Talking: Rowanclaw

[@itzkaybug1881]

I can't believe that the kit named after Rowanclaw ends up getting the same gender swap mistake but now it's also their appearance changing.

[@waddle..666]

the name is cursed

[@bobtheball5384]

The cycle lives on!!

[@tigerpeltofwindclan8431]

*and then-* *spoiler alert* *he dies*

[@feralwarriors1005]

Runs in the family

[@hawktalon7890]

The Rowancurse.

[@catsoda]

Vicky calling Rowanclaw’s transmasc swag an “Epic Error” is everything to be honest

[@cryptidkoi8418]

that’s what god called me when he sent me to terrorize earth

[@GrimmDelightsDice]

​@@cryptidkoi8418 Same name (kinda), same transhat!

[@Zero_Is_Stopping_Time]

As a trans person not being born as who I am was an epic error

[@tazz9757]

me too

[@abstractaxolotl6961]

Personally love the cringefail transmasc doomed by the narrative representation! I pull out a picture of him in a heart-shaped locket and gaze at it lovingly everytime make a mistake at work. Truly an inspiration for me

[@mokatmakes]

Hi! Can you talk about Mousefur next? She’s one of my favorite minor characters, and I don’t see her talked about much. I like that she never takes a mate or has kits, which is rare for she-cats in Warriors. But despite never having kits of her own, she shows a certain affection for kits and apprentices as an elder, in her own grumpy, stubborn, teasing way. She also clearly cares a lot about her clanmates, refusing herbs so that other cats can have them. She’s a grouch, but she clearly genuinely cares about others, and I like that.

[@laciereinheart9490]

Yes, Mousefur please! I agree with this! How do I upvote on KZbin? Or is it comment/like based?

[@mokatmakes]

@@laciereinheart9490 it’s like based I believe

[@shatteredsouI]

Yes! And her friendship with Longtail and Purdy is just… the best. A great “Three” of friends like the Three and Raven, Gray, and Fire

[@zemoon71421]

It isn’t just rare for she cat but cat in general to not have mate and kits right? Like almost all of them has kitten at some point

[@mokatmakes]

@@zemoon71421 it’s much rarer for she-cats than it is for toms, the statistics Sunnyfall used in her video about gender in Warriors prove that

[@asheyoclm1127]

I think this fits into a wider discussion of how gender-coded Warrior Cats names are. Someone came up with a she-cat called Rowanclaw and without fact checking it, she assumed later that she had to be a Tom. Erin’s came up with tom names like CLAWFACE DEATHBLAZE GRR BRAVEHEART AAAAAAH and the she-cat names are ~flowerpetal~ ~whisperwind~ ~daintynose~. Just add it to the pile of WC sexism I guess lol

[@slightlyoff1408]

Ok but Whisperwind slaps

[@biohaxxerd6154]

And how do so many queens have fern in their names, ferncloud, fernspots, honeyfern

[@scepticalhyenas5750]

Oh this is a really good point!! I hadn't thought about that connection. And yeah you've got she-cats like sweetbaby littleflower happysparkle lovefreckle honeyskies while toms are coming in with names like _MURDERSTAR BLOODBALLS THE AVENGER_

[@Whistlechip]

@@scepticalhyenas5750Bloodballs is my favorite character

[@scepticalhyenas5750]

@@Whistlechip bloodballs is everyone's favorite character. Bloodballs gets alllll the ladies _(and a lot of the lads too.)_

[@strawberryqueen0382]

PLZZZZ Puddleshine. I love him so much and hate how much he was sidelined in The Broken Code. I love how he’s focused on as a “worst case” scenario for when a Medicine cat dies. And his friendship with Alderheart is cute. He was basically replaced plotwise with Mothwing as a Medicine cat who didn’t know if Shadowsight could still do his job. Mentors almost never have strife like that with their apprentices anymore which is a missed opportunity.

[@TheodoreJMcGillicuddy.]

cough cough mothwings character is non-existent in the broken codee, as she probably wouldn’t be such a jerk to shadowsight for the majority of the arc - just thought I’d take this opportunity to complain , though, I do hope this comment wins

[@cultspina]

PUDDLESHINE MY BELOVED

[@strawberryqueen0382]

@@TheodoreJMcGillicuddy. oh no please go OFF. As much as I love how nice Puddleshine is I think he definitely could’ve been the one feeling weird about Shadowsight post Bramble death and possession. Especially because he was also forced into a healer position and there was an interesting opportunity for mentor apprentice conflict that comes naturally. Puddle feeling maybe he took an apprentice too fast and that maybe Shadowsight could be a Warrior or mediator if he wanted. This isn’t me saying “why isn’t my favorite background character doing things” there are legit character reasons why Puddleshine could’ve been the main driving point in the “Shadowsight feels he’s not respected as a medicine cat anymore” arc to have it NOT be from Mothwing.

[@Stormwolf4]

Do not worry, in future videos, I will also pursue our goal to give Puddleshine some love. Hopefully one of us gets top votes to have our little man get the love he deserves

[@strawberryqueen0382]

@@Stormwolf4 🤝

[@Tururruuuuuuuuuuuuu]

PLEASE talk about Leopardfoot, I mean we don't have as much focus on her in the books as she should, imagine how hard it must be, her mate abandoned her, 2 of her 3 kits died shortly after birth, and the only kit that left, grew up to be a genocidal monster... The fact that she is a kind of "forgotten" character is kind of sad considering everything she went through... and also because she is my favorite character lol

[@monicadokray5677]

Yes. Just... Yes.

[@RubberduckStudios]

oh and also, when shes only a kit, Pinestars already leader. Like sure, she could’ve been 6 moons? or Pinestar just turning leader, but its still weird

[@Tururruuuuuuuuuuuuu]

@@RubberduckStudios YEAH I FORGOT ABOUT IT, she was like a young warrior when she have Pinestar's kit, that's very, VERY strange since he was old enough be her grandfather

[@cupidstar101]

Oh yeah wnd pinestar is like... old enough to be her dad too (And maybe even older than that!!)

