The Passenger Jet That Flew Into A Tornado | NLM City Hopper Flight 431

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Fokker Image:Christian Volpati - www.airlinefan.com/airline-pho...
Mesocylone Image: Michael Graf - Own work
Mesocylone Line Drawings: Vanessa Ezekowitz
Mesocyclone Radar Image:Pedro Spoladore - en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Gr...
Crash Images: Public Domain
This is the story of NLM city hopper flight 431, on the 6th of october 1981 a Fokker F28 regional jet was to fly from rotterdam to hamburg with a stopover in eindhoven. By the way youtube please don't demonetize me for the name of the plane, that's literally what its called. Speaking of what the plane was called, this particular F28 was called eindhoven after the city that it was about to fly to. On that day the plane had 17 occupants for the short flight to eindhoven from rotterdam. The weather on the 6th of october wasnt too good, a depression over ireland was really messing up the weather systems over the netherlands. A weather system moved over the country over the course of the day. Cold and warm air mixed together creating some nasty weather that day. it wasn't the best day for flying but nothing seemed to be out of the ordinary just yet
By 3:20 PM GMT, the crew had their first weather briefing. They were told of a thunderstorm that was located southeast of rotterdam. It was something that they had to keep their eye on as they climbed out of the airport. The weather report said that the weather system would pass over the airport at about 4:00 PM GMT with winds ranging from 15 knots to 25 knots. Nothing to worry about.
At 4:04 pm the plane took off, right after takeoff the plane banked to the south over the city. As they did they checked the weather, they noticed some very intense activity on the weather radar and asked for a change in course to avoid the worst of the weather. The plane sped up to 230 knots as it started to enter the outskirts of the storm. They were aiming for a break in the clouds, they hoped that the small opening in the weather would keep them away from the worst of it. As the plane waded further and further into the weather system the plane started to be buffeted by strong winds from either side.
As flight 431 passed the river the hollands diep it had climbed to 3000 feet and by that point the turbulence had gotten much worse. The plane was experiencing G forces of upto 6.8 Gs
The small plane held out for as long as it could, on one of these encounters winds pushed the right wing of the plane up then the right wing was pushed down by the turbulence. With so much force that the right hand wing broke off. An intact plane had entered the storm cell and a broken one emerged from it.
The plane came down near the town of moerdijk, no one onboard survived.
Saying that flight 431 had flown into some turbulence is an understatement. What they experienced was something much more violent , something that wasnt that well understood at that time. They had flown into a meso cyclone or in other words a tornado. In fact right after the crash a picture of a tornado touching down was captured by a resident. Before we can understand how a passenger jet flew head first into a tornado we need to understand how a tornado could form in such a way that no one could detect it.
A Meso cyclone is basically a giant vortex of roating air, and it all starts with shear. On that day there were two fonts a cold front and a warm front, this caused winds to blow in two different

[@spddiesel]

Your opening reminded me of a joke my dad used to tell me. There was an Irish pilot in the RAF that was in a huge dogfight in WWII. For his bravery, he was brought before the queen for an audience. She asked him to describe his battle, so he replied "well your majesty, we was heavy in the thick of it, yeah? All of a sudden I look around and I sees two of them German Fokkers right on me tail!" His commander steps in when he sees the shock on the queen's face and says "your highness, if I may point out, a Fokker is a brand of German aircraft." To this the Irishman replied, "aye, it 'tis, without a doubt, but these fokkers were flying Messerschmidts!"

[@spddiesel]

@@christosvoskresye if it were a historically accurate account and not a joke being told to someone that was born 20 years after the last king died, probably.

[@dannydaw59]

The name of the aircraft and the swear word sound slightly different.

[@TUNTALKS]

😂 😂 😂

[@maximehoogstad8382]

Fokker was invented by a Dutchman right?

[@mjouwbuis]

@@maximehoogstad8382 it's a Dutch last name (of the founder of the aircraft company), so it was probably invented around the time Napoleon occupied the Netherlands ;-) Also, Fokker literally means someone who breeds (cattle, pets, etc.) so there's an ethymological connection to the swear word as well.

[@jamesmcguire5312]

I flew in the United States for various companies for almost 40 years. I found the best way to get out of trouble is to not go into a storm of any kind. Anytime you do that it’s a gamble. I learned to fly in Texas and Oklahoma. Storms typically reach 45,000 feet and had hail as well as the potential for tornadoes. I learned a real respect for that kind of weather.On four occasions I actually landed the aircraft short of the destination rather than go into the danger area. The passengers thanked me for doing that. I can honestly say that I never flew into a thunderstorm of any kind. You are right we have much better technology now than back then.

[@Megabean]

I was in a turboprop plane flying to Toronto one year and we went into a storm. It was some of the scariest flying I've ever experienced as a passenger, small plane and heavy rain/wind conditions do not mix well, my cup hit the ceiling and I was just happy everyone was still belted.

[@ronniewall1481]

HELLO FROM ATLANTA TEXAS

[@hostrauer]

The crew of Delta 191 ignored that rule, and even in a big L-1011 jumbo jet the storm didn't care and pushed them straight into the ground. Weather is just too powerful. The plane always loses.

[@Sierrahtl]

You can be my pilot anytime

[@yggdrasil9039]

You clearly did the right thing James as you are alive to post this comment 40 years later.

[@pop5678eye]

For clarification: a meso-cyclone is a large storm that 'slowly' spins and can last hours and NOT a tornado, (which touches the ground and on average lasts only a few minutes) but it often spawns them as part of its turbulent updraft.

[@mauricedavis8261]

Thank you for the clarification!!!🙏👍😷

[@1000CalorieSnackPack]

Yeah I was like "uhhh a mesocyclone is not a tornado". Mesocyclones can create tornados underneath them, but they're not the same thing.

