Misunderstood Moments in History - Cleopatra's Egypt

[@chrisplacido4737]

It's crazy how, when Julius Caesar visited Egypt, the pyramids were already 2500 years old.

[@Novusod]

Egypt was one of the most long lasting cultures on the planet spanning 30 centuries. People have a hard time wrapping their head around the shear amount of time that is. The Ptolemaic dynasty alone lasted longer than the entire history of the United States. The Ptolemaic dynasty ruled Egypt for 275 years between 305BC to 30BC while the US is only 241 years old. The Pharos Lighthouse was already 240 years old when Julius Caesar first set eyes on it. Egypt is timeless they say. One of the biggest misunderstandings is that Egypt also did Not end with the death of Cleopatra. The original Egyptian culture continued to thrive under Roman provincial governors. The temples to the old gods were still maintained and the religion itself gained new converts throughout the empire. Shrines dedicated to cult of Isis were particularly popular in Roman cities and spreading as far away as Londinium (London) and Parasii (Paris). The city of Alexandria continued to be a center of learning and trade. Egypt was by far the wealthiest province in all of the Roman empire. Egypt was still thriving 5 centuries Ceopatra's death while Rome itself was being sacked by Barbarians. Cultural death of Egypt did not occur until the Islamic conquests in the 7th century when the both the language and classical religion were outlawed.

[@chrisplacido4737]

Novusod Egypt was so wealthy as a province that Augustus made it the personal property of the Emperors.

[@NyAppyMiku22]

chris placido much older than that.

[@AnubisGeb]

Novusod not 257 years the Kemet(the original name off Egypt, stand for "black land because of thr.black people that lived and rules there till the year of 650 a.d.) culture was 5000 years old whit more than 25 dynasties

[@kaiserwilhelmii674]

chris placido when The old kingdom was around there were still mammoths roaming the wild. Crazy right.

[@rv186rs]

Cleopatra's line did not end with her as you said. Her daughter and youngest two sons, her children with Mark Antony, outlived her and their father and where brought back to Rome were they where raised in Octavian/Augustus' household, and while of the two sons one most likely died from disease relatively early and the fate of the other is almost entirely unknown the daughter, Cleopatra Selene II, however grew up and was married to Juba II, who had also been raised in Augustus' home and further was the heir to the Roman client kingdom Mauritania. After their marriage that couple ruled Mauritania from Caesarea(modern Cherchell, Algeria) and had one son, Ptolemy of Mauretania. He was the king famously lured to Rome and executed by Caligula, but he also left a daughter, Drusilla. Drusilla was first married to a Greek named Antonius Felix, but was later divorced by him as he fell in love with another woman, Drusillas second marriage was then with the Priest King of Emesa Sohaemus. Drusillas descendants then became the Royal family of Emesa, who while they where eventually stripped of their royal status when Emessa was absorbed into the Roman province of Syria maintained their hereditary position as high priests of the Sun God Elagabalus. This until one of daughter, Julia Domna, of this family was prophesied to be destined to marry a future king, a man named Septimius Severus allegedly heard this legend and tracke her down and married her. She bore him two sons, today known to us as Caracalla and Geta, and following year of the five emperors Septimius Severus came out as the founder of the Sevaran dynasty. When he died Caracalla and Geta inherited the Roman empire and after them the grandchildren of Julia Domnas sister, Julia Maesa, Elagabalus and Alexander Severus also got their turns as Emperors. Alexander Severus is then generally being viewed as the last Emperor of the Principate, meaning a direct descendant of Cleopatra saw the end of the Imperial order established by the man responsible for her death.

[@nils191]

*Plot twist*

[@costasvrettakos]

wow

[@philipk4475]

Impressive

[@OverwhelmingUnderachievement]

Can we be friends?

[@Fish4Man61]

You sir, won the internet for today. It is just a shame we can't track lineages like that very well to the present day.

[@tigertankerer]

So funny that Egypt stopped to be "Egyptian" so long ago, and it changed dominant culture so many times. First it became Greek, then Roman, and now is Arabic.

[@Stamboul]

Even when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, the dominant culture was Greek, as elsewhere in the eastern Mediterranean (including southern Italy). In Rome itself the better educated citizens spoke Greek - Caesar's last words are reported to have been in that language, not Latin, in spite of what Shakespeare might tell you. The Romans were well aware of their own cultural debt to Greece, and understood that a person familiar with Hellenic culture (whether ethnically Greek or not) could not be Romanized in the same manner as, say, a Rhenish rustic for whom a provincial Roman town was the height of sophistication. Ironically, they fancied themselves descended of the Trojans in the "Iliad," and thus, in a way, as the ultimate anti-Greeks; it was a point of pride for them to have surpassed the nation of Homer, Themistocles, Herodotus, Plato, Alexander, and Pyrrhus.

[@hh.......3245]

We are egyptian... Its just Defficult culture🙂💔

[@polamoussa722]

Why is that funny?

[@JaKingScomez]

@@polamoussa722 becayse Egypt is seen as the ancient culture thats been around for thousands of years when in reality that hasnt been the case for thousands of years as they adopted Greek, Roman, Ottoman, now arabian culture.

[@jeremyhanton4467]

Water has the same properties

[@aaronmoreno8918]

Oh by the way Cleopatra and Marc Antony's lineage did not disappear. One of her daughter's, her name was Cleopatra Selene 8th was married off to a King from North Africa, the Mauritanian Kingdom. Then there descendants were married off to the Palmyran Kingdom of Syria. Then some of the Palmyran descendants married Roman Senators. So Cleopatra and Marc Antony descendants live on in the Syrian People and Italian People.

[@InvictaHistory]

Aaron Moreno thanks for posting that, I actually hadn't heard it before

[@everythingiseconomics9742]

I'm 1/4 Italian. Does this mean I might be 1/tons of numbers Cleopatra?

[@marquelethenstrom1103]

You ASSUME that none of these descendents were killed off in the endless wars in Europe and Asia Minor. Do you have evidence to support your claims?

[@jaxonkight4227]

Mr Doctor Professor Patrick might, but in a court of law you won't.

[@ravezon]

Marque Lethenstrom well marc antony didnt really have any claim whatsoever to the throne. So theres no point to kill the whole family. The only one that have claim to the throne is ceasar and cleo's son. Mark just someone who happen to befriend ceasar before he is killed. Something like that.

[@savagesavant4964]

Those North African Elephants were called "woodland, bush or forest elephants". And, they were thought extinct for many yrs. However, several yrs ago a wildlife biologist studying Saharan Elephants noticed that there was a group of what he called "pygmy elephants" that would stay in the woods whilst the others would venture out during the day. Later, it was discovered that these were likely the last remnants of the North African Woodland Elephant that had been extensively used for labor & warfare by N. Africans & others across the Mediterranean. The same type of elephant that served the Carthaginian generals like, Hannibal Barca so well in Iberia. It's thought that, by secluding themselves within the N. African forest amongst the vital creeks & streams which sustained them, they were generally protected from further exploitation & also total extinction.

[@jakobschoning7355]

Oh, never heard about the possible surviving north african elephants, very interesting, thanks!

[@savagesavant4964]

@@jakobschoning7355 yep, np. And btw, very few people have heard of them.

[@JCDenton3]

@@savagesavant4964 It's probably best that way, poor things. Terrible part of the world to be stuck in right now, hope they are not exploited and wiped out.

[@savagesavant4964]

@@JCDenton3 def not easy to survive there

[@jaybellsaoi1228]

I'm so glad that somebody else realizes how long Egypt's history stretches for, like with Cleopatra living closer to our time than the construction of the Pyramids of Giza. I just love these kind of things!

[@Youssef-iq4wq]

@@stevenwan9561 Egypt, greece, china and idia

[@stevenwan9561]

Youssef Nah not really Greece as it is a combination of Babylonian and ancient Mesopotamia culture, but India yes.