[@neofrxst]

@@RubberduckStudios Leapordfoot was the one interested in Pinestar if I remember correctly. I don't think Pinestar ever wanted a family

[@winsorsl]

I think that Sunstar (Or Sunfall) would be a good topic to talk about. His crush on Moonflower and his mentor behavior of BluePaw, it makes him seem very interesting to me and just very sweet. I think that he is a bit underated in the fandom, and I think he deserves a bit more attention.

[@thatdragondrawer6572]

Oh my gosh!! Yesss! He’s one of my favorite cats!!

[@Wistful_Wisterias]

Yessss

[@truckstoptiger05]

boost🔥🔥

[@waddle..666]

Sunstar is one of the best background leaders without any own perspective that i have ever ever seen i just love him

[@Pinesongg]

Yessss! I named my cat Sunfall after him ❤

[@exceptionally8224]

I think that you should talk about Barley. He was a part of bloodclan, and is the closest thing to a gay cat will ever get. His connection to bloodclan AND starclan is interesting and I would love to see a video on him.

[@blossompetal3644]

I was literally thinking the same thing.

[@NBwaffleees]

OMG YES PLEASE

[@tricksfollies9549]

What about Tallstar?

[@beastmaster0934]

Tallstar: Am I a joke to you?

[@exceptionally8224]

@@beastmaster0934 Well yeah, Tallstar is also very gay. But barley and ravenpaw are legitimately labeled as mates on the wiki. So I think it's safe to say that barley is more gay.

[@aIways_forgotten]

I would love Sorreltail to have a talking vid. Both bc she is my favourite… and that she actually has gone thru quite much if you think… Darkstripe nearly got her kiled by deathberries as a kit, her mentor left in the middle of her training, her siblings and a few of her kits died at a young age and she died hiding her wounds to protect her kits in the nursery. hehe

[@CrowsNestRat_7714]

It was very unjust in my eyes that she got an offscreen death. Her friendship with LeafPool is also a thing to note, especially when almost every shecat’s only friend is their sister. Plus, I don’t recall a medicine cat ever getting that close with a warrior and not dating them.

[@sagefeather3405]

I'll also point out that it wasn't a random Clanmate who poisoned her. Darkstripe is her brother!

[@conureia]

MY LADY SORRELTAIL! I also want a video on her c:

[@destinyaugustine123]

Yeah Sorreltail has like 8 siblings 7 brothers which are Darkstripe Graystripe Ashfur Elderkit Tulipkit Rainwhisker and Sootfur and a sister who is Ferncloud so Sorreltail nearly got killed by her older brother Darkstripe thankfully her other older brother Graystripe saved her from Darkstripe

[@phunzels]

THIS!!! please. she is my favourite.

[@nyxskip]

Could you do a Spotfur video? She led a multi-clan rebel group and assassination attempt against her leader, her mate was killed in the process, both of her littermates left to become kittypets, and her bff Bristlefrost died, all in the span of like three months. I love her silly generic-sounding name, I think her being the leader of the rebel group despite being a fairly new warrior is cool, her reaction to finding out she's pregnant is pretty unique, and I like how Stemleaf becomes Spotfur's Boyfriend™ rather than the other way around (ie Bristlefrost's character becoming devoted entirely to her relationship with Rootspring). (Also you've mentioned her in so many videos it seems like you have some stuff to say about her lol)

[@emilypizzitola4834]

When Bramble or Squirrel retire or die Ivypool or Spotfur should be deputy

[@loftwyng131]

AGREED!! I love softfur

[@annabellesgamingadventures5243]

She already had

[@nyra8263]

@@annabellesgamingadventures5243 No she hasn't. Moonkitti has done a video on Stemleaf, but not Spotfur.

[@swansonfamily5386]

Spotfur is an awesome character and I would love to see a video of her!

[@Hadeshy]

YES. I always said Rowanclaw issue was never that he was a bad leader, but that he was never given the chance to be a good leader. That thing were already bad beyond return right from the start. We don't know why Shadowclan's apprentices STARTED disrespecting Rowanclan and how this is his fault. Justice for Rowanclaw.

[@mineash2945]

For this reason i refuse to call him 'rowanclaw' in conversation- he EARNED the name Rowanstar, just as much as Nightstar, and i love the transmasc baby leader whos clan treated him badly bc 'unrelated stuff is your fault actually'

[@CrazyWarriorCatLady]

Dawnpelt would be a fun cat to talk about. Her two sons are dead and one (Juniperclaw) guards the opening between StarClan and the dark forest while another (Sleekwhisker) killed her father, Rowanstar. Dawnpelt raised these kits, yet they essentially became evil, except for Strikestone.

[@sadnoises3766]

A video on Oakstar? He is one of the most disliked/controversial leaders in the fandom, being known for breaking the warrior code by exiling Mapleshade and her kits right before a storm which then caused those kits to die. He let his emotions and personal agenda get in the way of his leader ship, considering that he was under the idea that Mapleshade’s kits had been his kin and even said he wanted those kits to grow up to avenge their father in the end. He had three offspring. Frecklewish and Birchface both got killed, and then he had Pinestar, who left being a leader to go be a kittypet. After Ravenwing’s death, despite his loathing of RC, he had to let Cloudberry be TC’s new replacement since the clan had no one else. He then sent out raids to attack the kittypets.

[@Silvermoon32109]

I agree, he is such wasted potential due to his super edition

[@elderlybrunch4169]

Wait Pinestar was Oakstar's son? Well, that makes Mapleshade's timeline even MORE confusing but whatever 😂😂

[@jeriko_studios]

​@@elderlybrunch4169 pinestar was born sometime after the events of mapleshade's Vengeance, before and slightly midway through bluestar's prophecy and goosefeather's curse, hes older than goosefeather, already being a senior warrior and Deputy by the time goosekit is born, but hes still younger than frecklewish and his late brother birchface, with oakstar having seemingly taken a much younger mate in Sweetbriar who may or may not have literally just evaporated from the narrative right after pinestar's choice

[@totallygarnular]

I feel like Littlecloud would be a good choice for a Talking Video, he was Shadowclan's only medicine cat from Firestar's Quest to Thunder and Shadow. He lived during Brokenstar's tyranny and was inspired to become a medicine cat when Cinderpelt helped heal his Carrionplace sickness. And he was a big help to SC after Runningnose retired. He was also a big help to Jayfeather, he helped him identify the herb parsley, and he helped Jayfeather take care a Briarlight by telling him to the story about Wildfur. His death was also kinda sad, he died before Starclan could give him a new apprentice and because Flametail had already died, he left his clan without a medicine cat. And after all that he was never even mentioned again in the main series. I think it's just sad that he worked so hard for presumably over 5 years, just to never be mentioned or seen again, it seems as if the Erin's and the community forgot about him as a whole.