[@bobd2659]

If conditions are right, they can even last days...looking an acting much like a hurricane, but less destructive unless they spawn a lot of tornadoes. Many years ago there was a late season meso over Lake Superior that lasted for day, barely moving due to high/low pressure systems that looked very much like a tropical hurricane, aside from wind speeds, though as I recall, I think there were VERY close to it at times...

[@VestedUTuber]

@@bobd2659 That was the "Huroncane", right? That actually turned out to be a true tropical system in every way except location, not just a mesocyclone that looked like one.

[@rdfox76]

@@VestedUTuber Hence the "Huroncane" name--the Detroit NWS office's way of getting back at the National Hurricane Center for refusing to designate it as a tropical system despite qualifying for tropical storm status by all standards except location. Apparently, that, and a few others out over the North Atlantic that went full barotropic and met the TS standards, but NHC refused to designate as tropical systems, causing damage eventually managed to embarrass NHC into inventing the new "subtropical storm" category for barotropic systems that form outside of the traditional tropical latitudes...

[@Ronin4614]

There is a rule about flying into clouds, “ things inside a cloud are never as bad as they seem from the outside,…… they are worse” . Tack on the darker the cloud the worse it is. Very good review of this mishap, as always.

[@moiraatkinson]

Mishap?! That’s like describing the Titanic as an “incident” 😳. It must be a culture/language thing, because you’re not the first person to use the word “mishap” where I would have said “disaster” or “catastrophe”.

[@AlEtteso]

The wing snapped off???

[@blissy1]

Pilots never fly through Cumulonimbus clouds

[@liquidiced]

@@j.jwhitty5861, that will have been lightning caused by a thunderstorm up to 25 miles away. Even on a ship with a 30 metre high bridge, you’re only seeing 12 miles. Since ships usually avoid storms, was weather forecast over the horizon? The general rule of thumb concerning not flying in to clouds is still true, as that is where the dangerous turbulent airflow is.

[@grmpEqweer]

Just as an on-the ground weather watcher who has seen a couple of funnels? Green or black clouds = really bad.

[@frdml01]

I remember this one well. Living in Rotterdam, I always listened out the Rotterdam ATC while I was doing homework for school. I heard this daily flight get take off clearance and minutes later I could hear them flying over our house. I remember thinking how these guys continue flying no matter the weather. Their destination was to the south east of Rotterdam, but a few minutes into the flight I heard the pilots asking for a course change to a south westerly direction to avoid weather. Less than 2 hours later I heard on the news that they had crashed. The course change had taken them right into the tornado, close to the town of Moerdijk. Hearing the pilot myself over ATC asking for the course change, and at the young age I was then, made this one very personal to me.

[@the_bottomfragger]

Damn, that is one hell of a thing to process, especially so young. We can just be happy that aviation safety has improved so significantly over the last few decades. Most extreme turbulence I ever had in over 100 flights was over the Bay of Bengal for over an hour but our 787 handled it masterfully. This probably would've posed much more of a threat 30-40 years ago.

[@rrknl5187]

Back in the late 70s - early 80s, I owned and flew a Piper Comanche. Single engine, 4 seats, retractable gear. I had an instrument rating and occasionally flew IMC (Instrument Meteorological Conditions........in the clouds). My worst turbulence was while flying in a warm front, sort of choppy but not bad. Then I flew into an embedded thunderstorm cell. Suddenly, the turbulence became severe, bouncing around all over. Very rapid altitude changes and ton of rain, it was like flying up a fire hose......... It seemed like at least an hour but in reality, it was likely a minute or so. I came out of it about 2,000' higher than my cruising altitude. The rest of the flight was uneventful.

[@jamessimms415]

Was flying into SeaTac returning to Ft. Lewis from Christmas Leave one year. Up down; left right; & some directions not invented yet. Another was flying into ATL two weeks after 9/11, we dropped several hundred feet all of a sudden. Everyone thought the worst was going to happen.

[@thatguyalex2835]

My worst turbulence was Icelandair flight in 2012 or 2013 returning back to the US. I was scared, and the 757 shook a lot more than other turbulence I have experienced.. It was heavy clear air turbulence. By the way, I recommend staying away from thunderstorm clouds, especially in a small Piper. :) You encountered an updraft, with wind speeds of over 2000 ft/min (20 mph, or 35 km/h).

[@rrknl5187]

@@thatguyalex2835 Turbulence is sort of odd, I've been in a small plane and big planes are reporting moderate to severe and I felt only moderate, not severe at all. The opposite is true as well, I've been bounced around pretty hard in a small plane and big planes are reporting light to moderate. I guess size does make a difference........lol.

[@thatguyalex2835]

@@rrknl5187 Well, in the future, turbulence may be able to be negated. The Japanese worked on some gust alleviation technology (tech demonstrator) that uses LIDAR sensors to detect clear air turbulence, and move the flaps/control surfaces automatically to anticipate the unstable air.

[@rrknl5187]

@@thatguyalex2835 I figured this was coming at some point but there are a LOT of details to be worked out.

[@static_actual]

"obviously they don't mean they actually flew directly into a tornado" "oh. never mind."

[@titan4110]

You know you're watching a youtube video when the creator has to request youtube to not demonetize him cause of a plane's name.

[@cameraman655]

Now, that he has annoyed the KZbin/Goggle Gods, all videos will be demonetized from this point going forward.

[@merlingt1]

“Progress”

[@macaylacayton2915]

why would it be bad? it's just a plane name most notable use was with Germany during WW1

[@NiHaoMike64]

@@cameraman655 Time to demonetize them back by using adblockers! (Those who still want ads to support KZbin creators can whitelist KZbin - all other Google ads will still be blocked which is a lot.)

[@aarondynamics1311]

@@NiHaoMike64 Or you can do what I do and use an extension called "KZbin video skip ad trigger", which skips the ads immediately after they are displayed. You get the benefit of no ads (99% of the time) but the content creators still get the revenue as the ads are still displayed for a fraction of a second

[@itsiepits]

I live in Dordrecht, and did some shopping that midday late. It was cloudy and windy but not realy bad. I heard the plane flying over the city, not knowing it would crash some minutes later. Too bad!