[@lucamara6424]

Ikr? It’s crazy! I never learned that in school...or I didn’t pay attention enough😬

[@bigbrothersinnerparty297]

@@stevenwan9561 India started in the 900s BC when the Indo Aryans came and settled and the last Indus remnants got destroyed. Persia is probably older than India through this

[@michaelangelo7431]

The pyramids had nothing to do with the Egyptians. But I get you

[@blackcoat7175]

Man I love Assassin's Creed Oranges

[@righthook5789]

Titus Bruticus origins

[@blackcoat7175]

Oh really?

[@lailah4254]

Sum Lum No, I’m pretty sure it’s oranges. 🤔

[@khangb3]

Sum Lum r/woooosh

[@SebAnders]

Those are the sweetest, juiciest oranges. Just look out for a hooded man whispering... *requiescat in pace*

[@BetaProductionz]

Caesar and Mark Anthony: “guys she’s actually really cool and smart” Roman contemporaries: “IF SHE BREATHES SHES A THOT”

[@niceguy1853]

"Thot, guys, cool and she" werent words back then

[@niceguy1853]

@@4zap7 not sure if you're serious, but please get some help. Thot isn't even a word, it's cultural slang and Julius Caesar didn't write the Bible? Just please see a psychologist or something, I'm worried about you.

[@fabianhale845]

@@4zap7 knock it off.

[@kraanz]

@@niceguy1853 Go download a sense of humor, you moron.

[@grantbarnes3678]

BetaProductionz: "guys im actually really cool and smart" Contemporaries: "You don't even seem to know the standard spelling of a name in your 'joke.' Also, Roman patriarchy did nothing wrong."

[@LEGOMAN1319]

It honestly makes me love the AC series more that the developer and publisher sponsored a video so fans of the game, and non fans, could understand everything in it. Props.

[@blockmasterscott]

Wow, I love the nuts and bolts of government in the Classical Age, never get tired of it.

[@InvictaHistory]

blockmasterscott it is super fascinating indeed! The whole egyptian economy itself is super detailed, Historia Civilis did a great video on it

[@zedek_]

You should also check out Extra Credits bronze age vids.

[@blockmasterscott]

Zedek oh I’m subscribed there. Awesome KZbin channel!

[@AydenMillersBohawks]

blockmasterscott is the day you get to your house and get your Christmas present from your family and friends and family and friends family and family friends and family and friends and family friends and friends family and friends and family and friends family and family friends and family and friends and family friends and friends family and friends and family and friends family and family friends and family and friends and family friends and friends family and friends and family and friends family and family friends and family and friends and family friends and friends family and friends and family and friends family and family friends and family and friends and family friends and friends family and friends and all family family friends family family love you merry merry and wonderful happy happy Christmas happy happy new merry merry happy birthday merry merry happy merry merry new Christmas hope you’re happy Birthday was the Christmas and merry merry happy happy Birthday I love my family so much and hope to you have a great day love y’all hope you’re happy to be with you soon love y’all hope you’re happy and your happy Birthday hope you are having wonderful friends you have to do a good Christmas Day you and your family have fun thanks for the Christmas Christmas and Christmas Day the way you are having

[@momkymmann6553]

hi i hope you have a nice day and night and day out of the week fall fallen in love with you and your family and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and family members and friends and relatives of my friends list and a half hour or so and so on the surface of the week fall fallen in love with you and your family is the most popular of my friends list and a lot to do the fishstick to get a chance to get a chance to get a chance to get a free online game and a lot to do the fishstick to the ki the shame on you to be the best way to get the best dad

[@aericreates6425]

HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!!!!!!!!

[@cristhianramirez6939]

Shame on the ptholemaic house,SHAME

[@achillesrodriguezxx3958]

Caesar: Shame, Shame on the house of Ptolemy The Eunuch: But...but... he was your enemyCaesar: HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!!!!

[@180791sanguinius]

"Α Consul of Rome...to die in this sordid way....quartered like some low thief. SHAME!" Man, is Ciaran Hinds the best Caesar or what.

[@deancamp5408]

He was part of the rebel alliance, and a traitor.

[@MrK2890]

Ciaran Hinds is great in general.

[@charlieapples9373]

*Cleopatra’s Brother:* I’m the real ruler of Egypt. *Cleopatra:* Then why do our coins have my face on them? 😎

[@abdimojo8794]

He was a child, only 10 years old. She on the other hand was 17/18.

[@thegamelabgaming7556]

abdi mojo still pretty badass

[@fabianhale845]

@Antares Those weren’t Roman coins.

[@succurro]

I was taking a class in this very topic back in college and it reignited my passion for history. It's nice to see you guys shed some light on this topic as well.

[@SkullCollectorD5]

Gotta say, I don't care much for the gameplay content on Invicta, but I knew subbing for the history was more than worth it. Brilliant video, love the mix of artwork and ingame shots.

[@Kasaix]

Another bit of interesting trivia: The Ancient Greek word Hellas (Ἑλλάς, Ellás) is the original word for Greece, from which the word "Hellenistic" was derived.

[@giannisv.4472]

Actually even today Greece's official name is Hellenic Republic

[@SAVARImedia]

It also is the greek word for 'light'

[@ΑντώνιοςΕυάγγελοςΒασιλειάδης]

@@SAVARImedia are you sure? last time I checked it light in Greek is Φώς.

[@SAVARImedia]

@@ΑντώνιοςΕυάγγελοςΒασιλειάδης you are absolutely right. I stand corrected. I was confused with the German word for bright which is Hell. Thanks for the correction!

[@ΑντώνιοςΕυάγγελοςΒασιλειάδης]

@@SAVARImedia No problem. Happy I was usefull!

[@carlosportales8388]

I would love a video about the Aztecs! The way you explain everything on each video is perfect! Keep up the good work!

[@kevinspee7013]

Carlos Portales Indians in general are awesome

[@rejvaik00]

Yes please do a video explaining how the Mexica (the reigning tribe of Mesoamerican natives who people often confuse as the Aztecs, the word "Aztec" was a generic term for people) were brutal overlords to the other Mesoamerican neighboring tribes and extorted them for food, tribute and slaves. The slaves were used for both human labor, as Mesoamerican natives had no knowledge of the wheel, and as blood sacrifices. That's right *slavery was present in the Americas long before Europeans arrived.* What's further is that those tribes who fought against the Mexica with Cortes such as *the Tlaxcalans were actually rewarded by King Charles V of Spain and were exempted from various laws.* This was done of course after Cortes had died, and many of his fellow conquistadors testified before the King Charles V in favor of the Native Tlaxcalans telling how their assistance was invaluable during the conquest.

[@carlosportales8388]

rejvaik that right there is way more than what I knew. Now imagine of we had a video on it :3

[@rejvaik00]

I know right there is just so much academic history that is waiting to become public knowledge and common history. Like how people could finally stop using the word "Aztec" incorrectly and start using the term "Nahua" to refer to all the Mesoamerican tribes that spoke the language Nahuatl. It was Alexander von Humbolt and William H. Prescott that incorrectly coined the term in the 19th century to refer to all Mesoamerican peoples. Yet the Atzlan myth from the Aubin Codex tells us that the god Huitzilopochtli forbade them to call themselves Azteca but were to be referred to as Mexica

[@rejvaik00]

Also the "Aztec Empire" was never "Aztec" nor an "empire" it was an alliance of city states three of them to be precise Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, Tlacopan. the alliance was formed somewhere around 1426 and pretty much dominated the valley of Mexico. the alliance was the product of a civil war fought between city-states of Azcapotzalco and Tenochtitlan

[@judechauhan6715]

KZbin: Featured game = Fallout 4 Video: Thanks to our sponsors Ubisoft who made assassins creed origins and this video is about Egypt much like the game. KZbin: Yep, definitely Fallout 4.

[@betulyakarol4194]

Dang two minutes into the video, I already wanna play CK2 and restore the Roman empire.

[@sophiaisbased9621]

Communist Banana And murdering her after you had a son to inherit her titles

[@MrK2890]

And then you remember that they just updated the game again, and you need the new 20$ DLC to play a game with all the new features balanced right. Personally CK2 stopped being fun for me sometime after Charlemagne. Feature creep kills Paradox games.