[@Phonicphennic]

Little loud is one of my favorite medicine cats

[@MiloNgoReborn]

I’d like a Thrushpelt video. Mostly because he’s one of the only characters I’ve ever seen who did not get the girl and did not become a psychopath. Take notes, Ashfur.

[@quicksilveryt4000]

And also Bumblestripe

[@KZFathom]

i believe spotted fur also meets the extremely low standard of never becoming a killer after being rejected

[@rorygibby8974]

YES THRUSHPELT. My favorite respectful man

[@hellainepinetree]

@@quicksilveryt4000what? Bumble was such a “nice guy” it was painful. Thrush all the way

[@quicksilveryt4000]

@@hellainepinetree I meant as an adittion to the 'Take notes, Ashfur' as in Bumblestripe should take notes too

[@_eddielicious]

I am begging, pleading, CRYING for a Gray Wing video. I love Gray Wing with my entire being and I just want to hear someone, anyone talk about him--even if you insult him for 15 minutes straight. I admire that he's forgiving to a fault and really thinks the best of everyone. I think he is a stupid, stupid man and that is beautiful. I haven't read the recent arcs because I simply don't want to but he apparently was one of the cats that let Ashfur in Starclan?? this would be in character for him considering Clear Sky could also be a villain who was a villain because he "loved too much." Im trying so hard not to ramble but a video about the best dad of all warriors would be good!! trust me!!

[@waddle..666]

I WAS JUST ABOUT TO SAY THIS

[@waddle..666]

please i need gray wing we need more light shone on dotc characters

[@rileighmartin6962]

GREY WING

[@liquoricetaffyhearth]

YESSS

[@Vomitperson]

I just commented this lol

[@dawnsunlight]

I would love a talking or mini-talking on Icewing, she's actually done things, both recently and in older arcs(she was a Dark Forest trainee and got temporarily banished from RiverClan for fighting against the Imposter for example) and I want to see more people talk about her because I think she's really cool.

[@leomorris7573]

yay another icewing enjoyer :D i always found it interesting how, just through the stuff she does in the background, she almost has a cohesive character arc. like, following beetlewhiskers death, which is caused by him speaking out against brokenstar, she starts engaging in resistance against tyranny in a super consistent way, where she is very sneaky about her motives and seems to prioritize other cats safety over immediately doing the "right" thing. theres a bit in the last hope following beetlewhiskers death where a bunch of dark forest trainees look really nervous and unsure at a meeting and she pulls them aside and tells them not to show theyre scared or they might get killed (then lies to mapleshades face about what shes doing and says theyre planning their battle strategy, notably using the line "dont forget we have the edge when it comes to fighting the clans, our clanmates *trust* us", which seems to her driving motto through the rest of the series), then in shattered sky shes one of the three riverclan prisoners to "give in" quickly to darktails loyalty pledge only to start a rebellion against the kin once he and his strongest supporters are out of camp, then in veil of shadows when she and harelight are being exiled she doesnt defend herself but DOES defend mothwing, then the bit in the place of no stars where shes talking to shadowsight really makes it seem like tigerstar or dovewing asked her to talk to him so she found an easy excuse to go to the medicine den (shadowsight notes that she shouldnt be getting bones stuck in her teeth since shes used to eating fish which have way more bones to deal with). this all seems super consistent with the characterization we get of her at the end of sky and the preview for shadow we've gotten, where she seems to be trying to convince riverclan to go along with tigerstar not out of any loyalty to him but because its a lot easier to fight back against someone who isnt expecting you to.

[@dawnsunlight]

@@leomorris7573 YES I love how not only does she do a lot relatively speaking for a RiverClan cat, but also after the Dark Forest she's very consistent in her beliefs and actions. She does enough things like being a Dark Forest trainee, going on the journey to bring SkyClan back to the lake in Raging Storm, and being part of the rebel group that you can piece together a story and a character for her, plus I think she's just very cool.

[@Annadog40]

Yes agree 100% Icestar would be best endgame

[@Bananabr34d]

Yes! She’s gotten so much attention and development in Shadow, and Im only hoping she gets more! Icestar for the win!

[@NBwaffleees]

You got your vid!

[@Moonfishii]

I think Leafstar would be a good option for the next talking. Her being the leader of the clan that probably has suffered the most in modern day, and her personality shift. Her super edition, while boring, was still sorta interesting with the entire sharp claw and kittypet drama. Her relationships with Billystorm, Sharpclaw, Hawkwing, Squirrelflight, and echostorm are pretty interesting to me at least. Half of her clan dying, her struggles at the lake, and just how much she had to go through. She’s been the only modern skyclan leader too, and I hope she survives a long time, since either hawkwing is gonna be a bad leader or his entire personality will fade away once he becomes leader. The entire drama with the sisters, too. (I’m totally not biased because she’s my favorite character or anything)

[@sgshsb1709]

Could you talk about palebird? She was Tallstar’s mother and the mate of Sandgorse. She went through post natal depression after losing Tallstar’s sister as a kit, and then after losing Sandgorse, she seemed to just… move onto another mate and forget her old life. Tallstar is seen being very resentful of how she seemingly pushed him aside.

[@lissyfeh4549]

I agree with this, I think PaleBird would be good, I’ve read TallStars revenge, and I think she’s really interesting.