[@nkronert]

I live in Dordrecht too. I was a kid when this happened. I was pretty shocked when I heard that this happened so close to our house.

[@dogestranding5047]

German moment

[@Not_mera]

"hot and cold air" "aiming for a break in the clouds" oh no.. that's the eye 😨

[@ashkebora7262]

@@christosvoskresye Tornados do as well, they're just generally not big and almost always change too fast to really gain a region of perfectly 'clear' air. It's a cyclone thing, not a hurricane thing. Though the plane should be staying away from the whole system... One dropping tornados has 'got' to be just.. hell on the inside for a plane.

[@thinlineofsanity1035]

@@christosvoskresye tornadoes have eyes

[@nunyabusiness3437]

tornadoes dont come from a break in the clouds. more like the opposite. they drop from "wall clouds" which is a thick lowered section of cloud. even in the 80s you would have to be an idiot to fly into one and quite possible not even make it that far because of the strong inflow and cross wind. there is an eye but its not like a hurricane at all. generally tornadoes are too small to really tell there is one.

[@ashkebora7262]

@@christosvoskresye The eye is a physical feature of cyclones. Tornados have the physical feature, especially big ones. Of course it's not the same as a hurricane. No one is saying that.

[@SSanatobaJR]

My mother and I once had a huge funnel cloud try to drop down right on our heads back in the early 2000s. We lived in a small rural town in Southeastern Colorado and were coming home from Dr. appointments in the city 50 miles from our home. Severe thunderstorms had been building and we were trying to get home to my disabled father. Out in the middle of the country side, on a back highway with out many side roads we encountered a very dark severe storm with what we at first thought was a large low wall cloud. But it wasn't, it was rotating. And lowering. Right on top of us. My mom hit the gas and managed to get out from under it, though at the last minute it began to break up anyway. I still remember looking up through the middle of it's circular shape and seeing the sky. Large tornadoes can indeed have an eye. It was almost like that scene at the end of the movie Twister, just not quite as organized or structured. That storm went on to make more tornadoes and cause a bunch of damage further to east of us. But thankfully all it did to us was give us a huge scare. Of course it doesn't mean all tornadoes have eyes, but at least some definitely do. So glad I have a smart phone with me all the time now so I can better monitor the weather.

[@ccib00]

Weather is still the worst enemy to the plane. Good thing we have a better tech to detect these storms. By the way, congrats to 100k subs!

[@SimonTekConley]

There was a tornado warning that went out in Indiana, for kokomo area a few years ago. People got on twitter to complain that the warning interrupted their shows. It blew me away to see that.

[@KaiHenningsen]

@@SimonTekConley "Tell me you're American without telling me you're American."

[@SimonTekConley]

@@KaiHenningsen umm. Indiana is a state in the US. So obviously yes. Don't worry, all countries in the world have idiots. It's not just a localized phenomenon.

[@KaiHenningsen]

@@SimonTekConley As you might guess, I've seen my share of "Tell me you're German without telling me you're German". There are some for any place on Earth. Doesn't mean we don't like to point them out when we see them. I prefer this one to "Oh my god, that's like the most American thing ever" or the like. Less over the top, and more humor.

[@jimlatosful]

@@user-otzlixr beat me to it lol

[@8bitorgy]

Your ability to explain things clearly incidentally made one of the best tutorials of how a tornado forms.

[@boggy7665]

Look up Leigh Orf's supercomputer research. Opening new knowledge frontiers on how tornadoes form. They are finding, for example, that tornadoes form from an accretion of many smaller spinning vortices, and not one large one.

[@normaal4663]

Actually 18 people lost their lives that day because of the crash, 17 on board of the plane and a firefighter on the ground who happened to witness the crash and suffered a heartattack

[@luissemedo3597]

For real?

[@scootermom1791]

That's true! I read that in an article recently and thought that was so sad? I'd probably die from a heart attack if I ever witnessed such a thing, too.

[@davidtucker3729]

"we are going to die. we are gonna die" the women a few rows ahead of us was screaming as our Air Italia flight bounced up and down. It wasn't that bad but that poor woman was sure we were done for. I could even understand her fright and my italian is very limited. The stewards were on her in a flash to calm her down. Scary but not white knuckle scary. Well done episode again !!

[@scootermom1791]

I can totally relate. A week before the 9/11 attacks, I was on a plane and went through the worst turbulence I'd ever felt. I was on a charter plane with my infant daughter and sister. It was my sister's first flight, but I was more afraid than she was. The plane was flying from Houston to Louisiana, and it was in a storm! Watching these episodes now makes me wonder why they flew through the storm to begin with. Anyway, later I learned the turbulence probably felt worse because we were on a smaller plane. I'd never been on a charter flight before, so that was definitely possible. I just remember feeling really sad for my little daughter not being able to grow up and for me not getting to raise her in this lifetime. I was never happier to touch the ground than I was that night when we finally arrived at our destination!

[@stanislavkostarnov2157]

BTW: flew KLM citihoppers a lot in their time... very nice small planes in the fleet, but also, tended to be very weather prone (fun little adventures as a kid, but they seemed very turbulence happy back then, not really avoiding weather if they did not "have to")

[@titan4110]

NLM and KLM are not the same thing. But both had small planes and were turbulence happy.

[@AudieHolland]

​@@titan4110 Like someone below posted 4 hours ago, NLM was a subsidiary of KLM. Today it is named KLM CityHopper.

[@titan4110]

@@AudieHolland I just checked thanks.

[@stanislavkostarnov2157]

@@AudieHolland by the time I flew it was already KLM CityHopper (i.e.: plane livery, documents and most things inside) but I guess they never changed the name on the check in, and on some safety cards etc.... always somehow presumed one was the name as used in Dutch... did not realize they had been a different airline.