[@Vitorruy1]

Dick.Turpentine just pirate it dude

[@alalalala57]

Dick.Turpentine Nah.

[@metallijames]

Why not play Total War: Rome 2 and perpetuate it?

[@theastrogamer710]

UBUSOFT?!

[@Biestdrinker]

The Astro Gamer 😂😂😂

[@greekswaglord-dathistoryla201]

The Astro Gamer Creating the same game for atleast a decade

[@theastrogamer710]

I was just pointing out how he misspelled Ubisoft.

[@greekswaglord-dathistoryla201]

The Astro Gamer Oh ok

[@xel_los]

LOL Its showing fallout 4 instead of asscreed

[@79uhakaoT]

I’m so glad they sponsored you :) you deserve the support and recognition from a high profile company. Keep up the amazing work!

[@xcmodev1558]

Had no idea how developed and interesting Ptolemaic Egypt was. Great video

[@TaeSunWoo]

Anyone else been on an ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome binge the past couple days?

[@4-492]

yeah me because ancient somali city states used to trade with ancient egypt and won a war against the persians so i wanted to know more about my people and people from that time

[@angelinelazo9006]

Hi 😊 hope you can check my video out 💕 it's also about cleopatra kzbin.info/www/bejne/bHTbn4muf8SKb7M

[@tahahadada1936]

Am all about history regards from Libya

[@tahahadada1936]

@@angelinelazo9006 will do see you your comment section

[@bruh3128]

@Jordan & Jordan you must be so obssesed with Greece u have created a fan page. greece has 93 ehtnic greeks. North fakeadonia as 60

[@gre3nishsinx0Rgold4]

Now for some reason I'm looking forward to the selucids..

[@TheSunderingSea]

ARCHE SELEUKIA

[@matthewarmstrong1609]

Less crazy than the Ptolemies, but also less interesting

[@KamikazKid]

I find the seleucids very interesting, they were a real power in the region, in fact when the seleucids had a resurgence under Antiochus IV and started smashing the Egyptians back to Alexandria basically the only thing that saved Egypt was the Romans threatening war if they didn't turn around and go home.

[@matthewarmstrong1609]

KamikazKid definitely, it was just a joke. Haha, the only reason I said they were boring was because they were not either banging eachother or murdering eachother. They were comparably stable. The Seleucids are very interesting in their own way

[@KamikazKid]

The Ptolemies, the Kardashians of the ancient world their motto: "incest more like wincest!"

[@lisahill2727]

The artwork is so beautiful. Its making me wish i could travel back in time to spend time in ancient Egypt! Thank you for a great video!

[@larsjuh13vk]

Cleopatra wasn't egyptian... Ptolemy line was like the the Targaryens in GoT, it can't get more inbred than that. Pure greek that one.

[@stevenkothenbeutel448]

actually there is evidence that the ptolemaic dynasty interbred with Egyptians. not pure greek and they also adopted Egyptian culture and beliefs

[@fabianhale845]

+Steven kothenbeutel There is no evidence of that at all. The Ptolemies’ culture and beliefs were Hellenistic not Egyptian. They may have absorbed Egyptian cultural aspects but you make it sound like the Ptolemies just disregarded their Macedonian heritage and all of a sudden decided to be nothing but Egyptian.

[@fabianhale845]

+Jonathan Williams actually they did marry other Greeks. The Ptolemies also married amongst fellow Hellenistic kingdoms like the Seleucids. But yes the Ptolemies were incestuous for most of their reign.

[@fabianhale845]

+Jonathan Williams Didn’t Ptolemy I marry Berenike I who wasn’t related to him at all? Didn’t Ptolemy II marry Arsinoe I, daughter of Lysimachus? Didn’t Ptolemy V marry Kleopatra I, daughter of Seleucus III? I agree the rest of the dynasty practiced incest but there are examples of Ptolemaic kings marrying other Greeks.

[@ericconnor8251]

@Emmanuel: yes and no. On average Egyptians are significantly darker, more olive-toned than Greeks, although the latter are a varied bunch when it comes to phenotypes and physical features like light skin, olive skin, dark hair, light hair, etc. In either case Cleopatra VII, whose only known ancestry is Macedonian Greek with a tiny bit of Sogdian Persian, was painted as a light-skinned woman by the Romans at Pompeii and Herculaneum: Pompeian painting made of Cleo during her lifetime and perhaps even during her visit to Italy, where her statue was erected by Caesar at Rome in the Temple of Venus Genetrix (which this painting here portrays): commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venus_and_Cupid_from_the_House_of_Marcus_Fabius_Rufus_at_Pompeii,_most_likely_a_depiction_of_Cleopatra_VII_(2).jpg Herculaneum portrait of Cleopatra painted posthumously, in the Pompeian Third Style, about 50 years after her death (although coins, statues, and paintings of her still existed all over the place, so people still generally knew what she looked like): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Retrato_femenino_(26771127162).jpg

[@AyubuKK]

Cleopatra was both a literal and metaphorical *QUEEN.*

She was an opportunistic hoe.

[@modarnwarfare2rull]

Nah she relied on both Mark Antony and Caesar too much for me to be impressed by her.

[@alyenendrovtsorokean7406]

She took the title of Pharaoh, which is king. Not queen. She was a king.

[@fabianhale845]

@@alyenendrovtsorokean7406 she took both.

[@fabianhale845]

@@modarnwarfare2rull There was no other option. Egypt was a client state of Rome for generations before her.

[@laodice_III]

Cleopatra was Greek Macedonian mixed with Persian.

[@laodice_III]

Cleopatra had 2 Persian ancestors, 1. The Persian princess Laodice III of Pontus, the daughter of the Persian King Mithridates II of Pontus. She was Cleopatra I Syra’s mother and a Seleucid Queen. Laodice III was Antiochus III the Great’s wife, the Seleucid Emperor and he was half Greek and half Persian. 2. Apama I, the Persian wife of Seleucus I Nicator. Cleopatra’s Persian ancestors were Cyrus the Great and Darius the Great, being a descendant of the Persian princess Laodice III of Pontus, because the Persian Mithridatic dynasty who ruled the Kingdom of Pontus, were a powerful and noble Persian family, directly related to Darius the Great, Cyrus the Great of Persia. Cleopatra I Syra, the Queen of Egypt was 2/3 Persian and 1/3 Greek Macedonian, her mother (Laodice III) was Persian and her father (Antiochus III the Great) was half Persian and half Greek. All Ptolemies and Cleopatra after Cleopatra I Syra were descendants of her because the Ptolemaic dynasty practiced 300 years of incestuous marriages to remain pure. Cleopatra I Syra was Cleopatra’s ancestor from her both sides, her father and her mother. None of the Ptolemaic Kings ever learned the language of Egyptians except for Cleopatra. Cleopatra's ancestors married each other and to other Greeks to separate themselves from the Egyptians. The Ptolemies’ culture and beliefs were Hellenistic not Egyptian. Cleopatra learned the Egyptian language for political reasons. Plutarch wrote that she alone of her house took the trouble to learn Egyptian and, for political reasons, styled herself as the new Isis, a title that distinguished her from the earlier Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra III, who had also claimed to be the living embodiment of the goddess Isis. "

[@cinnamonpirate5294]

we don't know what Cleo ll was mixed w/but she self-reports that her mother was all Egyptian..

[@laodice_III]

@@cinnamonpirate5294 No, her mother was not Egyptian, she was a mix of Greeks and Persians.

[@cinnamonpirate5294]

@@laodice_III so say some. but in her own words her mother was egyptian. for verification TRUTHFULLY there is NO solid record of her birth mother, so i'll take a self-reporting over long past speculation (usually by academic racists who can't fathom her not being non-white!)

