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The development of the hindgut explained very simply!
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
- • Introduction to Embryo...
Post any questions you have about the video below, I read all the comments:
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Summary for your notes:
- hindgut gives rise to the distal third of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum and the upper 2/3 of the anal canal.
- endoderm of the hindgut also contributes to the internal lining of the bladder and urethra
- terminal hindgut enters the posterior portion of the cloaca, and the allantois enters the anterior portion.
- cloaca becomes the anorectal canal and the urogenital sinus
- the cloaca is an endoderm cavity covered at the cloacal membrane by ectoderm
- the urorectal septum, which is mesoderm, separates the region between allantois and hindgut
- septum grows caudally and the tip fuses with the cloacal membrane giving rise to the perineal body, and the urogenital and anal membranes.
- upper 2/3 of anal canal is endoderm and supplied by inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
- lower 1/3 of anal canal is ectoderm and supplied by inferior rectal arteries from the internal iliac artery.
- boundary is the pectinate line
Abnormalities:
- rectovaginal fistula
- atresia
- congenital megacolon - Hirschprung disease
- imperforate anus