Exploring How Computers Work

A little exploration of some of the fundamentals of how computers work. Logic gates, binary, two's complement; all that good stuff!
Series playlist: • Exploring How Computer...
Simulation tool (work in progress): sebastian.itch.io/digital-log...
Source code: github.com/SebLague/Digital-L...
Support the channel: / sebastianlague
Resources and Inspiration:
/ beneater
www.coursera.org/learn/build-...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%27s...
Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:50 Logic Gates
03:09 The Simulation
05:06 Binary Numeral System
06:16 Binary Addition Theory
07:24 Building an Adder
12:11 Negative Numbers Theory
15:08 Building the ALU
17:43 Outro
Music:
"A Quiet Place" by Jordan White
"A New Perspective" by Ryan Smart
"Beyond the Horizon" by Sounds Like Sander
"Crystal Bursts" by Cody Martin
"Air" by Assaf Ayalon
"Elastic Vibe" by Ziv Moran
"Gotcha!" by Avocado Junkie
Images:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_...

[@SebastianLague]

Hi everyone! I work with computers pretty much every day, but know shamefully little about what actually goes on inside them. I've been trying to remedy that recently by learning some of the (very) basics, and I thought it'd be fun to make a few videos about it along the way. It's a bit different from my usual content, but I hope you'll enjoy it anyway :) Edit: I see there’s some interest in getting access to the little simulation tool I made. It’s not in a very user friendly state at the moment, but I’ll see about polishing it up and releasing it for free sometime soon! Edit2: The simulation tool is now available here: sebastian.itch.io/digital-logic-sim Along with source code over here: github.com/SebLague/Digital-Logic-Sim If you'd like to support me in creating more videos about programming, game development, etc. I'd greatly appreciate your support on Patreon www.patreon.com/SebastianLague

[@drjoriv]

As a computer science master student, I am always learning somethings new from you even though I am in school rn

[@GloriousAssam]

I haven't watched this yet either, I was just commenting in the hopes of finding your ear. Your video on planets, raymarching.. always been hoping to do something involving raymarching (so anything further on that in future would be appreciated), but one question specifically about the collisions.. were they provided automatically by Unity as part of a mesh (I am unlikely to use Unity - webgl), were you using compute shaders, or something else in order to provide collisions? I haven't found much on this part, rendering the graphics being one challenge but to be able to receive back information on the collisions (so as to not phase through objects). I wasn't able to infer it from your video. Thanks!

[@chrisgaming9567]

I really liked this one

[@duckles426]

This is actually more in depth than most "Basics of Computing" explainers go, which i really liked. Keep up the good stuff :)

[@omerfarukbykl6097]

Will you share the source code for the tool?

[@Vijwal]

"I am not too good at giving instructions" *Makes a simulation that can simulate what it's being ran on*

[@Yamyatos]

That's kinda the thing about touring complete systems tho. Since they can do anything, they can literally simulate themselves. Not considering FPS, you could programm all of Factorio inside Factorio for example. Or inside the game of life. Or, well, in the above :P

[@gabponponne4525]

Same

[@joaozin003]

Minecraft... ?

[@transcent7]

@@joaozin003 yup, players already made working computers inside minecraft that are made without any mods.

[@TinyDeskEngineer]

@@transcent7 now they just need to make a 1-bit color version of Minecraft using a redstone lamp screen

[@m.h.m7509]

as a programmer watching this made me realize how privileged i am to live in a time when high level programming languages exist. can't imagine what the computer pioneers had to go through. mad respect for them.

[@maktiki]

Flipping switches and punchin holes in cards

[@kato_dsrdr]

Bruh. They program without even a screen and keyboard.

[@GriffinFamilyVlogs]

Real

[@Scout-uj1fj]

We have missed out on the fun stuff :(

[@m.h.m7509]

@@Scout-uj1fj really 😐😐

[@Andoxico]

There's a game called Turing Complete that's perfect for this sort of study. It takes you from making a NOT gate all the way to writing assembly programs that run on the computer you eventually build. I strongly recommend.

[@yumikotanashi]

Hey thanks for this it's lovely

[@kingagora]

link to the game?