[@johnangier506]

About 50 years ago I flew out of an airport in Split Croatia (then Yugoslavia). They held our flight because of turbulence. On the ground all was calm. Everyone was pissed. What we didn't know was that in the mountains the turbulence was terrible. Next morning when we took off I flew through the worst turbulence I've ever been in when we got to the mountains. The pilots told us that the turbulence was much lower than the day before. No more pissed off people.

[@scootermom1791]

Yeah, people get mad about it until they realize the delay may have saved their lives.

[@aldenconsolver3428]

Thank you for detailing that disaster. I live out here in Tornado Alley USA and those storms are always part of the summer season. As you have time I would much enjoy seeing more on extreme weather events. Perhaps these are not such a huge problem now as they were but still the interest continues

[@Akula114]

The worst turbulence I ever flew through as a passenger was probably back in 1974 or 5. Eastern DC-9 from Greenville Spartanburg (SC) to Washington in the late afternoon. We flew between thunderstorms like in a movie, gently banking left and right to avoid the huge anvil shapes so beautifully lit by the setting sun. Only the Captain never came on to announce cruising altitude, thanks for flying Eastern, etc. It started getting rougher and rougher as the clouds seemed to close in. In moments, we were on one hell of a roller coaster. After maybe 10 minutes or so the Captain finally came on... not to tell us to keep our seat belts on (the sign never went off). Instead he welcomed us aboard "A DC-9, the Jaguar of the skies." He went on, "This Baby can do ground to its maximum ceiling standing on its tail." The Captain owned up at, "This Baby..." We cheered, laughed out loud and applauded as he went on. I know I've heard from one or two others who flew with this guy, and we all had the same feeling. If an engine was on fire and he asked one of us to go pee on it, we'd have fought our way to the door. I won't say he was better, but this Captain was right up there with Chuck Yeager. I'l never forget how he put us all totally at ease. God bless that guy and all like him.

[@jimchadwick3054]

Flying into ATL several years ago, we encountered the edge of a microburst. The airplane (B727-200) dropped over 200 ft and the wings flexed upward when we stopped falling. Overhead bins emptied and two pax who were not buckled were injured

[@RainbowManification]

What carrier do you fly for? I can’t recall any pax carriers still operating 727s in the US. I know FedEx retired theirs in 2013.

[@aaltvandenham]

I am Dutch, and 27 years old when this happend. You did not miss anything important of the Dutch report. Very glad you made this video.

[@macaylacayton2915]

also did you know that the first Fokker was made by a dutch person named Anthony Herman Gerard?

[@mjouwbuis]

@@macaylacayton2915 Those were indeed the first and middle names of Anthony Fokker, Fokker being his last name.

[@pascalcoole2725]

Dat wist ik ook niet.

[@macaylacayton2915]

@@pascalcoole2725 'that is' is the only part I can translate, mind translating for me?

[@pascalcoole2725]

@@macaylacayton2915 No problem, how can i help

[@sammyhill69]

Once plummeted violently during turbulence in an Emirates A380 over Coober Pedy, Australia (SYD-DXB) 2009. Several people were injured including a flight attendant being knocked unconscious. Food and drink flew everywhere and screams of terror and resignation cried out.

[@scootermom1791]

That would be horrific! 😨

[@Maven0666]

The problem with staying ten /twenty miles away from storms already formed is a storm can form very quickly. Much quicker than twenty minutes.

[@Springbok295]

I remember flying into AMS in August '83 on an Austrian DC-9. There were NLM F-28s and F-27s galore.

[@TheAutisticOwl]

"Don't demonetise me, that is just how you say the name." KZbin hopefully: "Understandable have a nice day"

[@WG55]

The algorithm: "🤖 BEEP! This Fokker is now demonetized."

[@advorak8529]

KZbin: “Understandable, have a nice day, you have now been demonetised”

[@Abgilosby]

Focke-Wulf: *Exists* KZbin: And I took that personally

[@titan4110]

It's Fokker, which sounds even worse.

[@cpt_nordbart]

Try watch a french documentary about seals

[@dmav522]

@@cpt_nordbart as a Canadian french speaker I can wholeheartedly agree lol!

[@macaylacayton2915]

I mean Fokker was just a plane used by Germany in WW1 and made by a dutch guy called Anthony Herman Gerard. I see very little problem.

[@lisablack2389]

I take your upside down cross very personally!!!

[@timofthomas]

About 21 years ago I was flying into what is now an Airbus site on a small BAE Jetstream - we landed through a thunderstorm - only myself and the pilot on that leg. The weather radar screen was completely red. After we taxied off the runway the pilot glances at me in a mirror and asks if I am ok - then says the immortal words, "People pay for rides like that at Blackpool." Never been on a flight like it since and very glad it was just the two of us.

[@briandavies1910]

Flying from Dubai to Jakarta on Emerates, landing during a thunderstorm is scary, adding the dark cloud, and flashing of the 🌩 and that turblance was the worst I experienced.

[@timh9537]

Hey Douglas. I gotta say it's pretty amazing seeing how far this channel has come. I've been here since you had something like 12K subs, and back then I honestly wouldn't have thought you'd make it this far. You clearly had a passion but you didn't seem to have the chops to draw people in, but I quickly noticed that you were open to criticism and worked hard to improve your speech skills, and I've noticed a steady improvement ever since. If I had just now found your channel I would think you just had a natural talent, that you were always this good. Congrats on reaching 100K, you earned every last one of em.

[@AIRDRAC]

My worst turbulence was in the jet stream flying from NYC to CPH (Copenhagen, Denmark). It lasted a full three hours, where the plane jerked around so much that only the seatbelts kept us from flying from our seats, even causing negative G-forces at times! Naturally, it started while I was in the bathroom..