[@laodice_III]

@@cinnamonpirate5294 She never said that her mother was Egyptian. None of the Ptolemaic Kings ever learned the language of Egyptians except for Cleopatra. Cleopatra's ancestors married each other and 2 Persian-Greek princesses to separate themselves from the Egyptians. The Ptolemies’ culture and beliefs were Hellenistic not Egyptian. Cleopatra learned the Egyptian language for political reasons. Plutarch wrote that she alone of her house took the trouble to learn Egyptian and, for political reasons, styled herself as the new Isis, a title that distinguished her from the earlier Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra III, who had also claimed to be the living embodiment of the goddess Isis. "

[@Gyrosmeister]

Also the Tessarakonteres(40-rowed in Greek) was not really a war-ship but served more as a prestige ship, than as a warship due to its large size making it impractical for effective naval combat

[@InvictaHistory]

its also theorized that it was a catamaran design with two ships essentially bridged together. Still pretty impressive even though it was just a show piece

[@ravezon]

Well thats a waste. While it may not be useful for ramming, although with that size it can just sail forward and sink any ship that crazy enough to go head to head with it or didnt get away from it in time, that ship is great to used at firing platform if equip with balistas. Kinda like medieval ships equip with cannons at the sides of the ships. Well at least it looks capable to do so. Put three or four launchers on each sides or just the middle if the launchers are big and launch fire pots or explosive pots at and triremes and trying to ram it from the sides. Kinda like that black metal ship from the second movie of 300.

[@funnyjesterman]

Prepare for views! Just saw that someone posted this video to the History subreddit, and it's now rising in r/all!

[@InvictaHistory]

Jester Jay wow thats awesome to hear! I made this live just before boarding a flight and am so excited to see the progress its making.

[@jesusmcwheel]

Jester Jay ok

[@AydenMillersBohawks]

S Has has to catchup and mustard for my family to get them back from my day thanks to you too

[@FlexBeanbag]

@@InvictaHistory kzbin.info/www/bejne/qJrbhoGkltqLbqs

[@adrienbelmo9171]

OHohoh ! Great way to start the Christmas holidays ! Vikings / Kgnightfall / Invicta Video ! Hell yeah

[@InvictaHistory]

Caramel Johnson Ive actually never seen Knighfall. How is it?

[@greekswaglord-dathistoryla201]

6:45 in modern greek and athenian strategos means generals strate (army) and gos comes from arxigos (leader) so the whole word means the leader of a army Also here strategos can mean military govenor similar to the proconsuls of Rome who were regional governors

[@koffieslikkersenior]

In ancient Greek Strategos means the exact same thing

[@Pos3id0n.]

"OO-bisoft" - Invicta 2017

[@Arexsis]

That's how it's properly pronounced...

[@theinsfrijonds]

Actually the first vowel is an umlaut because it is from French and so there really is no proper way to say it in English. That being said that same vowel in Middle English did become yu. Use and sure (shur

[@nowifihere3986]

@@Arexsis no its not! Go on ubisoft KZbin channel its pronounced ubisoft

[@MJFAN666]

Wow great art work

[@InvictaHistory]

Karan Trivedi theres truly some awesome talent out there and Im so happy we can leverage it to bring the past to life

[@MJFAN666]

Invicta yea amazing. Really well done. Love all your historical docs

[@blakelsimonson]

It's mostly screenshots from the new assassins creed video game

[@T_bone]

Aren't these screen art from the design team of Assasins' Creed?

[@gollygee963]

Pardon me. *Adjusts tie and tucks shirt in* To which you are saying *Files for tax return* Implies that *Sniffs cocaine* Our ancestors were of royal lineage?

[@Normie_Normalson]

WE

[@General_Rubenski]

Phuck Joogle WAZ

[@Toto-95]

KANGZ AND SHIEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEET

[@dee5298]

pokezee king-wolf May we never run out of confused spastic fuks to make fun of.

[@anton2maa]

WE WERE KINGS! happy_white_family.jpg

[@Burgarfury]

Comment section summarized: Cleopatra wasn’t dark skinned she was 100% Greek. Have a good day folks.

[@fabianhale845]

Actually she did have minute Persian ancestry.

[@kevindanner2090]

@@fabianhale845 cleopatra was all Greek

[@fabianhale845]

Not quite. Although Kleopatra was Ptolemaic, she did have Seleucid ancestors as well. And the Seleucids are directly descended from Seleucus I and Apama I, a daughter of a Sogdian warlord.

[@azarael77]

@@fabianhale845 But the Seleucids were for Persia what the Ptolemaic were for Egypt. Seleucus I was a Macedonian.

[@fabianhale845]

Be that as it may, the Seleucids as we know them descend from the line produced by Seleucus and Apama. The Seleucids were indeed Macedonians but that doesn’t negate their Sogdian/Persian ancestry as well.

[@Tsukiko.97]

Epic History and Invicta upload within the same day??? It is a Christmas miracle.

[@InvictaHistory]

Abyssinia Empire I am so happy to see a bunch of the history content producers kicking ass lately : )

[@Tsukiko.97]

Invicta The upcoming collaboration with various content creators is the coalition of the century in my opinion, and because of that I know for sure I was born in the right decade!

[@ptegegn1]

long live the abyssinian empire!

[@norsie45]

one video is about ancient egypt, and the other is about modern event in eygpt

[@gameboyhotline3712]

Abyssinia Empire long live Abyssinia, may she once again reign. May the Emperors return

[@mxrs4745]

When you watch this on Christmas, and get Assassin's Creed Origins on Christmas. *Merry Christmas mates!*

[@MegaRaven100]

*''Evolution of the Roman Legions: Part 1 - Kingdom (8-7th Century BC).'' When are you going to do Part II??? Seriously it is your single best video and you promised repeatedly to finish it, years ago ! Please DO this!!*

[@josephar4720]

Thanks for the video, I finished the game's main story line last night. I have to say great comeback for the franchise and the story was compelling. The historical additions to not only characters but life in that era were ( for lack of better words) breathtaking. This video helped to fill gaps of understanding of whats going on in game. The game does a solid job in giving you an idea of the topics discussed today, Thank you , Invicta

[@InvictaHistory]

Joseph Alemar I have yet to put much time in the game but I'm really hoping to dive in and honestly just go for a walk in the amazing environment. Im thinking of doing some sort of livestream with a historian where we would just explore and discuss

[@josephar4720]

Invicta the flora, fauna and the life given to the cities, villages, towns tombs will be a great addition to your ventures

[@dariogutierrez6716]

The game is sooo pretty, the places are amazing... but the story is just dead children making a random dude angry.

[@emmarobbieus9107]

Joseph Alemar are you talking about assassins creed origins?

[@uncharted7againblackking256]

To bad they couldn't use black people who started Egypt who dont get lice oh and who can withstand the mf sun for a longer period of time than a white person no offence but genetically facts here

[@NoQuarterNoMercy1]

I can’t wait until Netflix’s Queen Cleopatra documentary comes out and tells us that everything you said here was wrong because of modern politics.

[@SalvatoreEscoti]

When Cleopatra Ruled the pyramids had alredy seen over 2500 years gone by!

[@bubblebreak4160]

Ruling for 15 generations despite brother-sister incest is pretty impressive. Cleopatra VII was apparently both beautiful, able bodied, and intelligent. I wonder if the Ptolemies has some kind of genetic advantage

[@danielarato4021]

There is no such thing as genetic advantage... That sounds very deterministic

[@g-rexsaurus794]

Cleopatra was not beautiful, nobody contemporary said that.

[@Boss_Isaac]

+BubbleBreak There was a *lot* of incest in the Ptolemaic Dynasty.

[@MrMethekill]

She was not described as really beautiful, but the rest is true. Negative consequences of incest are vastly exagerrated in popular mind, it's not like one or two generations (or fifteen in this case) lead to three-armed mutants, it's more like specific recessive maladies do appear far more often - IF they are present in the first place that is.

[@Jonnesdeknost]

Daniel Thrush There is...

[@vCLOWNSHOESv]

This is when a time machine would be great. Imagine being about to see the pyramids at the height of their glory? Unbelievable.

[@SvenskaKrig1709]

Good on Ubisoft for helping make this. This was a really informative and well done.

[@TheZorkiel]

Man, I really wish you did more documentary and edutainment style content like this more regularly.