[@angelcore1669]

@@kingagora it’s on steam

[@iambeloved496]

Thanks

[@alansmithee419]

Played this. You eventually build a turing complete CPU. I have done that and still have no clue how it works (though I certainly understand it much better than previously). Much harder to comprehend the totality of the system than it is to understand each of the individual steps along the way to building it. It is *so* satisfying to run assembly code on a CPU you *built yourself from scratch.* It's just a feeling of "holy **** this thing I made actually works." Really gives you an appreciation for the people who invented all this stuff *without* knowing it was all possible before they started. Edit: Also the game gets you to solve everything in this video on your own, rather than telling you how to do it which is fun. (yes, everything, including figuring out the format of negative numbers on your own, which it prompts you to do, but it doesn't tell you how).

[@MintyLime703]

It always blows my mind trying to figure out how we got from simple earth materials to a computer. How when arranged just right and using electrons to flip ones and zeros you can make a virtual world that can be interacted with. Not even for work or anything either, this technology is so standardized that everyone uses it for just about anything you can think of. Most have no idea how it works but they don't even need to. It's so incredibly advanced and new yet people treat computers like they're any other tool. Imagine trying to explain how a phone works to someone living in the Roman Republic. How could you even convince them that it's made from the metals and earthy materials found all around them?

[@iliaaaaaaa]

the same thoughts i was going through.

[@seavs1]

Yes! Thought about that too many times. Its pretty nuts actually.

[@hpa4355]

I'd argue that it isnt really made out of simple earth material. It is not like you can take a rock and a stick and build an ALU. You do have to perform extreme refinement of the materials, accumulation of knowledge and techniques, and mass industrialization to reach these technologies, so it is a matter of scale. I am although amazed, like you, by what we managed to accomplished from being able to put and miniaturize very basic components together. You should get a look at this video/article where a designer tried making a toaster from scratch.

[@Topghee1234]

@@hpa4355 But bro/sis, it all comes from earth before the refinement, techniques, knowledge, accumulation ....... isn't it.

[@kgosiphoma]

The Elohim helped your leaders do everything. Also modern technology isn’t new at all, it is actually a backwards movement compared to our ancient civilisations which will come back to light soon.

[@Luminalmvm]

You're actually explaining my university course far clearer than my lecturer lol. Love the videos

[@Ayrton3326]

same. I wish universities watched youtube videos on the subject to get better ideas of how to explain stuff

[@DerXavia]

I did this in school and its not really complicated? Didn't you play around with minecraft redstone?

[@Luminalmvm]

@@DerXavia I'm definitely more of a visual learner and they just describe it all instead of showing it like this. Unironically maybe I should have mc open while watching online lectures and build the logic gates lmao

[@allysonmardegan1484]

I can tell the same

[@Drastonar]

I came here to write the same comment! The two's complement explanation was the best I've seen.

[@NikolajLepka]

this might just be the most concise explanation of how to get from a transistor to an ALU

[@ArcNine9Angel]

I got lost halfway through, but this was so well made and clear to see I'm still fascinated! Thank you for making these! I always struggled with this and it made a bit more sense today.

[@eliasz61]

Same lol. Beginning to think I may be non-binary 😂

[@Svetlec]

a BIT more sense? (Haha binary bits ae fun

[@oussematoussli8085]

@@Svetlec HHHHHHHHHHH THATS FUNNY

[@ACorgi]

I took a course on computer architecture where we learned about all this stuff, but your explanation of the sign bit and calling it -8 was so clever! The sign bi, two's compliment, and everything has always been such a weird concept, especially when trying to explain it to others.

[@mrhelpful1190]

Quite frankly, the most impressive thing about this video is how easily he puts components into a breadboard

[@3631162]

ikr. im usually fiddling around to put shit inside. not just with breadboards. I think the problem is more fundamental..

[@rikschaaf]

I heard from Ben Eater that this is caused by the quality of the breadboard. He made a video about it a while back.

[@SimonTiger]

Ben Eater uses BB830 breadboards, which are very high quality. Maybe Sebastian uses them as well, but I'm not sure.

[@omayoperations8423]

Quite true; and that's sad. Not for him, but me.

[@statlanta_]

LMAOOOOO

[@dryoshiyahu]

This would be such an incredible tool for educational settings like classrooms.