[@kickedinthecalfbyacow7549]

NYC?

[@AIRDRAC]

@@kickedinthecalfbyacow7549 New York City :)

[@kickedinthecalfbyacow7549]

@@AIRDRAC oh, that should be JFK, or EWR, or LGA.

[@danieleregoli812]

@@kickedinthecalfbyacow7549 NYC is 100% correct, it's the city's IATA code for the New York Metropolitan area, absolutely nothing wrong with that. Don't be pedantic.

[@kickedinthecalfbyacow7549]

@@danieleregoli812 so you don’t know where you flew from, you must be really smart 😂

[@advorak8529]

“… flew into a Tornado” - and I was going, ‘yeah, that’d be bad, low level midair with a supersonic plane …’ (the Panavia kind of Tornado)

[@BigBlueJake]

My first thought, too.

[@smitsduncan100]

I'm dutch and i love aviation, but i never knew this happened... Thank you for this story!!

[@whoever6458]

I used to live in Perú and I would fly back to visit my family in the US periodically so I flew over the tropical conversion area along the equator pretty often. On one such occasion, the plane I was on flew too close to a hurricane. There was a bunch of turbulence and the plane was in the process of deviating further around the hurricane when we suddenly had no lift at all and we were just falling from the sky. Everything that wasn't stuck down started floating. We started out at like 35,000 feet so I knew that there was quite a bit of time before we'd just fall into the ocean but it was still unnerving. We were probably like that for a good minute before you could feel the lift coming back onto the wings. That's the worst turbulence I've ever been in probably but not the most dangerous. On another occasion, I was on a plane trying to land at Dallas-Forth Worth in terrible thunderstorms. There was turbulence all the way down to the ground and then the wind blew us first to one side and then the other, both times looking like we nearly struck the wing on the runway. But the pilots managed to force the plane down when it was level and we landed. It was such a harrowing landing that everyone clapped. The turbulence on that one wasn't as violent as on the one over the tropics, but we were definitely in more danger just because of our proximity to the ground.

[@scootermom1791]

Wow! You're very fortunate to be alive... especially after the first instance which sounds more dangerous than the second even though I understand that the 2nd was actually more dangerous.

[@atharvanene3435]

Congrats on 100k mate, really enjoyed your video on AIX 1344.

[@Aranimda]

NLM CityHopper was subsidiary of KLM and is since rebranded as KLM CityHopper.

[@Ozymandias1]

It stood for Nederlandse Luchtvaartmaatschappij (Dutch airline company). I took a plane like this to London in 1977 when I was still a child, Got a tour of the cockpit (which is unimaginable today).

[@peterdekker8545]

​ @Mini Air Crash Investigation I was wondering when (or: if) any of the numerous plane crash channels on KZbin would make a video about this quite (even in The Netherlands) unknown crash. Glad to see that someone finally did! Well done!

[@stanislavkostarnov2157]

I think, stay away from these kinds of storms was always the method most used, & still is to this day... even if you see them, those systems change far too fast for anyone to deal with; the only thing is, they were never really a thing of concern for aviators in Europe and pilots were not properly trained to recognize them.

[@johandeboer1937]

They saw the storm, they avoided it, but there was a 2nd storm invisible on their radar, and that caught them...

[@bhercock]

Great video. Thanks for outlining the science behind it. I had never heard about this before. Thanks for your amazing channel bro!

[@generalscoob9095]

Congratulations on 100,000 subscribers! You deserve it! 😀👍

[@themonasterio11]

Just getting better. Keep on the good work!! Greetings from Brazil!!

[@danilon3121]

Thanks for another solid video. I love seeing things that I haven't come across before.

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Glad I could help!

[@ziggyzap1]

I love Fokker aircraft, I wish they were still in business

[@asteverino8569]

Thanks for the episode. Scary stuff 😮 Liked the information you gave at the end too.

[@dryphtyr]

I fly often for work. This is one of my favorite channels. Keep up the great work.

[@RupertReynolds1962]

In Holland, Fokker is often pronounced with the "O" like the "ow" in "flow", because it sounds bad otherwise :-)

[@normaal4663]

Ehhh , no ..... we just pronounce it as it is with the ''O'' like in stOrm. I live close to where the factory was on Schiphol airport ( eastside ) and never heard anybody say Fo(ow)kker. However , there are some words within the English and Dutch language which sound the same but have a very different meaning. For example ''can you see me ?'' will be in Dutch ''kunt u mij zien ?" The same meaning for can an kunt in the fitting language but vice versa not...

[@mjouwbuis]

@@normaal4663 Fokker (the occupation that was used as a last name) and fucker very likely come frome the same ethymological origin, someone who breeds (cattle, pets, etc.)

[@Ozymandias1]

@@mjouwbuis There is a funny anecdote of when Dutch foreign minister Joseph Luns visited JFK in the Whitehouse in the early 60s. JFK asked him: Do you have any hobbies? Luns answered: I fok horses JFK exclaimed: Pardon? Luns enthusiastically said: Yes, paarden! (paarden is Dutch for horses).

[@redberry7606]

the Dutch are so proper

[@philhughes3882]

In Britain, the 'o' is pronounced with a distinctive 'u' sound, - and we talk about them very frequently indeed. (As Roger Melly can testify).

[@JosieJOK]

Congrats on 100,000! Well deserved!

[@fallandbounce]

On a flight north out of Charlotte a decade ago was where I learned that there isn't much you can do as a passenger when your plane drops. Several times in a short period we fell quickly. The fuselage expanded and contracted twice, as we held our breath. No one screamed, but a couple folks did say "hold on". The g's pin you.

[@thinlineofsanity1035]

I had a flight from Bahamas back to FL, and it had the worse turbulence i had ever experienced. If you didnt have your belt on youd have been thrown out of your seat, and seriously injured. I dont do well with flying so i had a complete breakdown crying, hyperventilating, panic attack. These aholes behind me saw this and started saying "we're going down" "we're all gonna d×e" 😡 Other passengers gave them h×ll over it, rightly so. I never want to experience that again.