[@JoseAngelFlores]

Cleopatra was of greek origin, as were many people in Alexandria. Hollywood show them as black people, when they were greeks.

[@gomezk1493]

They don’t show them as black people or Greeks they show them as white people only. They were in Africa so they were going to be somewhat brown because the sun and the heat. But still, Liz Taylor is a white woman she isn’t Greek she isn’t brown and she definitely shouldn’t have played Cleopatra.

[@michaelf7093]

Most Macedonians of noble birth were described as having blonde hair and blue eyes.

[@pedrosalvador1146]

Michael F Philip II and Alexander weren't like that... Most of those with blond hair and blue eyes had foreign mothers from Thracia and Illyria

[@michaelf7093]

Olympius, Alexander's mother, was from Epirus. Alexander was well-documented as having curly blonde hair and blue eyes. Dark features were sufficiently uncommon that when someone was dark haired, note was made of it, as in Cletius "the Black". Cletius was, however, NOT noble, his mother was Alexander's wet nurse.

[@matiusbond6052]

As the video showed,only a small amount of the population was Greek

[@avgjoegaming8271]

So cleopatra isn't even Egyptian. She's macedonian

[@katireei7761]

greek

[@giannisv.4472]

@@katireei7761 Macedonia is greek so yea

[@bobysze]

If we go back far enough, we are all African. Since you need to go through Egypt to reach Europe by land, I am pretty sure Cleopatra's ancestors were Egyptian long before they became Macedonians and eventually they became Egyptian rulers for over 3 centuries, which makes Cleopatra pretty much an Egyptian. And even though she might have seen herself as a Hellenic Egyptian, she probably didn't see herself as a Macedonian.

[@fabianhale845]

@bobysze She did identify as Macedonian. The Ptolemies originated from Greece and Macedon.

[@Streetw1s3r]

Correct. The Ptolomy family is from somewhere I think around the central area of Macedonia in Greece today. So she was in fact Macedonian Most people are unaware of this important fact, most tend to assume that she was Egyptian until they actually research it. I mean, there's a reason why she was insanely beautiful.

[@bhbluebird]

History is totally underrated

[@GeorgeMasterclass]

The Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt was a kingdom ruled by an Macedonian King and court. The elite citizens were the Greek colonists who resided mainly in Alexandria and various other Greek enclaves in Egypt. The Greeks colonists manned the elite phalanx armies of Egypt forming a classical Macedonian style war machine. Native Egyptians formed various levies and were not permitted in the core Ptolemaic army out of fear they might rebel while being trained in advanced Greek military tactics. The Greeks were an occupying force in Egypt.

[@Uroboro_Djinn]

Well Greece is an indebted sack of shit now so karma's a bitch.

[@GeorgeMasterclass]

♞ Go Fuck Yourself ♞ Why the hate?

[@Uroboro_Djinn]

No hate ψηλέ, απλά δε μπορούμε να μιλάμε για χρέη της Γερμανίας και της Τουρκίας απέναντί μας αλλα ενώ θέλουμε να είμαστε συνεχιστές της αρχαίας Ελλάδας να ξεχνάμε οτι γαμήσαμε τον πλανήτη πριν απόλους.

[@Uroboro_Djinn]

Συγγνώμη, έχω την τάση να υποθέτω οτι τα άτομα που μιλάω στο youtube είναι συνομήλικα για κάποιο λόγο. Έτσι απευθύνομαι σε άτομα στην ηλικία μου συνήθως αλλα αν ο άλλος είναι μεγαλύτερος είναι αγένεια.

[@spiritusIRATUS]

♞ Go Fuck Yourself ♞ Εισαι το ιδιο ηλιθιος με το χρυσαυγουλο απο κατω. Τραβα διαβασε λιγη ιστορια αν πιστευεις οτι η αρχαια Ελλαδα σαν πολιτισμος "γαμησε τον πλανητη". Και στην τελικη αμα δε γουσταρεις δρομο κι αντε στο murica με τις bitchez.

[@TF8ase]

Fascinating details. Cleopatra really was a fascinating individual. It's a sad end for an amazing woman.

[@AntoniousFrancis]

I'm Egyptian, A COPTIC CHRISTIAN EGYPTIAN, I shout that out loud because we are the most pure blooded Egyptians out there and that's not only my opinion that's what Egyptologists, Historians and Scientists also agreed on , and I tell you that every word that Bassem Youssef said is right and I totally agree with him. Yes Egypt had lots of mixed cultures throughout its history like for example: Greeks, Romans and Arabs, but the Egyptian blood didn't mix and change that much and that's because for centuries we Egyptians had a golden tradition rule to marry our cousins, and that tradition is still present until now especially in Upper Egypt(from Assiut to Aswan), Although that tradition seems silly and bad from a scientific biological point of view, but that doesn't matter, silly or not we kept that tradition of marrying our cousins for centuries and that helped us to preserve our pure Egyptian blood not mixed as long as we could, and the result is what you see now and that is Modern Egyptians looks typical to their Ancient Egyptian Ancestors, just look at my skin color and Bassem Youssef's skin color we are almost the same although he is a Muslim who was born and lived in Cairo and I am a Coptic Christian who was born and lived in Luxor and there is almost a 1000 km distance between us, doesn't that tell you a thing or two about who Ancient Egyptians were and what they looked like? With all due respect for all the Black people and all the other ethnicities out there, but we Egyptians are special very special, WE ARE NOT Black or White or Yellow, Not Europeans or Africans or Asians, Not Assyrians or Persians or Israelites or Nubians or Greeks or Romans or Arabs or French or Italians or Germans or British or Turkish or Ukrainians, Not Middle Easterners or Caucasians or Mediterraneans or Levants or Amazigh or Berbers or even North Africans. WE ARE EGYPTIANS, WE ARE VERY UNIQUE!

[@sashek8451]

I can understand the outrage about the Jada Pinckett-Smith Netflix “documentary”

[@osadchan]

Cleopatra was ethnically Greek/Macedonian, and picturing her looking like a Somali woman would already look normal in modern Hollywood movies, but not so much in a historical documentary.

[@Ψυχήμίασμα]

@B C Eh, no clear evidence of that. But even if she is part Persian, this is what Persians look like: www.rferl.org/a/iran-brace-us-visa-immigration-ban/28261334.html

[@Ψυχήμίασμα]

@B C Laodice was from the Pontus Kingdom, which was Hellenistic, yes, its ruling family descended in part from the Persians, but her mother was a Greek and the population was largely Greek. Antiochus III was also actually a Macedonian. To call Cleopatra VII mixed with Persians is a bit splitting hairs. Most mix raced people with 1/4 something else loses all trace of it in their appearance. Not saying they aren't part of that race, but how "one drop policy" are you going to get? Elizabeth Warren is claiming she is Native American.......it's just, I don't think so

[@Ψυχήμίασμα]

@@Queen.Cassandane_Persia_Iran but they have had so much Greek blood though since it's establishment. And Antiochus III was Greek. The whole kingdom was Hellenistic. I'm not saying it's not Persian, but saying Cleopatra is part Persian, while technically not incorrect, is like saying Elizabeth Warren is part American Indian, which, while also technically not incorrect, is somewhat a moot point

[@Ψυχήμίασμα]

​@@Queen.Cassandane_Persia_Iran The dynasty was started by a Persian noble, but they have mixed with Hellenistic populations and became thoroughly Hellennized. Regardless, claiming Cleopatra was Persian is like me claiming I'm Native American. One drop policy much?

[@Ψυχήμίασμα]

@@Queen.Cassandane_Persia_Iran Nope. The dynasty was mixed with Macedonians. Culturally, the kingdom was Hellenized,[8] with Greek the official language.[9]. You might have missed that part?

[@CirosKhan]

The artwork is absolutely stunning. Wish all episodes were like this

[@Kardel_VA]

wait back up...Ubisoft sponsored you? Damn, you guys are going places.

[@TheRealIronMan]

This is really well done, especially with the AC background music, I hope you would do a greek history one when AC Odyssey releases next week.