[@wolfiiu]

i never understand the people who say “rowanclaw can’t be trans because he’s just a cat, cats can’t be trans” as if they think cats CAN talk and form organized religions and have straight girlfriend/boyfriend drama and have magic powers. like obviously these books are not supposed to be about realistic real life cats. so why can’t they be trans. in the silly fantasy talking cat books.

[@Romanticoutlaw]

cats irl, also known for: • gathering in giant masses once a month to meow at each other • having a concept of gender to begin with • having organized wars and skirmishes • *being possessed* • *reincarnation* • passing out when touching their noses to specific bodies of water or crystals • performing life-saving surgery and triage • being monogamous • premonitions of the future just, the silliest argument is the one from reality

[@coyotix]

also queer animals are a thing, humans didn't invent the concept of "i don't like being a girl" or "i think i'll date a girl instead of a boy". probably the most famous example is the lesbian penguins. so idk how people see penguins in the real world being lesbians and can understand it's a normal thing, but the second a fictional cat is headcanoned to be trans because of an error? unbelievable. false. wrong. like i don't get it at all, what is the logic here

[@antisocial_butterfly1]

Speaking of Sleekwhisker- please talk about her!! She’s one of like two she-cat villains and she’s the only one of the bunch who turns out horrible. She’s suuuuuper interesting!

[@thecupidintraining]

it would've been interesting if the apprentices were driven away from rowanstar and clan culture by rowanstar being weirdly harsh in an attempt to prove shadowclans strength. taking violetkit then barely caring about her could've been the tipping point for a lot of apprentices, who could've gone from "why do the clans have such silly rules like kittypets are stinky" to "why are the clans so obsessed with being enemies with anyone who isn't their clan? we're all cats" and then manipulated by the kin. you know, like needletail. if the books are so insistent on hating teenagers, they could've even had the apprentices take their valid dislike of certain rules and applied it to all of the rules, thinking clan culture is full of foxdung bc they racist and authoritarian, so clearly nothing about it is worth following. this doesn't conclude well with tigerheartstar becoming leader, but it could connect to him both being in a half clan relationship and the main force against fake bramblestar in the next arc

[@Batterykitten8]

Omg yes this would make sense

[@spooooox]

I don’t hear people talk enough about Icewing who is a background cat with major history, from being an average riverclan warrior to training in the dark forest with her son only to see her son die there, then fighting against the imposter to being exiled and is now dealing with her clan falling apart, shes really going through it, though she seems to play a part in the newest book coming out so her discussion may need to wait until we find out more. But overall a lot to go over with her!

[@Cherryyun_]

Can you please talk about Goldenflower? She died outside of the main books, and I think her character is very interesting! Not only was she Tigerstar's mate, but also the mother of Brambleclaw/star. I think it would be nice to talk about her relationships with them.

[@ameliorateepoch9917]

The way the books treated Rowanclaw/star was honestly sort of cruel. They can’t blame him for not being able to save and restore his clan while another group is destroying it. Besides his relationship with Tawnypelt actually seemed to be healthy, and he seemed to be a caring father. He deserved much more recognition within the books and not just as a lousy leader.

[@mockingbird_lullaby4962]

Mousefur please! She’s such an iconic character, and has always been my favorite! I LOVE how she’s stated to never want a mate or kits, and follows through with it unlike other she-cat’s characters (cough Leopardstar cough). I especially adore her friendship with Longtail and Purdy, as well as her death being perfect for her.

[@elleetchison7374]

I'd like to see one about Spiderleg. He's one of my favorite cats, because of his complicated relationship with Daisy and their kits. He has one of the most interesting side plots, that I wish went on for longer.

[@Phonicphennic]

His death was also way unfair. I love all of Fernclouds children, mainly Spiderleg and Foxleap.. both die off ‘screen’, of course.

[@elleetchison7374]

@@Phonicphennic Definitely! I'll never why understand the writers did that.

[@justapigeonn]

I would LOVE to see a video about Oakheart. I feel like he's falsely displayed by the fandom as some hotshot tiktok frat boy type dude while in reality he's a genuinely affectionate guy who deeply cares about his brother, mate and children. He served as a really nice alternative to Crowfeather and respected Bluestar for her various choices regarding their kits and balanced his loyalty between her and his brother/clan as best as any cat could without things going sour between the two of them. He served as a great foil to Bluefur in my opinion in the sense that he was both ambitious like her yet still carefree and open to mingle with cats from other clans. Bluefur was strict yet curious and compassionate to outsiders, and Oakheart encouraged her to take that leap. Idk I think it would be really sweet to hear an in depth opinion on him honestly cause I feel he's left out a lot despite being a major minor character

[@boystar_17]

I video on Needletail's morality and manipulation of Violetshine, in my respective opinion, would be incredibly interesting and definitely something I'd love to see from you! Her character is incredibly complex in her thought process and inevitable betrayal of the Kin.

[@Cody_Wolf1]

I originally got attached to Rowanclaw cause of the transmasc Headcanons (I myself am a trans man so I immediately latched on to this boi) and then got more and more attached as I crafted my own character for him in my head to give him some backstory Love you Rowanclaw- you absolute failure of a leader TwT

[@Rowan27117]

Yesss, Rowanclaw is my favorite character along with Ivypool, bc of the transmasc headcannons (ima trans guy as well) and I just love how poorly he dealt with the apprentices. He was even part of the reason for me picking Rowan as my chosen name😅

[@jonathancoleman9062]

Honestly Rowanclaw's pretty cool just because it's interesting to see a leader who got pushed out of their position just because they're incompetent and not because they're an absolute tyrant (especially in ShadowClan, where a lot of the leaders we see go through that)

[@FemmeFatale430]

Tallstars revenge is such a good book that's I'd love for you to talk about him tbh

[@lissyfeh4549]

Agreed!

[@SWWIGGLE]

I'd love to see a video on Leapordfoot!!! She birthed the main antagonist of the series and she lost her mate to kittypets.. Overall she'd be super interesting and i'd love to see a talk on her.