[@beyondcatastrophe_]

I can recommend Logisim (or any of it's successors). It's a more polished tool that also has useful blocks like multiplexers, registers and more

[@ipotrick6686]

logisim

[@Anohaxer]

@@beyondcatastrophe_ > more polished more bloated, really. for purely education it's needlessly big. > useful blocks like multiplexers, registers and more if this had a save/load functionality it could be part of the course to build those yourself, which would be fun i think

[@nayandusoruth2468]

For any kind of logic circuit stuff, simulator.io is a decent online system if your curious

[@UberMun]

@@Anohaxer this guy posts on /g/ heh

[@Jath2112]

Your digital logic Sim is ...more exciting than anything I could have imagined having as a kid in the 80s... and the things I could imagine Cost way more than I could have afforded. ... I applaud your efforts man. You do a service to all future people. Cheers.

[@eckee]

I can’t believe how well put this is. So simple yet explains a lot of concepts clearly and in detail. Teachers do matter.

[@thebeat4769]

I'm suprised with every thing, from how computers work to how he can make the lines look so beautiful

[@Yamyatos]

I know right? I was thinking like "did he programm that just for this showcase?". Not because the actual logic behind it is impressive. But because the visualization is lol.

[@IlSharmouta]

@@Yamyatos looks like he did, yeah. They're locked to straight horizontal or vertical lines when he drags the mouse, so with only right angle corners, which then get nicely rounded. Impressive effort just to have his demonstrations nice and smooth looking.

[@twojnarrator7576]

Shift

[@thepearlking4417]

He was actually holding shift

[@Vincent_C]

I found out how to use simple logic gates from games like scrap mechanic and minecraft. It's strange building a computer, inside a video game that's running on a computer.

[@TheKikou18]

Welcome to Turing Completness, the criterion that tells you "Can this computer/mechanism/... simulate any computer/mechanism/... ?" For example, you could theoretically run minecraft on dominoes and make some redstone inside to make your exact computer !

[@Xtilly-uq2xm]

i learned from minecraft originally too, and learned to make basic computer components in scrap mechanic as well

[@1Joren]

Apparently Microsoft Powerpoint is also Turing complete

[@jupi6851]

yeah right! although minecraft is one of the few videogames that allow you to do this (others being baba is you and factorio) because it is turing complete. this is all so interesting :D

[@amberpurrington3565]

i edited this comment

[@Steve_K2]

I studied this stuff decades ago, and have now stumbled onto this video looking for a good tutorial for my grandson. Am just six minutes into it, but holy cow, it's brilliant. Best explanations I've ever seen. Bravo, Mr Lague.

[@glitchy_weasel]

Wow! This is without a doubt the best, most concise introduction to digital system in all of KZbin. And despite of being short and extremely concise, you explained it perfectly. As with many others in the comments, this complements my university course perfectly! Will share it with my friends, thanks!

[@dkaloger5720]

This explains in less than 20m what our computer class needs weeks for.

[@xyrex9911]

yeah lmao the visuals were actually so helpful. Imagine if the next curriculum just showed this series instead xD

[@gileee]

True, but in addition they teach you the connection between logic and language, the formalization of logical statements (which basically teaches you formal math language on the side) and different forms which have additional properties (such as ease of simplification of expressions with special algorithms), the limits and issues in practice, additional theory that talks about the maximal expression potential you have when you limit the number of operations (or gates) and what's need for maximum expressive power (why is just a NAND gate enough to represent all logical statements?), extending all the way to ALUs, instructions (and the history of computation).. and enough info in between to fill up this youtube comment input box.

[@plasticflower]

You should be grateful that your class dedicates a couple of weeks to this and doesn't merely show you a 20 minute video and then says "OK, got it? Onto the next topic then!"

[@douglasg14b]

And it probably took several times longer to produce! Which is the key, short, dense, easy to digest information takes a LOT of time and effort to create. Your [professors are not paid enough, nor are they provided with enough time to produce coursework of this quality.

[@danielb270]

You understand this video well BECAUSE you had weeks of university classses.

[@UstedTubo187]

When Sebastian says he's 'not so good at giving' computers instructions, a collective gulp can be heard from the rest of us.