[@lolbots]

@@thinlineofsanity1035 you big baby

[@solomonojong1062]

@@thinlineofsanity1035 😂😂

[@scootermom1791]

​@thinlineofsanity1035 that's terrifying! I was on a charter flight with my infant daughter a week before the 9/11 attacks. The pilots flew through a storm, and we had the worst turbulence I'd ever felt. I was so afraid we were going to die! The weird thing is most passengers were calm as if it were no big deal. Thankfully they didn't berate me for having a huge panic attack- including hyperventilating. I just kept thinking about not being able to raise my little daughter and how sad that was. The people who were mean to you were lower than dirt IMO! I'm glad others were nicer to you than they were.

[@scootermom1791]

​@@lolbotsyou're no better than the jerks who were on the plane. I bet they wouldn't have been laughing as soon as the plane went down if that had happened!

[@timmack2415]

Congratulations on 100,000 subs!👏🏼👏🏼

[@scottmitchell1741]

Great video as usual and congratulations on 100K subs!!

[@commerce-usa]

Worst weather flight happened on a flight from San Francisco to Denver. Night time, clear skies. The clear air turbulence hit with surprising force first dropping the flight suddenly then shoving it back. Then suddenly side to side. Continued for a few minutes. Several overhead bin doors burst open, belongings flying through the cabin, much screaming. Not pretty. Oddly, was not that bothered because it was so clear how there was nothing that could be done and thankfully had a seatbelt on. Almost like an amusement park ride. Surreal.

[@Double0pi]

Thanks for this video! I hadn't heard of this crash before.

[@wafikiri_]

In 1979, I was a pilot student. Two of us were flying solo in a one-engine plane, one of our first flights with no instructor on board. When we took off for a three-hour-long round flight, weather had been fine, just a bit windy. But as the afternoon developed, a cold front invaded the area. We flew under a solid ceiling of cumulonimbi, with heavy rain and heavy turbulence, and we were soon being pulled up by strong updrafts, then we throttled off, extended the undercarrriage and adopted the emergency diving nose-down attitude, but couldn't avoid a several-thousand-feet-per-minute climb rate; but next, we were falling at a similar rate, with a clean aerodynamic configuration and full throttle, and of course as much nose-up as we could; only at about 200 or 300 ft above the ground could we recover, only to restart again the same cycle. So, it was a terrifying one-hour-long yo-yo flight until we could return to the aerodrome and finally land after the cold front had passed. We were very lucky that no ice had struck us. Good airplane engineering probably saved our lives too, as the plane was not structurally damaged.

[@alskdjfhg0]

Long time watcher. Congrats on 100k dude!!

[@fionakronert5060]

My husband is a Cargo Pilot,,,, so here we go, Early years flying commuters around 1990, flying from St Louis to Decatur, Illinois, at night there was a large thunderstorm just north of the field. No indication of weather blocking the path to the runway, could see the runway from ten miles out. Suddenly the sky turns black, and the airport and runway disappear. The turbulence was severe and instruments in the cockpit that were four inches in diameter looked to be twelve inches from the rapid shaking, we had flown into a roll cloud, seconds passed like minutes, but we probably in all reality flew out of it in no more than ten or twelve seconds. The runway was again visible, the tower told us there had been a ninety degree wind shift and instructed us to land on a crossing runway, immediately after touchdown all the runway lights went out and we stopped on the runway while a conveniently positioned Sheriffs car drove out, and thankfully guided us into the parking ramp. A category 4 tornado had just touched down on the north east side of Decatur which caused the whole town and airport to black out entirely. No injuries or damage to the airframe, but we were all rapidly whisked into the terminal and a makeshift shelter.... (he's talking, I'm typing) So to close, as he says, it was an excellent landing, no damage and the plane was still airworthy.

[@Glen.Danielsen]

Outstanding graphics. And narration! 💛🙏🏼

[@c128stuff]

Hey, thanks for this. I remember this accident (it wasn't very far from where I lived back then) but never really knew what happened there.

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Glad I could help ☺️

[@Ananth8193]

Awesome to see your videos...... Great work man ❤️❤️❤️

[@RoscoRide]

Just came up on this channel great In-depth explanation and well spoken

[@bartskinthepro3138]

Really big congrats to you for hitting 100.000 subs!

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Thank you!

[@bjornleonhenry9750]

oh yes, a new upload, we love your videos bro!

[@markberry8588]

Thanks for another bedtime story! Hello from Australia 🇦🇺 congrats on 100k

[@SuperNuclearUnicorn]

He uploades at a perfect time for us Aussies gives me a nice easy option for what to listen to as I doze off. Just casually hearing about the deaths of dozens of people as I pay my cat and fall asleep...

[@renedehilster5735]

A minor thing: This flight started at Zestienhoven (now called Rotterdam - The Hague Airport) near Rotterdam and was bound for Hamburg with a stopover at Eindhoven. The map showed at the start of the video shows Amsterdam and further on in the video you reversed the route.

[@Al_Sa_Ku]

Your knowledge sharing is very important for us and thanks a lot for it ☺️

[@brownman2.037]

congratulations on 100k! I been watching you since 50k

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Thank you so much for your support!

[@brownman2.037]

@@MiniAirCrashInvestigation no problem! :D

[@gregbowen617]

I remember flying back from Thursday Island in the Torres Straight between Australia and New Guinea and the turbulence was frightening. Ironically it was in a Fokker F27 … absolutely scary bouncing around up there.

[@Franktilson]

Always love your videos!!!

[@blakena4907]

Holy crap, you finally hit 100K subs! Congrats man!!

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Thank you!

[@ljre3397]

This was excellent. Thanks yet again.

[@mozsab]

Congrats on the 100k!!