[@RobynLapp]

"It reads like a 'we're scared of teenagers' plot." Thank you! This has always bothered me too. Like, there are ways ShadowClan could be written this way that would make sense. Tawnypelt kind of undermined Rowanstar's leadership before it really started by asking Bramblestar for help behind his back. And then Bramblestar added that new rule to the warrior code when Rowanstar is sitting there looking resentful at the public implication his Clan was in danger of being wiped out. And ShadowClan lost a LOT of cats between the allegiances of The Last Hope and those of The Apprentice's Quest (most of them died in the battle with the Dark Forest but there's still Stoatfur, Snowbird's kit, and several elders). And, as you say, Rowanstar makes rash decisions without thinking of the consequences, so there have probably been preventable injuries if not preventable deaths. Maybe Rowanstar has been focusing more on battle training and less on caring for elders (or just helping each other out in general) to make up for needing ThunderClan's help. Remember the oldest ShadowClan cats lived under Tigerstar the first's rule and were raised by cats who accepted Brokenstar's decisions. They may not see consequences of this attitude coming. I notice how Lionpaw and BIrchpaw don't seem concerned about hunting for the sick cats despite their own mother being one of them and how Rippletail and Mistcloud physically knock over a couple of kittens. It doesn't seem to occur to anyone who spent most of their life under Rowanstar that every bit of care they give contributes to their loved ones' chances of survival. And the Clans are so much more peaceful with each other in the newer books that there haven't even been many battles to use those skills in, so a lot of apprentices would rather goof off. Then there's the apprentices themselves: Sleekwhisker always read as a sociopath to me. She may put on a show of caring that Spikefur died or that her family suffered but it's an act just as much as being Yarrowleaf's friend was. All she cares about is her own gain and taking revenge for her life not being perfect. Needletail had that traumatic childhood event where she didn't understand how rare it is for a cat to escape an airborne bird of prey and lost her faith in the Clans way of life. A few bad apples, et cetera, et cetera, especially when the community around the 'apples' is falling apart. But this is mostly headcanon and what we actually got in the text is a writer venting about 'kids these days.' Sigh.

[@songbird6414]

I’d love a mini talking on Russetfur. She had such a ridiculously interesting life out of NO where and no one ever seems to talk about it.

[@Wildspirithecat]

I want a talking video about Purdy! He's the most uncommon of my favorite characters, but he never really gets talked about. I think he's just a sweet old man, and I'd love a video about him!

[@stormSeven]

Side note but I actually like Rowanclaws name for no reason. It’s also one of the names that sound the most alike in the Swedish versions (although I don’t read them anymore since I’m too far ahead) at least compared to cats like Spottedleaf or Runningwind. Rowanclaw is just Rönnklo while Spottedleaf is Fläckblad and Runningwind is Vindsnabb. (It doesn’t even mean Runningwind it means “Wind” “Swift” but yeah ”Springavind” does sound a bit silly so I can see why they did it but honestly Runningwind is already a silly name)

[@FrostShadowStar]

A cat that would be interesting to hear your thoughts about would be Puddleshine. Guy really had enough material going on in the background of Vision of Shadows that he could also have been a fair enough choice as a protaganist. -His leader picked him at random to be Shadowclan's Medicine cat because Littleshine refused to take another apprentice after Flametail -Had only two moons of training under Leafpool before she was asked to leave Shadowclan and he was given his full name -Lost most of his family under Darktail's reign and was powerless to really DO anything for his clan And then, he gets Shadowsight as an apprentice during A Broken Code A cat who not only has a connection to Starclan but always wanted to be a Medicine Cat. And then later when Mothwing comes in, he kinda...defers to her and doesn't really....speak up for his apprentice when she takes over the med. den? LIke, Puddleshine is such an interesting character and I can't help but find it extremely funny how little the Erins are aware of how much backstory they gave him and how much /story/character protentional this guy has

[@ruesjunk]

you should talk about juniperclaw! hes a pretty interesting guy actually, he never killed anyone or did anything insanely violent against his clan, yet he still gets punished (not that hes completely innocent.) though if cats like hollyleaf and mudclaw go to starclan then i think its unfair that juniperclaw got sent to the dark forest. ESPECIALLY after he helped starclan defeat ashfur, it seems so, so unfair.

[@dawncloud700]

I would love for you to talk about Brambleberry. She's very important when it comes to Crookedstar's life, but she's also there to save Deadfoot as a kit and when Yellowfang is made into a medicine cat. That might've been why Brambleberry took Mudfur as her apprentice when he no longer wanted to be a warrior as she had already seen a warrior turn into a medicine cat before. She's a mother figure to Crookedstar growing up and is even the one that brings him to Starclan when he dies. She's my favorite medicine cat and I would love for others to see how important she was outside of Crookedstar's life.

[@Angela-uj3xb]

I'd love to see you talk about Cinderpelt, Brightheart, Thornclaw, and Brackenfur. They are some of the only littermates who each have their own story. Cinderpelt and her injury, Brightheart and her injury aswell and the cloud daisy thing, Thornclaw and the dark forest and him being quite rude in general, and Brackenfur having to lose Sorreltail and Seedpaw in a short amount of time. They're all really interesting characters and I'd love to see you talk about them.

[@Smileyface8433]

I think Thrushpelt would be interesting to talk about, at least for a mini-talking! I love his relationship with Bluestar, as a potential romantic interest but also as a steadfast and steady friend that helps her genuinely with no expectation of recompense. Even though she can be snappy and frustrated with him, and ultimately does not return his affections, he's implied to be her close friend for the rest of his life. Compared to some *other* characters I could name, his emotional maturity is amazing and really admirable. Plus this line from the end of Bluestar's Prophecy always gets me: "[Thrushpelt]...only ever spoke of the lost kits with the fond grief of a father." Also he seemed like a really nice guy? Like Goldenpaw and Spottedpaw seemed to really like him as a mentor, and he seemed like a very competent teacher for what little we see of him. He's fun to be around but still a good mentor. I know he's a fairly bland background character but idk, i just think he's neat! Ignore this last part if you dont want to mention Th*stleclaw at all but in Spottedleaf's Heart I thought it was really interesting how he's presented, as an adult who encourages Spottedpaw to work hard but stay within her limits, as opposed to Thistleclaw who has her climb a giant frickin tree even though she tells him she isnt ready. Thrushpelt even suggests being a medicine cat to her which, despite readers' opinions about the agency of Spottedleaf being taken away, shows his perceptive nature.