[@thederpderp7758]

Haha I can relate :D

[@amgames5638]

As he proceeds to show the complex boids and procedural marching squares he designed himself... XD

[@TriDeapthBear]

Yeah, he then shows a program I couldn't figure out how to make... lol

[@youneskasdi]

Gulp? i almost swallowed my entire self

[@NStripleseven]

Yes

[@bibaswanchakma6471]

my whole semester's digital circuits and logic design lectures summed up in 18 minutes! thank you for this incredible and amazing video!

[@akinichts8387]

I like the way of thinking of the sign indicator as -8. never hear of this idea before

[@benrex7775]

- That is a quite common thing in programming. It's called signed datatypes. - Floating point numbers are also common. They are often bigger numbers and the computer needs more effort to calculate them, that's why they are avoided if possible, if you need an optimized code. - Quite a bit rarer is the fixed point numbers. There you have a fixed number of digits above the comma and a fixed number behind the comma.

[@samuelwerley528]

@@benrex7775 I think what he means is the -8 part. I learned about signed data types and the twos complement in school as well, but never saw the signed digit explained like that. Made it more intuitive. My professor taught us how to do the twos complement but it didn't click for me what it was actually doing until I saw this video

[@benrex7775]

@@samuelwerley528Makes sense.

[@hodayfa000h]

Well I already knew it from simply hacking with assembly I made a signed num an unsigned on and got shocked how after a certain value, numbers are supposedly negative even if not appearing so

[@ezeth8576]

Damn. Is this going to be another Ben Eater? If so, I'm in.

[@jackdavenport5011]

Ah, a fellow person of culture

[@sinus4784]

i love ben eater that guy is great

[@lior_haddad]

The title made me think this was Ben Eater before I saw the thumbnail, so maybe.

[@sinus4784]

@@lior_haddad same

[@patrlim]

Why does he eat bens

[@georgejaparidze]

Liked the video before watching, this guy is amazing, not only the topics are interesting, but the way he delivers the content is so good (approach, graphics, framing, etc).

[@davidtodd9918]

Brilliant! It's fabulous how he takes us from a simple set of and and not gates and creates all the other basic gate types, and then creates an addition unit. Very cool.

[@kivylius]

This is absolutely the best description I never ever seen in my entire life. As a dev for 10 year interested in electronic, I finally got the “aha” moment. Thank you.

[@greatcesari]

These are my thoughts exactly. Going through everything slowly, and visually building on previous more basic steps (circuits) using that little program made everything click perfectly. This style of explanation should be implemented in universities. The only addition is that I'd briefly explain from the start what everything is leading up to for the sake of unexperienced viewers.

[@m.h.m7509]

same

[@ant_six]

As a senior electrical and computer engineering student, this has been the best video I've seen in awhile! Explained the core of digital systems in a simple and intuitive way. Subscribed

[@motorinmysoup9912]

Do you think your electrical and computer engineering degree has been worth it? I’m heavily considering switching from CS to ECE because I like embedded and circuits more than just software but I’m still unsure.

[@ant_six]

@@motorinmysoup9912 One hundred percent. Extremely versatile degree and not as saturated. I switched from aerospace to electrical and one of the best decisions i’ve made. I can work in aeronautics as an electrical engineer, but not vice versa. Same goes EE and CMPS, which requires a good bit programming anyways.

[@ant_six]

@@motorinmysoup9912 Just read the other half of your comment. Digital and embedded systems required a good bit of knowledge on both the hardware and software. I did some programming before college, but I found EE courses gave me a much more cohesive picture of the whole as a system. Wish you the best of luck my friend

[@UntrainableWizard]

This 18 minute video taught me, and explained to me, more about bits and computing than my entire Computing course in college... Genuinely, from the very bottom of my heart- Thank you.

[@kwarc1009]

Me at start: Oh thats simple 1 and 1 goes in ,then 1 goes out Me just 3 minutes later: w0t

[@4TH4RV]

same lol

[@thomasdawson4840]

I've taken 4 years of computer science classes and no one has once explained this as well as you have. Great video

[@septa7559]

Yes, if an online course was as good as this all the way, I bet you could get a college level degree in a year.