[@JuletzMusic]

I'm always excited when I see there's a new "Moments in History"! Great episode, as usual

[@InvictaHistory]

George McCat glad you enjoyed! I did get a bit carried away turning a Moment into an entire dynasty but I think its necessary to set up future episodes

[@engrfka]

Assassin’s Creed Origins soundtrack and pictures and concept art, is spot on with this video 🙌🏼 best ancient egypt game of all time. Also your video is top notch 👍🏼

[@rejvaik00]

Invicta please do a video on the Natives of Mesoamerica and the Triple Alliance of Mexico-Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan better known as the Aztec(meaning people from Aztlan) Empire

[@mrsir2254]

We need more on Ptolemiac Egypt generally, this is nice.

[@georgirumenov9557]

Wait Egypt expanded all the way to thrace?

[@middler5]

"Egypt"

[@ARISTOSMGS]

I think is the other way around thrace expanded all the way to Egypt at least the rulers were from that general area

[@brandonlee934]

Good job. I was wondering if you were going to mention the medium infantry and different types of elephants used.

[@TheKeyser94]

I wanted to write a fantasy based in the Roman Empire and Ptolemaic Dynasty but I never had a clue, not matter how much I research how the Ptolemaic government was made, this video is a great help to that, because my story is a loose adaptation of this time period, but with a far more independent Egypt.

[@king_of_war5327]

i like how he only uses photos from ac origins

[@wesmo_]

So Cleopatra was of Greek descendency... interesting.

[@pablomora3233]

Those renders were crazy beautiful! Congratulations on having such good sponsors great video!

[@RomanHistoryFan476AD]

merry sol Invictus.

[@riebenzahl-524]

You meant *Io Saturnalia* happy saturnalian festival... or a happy Yul festival, depending where you come from

[@RomanHistoryFan476AD]

thanks for the correction.

[@RomanHistoryFan476AD]

it is a joke for those who know about the history of the date of 25th of December

[@brucetucker4847]

Sol Invictus never struck me as all that merry. Did he ever turn water into wine when the party guests had drunk up all the booze? No. No, he did not. He was probably mad 'cause no one brought him myrrh for his birthday.

[@katireei7761]

A punch in the stomach of all those sad trolls of FYROM (first yugoslavic republic of macedonia) who claim that Macedonians were distinct group of people with Greek tribes, or even that they were Slavic people, and those sad trolls are their discendants. Sad trolls...

[@waltergrimminger6191]

@Jonathan Williams - Hahahahaha You think all Slavs come from Russia Hahahahaha!!!!

[@KasumiRINA]

@David Renton Greeks are NOT Slavic. Mixed with them? Sure. And Macedon WAS literally a separate kingdom. Not related to modern state of Macedonia, no, but not much related to modern Greece either.

[@maldegaar]

Those pictures are incredible. Brings it to life.

[@brandonhernandez371]

Happy staurnalia guys

[@lambertlum1087]

Merry Christmas

[@brandonhernandez371]

Lambert Lum happy Hanukkah

[@brandonhernandez371]

Lambert Lum happy yule

[@brandonhernandez371]

Lambert Lum you were suppose to keep it going

[@lambertlum1087]

Christmas, I like. Hannukah, I recognize. I know not what happy yule is.

[@KingCrayon420]

Everyone insists that Cleopatra was actually hideously deformed. I disagree. Why would Caesar (one of the most powerful men in the world at his peak) risk his public and political power to romantically pursue someone hideously deformed? If it was a power play, there were multiple other ways for Rome to gain power in Egypt. It should go without saying that Caesar, a powerful and relatively at the very least average looking Roman man, would have his pick of spouse. Why then with various other ways of bringing himself to influence Egypt and various options to choose any mate he would like would he go for a Cleopatra that was anything less than average? The only evidence that has been materialized is shallow at best. A few best guesses from long decayed corpses by people of questionable reliability and assumptions based on the fact she was the result of incest. They ignore the coins that portray her as normal looking as well as other versions of her face portrayed in stone. It is a flawed theory with little backing, yet my history and archaeology teachers in high school tried to present it as irrefutable fact.

[@lettylunasical4766]

I thought she looked pretty grim on those stones. Perhaps her attractiveness was due to to her being so powerful and them having different ideals of beauty at that time (i.e. prominent features denoting aristocracy.)

[@nbkmarie]

Plutarch said she looked average, normal, nothing special but it was her charm that won Caesar and MA.

[@uncharted7againblackking256]

Hmmmmm seems someone knows she was an Egyptian oh and was black let's not forget it is hot out their in Egypt for a European compared to an African well who can withstand the sun oh and doesn't have lice well actually that's any black person lol no offence just facts if me a black man and a white man was to walk in an desert who would last the longest

[@fabianhale845]

Kleopatra wasn’t black nor Egyptian. Shut up uncharted 7.

[@trekadouble757]

I doubt that Cesar wanted a beautiful wife more than a powerful wife. Cleopatra was probably normal-looking, but she was powerful.

[@potcrak1]

Thanks Invicta for a good short overview. Thumbs up.

[@BountyFlamor]

You could have mentioned that she was the 7th "Cleopatra", since many female Ptolemies had that name.

[@talknight2]

He did.

[@ericwininger1778]

BountyFlamor He did.

[@Bazerald777]

He did.

[@johnc6158]

BountyFlamor He did.

[@eca3101]

He did

[@L.J.Kommer]

4:13 HE WAS A CONSUL OF ROME!

[@Battletechfan]

Cleopatra is closer to the foundation of the first McDonalds than she is from the pyramids. On reddit I suggested a space roleplaying adventure called "save Cleopatra" based on the story of Cleopatra, to be played in the Battletech universe. This video is added as a reference there. Real history makes great reference to build great role playing adventures, instead of the usual cliche of finding a goblin that leads to a treasure protected by a dragon. This video makes me want to play the tabletop "Imhotep builder of Egypt" I have in the library.

[@nantzstein3311]

You know what looks like a typical farce? Children called Alexander Ptolemy Cleopatra. xD

[@Autechltd]

Cleo should really have awoken her ushabtis and necrosphixes to push put the Romans.

[@errantknight-f2z]

The visuals in this video are incredible! Very immersive artwork.

[@maxxam4665]

That was a great video :3 And I'd like to stress out the fact that in southern Italy - in Calabria -, we had greeks, byzantines, longobards and normans and we, for the most part are dark skinned. Which is not black. Which is not white. Dark skinned. That is how Cleopatra is rappresented. Dark skinned. My sister has even darker skin than me and she is full blooded italian. I know a guy with a germanic name and surname - his ancestors were longobards - and he's dark skinned, because generation pass and it may happen that we get tanned. In Calabria, South of Europe. Imagine after multiple generations in EGYPT. So stop being offended by your lack of critical thinking. Extreme Political Correctness sucks both ways.

[@ag7dragonfly]

italians were not "darked skined" till they mixed with "blacks" the moors (black africans) rulled Southern itally and spain for almost 1000 years

[@MoamadTrashman]

@@ag7dragonfly no

[@tammycroft6217]

@@ag7dragonfly WHERE did you get that from? Seriously, what are your sources? Because nothing I have ever read says that the Moors ruled any part of Italy. The Spanish peninsula, yes, but not Italy. They didn't get that far east in Europe.

[@tammycroft6217]

Besides, the Moors came from North Africa, predominantly around modern day Morocco and were mostly Berber Muslims. NOT BLACK AFRICAN. I swear, political correctness is going to kill history and soon ther only thing that will be taught is propoganda.