[@Indigoisaspookyghost]

I agree with this a lot, I was about to suggest this

[@ThePeregrinestar]

24:49 SO glad you addressed this. I remember reading AVOS and struggling to figure out what the message was with that, cuz I couldn't find any concrete reason for the apprentices to be acting like that, and I started to wonder if that part of the story was some kind of boomer propaganda about "kids these days" or something.

[@leomorris7573]

Star Flower next? Her personality seeming to go from "extremely sneaky and definitely evil" to "perfect kind mate" the MOMENT she gets with Clear Sky has always been fascinating to make and makes me wonder if there was some sort of writer miscommunication because the earlier parts of Forest Divided REALLY seem to imply shes manipulating clear sky and it just. goes no where.

[@Ri-jn1wq]

I would like to see a talking video for Russetfur, since she was brought up. She has a really interesting presence in general but her backstory as a rogue is really intriguing to me. Red's position was a lot like Rusty's, like, interestingly so. I don't know if the parallel was intentional but with the name it certainly seems that way.

[@spinoraptor2189]

I think that it would be really cool if you talked about BrightFlower, YellowFangs mother. She lost two of her kits and than blamed her own daughter on killing them. She joined the “Elder Camp” we saw in NightPelt’s graphic novel, and maybe you could also talk about NutWhisker and RowanBerry, who both never existed until YellowFangs super edition. I’ve always liked and kind of respected her because she pulled through a lot of heartbreak, and is lots of times overshadowed. BrightFlower for the talk!

[@moonstar_draws6283]

I think Twigbranch would be interesting to talk about…not many people read AVoS and I think they should because Twigbranch. She was very cute when she wanted to give the feather to Violetkit and she was always hanging out with Alderheart. She switched clans a lot and had Finleap as a mate and he wanted to have kits and she didn’t, and she actually got her way. She trained her apprentice in the blink of an eye and people used to love making fun of her name. gUYS calm down it’s a fine name.

[@fredpam2382]

“Not many people read AVoS” are you making stuff up so Twigbranch gets a video

[@songbird6414]

No it’s not a fine name. It’s a stupid name from conception to speech. I will forever be salty that they have a joke name to a POV CHARACTER.

[@kateb6699]

I'm only recently getting caught back up w the series & would like to hear more about Twigbranch :] I like that she wasn't pressured into having kits, it's esp unique when you consider how so many girl protagonists in this series end up being mothers. I do think her name kind of sucks but I also love it and anyone who tries to change it is a coward.

[@moonstar_draws6283]

@@fredpam2382 I mean, I know a lot of people who dropped off after The Last Hope

[@moonstar_draws6283]

@@songbird6414 It's not any worse than Hawkfrost...

[@feathered_turtle]

I’d like to hear something about Shellheart. He actually really cared about Crookedkit, and opposed the name change, and generally just A Good Dad. I’d like to hear your thoughts on him.

[@intergalactic4323]

PLEASE do a video on clear sky! he’s a very unique cat because his villain arc is more so characterized by manipulation than by pure mania or bloodlust. he has his redemption arc, but he didn’t get fully flanderized by the end of the arc, and he still kept hints of his manipulative nature, as well as taking a manipulative wife which is like the she-cat version of himself

[@abigailclark4999]

Blackstar canonically made Rowanclaw deputy just to say trans rights, what an icon

[@sadshyraven1925]

I would love to see someone talk about Bug and Bunny from Pebbleshines kits. I just loved the idea of a cat and a dog being best friends and it’s probably the only one in the series and they are so underrated. There is no pictures for them for the wiki and I have only seen one fan art of them.

[@fauxclaws]

rowanclaws unironically is my favorite leader, he's just so interesting and unique. I don't think we've seen another leady struggle so hard and just not be fit for the job

[@LadyBrightcynder]

Could you talk about Puddleshine sometime? I think he's a really interesting character with how he essentially got forced into an incredibly tough situation while still a child, and kept his sweetness all the way through it. I also just love Moonkitti's design for him :3 Edit: changed my mind on which character I asked about lol

[@almondtofuchan3157]

It’d be cool to see your opinion on some of the queens from DotC, like Bright Stream, Turtle Tail, Storm, Holly, Star Flower, Violet, etc. Maybe it could be one big mini video talking about how… interestingly the queens were written in those books. Idk they’re just some of my favorite characters and (as far as I remember) not THAT bad as far as warrior cats female characters go. ((Holly is best girl))

[@waddle..666]

besides star flower, pretty much every dotc reader can agree that she is the absolute worst. the only video i’d want with her is just moonkitti roasting her

[@_no_moon_]

Never realized how poetic Rowankit is to Rowanclaw. Very cool! I’d really like a mini-talking video about Flutterfoot. He’s a WindClan cat who doesn’t exist outside of the allegiances, and is the brother to the current WindClan medicine apprentice. Not only does he have an incredibly cute name, but I also feel like it could lead into an interesting discussion about other nearly non-existent cats, WindClan’s recent irrelevance, or even the quantity > quality warriors has taken. Great video!

[@koidallas]

I would absolutely love to see a video about Shrewtooth. I feel like he’s hardly spoken about at all despite having an absolutely amazing story, though that might just be me

[@crying3608]

the middle of this video is one big reminder about how damn confusing AVOS was, I've read the arc maybe 3 times and I still couldn't recall what events happen in which order and who half of the characters are, so kudos for getting through that in a comprehensive way

[@foxshapedagate]

I'd love if you talked about Hawkheart or Mistmouse. They are pretty well-known background characters from Tallstar's revenge imo, and I've always liked Hawkheart as a character since he's always been like that one wise grandpa who speaks in riddles to me. With Mistmouse, I'm not really sure why I want a video about her, just for funsies I'm guessing. I've always thought Mistmouse was a grey and white she-cat with pinkish eyes, but I guess she isn't. She's a pretty boring character in most appearances I think, but idk.