[@jamesedwards6173]

You learn this stuff more in Computer/Electrical Engineering than in Computer Science. Especially in Digital Design (and, later, Computer Architecture) courses. (And, no, Septa, not a chance. There's way, way, waaaaaay more than this kind of thing to learn in getting a university degree in a field that would include this rudimentary material. Though, yes, this is certainly a nicely explanatory video.)

[@JazzInATinCan]

Hey Sebastian. Here's some praise: Your channel is a great candidate to being my favorite on youtube. Your videos are very focused and well explained, very well produced without being overproduced in any way, the vibe is perfectly wholesome, you go deeper than surface level, but not 4 hour videos. And it seems you put a lot of work into each video off screen and the quality is just wonderful. I get very inspired to create and explore but do not feel any pressure to also be cool and like you, as I can get from watching videos by other cool people.

[@hojdog]

As always with Sebastian's videos, I'm awed just as much by the work he puts into visualizing the concepts he describes as I am by concepts themselves

[@NatnatXS]

How can even you get anytihng done with that cute cat trying to catch the things on the monitor ._.

I have an almost identical one, just a bit darker in the colors, and she sleeps on me and purrs when she is not chasing my cursor on the screen )

[@vibaj16]

my friend was trying to do something with photoshop, and his can ran across his keyboard. It messed a lot of things up.

[@serenityenderson]

Only a dog person would say that... :p

[@chromosoze]

@@vibaj16 you keep that as a pet? usually we eat from them

[@benurm2390]

@@chromosoze lol he was eating from it

[@NineSun001]

I learned this years ago just with tables. This tool is such a genius idea. You should really make it "polished" as you've said and give it out to schools and universities. Every it-student will love you for this.

[@endodd_7742]

There are already dozens of good logic simulators with way more functions and more standardized representations. Check out Logisim or Digital by hneemann for example. For more complex stuff hardware description language is used instead.

[@di4352]

I've gone through NAND2Tetris and Ben Eater's videos, and your simulated approach is by far the most intuitive and simple to watch.

[@danielparsons2859]

Beautiful video series - thank you.

[@siristhedragon]

"Wait, Its all booleans?" "Always has been..." *Cocks gun*

[@watchableraven3517]

I like your profile picture

[@oyoplayer]

Wait, number is booleans?

[@abdullahelwalid4494]

@@oyoplayer 0&1 are booleans it's either zero or one that's why it's a boolean :) in other words Yes or No. This is called binary language which the computer understands.

[@oyoplayer]

@@abdullahelwalid4494 thanks but i already know that (because I'm dev) , i Say that for the joke

[@abdullahelwalid4494]

@@oyoplayer 😂😂😂 😂😂my bad

[@ClokworkGremlin]

This is a boiled down version of what took me $4000 and 6 months to learn when I was getting my university degree. It's an excellent example of how KZbin is making college obsolete.

[@omgcyanide4642]

Great comment!

[@lazyemperor5182]

Obsolete ,shows that u r a programmer,,anyway I feel college is useless since everything is available for free on internet ,thanks to guys like Sebastian who make it free

[@SkrtlIl]

I can't really believe thats all you did in each course for a whole semester. We did this more thoroughly and formally than shown here in a single course, making up about a fifth of the coursework. I'm not in EE/CE tho and I know they have plenty more hours of digital electronics, but it's also far more advanced

[@shishirgurung4427]

You're only looking at it from a binary perspective, like a programmer. There's more facets to life and why people make certain choices. The risk vs reward and regulatory components are imbalanced on the interwebs compared to real life. Colleges pay a lot in time and money compared to KZbin creators. Colleges can't just make money by passing an algorithm

[@MrMustacrackish]

So there are the MOOCs offered through some great schools and I think you can get an electrical engineering license in Wisconsin if you pass the test regardless if you have a 4 year degree...

[@primeral]

Mr. Lague, you are an excellent teacher and a tremendous asset to this planet. I subscribed a few days ago, you deserve to have many more. Thank you for this video.

[@alexandermaasland3494]

Hi Sebastian, I recently stumbled upon your project and videos and I really like your simulation tool. I sure hope you will continue to work on it to make it even more complete :) Hope to see more from you in the future!