[@yoroshikuonegaishimasu8649]

@@ag7dragonfly moors arent black

[@jasonyang6875]

I don't get it why people often regard Cleopatra VII as a great queen. Games like Civilization even uses her to represent Egypt many times, like she's the best Egypt can offer. In fact, she's just the worst kind of leader in history: a power-hungry demagogue with no respect for the traditional constitution, drove her country into internal conflict and civil war. Her naked display of obsession with regional supremacy attracted so many unnecessary enemies even when Hellenic Egypt, as the video admitted, was no longer a military superpower that can make her "Queen of Kings", as she proclaimed. By involving this deep in the roman civil war for her acquisition of power, she pitched egypt against the strongest power in the Mediterranean, and finally, by the treacherous act of abandoning Antony at Actium without even a fight, she sealed the fate of the nearly 300 years old Ptolemy Kingdom. I can't get why a queen who doomed her country for personal interest should be regarded as a great leader. Not referring to the video here, this video did a good neutral portray of Cleopatra. It's just this question is always lingering in my head, especially when Civ VI reintroduced Cleopatra as "leader of Egypt".

[@araposkulo]

I don't know much about Egyptian history, but I would assume she is either the least controversial figure, one of the best leaders it had OR (and this is most likely i.m.o.) the most well known among the other leaders of Egypt

[@mysticonthehill]

I agree. But the people who control the writing of history are the rich and powerful who look upon her likes as kindred. History as taught is nothing but a long list of villains.

[@MsCwebb]

She quite literally was the worst "leader" Ptolemaic Egypt ever had.

[@The_Custos]

She has had some great bonuses in the civ games, but was far less accomplished than real Egyptian pharaohs.

[@16m49x3]

From this video alone, I'd say her having a child with the roman emperor was a good thing for Egypt. Rome was a major power at that point, and having them as allies seem wise. Ironically one of the most famous female leaders in history is most known for having a child.

[@ZiePe]

Who the hell leaves a dislike for this? Awesome video!

[@sugar-daddykhayreddin1115]

P-tolemy or Tolemy?

[@StereotypicallyIrish]

Silent P

[@InvictaHistory]

I luv Bs I've heard people in historical circles pronounce the P but I opted for the more common form

[@MJFAN666]

Tolemy

[@sugar-daddykhayreddin1115]

Giannis Balagiannis Well then let us stick to the authentic pronunciation rather than using a latinised version.

[@koffieslikkersenior]

Ancient greek has no silent p. It's definitely ptolemaios

[@MrZZ-py4pq]

instantly demontized when you said ISIS and yes I know ISIS is a Egyptian god

[@ravezon]

Well Isis and ISIS are two different things. Because the media short form the whole name into that cause all the confusion. So i blame the media on this.

[@AlphaWolf096]

ravezon That may be why the terrorist group is now called ISIL by the media. Helps to avoid confusion.

[@Jameslawz]

@@AlphaWolf096 it was Obama who was adamant on calling them ISIL since Isis is a (not a very common) name in Africa but had history.

[@AlphaWolf096]

Jameslawz Exactly, to avoid confusion.

[@zaprese]

And a window cleaning firm for big buildings in the U.K.

[@choirboyzcutleryoutdoors]

3 day wkend and Invicta!! What more could a man want

[@pedrojoao6790]

So was Cleopatra beatiful or was she just really good at charming and etc? I see people say that she was a bit ugly.

[@AK-hh9zv]

The Roman author Plutarch who based his accounts on the stories of his Alexandrian grandfather who lived in the reign of Cleopatra and on the testimonies of those who knew her is the most contemporary source on her appearance and he states that "her beauty, as we are told, was in itself neither altogether incomparable, nor such as to strike those who saw her." After Plutarch we have Cassius Dio who claimed that "she was a woman of surpassing beauty, and at that time, when she was in the prime of her youth, she was most striking;" She was in all likelihood not stunningly beautiful, Plutarch admits that she was not superior in beauty to Augustus' sister Octavia but she was certainly a very charming woman.

[@pedrojoao6790]

Thanks, I was curious about this small thing

[@AleXoEx0]

awes sub So like a 7/10 then.

[@rebelbeammasterx8472]

She was just normal from how her coins were printed. Her face was on those coins. If we consider the coins to be a nearly accurate depiction.

[@SimonRaahauge1973]

Saying that she was ugly was a Roman slandering campaign.. The Romans did not like powerfull women. Or women as such.

[@cwilliams523]

She was much much whiter than this game shows. It's a fact she was Macedonian/Greek... Why do people always make her look so dark? I don't mean this as racist stuff, but its a basic fact.

[@goddammitalana]

Chris Williams because of the fragile self esteem and inferiority complex of a large number of people who desperately cling to egypt as their one great contribution to history. ... so in short, Political "correctness"

[@wisediva9807]

Chris Williams why people always make Nefertiti light when she was brownskin Nefertiti was a full Egyptian

[@DerpDerp27]

Wise Diva because you don't have to be black af to be "Egyptian." Black people come in different shades and if you were trying to make a point, you failed.

[@orvcles]

because people dont understand that there is more then one ruling cleopatra in history so there is confusion as to what she looks like.

[@inigovillanueva1944]

+Yujuni, Then stop using inventions created by whites such as the internet, and go live in some tribal african community somewhere in the Congo. I hope people like you that sneer at those who contribute to arts and technology become colonized once again for glorifying primitivism and tribalism.

[@diwanumam1507]

Please make more on Egypt. I wish textbooks covered the perspective you provided.

[@SeanOConnorNotesonCulture]

This video is excellent, but Alexander the Great did have a clear line of succession. Cassander, one of the Diadochi (his generals who carved up his empire) murdered his wife, Roxanne; their son, Alexander IV; and his mother, Olympius; along with the generals and common soldiers who were loyal to his dynasty. Olympius had meanwhile murdered Alexander's his half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus and his niece/wife, Eurydice II. [Alexander's son and his half-brother had nominally ruled as co-kings.] Alexander's full-sister, Cleopatra, who had married their maternal uncle, Alexander I of Epirus, died in captivity on Sardis after her uncle/husband died while various generals fought over who should marry her. Their half-sister Thessalonike, was left alive, so she could marry Cassander, only to be murdered by their son, Antipater II of Macdeon. Another half-sister, Cynane, the mother of Eurydice II, likely also died by the design of Olympius.

[@bsinita_wokeone]

Sean O'Connor wow i didnt know Cleopatra and Alexander was siblings ick!!

[@SeanOConnorNotesonCulture]

I was horrified as an undergrad when I learnt that Alexander the Great left behind a pregnant wife and both the widow and child were murdered. It was only recently that I learnt his mother and his generals killed off the rest of his family or that his sisters had started on a path of dangerous in-breeding. It struck me that Cleopatra VII of Egypt - the really famous Cleopatra - as well as her daughter and her ancestors named Cleopatra, all of whom were descended from Alexander's general who grabbed Egypt, Ptolemy I Soter (not to be confused with the famous Greco-Roman mathematician Claudius Ptolemy), must have been named after Alexander's sister. It also strikes me that those Greco-Macedonian rulers of Egypt could justify in-breeding to themselves and their companions that not only had the native Egyptian pharaohs been in-breeders but so had the Macedonian royal family. I find it strange that the lesson that marrying within the same royal family instead of intermarrying with other royal families or their own subjects resulted in the conception of children who were mentally unstable and/or had other health problems, which, in turn, caused the downfall of kingdoms went unheeded by (a) Ptolemy I Soter's descendants, (b) the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the Roman Empire, (c) the Trastamaras of the Spanish kingdoms, (d) the Spanish Habsburgs (who kept marrying the Austrian Hapsburgs), or (e) the Spanish Bourbons (who kept marrying Italian Bourbons until the last two kings wised up and married, respectively, a Greek princess and a Spanish reporter).

[@Gyrosmeister]

Alexander IV was too young to actually rule that Empire

[@modernknightone]

Damn! I had no idea. Not super strong on knowledge of this era - I know the battles/generals - winners/losers and big muscle movements, but had no idea about the surviving successors and their brutal demise. That Cassander (knew the name) but damn, what a creepy cut throat man! Thar be a REAL blood thirsty VILLAIN mates! Thanks for the educational comments

[@jomolololo4398]

And they say she was Black , what a joke , she clearly is greek

[@alexperl8424]

Anyone who says she is black is very misinformed

[@marybaczuk]

Not Cleopatra. Nefertiti was said to be black. Geez

[@FlowerBlossom016]

Gary Watzittoyaa greeks can still tan though... And blacks/Egyptians can be just as light.... But yes, she's of inbred Greek heritage

[@ausintune9014]

the Ptolemies were literally greeks

[@h.d.oqurir880]

Egyptians are not black .