[@catinapuddle]

I'd love to hear a talking video on Flywhisker, Thrustpelt, Tree, Spotfur, or maybe Needletail. I always considered Flywhisker to be a very underrated, but interesting character. In Avos, Her and Twigbranchs relationship/mentorship was very rocky and I felt it never got proper closure. I liked that Flypaw was forgetful and didn't always succeed at the tasks Twigbranch gave her, unlike her peers who did everthing so easily. As someone with ADHD that grew up in a school system that never accommodated to different learning styles, I related to her heavily. I also think it was very interesting that she chose to become a kittypet in the broken code. A mini talking would definitely suit her due to her short character arc.

[@Lilywithcatears]

Could you talk about Yarrowleaf next? She's played an interesting part throughout her life, she was one of the apprentices who joined Darktail in VoS but came back because of her kits. And in the new ark she's one of the cats who's working with Berryheart against the new code changes and other Clans cats joining. She's mean and I love her. And she has a cool name.

[@Lilywithcatears]

She's in Shadowclan, almost forgot.

[@mooneatsworms]

R3ALL

[@smartyreads]

Can you do a talking video on Echomist? In Crookedstar's Promise, she takes care of Crookedkit when Rainflower neglects him. She lets him sleep with her kits in her nest since Rainflower doesn't let Crookedkit sleep in her's. She was also Hailstar's mate and mother to Beetlenose, Petaldust, and Voletooth. She cared for Crookedkit alongside Brambleberry as well as give Crookedstar one of his nine lives with the gift of a mother's love. I think she was very kind and caring towards Crookedkit when he was in the nursery. Thank you!

[@spectacularslowpoke6018]

Could you please talk about Tigerheartstar next? I feel that with current events lots of the fandom misunderstand him. I’ve seen several people call what he’s doing in the current arc “out of character” when it really isn’t in my opinion when you look at the guys whole history rather than just the broken code arc. His characterisation is really interesting and fascinating and I wish more people could realise this. And this is coming from an avid hater of the guy.

[@yay29823]

Tigerheartstar is one of the few characters allowed to be a jerk and still have feelings/don't be evil

[@chocomelo454]

I like to imagine that, perhaps, Rowankit getting the transmasc swag deal was intentional. Vicky came back for a second and went "no no, we need to do it again." the transmasc swag is generational.

[@Jayfeather4x]

Rowanclaw is one of those characters that I didnt really care about until they became a leader. I like to picture them as a character that kind of suffers from tragedy of circumstances where they were handed a shadowclan that was at that time very unstable from within and I like the idea of them stepping down as a leader to let someone else take over. Its a shame that we dont see more of this where leaders step down and we still see cats talk to them and them do stuff as elders/warriors as I feel like it would be potentially very interesting especially if they shared stories and experiences from their leader periods. Im kinda sad how most fandom and even the books to some extent label rowanstar as a bad leader as the challenges that he had to deal with are much more problematic than what most other leaders face

[@lavenderwafer9303]

I’d honestly like to see Nutmeg(Firestar’s mother). I know there’s not much to talk about, but it would be nice for a short video, or maybe just one about kittypets in general

[@_void_with_eyes_]

I'd honestly really really like a video about Darkstripe. He's a stinky evil guy who I absolutely adore just because he has absolutely no redeeming qualities, also because he's such a little sheep just following Tigerstar. I've always considered him to be really funny and honestly pretty interesting, he follows Tigerstar and obviously looks up to the evil man, but it doesn't seem like Tigerstar really cares much about him in return. I've also always thought it was really interesting how Darkstripe was Graystripe's brother (or a family member of some sort, my memory is a little fuzzy) and it was Graystripe who ended up killing him.

[@vvzov]

Honestly Pinestar I would love to get a talking video for. I like how hes one of the few cats to actually go against starclans wishes and decided to do what was best for himself instead, without coming off as selfish but just a guy who needed time away from the brutality of the clans and responsibility as leader (and also addressing how living in the clans isn't exactly the amazing experience that all the cats make it out to be). His friendship with shanty and the other kittypets, along with his growing interest in twoleg place, was really sweet. He's also just an interesting addition to tigerstars backstory because knowing that his father left him to become a kittypet gives a lot more context to his disdain for fireheart.

[@TheodoreJMcGillicuddy.]

I would love to chat about Brambleberry ! Though she didn’t get that many appearances , the few she does get are incredibly interesting, in my opinion . In Crookedstar’s book, she sort’ve acted as a second mother at time to him ; and she’s donated herbs do a differing clan, before . I do simply love her as a character , she’s a good medicine cat, that isn’t as stereotypical as alderheart, or willowshine . I feel as if she’s a bit underrated , compared to other characters like mothwing , firestar or- again, alderheart . ( not to hate on him! I do love alderheart ! ) I’d love to see her get talked about, and, perhaps get a few more fans? Thank you so much for taking the time to read this !

[@8bit-elements]

I would be interested with a talking about Jagged Peak. He always felt so strange to me by his weird connections to other characters such as Cinderpelt and Sparkpelt.

[@RubberduckStudios]

please jayfeather, he’s literally such an interesting character, because of his personality and well obviously- his power.

[@DenkiNasu]

I would adore seeing anything on Littlecloud. I feel like he is one of the most forgotten about medicine cats. I love how he became a medicine cat after Cinderpaw had deliberately disobeyed Yellowfang to help him & Runningnose, how he lived through multiple leaders (and clans technically with Tiger/LionClan), how he struggled being the only medicine cat after Flametail's death... plus overall, he was very well written and fairly consistent even after author changes.

[@littletwinstarsmoonlight]

What about MudClaw? I believe he would’ve been a great leader if TallStar didn’t dismiss him. He also could’ve been a great warrior or still been deputy if he didn’t rebel. I believe they didn’t mention if he also went to Starclan or the Dark Forest. He could’ve had a chance to still be alive and not rebel against WindClan. I think MudClaw would’ve been able to do great things if he was leader (even tho he could’ve killed his clan)

[@emilypizzitola4834]

He's in starclan! They show it at the end of his graphic novel.