[@aniketpandey2524]

This is exactly how I taught my nephew in 7th class how to code. Once he understood the alu structure, it was all a piece of cake for him. It took me 4 years of grad school and 3 years working in the industry to understand all this in a way I could teach a 12 year old. We never had such informative video back then. ❣️

[@applekid6275]

My god that may be the cutest cat I've ever seen in my life

[@jeetenderkakkar7570]

100

[@cardcode8345]

Me Looking at every other cat.

[@globalwarrior16]

He wants to code

[@petertherobot9326]

*Meanwhile in the comment sections*

[@pantashu1ch1]

Ikr😫🤚🏻✨

[@chrisklecker]

This is such an awesome video. It requires a few watches to truly understand the logic but the logic is so sound and you show it so well that I plan to show in my Computer Science Principles class since I am getting questions on how exactly do computers work.

[@Unverwertbar]

How are you so good at programming and technology yet at the same time such a great educator, videographer and animator?! I love all of your content and want to thank you sincerely for creating it with such amazing depth, structure, aesthetics and attention to detail!

[@dragofand]

omg, calling the sign bit "-8x" makes so much sense! None of my professors taught it that way! I'd always kind of struggle because I had to remember the formula/steps to get the 2's complement, but thinking of it as -8x just takes that need away!!

[@ShipleyConcrete]

I based my numerals off of two's complement

[@deafanddumb6329]

here here

[@sharafmakahleh4125]

If you want to really understand how it works, look at 9's and 10's complement in the 10-digit system. That blew my mind away Instead of subtracting two numbers like 75-31 = 44 1-We can subtract and add a 100 (10's complement, like one's complement in binary): 75-(-100+31) - 100 2-Then we prepare for 9's complement(easier to work with because it's like inverting each digit): 75 - (-99+31) +1 -100 (75 + 68)+1-100 3- We do the calculation, then minus 100 (that's why we delete the carry at the final step) (143+1) -100 144 -100 = 44

[@shaytal100]

Such a neat little program you got there! This would be so nice for schools. A program where you have nothing but an AND gate and an inverter at the start. While you learn you build your own more and more complex components and some little pocket calculator at the end? Would be cool to have 7-segment displays where you have to build the logic for as well!

[@lucasfranco1758]

Do you know the name of it?

[@ohwowlovely5496]

@@lucasfranco1758 I think he programmed it himself.

[@LucasHussey]

@@lucasfranco1758 Check the description!

[@lucasfranco1758]

@@LucasHussey Thanks!

[@efulmer8675]

I suggest checking out the game "Turing Complete" if you liked this simulation of his and wanted to learn more. It's exactly this but it steps you through everything from circuit logic all the way up to programming on your own (simulated) home-built computer.

[@Medusacururu]

This video is gold! Thank you so much for the explanation.

[@maxellmilay]

This is amazing! I previously took a course on computer logic, but this video and that software makes learning more intuitive by visualizing each step of constructing the building blocks of the computer

[@Lucius.Hercules]

hey Sebastian! I just got into software engineering at my local uni !! I just wanted to say that you were a big part of that decision. Your exploration of computing has completely captured my interest and guided me on my own little programming explorations. Cheers! Jonah :)

[@Lucius.Hercules]

also this ALU design takes me back to trying to make a 4 bit adder in minecraft years ago. im super excited for the next episode :))

[@CommandrMoose]

What I love about these videos is that they talk about programming concepts in a easy to digest way without talking down to the audience. You very much feel like you're learning alongside Sebastian, even if he's over simplifying concepts for the sake of a video. This is easily one of the best programming related channels on KZbin.

[@uglyrat623]

oh my God this is the #1 video that actually makes sense out of basically 1 million other videos that try to explain

[@jake_runs_the_world]

man this is so precise and all from first principles sooo goodddd

[@knowledgedh7700]

This is embarrassing within 2 minutes you explained basic "and" and "not" gates 100% better than what my uni did for me, i had a course i struggled with greatly in which my tutor always mocked me for not understanding what he taught. But the difference is that this is better than my course and is free, and my course is more expensive and much worse at explaining. I'm considering sending this anonymously to my university course coordinator to show how embarrassing the teaching methods that we pay for are taught significantly more poorly than a free youtube video, this is making it very hard for me to consider staying in the course considering i am a third year and feel like ive learnt it all myself through the Internets free resources.