[@ryankenyon5010]

Great video. Reminds me of the Braniff crash in Nebraska in the 1960s.

[@TravelFilming]

Have been flying for 35 years now and I once in mid 2001 was on an Air Exel Embraer ERJ145 (daytime) flight from Munich to Maastricht. Before boarding we were told that there were severe thunderstorms en-route but that the pilots knew and would navigate around them. Unfortunately 20 minutes into the flight, we all of a sudden found ourselves in the midst of it and we got the plane ride of a lifetime. I was sitting in the front row and suddenly saw and heard all kind of bells and chimes going off before the pilots slammed the cockpit door shut (this was pre 911 when oftentimes the doors would be kept open during the flight). The next moment the plane felt like a tin can being kicked around the schoolyard and people started shouting and praying. The stewardess just made it into her seat opposite mine and looked very worried. As a twenty some dude I grabbed a newspaper and with one hand clutched to the armrest (to remain seated) I prentended to be reading and appear unfazed. In my head though I was seriously expecting we might not make it down in one piece. After a white knuckle ride of about 5-10 minutes we pulled out and safely landed. Apparantly the storm had moved and unbeknownst we had flown straight into it. The plane had been struck by lightning and the interior looked like a mess but we walked.

[@scootermom1791]

Wow!

[@minxythemerciless]

I flew in F28s in the early 1980s. The only issue was someone forgot to latch the passenger door and it sprang open on take-off. Interesting landing :-) But the worst turbulence was in a BAE-146 going through an extremely strong cold front. It was a magnificent aircraft. It was tossed to and fro, up and down, left and right, engines spooling up and down to compensate I never felt more sure of my aircraft and pilot than that time.

[@claytonhollowell4488]

Worst turbulence? El Paso to Las Vegas... got out and kissed the ground after that, and I wasn't the only one. Scariest moment though was a landing in Raleigh NC, and looked out my window to see the runway rushing by underneath, at nearly a 90 degree angle to the front of the plane. Pilot put the throttle to max in a hurry and some people were screaming.

[@matthendricks9666]

We once did an approach to Delhi International airport with an Airbus A330. There was no TS in the area but scattered highly convective clouds forming tower-like sctructures. Less than 1 NM in width but up to 15000 ft in heigth. Cumulus Castellanus. The entire sky was full of them. It was pitchblack night, the radar was not able to detect those slim but tall clouds and it was impossible to circumfly them as well. Every time we went through such a cloud it felt like a truck crashed into the airplane. A sudden hard hit...and that was it. 2 or 3 times the autopilot disconnected as well. People were screaming at each " impact" and even some FAs thought that this was it. The plane took no damage and everyone was okay. But most certainly plenty of pants had to be changed after landing.

[@burliesanford1863]

In the early 80's I was on a American Airlines 737 flight from Denver Co. to Tulsa Ok. We landed during a Tornado warning at at Tulsa and let me tell you that 737 was getting bounced around pretty bad . Without a doubt the worst flight experience I've ever had . Thank God for good pilots .

[@torgeirbrandsnes1916]

Great vlog as always!

[@martine-e-dee]

A very educational video! Thank you for it!

[@dougstory2285]

Great job Sir! I love your videos!

[@vonmazur1]

The worst turbulence? Vietnam in 1969, massive thunderstorms where we flew in the Mekong Delta. The usual procedure was to fly around the cells, which were often discrete and quite easy to spot. Several times helicopters were hit by lighting strikes, all that I know of, survived with only minimal damage.

[@Morpheus-pt3wq]

My worst turbulence was each time, when i was a passenger in my father´s car. He can only drive fast or faster, ignores all limits and even well-being of his passengers. The more curvy roads, the worse it was...

[@petermeuller7355]

😂😂 Sounds german

[@gasdive]

It's worth remembering that a car can't apply more than 1g (usually less) of braking or cornering force. So this is more than 6 times the worse ride you've ever had (unless you've crashed)

[@petermeuller7355]

@@gasdive Not more than 1G… I can clearly see you never had a ride with me 😂

[@gasdive]

@@petermeuller7355 you drive an F1 car?

[@zerobeat2020]

Worst turbulence I have ever encountered was in a Loganair Saab 340 from Stornoway to Inverness after stormy weather. We had a few times negative g on that flight, with clear air between my bottom and the seat. not pleasant, but I have a lot of respect for the pilots and the Saab 340.

[@filonru]

In the 90s I was once on a Fokker 50 from Brussels to Amsterdam Schiphol. Flight was more than an hour late already because of bad weather (force 7 winds, rain) but eventually we departed from Brussels and hit the storm just before landing in Amsterdam. Seemed the aircraft was bouncing in all directions and I was beginning to really feel uncomfortable. Looking around to see how the other passengers (not that many, the plane was half empty) were doing I noticed that the lady behind me had her eyes closed and was moving a rosary through her hands while praying . . . We made it into Amsterdam without a scratch but after that unpleasant event I always took the train or rented a car for the Amsterdam-Brussels segment. Nowadays Cityhopper are using the Embraer which is a totally different experience.

[@robertgotschall1246]

I flew from San Diego to Las Vegas in 1968. It was a prop job and we had severe turbulence the entire flight. the stewardesses remained buckled up except to hand out barf bags. This was my first flight ever and the worst flight I have ever had, even compared to several flights in four place Cessnas across the Rockies.

[@miesteryt]

100K bro you did it🔥🔥🔥

[@luancervantes6124]

congrats on 100k!

[@LMays-cu2hp]

Thank you for sharing.

[@LMays-cu2hp]

Bless all the passengers and flight crew on this aircraft...

[@TheaSvendsen]

This was a very interesting and slightly different kind of mini air crash investigation - would you perhaps consider doing a series of sorts about the accidents/crashes that shaped present day aviation safety the most? It would also be really interesting to know more about the way things worked back then, in the beginning. I mean, we all know people smoked on planes etc but there’s just sooo much more!

