Embryology of the Eye (Easy to Understand)

The development of the eyes explained in 15 minutes.
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
• Introduction to Embryo...
Post any questions you have about the video below, I read all the comments:
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SUMMARY OF THE VIDEO FOR YOUR NOTES
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Development of the eye is a little bit more complex than most of the organs already discussed, but as usual we will break it down simply so that we can make it easy to understand.
The eye is first noticed in week three of development. Just like the development of ears are marked with the appearance of an otic placode and then an otic vesicle, the eyes are marked by the appearance of the optic placode and vesicle on either side of the embryo. As the anterior and posterior neuropores close (see CNS section), the optic placodes will form into the optic vesicles. The optic placodes are developed from neural tube (ectoderm). The optic vesicles grow until they touch the ectoderm of the skin of the embryo. The lens’ then initiate their formation, at which point the vesicle evaginates to form the optic cup. The optic cup has two layers: an inner and an outer layer. The outer layer is the pigmented layer of the retina, and the inner layer is the neural layer. In week seven, the optic cup begins to form the pupil. The actual lens itself is developed from the surface ectoderm as a lens placode, and by week five detaches itself from the surface ectoderm and is in its position inside the optic cup.
The pars optica retinae is the outermost layer of the inner layer and will contain the rods and cones. Next to the pars optica retinae is the mantle layer which develops into the neurons of the eye (outer nuclear, inner nuclear, and ganglion layers). The axons of these nerves are on the surface and they join together to form the optic nerve (CNII). The most anterior portion of the inner layer has a one cell coating (pars ceca retinae) which will form both the pars iridica retinae (the inner layer of the iris) and the pars ciliaris retinae (becomes the ciliary body). The pars ciliaris retinae continually folds to give it its characteristic appearance and the ciliary muscle will eventually control the lens in response to light and other stimuli. The dilator pupillae and the sphincter of the eye form in the epithelial cells contained within the surface and the optic cup.
There is another inner and outer layer for you to remember now. By week six, the tissue that surrounds the developing eye will transform into an inner and outer layer. The inner layer will become a tissue resembling the pia mater, and the outer layer resembles the dura mater. The pia mater portion differentiates into the choroid, whereas the dura mater portion will become the sclera.
The anterior chamber forms when there is degeneration of the tissue that yet again forms an inner and outer layer. The inner layer is the iridopupillary membrane (which completely degenerates anterior to the lens) and the outer layer is the substantia propria. The cornea is made from the substantia propria, an epithelial layer from the ectoderm, and the epithelium shared with the anterior chamber. The posterior chamber is bordered by the iris and ciliary body. Both anterior and posterior chambers are in open communication with each other through the pupil, and both contain aqueous humor that continually circulates.
Between the retina and the lens, the vitreous body is formed by infiltrating tissue that initially surrounds the optic cup.

[@minass]

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[@ammarmohana277]

my embryology exam is literally in 2 days and I was struggling to find a proper eye development resources to study the eye from. You just saved me!! Thank you so much

[@minass]

Just in time 😎👌🏼

[@trvenvt8265]

Lol, same, in 2 days lets gooo

[@bernardidiahi3114]

Same mine is in 2hrs

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Mine is in 4hrs

[@idrisoladosu9078]

Mine is in 15hrs

[@naniigemechu4327]

He literally knows like where the confusion arises what a talent!!!

[@bendandsnatch2683]

This is just generally an exceptional explanation but the illustrations specifically are incredible - so clear and meticulous and aesthetically pleasing. I can't imagine erasing them!

[@goodfella9867]

dude literally you're saving me, i was looking at my embryology book and everything was like a foreign langauge. these videos make the material so easy to understand, thanks man!

[@minass]

It literally is in another language. No time to learn latin right

[@bee-ep9qz]

Dr Minass, you're exceptional and a blessing. So good to have teachers like you who know from start to finish the entire topic. You've really helped me revise during my ophthalmology rotation, thank you so much! Will always appreciate your effort.