[@mattc9998]

So glad you were allowed to use the AC soundtrack for this, it's beautiful.

[@henriquebitencourt4280]

I don't why people do Cleopatra and Ptolomy with egyptian clothes instead of Greek , and the ptolemaic army being traditional egyptian (bronze/iron age the eras that came to most people's minds when someone talks about ancient Egypt ) instead of phalanx and mercenaries

[@dacheesey3203]

The ptolemies wore pharoah regalia tho

[@tylerdurden3722]

@@dacheesey3203 Nope. Public statues and monuments were done in Egyptian style and regalia. Otherwise the Ptolemiac monarchy rigorously maintained its Greek character and traditions. Even images of rulers on coins were typically Greek. Non public statues are also in the Greek style with Greek dress.

[@dacheesey3203]

Tyler Durden thanx for not calling me an idiot,i honestly didn't know.

[@tylerdurden3722]

@@dacheesey3203 lol...u shouldn't worry about it.🙂 the first Ptolemy intentionally created two seperate portrayals to culturally appeal seperately to the Egyptian population and to the Greek population (he wanted to attract as many Macedonian veterans of Alexander as possible, and keep them there). And seperated the two populations to make this portrayal work. So it gets confusing 😅 As Alexander adopted Persian customs to become less foreign to his new subjects, he became more foreign to his Macedonian subjects (who were very discontent with this transitioning...to the point of mutiny). Under Alexander, Ptolemy learned from this, and found a way to keep both sides relatively content when it comes to appearing culturally familiar to two different, proud cultures. For the next 300 years, his descendents had to carefully balance and maintain the same illusion. Plus, the collateral damage of Roman propaganda wars between prominent Roman political rivals distorted things even more.😓

[@666Kaca]

"and the ptolemaic army being traditional egyptian (bronze/iron age the eras that came to most people's minds when someone talks about ancient Egypt ) instead of phalanx and mercenaries" rome total war

[@TheSkyrimfreak]

I love the game but i disagree with the direction they went with caesar, he wasn't as bad as they made him out to be.

[@paladinshark2448]

Fat bastard yeah I hated that too. Julius wasn't some kind of evil dictator tyrant, he as simply a patriotic general who did what he had to. Also kind of sad for Bayek that in about 10 years legions would conquer Egypt brutally and turn it into a Roman province anyway.

[@TheSkyrimfreak]

Paladin Shark It's pretty clear that the writers of Origins have some issues with Rome and Greece in general. Throughout the game it felt like Ubisoft was trying to make you hate the Romans/Greeks for "oppressing" them. It's really unfair to be honest

[@paladinshark2448]

Fat bastard I really don't want to involve politics or modern day issues, but that seeks the likliest answer unfortunately. The white Romans and Greeks oppressing the ethnic Egyptians seems to play too much into modern day leftists narratives. And it's a damn shame, because it paints those two legendary civilizations in an unfair negative light.

[@marvelfannumber1]

I don't think they tried to make the Greeks look too bad. The Romans were a bit smeared but the Greeks weren't treated too badly. Aya, Bayek's wife for example is Greek and Bayek helps the local Greeks with their everyday problems as much as he does Egyptians. There is even one quest in the Faiyum in which Bayek has to help a Greek Phylakitai with solving murders comitted by Egyptians on Greeks. With the Romans this isn't as much the case, however there is one quest "The Good Roman" which is the exception.

[@paladinshark2448]

marvelfannumber1 I think the bad view of the Romans has a few odd consequences. Most notbaly, one I hope they address in a dlc or whatever, is that the "good guys" as they have presented them lose and lose badly, with the entire Egyptian army and navy decimated and Egypt brought into the empire under Octavian. How will they explain that through the story? Is the entire Roman Empire for its history a Templar organization? Is Octavian an assassin supporter? How do Bayek and Aya react to their queen being embarrassed and killing herself, and their nation being conquered by Italians?

[@amerlad]

videos like this make you wish historians and philosophers used platforms like youtube to lecture and tell stories of history. that would garner a lot of views. assassin's creed is such a good game to learn history, partially, and presentations.

[@cicero4447]

Thanks for using BC and AD, and not the "common era" nonsense. A minor detail, but one I appreciate nonetheless. Great video!

[@bacchicbachian3694]

Why is it nonsense?

[@cicero4447]

Bacchic Bachian As my history professor explained it to me, if the point is to divorce Judeo-Christian theology from history, then why still base it around the same event? Sure you use the more sterilized BCE and CE, but it's still based on the life of Jesus Christ just like BC and AD. Same thing, slightly different name. Just seems rather pointless, honestly.

[@marvelfannumber1]

+Joseph O'Leary The flaw with your professor's argument is that Jesus wasn't actually born in 1 A.D, he was born in 3 or 4 B.C. Our current calendar is based off of an outdated medieval miscalculation. If our calendar does not mark a year of significance, why ascribe it to an event which took place before the common era? Common era makes sense atleast, as it's the era we're currently in and the era most people go by, hence common era.

[@cicero4447]

marvelfannumber1 forgive me, but I fail to see how anything you said disproves his argument. I am aware that it's a miscalculation and that Jesus was born in 3 or 4 BC, I agree with you there. But how does that make common era more useful? I don't see the connection of your argument there.

[@marvelfannumber1]

+Joseph O'Leary Because why would you use the Anno Dommini system if it's actually inaccurate? It's not the 2017th year of our lord, it's the 2021st year of our lord. There's absolutely no reason to keep the name other than stubborn tradition and resistance to change. So your argument pretty much falls apart in that case. Because CE isn't "based on the life of Jesus Christ", as the man was probably born in 4 B.C.

[@ΒαγγεληςΝοτης]

Cleopatra a Greek queen of Egypt

[@Steven-dt5nu]

Really enjoy your videos. From presentation to format.

[@CodyWoofter11]

Its crazy how people still think Cleopatra was a woman of color and not greek

[@jacksontomkinson9349]

The Ptolimies remind me of the Targaryeans XD

[@stoutyyyy]

Jackson Tomkinson GRRM drew heavy inspiration fir the targaryens from the ptolemies, and the zoroastrian emperors of ancient Persia

[@jamiemohan2049]

Stephan is right the structure of the Targareyans are based off of the Ptolemies (300 years of rule, foreigners and close brother-sister incest) along with other things but most individual members of the Targs are based off of medieval royals.

[@Just.Kidding]

Stephen M. Stouter He mostly applied influence from Zoroastrianism toward the religion of R'hllor, not Targs.

[@ndantona92]

Close, the Targs are based on ancient ruling families of Rome. Vast expansion due to tech advancement and superior logistics

[@revanius2213]

People mention how her line survived in Cleopatra Selene. Along with claims that the Sevrins were descended from her there were also claims that Zenobia Queen of Palmyra was descended from her.

[@idonotcollectstamps]

*WE* *WUZ* *KANGZ*

[@Kardia_of_Rhodes]

I mean they were. That joke only works when it's referring to an African-American (who's family is most likely of West African origin) that tries to claim he is descended from Ancient East Africans.

[@gameboyhotline3712]

No, Greeks are more of a Mediterranean thing and not nordic white so no, your people were not the kings of my ancestors in pre colonial times and before you say I’m west african yes I am and I’m also East African. West Africans do share history with the east, it’s like Spain sharing a history with Greece, distant but still close enough to have kinda a cultural exchange

[@calebr7199]

Teutonicus Maximus The kangz in ptolemaic Egypt were greek tho

[@illyrian9976]

Gameboy Hotline Nordics and mediterranens have more in common than eastern and western africans

[@GORO911]

i am Egyptian so i am a real kang. Greeks were Kangz during Ptolomic rule. Blacks were kangz for 94 years during the 25th dynasty invasion. west Africans were only tribal cheifs.