Menstrual Cycle | Female Reproductive Cycle | NMDCAT 2021

Menstrual Cycle | Female Reproductive Cycle | NMDCAT 2021
About This Video!
In this video we will discuss about mdcat menstrual cycle,menstrual cycle mdcat and mdcat menstrual cycle and hormones
Female Reproductive cycle: In females the production of egg is a cyclic activity as compared
to males, where gamete production and release is a continuous process beginning at puberty and
lasting throughout life.
In human females, the periodic reproductive cycle is completed in approximately 28 days and
involves changes in the structure and function of the whole reproductive system. It is called the
menstrual cycle and can be divided into four phases. The events of the menstrual cycle involve
the ovaries (ovarian cycle) and the uterus (uterine cycle) and these are regulated by pituitary
gonadotropins.
Primary steps in female reproductive cycles are:
1. The pituitary gland on the onset of puberty, releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) which
stimulates the development of several primary follicles. Only one of these follicles continues to
grow with its primary oocytes while the rest break down by a degenerative process known as
follicle atresia.
2. The ovary, under the stimulus of FSH, also produces estrogen hormone.-This, on one hand,
stimulates the endometrium (internal living of the uterus wall) and vascularizes it, and on the other
hand, inhibits the secretion of FSH from pituitary gland.
3. Decrease of FSH and increase of estrogen, causes the pituitary gland to secrete luteinizing
hormone (LH) which induces ovulation - the release of ovum from the follicle.
4. The follicle cells, after release of the egg. are modiied to form a special structure called corpus
luteum. This yellowish glandular structure starts” secreting hormone called progesterone. This
hormone develops the endometrium and make it receptive for the implantation of the zygote
(placenta formation).
5. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum starts degenerating. The progesterone secretion
diminishes and its supporting efect on the spongy endometrium is reduced, which sufers a
breakdown. This causes the discharge of blood and cell debris known as menstruation. This stage
usually lasts for 3 - 7 days
The cycle is thus completed and the uterus is ready to enter into the next cycle. The human menstrual
cycle generally repeats every 28 days although there is considerable variation in diferent individuals
or even within the same individual at diferent times of her age. The end or complete stop of the
menstrual cycle is called menupause, after which the female stops producing the ova.
Malnourishment and emotional stresses efect the female reproductive cycle, which
may be disturbed. The cycle is not completed in its normal 28 days

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