[@CraftBasti]

Do it. Not necessarily to embarrass anyone, but maybe they can learn and improve with it. Or show it instead of class. In any case a win for future struggling students

[@knowledgedh7700]

@@CraftBasti hopefully they can improve just very much in a shitty mood at the moment because am in an examination period, so that was just purely me venting cause my first initial emotion to this video was not a very kind one towards my uni

[@CraftBasti]

@@knowledgedh7700 I understand you, I went through the same not to long ago. I wish you the best

[@knowledgedh7700]

@@CraftBasti thankyou, means a lot

[@stevenwoerpel1884]

as a tutor myself, your tutor is SHIT for belittling you for not knowing the course content. That is literally exactly what tutors are not suppose to do, and the exact reason why the tutee is there in the first place.

[@hszt4414]

I catch myself getting back to your video on semi-monthly basis, its so calming and adicitivly developing

[@travismurphy9366]

Absolutely brilliant sir, thank you for this!

[@dennisabrioljr.9333]

He explains all my semester's lessons in just 18 minutes in more comprehensive way. Thank you very much🇵🇭😆

[@YMandarin]

I've never seen someone working out two's complement directly

[@kingoffire9373]

Using your simulator program and following along with the video I would have to say I have learned a lot about logic gates. I always understood what the names meant and kinda how they worked with the truth tables, but breaking it down in this way and using just the AND and NOT gates to create the rest of them and then build an adder really drove home the logic, thank you!

[@aidanknox2430]

This is amazing and thanks so much for the tool!

[@andrewdrost6786]

I've been taught this stuff so many times, but this is the first time that I've actually learned it.

[@SadaqatullahNoonari]

I am a computer programmer with 7 years of professional experience. I felt like sitting in class back in the day. Amazing nostalgic experience. Keep building brother. Waiting for part two of this.

[@NbaYoungBoyWithABeard]

Heyy can we talk?

[@omaralyalgohary1995]

i just watched this before my logic design exam, absolutely magnificent how much you explained in one video , thanks alot

[@jonathansilvestri7648]

damn. This video is exactly what i learned in the first two weeks of my computer organization course i just finished

[@frollard]

You can't trick us! This is a cat video disguised as education!

[@iansarmiento23]

I'm legit nerding out right now cause I understand everything you're saying

[@iXenox]

me too

[@Alizavr]

honestly the best feeling

[@evanherriges4042]

same

[@marcosteinke]

Best explanation on how to build an adder so far...

[@sirdocc6735]

I gotta say. Its incredible how condensed and smooth your explanation of the matter is. I needed about 4h to understand these fundamentals and ironically your video featured information completely new to me. Only roadblock for me was the speed at which everything was going. If I wouldn't know the things discussed beforehand I'd need multiple watches and attpempts at recreation to understand properly. But that is a personal problem. The video is hands down excellent. Keep it up :D

[@The_Troll]

Just for fun try clicking the Settings gear at the bottom right and changing the Playback speed to .75 or even .50. It does give you more time to think.

[@Kopczak1995]

Remember that our guy needed to 1. Understand concept himself 2. Mess around with real life circuits enough to be sure what he's doing 3. Needed to prepare a lot of material and codes before he showed us something This video is but a short summary of what Sebastian learned (tho in a damn cool way). Don't be ashamed that it take you time to learn. To create such videos, especially if someone say he just learned it (big thumbs up here!), there was a lot of hours sank to create "measly" 20 minutes of content. I would be darn impressed for someone to learn complex concepts of logical operators from a scratch without a prior knowledge about that or IT in general in 30 minutes.

[@mekafinchi]

As someone who’s put a lot of time into computer architecture, I’m excited to see how you explain things :) Edit: Well done, I hope to see this continue.

[@gauravdeshmukh9608]

Best explanation ever of all times, cleared my doubts which I am having since years, thank you so much :)

[@ollyoctavian]

Absolutely amazing explanation! Just amazing!!!

[@_mickmccarthy]

Haven't actually watched anything yet but hoping this becomes a series!

[@CaioVelenosi]

This is one of the best node editors I've ever seen! Love how you can organize and branch the connections so easily.