[@MiniAirCrashInvestigation]

Yeah definitely!

[@erictaylor5462]

My dad was a GA pilot growing up, and it was quite common for our family to fly if we were traveling more than a couple hundred miles. I'm not sure what the worst turbulence was, but if the luggage in the back wasn't flying around we typically called it mild turbulence. My parents were flying once with one of the other partners who owned the plane and his wife, giving the guy a flying lesson (dad was a CFI). At one point of a very remote section of the Rocky Mountains they hit a bit of turbulence and the wife freaked out. With pure adrenalin strength she managed to get the door open and very nearly jumped out of the plane. They were able to get the woman calmed down but Dad performed an emergency landing to get the woman on the ground. Sadly, the other partner had to buy out of the partnership. Small planes are a lot more susceptible to turbulence and much more likely to encounter it. The air down low can be very unstable but up high it is pretty smooth.

[@darrencoles4894]

I really enjoyed it, I have 1900 hours flying the Fokker F28 1000 & 4000 series as a 1st Officer. I miss the F28, a fantastic jet.

[@javasrevenge7121]

I remember this one, I worked for a shipping company, a manager died who worked for the Headoffice in Hamburg. Some managers from our office in Rotterdam went to his funeral with this plane and died also.

[@Eruthian]

Worst turbulence I had was during my training for gliders liscence. Our field had a huge forest on one side, slightly elevated towards the field aswell. So when the wind came slightly from that direction the air used to be pretty turbulent over the field. Caught me completly off guard on one of my first approaches there, thankfully my instructer interveened quick. But damn, that plane dropped like a stone for a brief moment. Still not to much of a story, so maybe I could tell one on behalf of my father, who was a glider pilote for roughly 50 years and started in the late sixties. He often with shiney eyes told me that story of that one flight he had with his instructor. They wanted to participate in a competition for fun in an old wooden double seater. Once they were at altitude a thunderstorm came through behind them, pushing into the direction of their destination. Back then glider pilotes still were riding thunderstorms, something I already was told not to do^^ They basicly surfed the front of the storm in heavy turbulences and by that managed to get 4th place in a totally outmatched plane^^ evertime dad tells this story, I have the feeling, it was the ride of his life^^

[@guitarsarelikestupid7200]

In 1985 my parents took me and my two siblings to visit relatives in the UK and go on a bus tour of France. The plane was a Pan Am 747. Two weeks later on our way back on a similar Pan Am 747 we flew through turbulence so bad over the Atlantic that cabin phones were flying off of their hooks onto the floor and a beverage cart overturned leaving broken glass on the floor. The cabin crew were forced to return to their seats and our lunch service was delayed quite awhile. I remember looking out onto the left wing and it was flapping like a bird's. People were crying and screaming. I just remember being excited. I was 15 after all.

[@dell177]

In the 80's i was on a commuter jet coming into Logan Int in Boston, there was a bit of buffeting on the flight from NYC but nothing really severe. As we came down to Logan the pilot was having trouble keeping the plane level due to wind sheer, the plane was being buffeted pretty badly. Just as we touched down a strong gust shook the plane and one wing tip scraped the runway but the pilot managed to counteract that and we got to the gate ok. i was one of the last passengers off that flight and back then they had portable bars set up around the terminal and I decided to grab a drink and let the crowd dissipate. The pilot and copilot were at the bar and I thanked them for a job well done

[@mce_AU]

Nicely told.

[@cargopilot747]

Nice to see you've got 100K subscribers now.

[@Ztbmrc1]

I am from the Netherlands and I was 15 years back in 1981. I have never heard of this crash! And I could have helped you with translating the the Dutch report. This must have been big in the news. And I have seen a lot of episodes of Air Crash Investigation. This crash was not in one of them. But the Hercules crash at Eindhoven Airport on 15 july 1996 wasn't on ACI either. Thanks for sharing this. Just a remark, on the map at the beginning Amsterdam is set as origin, not Rotterdam.

[@scootermom1791]

I actually found this video because I had wondered if a plane had ever flown into a tornado. I'm surprised Air Crash Investigation didn't cover this crash. I guess they only cover ones that have more passengers. Then again, they have had at least a couple of episodes regarding cargo planes, so I don't know. I haven't heard of the other flight you mentioned. I'm going to have to look it up.

[@Ztbmrc1]

@@scootermom1791 ok.

[@lawrencebrandstetter1133]

I took a 421A cessna thru a T storm at FL180. 93F on the ground, ran into ice at altitude. Wings level, dropped to maneuvering speed, didn’t worry about altitude. No damage to airframe…..quite a ride. That old bird held together pretty well.

[@57Jimmy]

Me being an AAIB, TSB, NTSB and every other accident investigation junkie, I thought I had seen them all... NOPE! Thanks for bringing this one to my fascination of aircraft accidents and mishaps!

[@verabolton]

I've watched the wrong videos up to this time. I can recall people saying that it was practically impossible for a passenger plane to brake it's wing due to weather. Then here you are. Once I flew from Belfast to Manchester during a hurricane. We made an emergeny descending above the sea before crossing the coastline. Food was collected, flight atendants set down, all seatbelts on. The plane put it's nose down and I though we were going to crush head down into the ocean. But the real fun was only about to start above the land. I remember watching the wing moving violently and I said to myself "don't worry, they said it cannot break". But I was sure we were going to land wing first, the plane was all over the place. There was a deadly silence in the cabin, I only heard the sound of people vomiting. During landing I saw a white stuff covering the runway, and the wind was blowing it everywhere - I thought it was some kind of foam for an unknown emergency. My friend told me later that it was a hailstorm. Didn't know planes were supposed to fly and land in such condition. I guess money speaks and they risk until they fail.

[@jackseymour1757]

Brilliant resume!

[@lucasakachubby8694]

congrats on 100k