[@minass]

Wow, thank you, best of luck

[@hazarbuyukakpnar1356]

I was literally pulling my hair trying to figure out which part of the eye originated where THANK YOU!

[@hazarbuyukakpnar1356]

I legit tried to follow the color coordination of eye development figures.

[@r1a6d7ad]

This is so beatifully explained, embryology isn't scary anymore! Thank you so much for your dedication, keep up with great work!

[@minass]

Thanks Milan!

[@ataelbizanti9998]

Amazing!! Now I can watch my lecture without feeling like it’s a different language!

[@sabahmh1871]

I love your video - you're right, you make an extremely complex topic easy to understand and easy to remember with your animation (you being animated and involving yourself in the video, as well as likening yourself to an embryo lol!), and energy - the way you reiterate key points and go back to reminding us what the mesenchyme is for example, stressing those points - it was a 15 minute video that just flew by because it was so enjoyable! Bless you and people like you for helping the world :) thank you!

[@emmanuelskyler1148]

You've helped me conceive embryology properly. Now I read for the extra details which seep in easily now. Thanks

[@minass]

Very welcome

[@wellwisher5574]

Sir you are great as a teacher. You shouldn't have discontinued teaching. Where were you, we were waiting ?

[@minass]

It’s like finding a rare Pokémon

[@abdirahimmumin7935]

thanks Doctor, It's amazing how simply I got high score of understanding.

[@shaykamaryam2166]

You hv explained this in such a great n simplified way..... I guess I can never be able to understand this good without ur help... Your diagrams are way to informative and easy to understand... Thanks a lot Dr. Minass

[@minass]

It's my pleasure. Thanks!

[@mr.extreme9593]

Thank you!!! I'm a student of optics with intentions for optometrics in the future. I have prepared for my presentation about human eyeball embryology from your video :) It was very helpful

[@khloud8748]

your way is really easy to understand . you deserve a lot of appreciation . thank you.

[@minass]

You are most welcome. Thanks so much for watching

[@abdiazizsuraw2477]

wow, appreciate you indeed. this is ever simplest video explaining all and every steps . thankyou

[@minass]

You are extremely welcome.

[@duboonegi703]

Thank you for all the effort you put into this video. Please continue making them. You are helping a lot 💓💓💓

[@minass]

Thanks will do!

[@فاطمهحسینپور-ه9ب]

Beautifully explaned thank you for saving my grade🙇🏼

[@shubhanjalibansod1589]

very vividly explained sir with crystal clear diagrams. thank u!!!

[@minass]

You are welcome

[@amrali2108]

Can't believe i can finally understand it , the diagrams are very clear and your process of thinking and showing every step in details yet it seems very simplified May god bless you dr minass , ty alot 🙏💖

[@minass]

You are most welcome

[@trvenvt8265]

Great freaking video, all the other sources were so unclear as to which part of the eye came from where, but here, man, you're my hero. Big thanks!

[@minass]

Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for watching

[@trvenvt8265]

@@minass Literally had the exam today and guess what question comes up? Development of eye. Guess who got an A lol

[@feifeishuishui]

You are a great teacher. You made this complex process clear and easy to remember. Thanks

[@minass]

My pleasure

[@NigelMagunda-vz7ce]

Thank you very much it's very helpful

[@javairiasaleem9422]

So I have been kind of really hooked up and now it is so frustrating I can't read an embryology topic without watching one of your videos to get a head start. Thankyou so much ❤️

[@minass]

Thanks Javairia

[@fredericomarques4230]

Dr. Minass what a wonderful didactic lecture, simply fantastic and easy to understand. Congratulations once more!

[@minass]

Many thanks!

[@habiburrahaman4094]

Thank you so much, sir, although the video had so many points I had to watch it repeatedly.

[@jessicajohnson1585]

Thank you so much for the videos it has helped me a lot since we started studying online due to Covid19.. please do videos on other subjects especially neuro anatomy

[@zoemarkinson3851]

Really helpful I was struggling to learn embryology. Thank you for all the videos on embryology

[@minass]

Happy to help!

