);} } else if(tallyValue-greenValue>=0){ digitalWrite (greenPort, HIGH); } delay(delayTime); digitalWrite(greenPort,LOW); digitalWrite(yellowPort, LOW); digitalWrite(redPort, LOW); digitalWrite(bluePort, LOW); } }

[@李晶-q2k]

Holy moly

[@comradepeter87]

Anyone directly seeing this video might get concerned seeing the "SOS" signal in the background at the start 😂😂

[@bartekkowalski8393]

lol so true

[@phil-1115]

I didn't understand binary until now. This video explained it perfectly. Thank you.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Great to hear!

[@danielsaville13]

I am a potter and I am working on a project that involves automating my kiln firing schedule for my older kilns but really want to learn the ins and outs as well. I truly appreciate your teaching style. Thank you. I do not want to just upload code I did not write into the arduino like a sheep... where is the fun in that ! I want to make it my own, understand it all and improve upon the open source code I found!!

[@kennygarcia6939]

I am so glad I found these videos. I really like the assignments at the end of the videos. I feel like i'm back in school.

[@yesno6290]

1 and 1 is 0. Finally I got it. thx for the series, watching every other day.

[@theglyph1795]

Let's be honest, y'all came for the intro and stayed for the incredible teaching.

[@marting9771]

This project was challenging but very satisfying to do using bit arithmetic and would have been even tougher without using arrays to line up the pins to the relevant bit in the nibble. It almost drove me nuts because using Serial.println() is so tedious to see the values I was getting. Thank you for making the challenge though Paul! It was a good one! // Pins used int bit_0 = 13; // pin 13 int bit_1 = 12; // pin 12 int bit_2 = 8; // pin 8 int bit_3 = 7; // pin 7 // position values for each bit in the nibble int bitValues[] = {1,2,4,8}; // used to align bit value with pin int bitPort[] = {13,12,8,7}; // resets all pins to LOW, turning off all LED'S void resetBits(){ digitalWrite(bit_0, LOW); digitalWrite(bit_1, LOW); digitalWrite(bit_2, LOW); digitalWrite(bit_3, LOW); } // calculates which leds should be turned on // starting with all LED'S off void setNibble(int currentNumber){ Serial.print("Number to convert: "); Serial.println(currentNumber); for(int x = 3; x >= 0; x--){ int bitValue = bitValues[x]; // current bit value // if current bitValue is less than subtract // bit value from current value // update current value to the remainder of that calculation if(bitValue

[@kennystewart7969]

Paul, as in tutorial you had me laughing, "1 plus1 is, Noooooooo, its not 2....." brill, I forgot about binary from my school days, you made relearning it a blast. 👍👍

[@munkazatips8994]

Nice series .... Well explained. ... Good going..... Stay blessed. ....

[@eZaFJDUBB]

i wish you would get more into working with hardware in these first few lessons some of this information is beyond what is needed to learn hardware

[@barrybegley5379]

Paul, this is proving to be a very thorough course in Arduino and I am having an awesome and "most excellent" time learning from You. Thank You so much for the skill in which you present each and every lesson. Fine Work indeed.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Great to hear!

[@RicardoMoreiraKrahnin]

I learnt more with you in 1 hour with your videos then with my teacher in 4h, Thank You!

[@paulmcwhorter]

That's great!

[@eduardocastellanoscampos293]

Excellent class, you transmit knoledge in a very clear and easy way, I am very happy lerning through your lessons and explanations.

[@paulmcwhorter]

Many thanks!

[@fatty76mc]

Great video! I did the HW, it downloaded and ran the first time with no errors. YAY

[@wuyaxu8529]

这可能是最好的Arduino教程了，我的母语不是英语，但是即使如此我都能够听懂这位老师的课程:P. The course you provide is really the best of all.

[@dannyffd]

Subscribed and am now a patreon member. I am honored to be here and learn from you sir. Thank you for all your time and effort!

[@paulmcwhorter]

Excellent!