[@primeix]

This is one of the best explanations I have ever seen! Thank you so much for making this!

[@CEngrAries]

Thank you for Good Presentation!

[@spynderMK]

MY GOD I LOVE THIS SO MUCH. Teaching, showing, explaining, everything! Please continue, this is A+ material so far!

[@sparingatom89]

After years of trying to learn this stuff I finally understand. your teaching approach is incredible. Please continue the series!!

[@ammarazlanaimstuniversity930]

Excellent tutorial! Very clean and clear explanation with easy to understand languange and nice pace.

[@ChumEater1]

This video has inspired me to major in hardware engineering!

[@znefas]

This has summed up everything from two weeks' worth of Computing BTEC College lessons into 18 minutes, in the most intuitive way I've ever seen! Amazing and interesting content, I love it!

[@akshatsahay9015]

This 18 minute video sums up combinational logic in a *significantly* better way than my university's Intro to Digital Design course. Well done!

[@nicolasderoose]

That was INCREADIBLE. Can't wait for ep 2!

[@Bijomaru78]

Well, you've blown my freaking mind. Amazing work.

[@alfieranst]

Your content is literally exactly what I’m interested in right now - like I just spent the last three hours watching Ben eater and then this is a perfect summary of what I learnt

[@anilaxsus6376]

Damn, am i the only one who feels like this video ended on a cliff hanger ? I like this project, thumbs up man.

[@little1133]

Watching this with no prior experience with this aspect of computers. Yet I completely understand! You explain things so well.

[@lonelydoraiba]

This channel is incredibly valuable. Part of me wants you to monetize half this video or the rest of the series behind a paywall but the other part of is sincerely grateful to you for having sought out this knowledge and organized it so well in your own mind that it influences and motivates someone like me to become intensely focused on the information and knowledge provided. Thank you!

[@cq5857]

These explanations are amazing. Which teachers had to be as compelling as you! Even your 2-s complement explanation was so clean and really gave a deep understanding of the relationship of the numbers in binary

[@markhaus]

Wow this is BY FAR the most concise explanation of twos complement I’ve ever seen. In college I think this took over an hour. PLEAAASE expand this series further and show the implementation and explanation of other parts of the computer like sequential logic, to counters to registers to memory etc and continue on the combinational side like you did with adders to the rest of the ALU to instruction decoding, bus control, etc

[@Will88ks]

The explanations cannot be clearer. Excellent 👌 thanks!

[@GeorgiosB]

I appreciate your work. Thank you for explaining things clearly.

[@zekss07]

NOOOOO I've found interesting series when it only started!!! now i'll have to wait for other episodes :(

[@Mastermeida]

I found it 4 months later. Which is mildly better.

[@beepbeepimasheep237beepbee3]

Welp, looks like he should continue this series.

[@akmzahidulislam2764]

The most clever presentation I have ever seen or could imagine on this complex topic. Great stuff!

[@worldmadjoshglad4527]

I am a complete noob with this stuff however I downloaded your program and having some fun with it even though I have little to no Idea what I am doing right now. Thank you Sebastian!

[@mtx993]

Excellent! Introduction to digital logic, I will be watching all your videos.- Thanks for all the work you did into making these videos.- m

[@b0b1goat2]

This is one of the coolest videos I've seen in a really long time, keep up the great work!

[@chatter2765]

This kinda makes me appreciate my calculator and all the complexity explained in these "How computer works" vids shows that we've taken them for granted. Thanks for the vid

[@MindMathMoney]

You are an amazing teacher, Sebastian! Thank you 🙏

[@manuelmoralessoler8258]

I have been strugling to undesrtstand that deep level of computing, i used to ask my brother who is studying computer science and it would always be difficult for him to put it into words and i have been searching for information and looking for books to explain and i think i have finally reach the channel where i will find some answer. Thanks a lot!

[@vislo98]

Thanks for the video! It covered the subject really well, cant wait for more!

[@KnottyHarp]

Can't belive I took a logic circuits course months ago just to see how simple the basics (in application) are here. Well done, sir!

[@bombswabs3041]

wow just came across this on the random. You're teaching skills are off the charts. It makes so much sense they way its explained.