[@camillelagarrigue2736]

As a medical student, it was very useful! Thank you

[@minass]

very welcome

[@gabriella.k8307]

Thank you so much for these videos they're so helpful .... I'm watching every one of them as i study embryology and i will continue to watch every single one ❤❤

[@arock8586]

Thanks for a good summary Doctor!

[@Ala22223]

you always save my life in embryo !!! my exam is in 2 days !!! thanks

[@minass]

Another life saved 👌🏼😎

[@ninditarahmani4449]

i nearly cried in happiness, thank you so much, your explaination is so easy to understand. you should be famous !

[@minass]

Haha, thank you for watching Nindita

[@bayernmunich4175]

Thank you so much DrMinass. Can you make a video specifically on birth defects. I know it would require at least 2 videos of 15 mins each but still if you could do it it would be great. Anyways have a great day and may god bless us all.

[@minass]

Sure that’s a good idea 👌🏼

[@roqia1055]

Thank you very much you made it too easy to understand 💖

[@godwindabere1677]

Thank you so much Dr Minas

[@D33tsz]

Fantastic video, really easy to follow and super helpful for my part 1 ophthalmology revision! Thanks!!!

[@minass]

Glad it was helpful!

[@ifeoluwabamise4315]

Thank you so much sir for all these awesome videos. I'm inspired by your understanding of these intricate concepts and also by your ability to teach them. God bless you.

[@minass]

Thanks for watching!

[@shimabahrami9379]

I was struggling before exam until I saw your video, thanks

[@alisoncamero1595]

This was amazing!!! Saving my grade and helping me actually understand!!

[@minass]

Thanks for watching!

[@dr.shyamal349]

Thank you so much sir ... Because of you I understand the embryology of eye ...

[@minass]

Glad to hear that!

[@annavoinilovych]

Thank you , amazingly explained video

[@polowesh]

You seams to like so much that you made me like this too. Thanks !

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Please upload more!! thank you so much

[@GOATTomMack1]

Great explanation, thank you!!!

[@minass]

Quite welcome

[@sarahameed3114]

Thank you so much sir ! You’re my lifesaver to my upcoming histology and embryology exam, may you also make an ear and skin development video? Thanks for saving many students out here :)!

[@minass]

Sure I will. This week

[@miralmirou2256]

That was great..i'm so grateful for you 🙏

[@minass]

I'm grateful that you watched the video and it was helpful. Enjoy

[@ranmori915]

THANK YOU , THAT WAS REALLY HELPFUL

[@minass]

YOU'RE WELCOME!!

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Wow you simplified the work for me

[@minass]

Thanks for watching. I try to make everything easy for students!

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Thank you so much for this wonderful video.🤗🤗

[@minass]

Most welcome 😊

[@cerkutaialp9609]

Love from Pakistan ❤️ it was really helpful

[@MA-yb7py]

Great explanation and great video, thanks a million

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Dr. Minass love you sir

[@minass]

🥰

[@zeyoono]

Explained better than a PhD at my medical school... Thanks

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Thanks, nicely explained.

[@minass]

Glad it was helpful!

[@NigelMagunda-vz7ce]

May pliz make a video on the development of mesentery

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You’re the best out the best!!

[@appleidea2762]

Have a great day. you make our days great. so I wish same for you sir

[@minass]

Making your day great was the ultimate goal of this video 👍

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Nicely explained ... It cleared my concepts ⚡

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Amazingly clear .. Thank you!

[@minass]

Great to hear!

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Great work thanks dr minass

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So useful, thank you !!! perfect timing for my senses test ;) ! Keep up!

[@minass]

Thanks for watching Pilar!

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Hi am Malon from Kenya and you

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@@malonkipngenoh2856 hey what's up, im from Portugal !! dope

[@aswdaghazy1133]

Thank you so much… U are explaining in a great and simple way😍🌸🌸🌸…. But please can U take a picture of the board and put it at the end of the video . Coz the words are not very clear ….

[@minass]

Picture is available on Patreon and Instagram!

[@arthurbonhomme7834]

Really great video ! Do you think it's possible to make a vid about aortic arches to complete your series about pharyngeal development ??

[@minass]

Great idea. Will do soon 👌🏼

[@PriyankaSingh-yr6sn]

Thank you 💕 for great effort 😊

[@9megir]

Great work Dr. Minass

[@minass]

It's my pleasure

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I love how you make them simple. Please keep it up ❤️

[@minass]

Thank you! 😊

[@انورالتميمي-غ3ر]

You are a master ❤

[@SGorla-su6fb]

Hello, thanks a lot for the brief description. I would like to know about iris epithelium and ciliary process epithelium, are they developed from the inner layer of the optic cup?

[@zamzammohamed1345]

Thank you Doctor I gained a lot......but where else can I get the anomalies 🤔

[@minass]

I'm about to start making videos on anomalies

[@zamzammohamed1345]

Okey tnk uh Dr

[@gabriellukwesa7174]

great tutorial video😊

[@nabazeki7460]

Thank you!

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Hello Sir . Hope you’re doing well. After 10 months you uploaded a new video. Where have you been sir. We’re badly waiting for your videos. One one why don’t you make videos on other subjects. Renal ,liver , or neurology etc . Thanks you Sir .

[@minass]

More videos coming very soon!

[@compressedlectures6340]

Thank you very much sir

[@dr.tariqalbarraq]

Thats awasome thank you

[@khazenahabib6243]

Hi I have been watching your videos and they are amazing, and very helpful. Can you please please a video of DEVELOPMENT OF EAR. It would be a great help. 😊 Thanks

[@minass]

Yes, I'll make the embryology of the ear as the next video. Should be made in the coming weeks.

[@asmaasalama133]

many thanks😊

[@jenellj729]

Thank you for this awesome video !

[@minass]

Glad you liked it!

[@UHFStation1]

Any situation by which the lens and cornea gets blood flow again? Perhaps allowing future gene therapies to regenerate them.

[@attacktitan703]

Thank you, made it easier to read KLM.

[@minass]

Soon, you won't need it hehe

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Very much helpful .... Thank you Sir ..

[@minass]

All the best

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From Iraq 🇮🇶 love u and thanks 🫶🏻🔅🤍

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Please dont stop keep upload videos❤

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Thank you ! very helpful

[@minass]

Glad it was helpful!

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Really good lecture, extremely informative. But being a teacher aswell, it is extremly interrupting and distubring with the Commercials in between.

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Thanks this helped😊

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Thanks sir for your help through this video 👍💖

[@minass]

Always welcome

[@utsabbando5012]

You are great Sir.

[@minass]

Thank you

[@gillpalakpk]

Thankyou Sir for this amazing video, was struggling since so long to understand the basic embryology of eye. Really helped me understand :)

[@minass]

Glad it helped!

[@189asadurrehman2]

Thank you sir❤

[@2763028]

Thank you, It’s really useful . Besides, can you make a video about the embryology of ears?

[@minass]

Yes, soon

[@leowong3340]

I watched your video when I was in my Year 2 struggling with embryology. And now you help me again. Thanks a lot Dr. Minass !!!

[@minass]

Its my pleasure Leo. Keep up the good work!

[@thenayanbathri]

Love from India 🙏😇

[@minass]

Love back from Australia

[@fasterpastor1000]

Hi Dr Minass. I've heard that about a million nerve cells from each eye grow and connect in a junction which in turn connects to the brain. I've also heard that each nerve cell from one eye must connect to the correct nerve cell from the other eye. In other words the nerve cells from each eye are paired in specific pairs, and not just random connections. Would you be able to explain this more clearly for me?

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Got 1 subscriber sir,you nailed it.❤️❤️

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Thank you so much I love your videos

[@minass]

Thanks Timi 👌

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It's very nice..

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you are amazing!!!

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Thx..u taught it well

[@minass]

Glad it was helpful!