[@Sunnycycle-]

I'd really like a Purdy! He's actually an intresting character, always taking care of the kits and apprentices, telling stories to entertain yet he's always seen as an annoying character. His sadness is often talked about, refusing to eat, accepting death, and he even says that he'll just stay on the side of the path in Bramblestar's Storm

[@yakketyyak6414]

Love to get a video about Brightheart, I grew up with power of three and I really liked her character immediately, though was quickly sad that she wasn’t treated very well by the story.

[@angstyIlia]

I think that Thrushpelt could be a could candidate for a talking video. He never showcased bitterness over Bluestar having kits with someone else and filled the role of the kits father happily,(and he also was even more involved with his foster kits more then most toms are even towards their biological kits except maybe Dustpelt). To me he’s just a sweet Cinnamon-roll character, and even though he’s a background character he makes an impact. Also he is just one of the more interesting background characters

[@LovelyWinter7]

And just like birtchfall, birtchkit is the only kit left in his litter😭

[@hyahymnal]

I'd love a video on Brackenfur. His stunted apprenticeship was always so interesting to me.

[@Smileyface8433]

(i say this with all the love, as a not cis person myself) we stan a transmasc fail king. rowanclaw is an absolute icon, we love a guy who fails upwards, then falls steeply, steeply down

[@blossompetal3644]

Can you talk about Barley? I think that his past was really interesting, and while most people just focus on Ravenpaw’s past, Barley also had a traumatizing past, if not more. And I think that he would be a great cat to talk about.

[@meghanrodriguez2393]

Hello! I would like to propose Russetfur as a topic. Mainly because throughout the years, for some reason I mixed up Rowanclaw and Russetfur. I genuinely don't know why and would like to have my brain refreshed on who Russetfur was as a warrior. I remember liking her as a kid, or I think I did.

[@Fleef]

i’m casting my vote for starflower! i recently re-read dotc since it’s been so many years and i think she’s unintentionally hilarious. love your videos!!

[@vrubin]

Yellowfang’s Secret provides ALL the context for why ShadowClan doesn’t follow the warrior code anymore. (Spoiler warning) Raggedstar was bullied for being a rogue, so he made his only son (an apprentice) his deputy. Raggedstar didn’t follow the code, his son Brokenstar didn’t know about the code, and so ShadowClan lost its tradition of living by the warrior code because of it’s insufficient leadership. Yellowfang was warned with visions about Brokenstar from the beginning - a Vision Of Shadows is the repercussions of Brokenstar being born and becoming leader. Rowanstar did his best. I love his humbling character arc.

[@Spectorwing]

You should talk about Heathertail, she is a she-cat with so many little moments and situations going for her but is so under explored.

[@miragracestudios5104]

Ah yes, Rowanclaw. Thanks to you, my only headcanon of him is that he uses Microsoft Excel 😭😂

[@NellaJade]

I like rowanstar. I really like him. He’s just a silly guy trying his best. Leading a clan must be very hard, and especially when everyone is blaming every single thing that goes wrong on you. He seems like a sweet cat who didn’t deserve any of the turmoil he suffered. Him and Tawnypelt are a cute couple, too, imo.

[@GweenOfTea]

I’d love to see you do a talking about Jagged Peak! The often forgotten disabled character of the series 😭

[@whailful]

I'd like to see a video about Thrushpelt. I think that he is the sweetest boy in the series. Well I won't say that he is great just because he didn't act like Ashfur or Bramblestripe. Because, obviously, their behavior isn't morally unacceptable and you can't call a person good just because they don't act like an abuser. But Trushpelt not only accepted the fact that Bluefur don't likes him, but also became an adoptive father to her children. He never insisted on this tho, just softly offered his help when Blue needed this. Instead of trying to become her mate, Trushpelt does what he can to make Bluefur feel happy. I read Bluestar prophesy when I was unrequitedly in love, and reading about Trushpelt really helped me a lot (I'm sorry if there are some mistakes in my text, english isn't my native language)

[@ellobees9634]

I'd love to see a video about crookedstar!! his book was one of my favorites and his story was always resonated with me. Love the video Moonkitti, Its great as always!

[@Cyn.Cynical]

A video on Brambleberry would be great! Especially given everything she did for crookedstar!

[@mycatjustatecorn]

You could do a video about Dawnpelt, I found how she just randomly accused Jayfeather of murder was interesting, and in the Shadowclan POV she seems quite nice, but sometimes snappy or smthn. I think it would be nice to see a talking video about her, and I also just wanna know her thoughts behind it and why she accused him.

[@yukaii0]

35:12 this drawing of rowanclaw and rowankit has to be one of the cutest things ever. Part of me wants to think that the Erins made this "mistake" on purpose. A homage of sorts.

[@Pineshad]

I found out that in Graystripes vow “then” allegiances, Rowanclaw is portrayed as a she cat, which I find interesting, because Graystripes vow is one of the newer books, compared to arc 2

[@fuzya8636]

The writers probably: Ok, we've had the litteral hell cats instigate the conflict last arc, now who could be more threatening ? ... That's it ! Teenagers !

[@baku6030]

I would love a video on Goosefeather! His novella was insanely weird and I like his character lmao

[@iyote]

The "apprentice rebellion" part of AVoS always rubbed me the wrong way... felt like the authors were vaguely criticizing the younger generation for "questioning tradition" at all (since there really wasn't any overarching ideology that the apprentices held, nor a clear flaw with Rowanclaw's leadership). The way I read it, it seemed like he was initially too soft of a leader towards his clanmates for not calling out the apprentices that ate prey on hunts, which lead them to become more daring in criticizing their leader, pushing the boundaries of clan life, and wanting to take power for themselves instead of being "put in their place." So when he does start cracking down on their behavior, they leave. And yet at the same time, they say he's weak and that they want a strong leader. Do they want a more lax society or not? It really doesn't make sense - the only thing that seems constant is that they don't take their leader's authority at face value, and they're seeking a new way of life. And "The youth shouldn't question authority or traditions" really doesn't seem like a good message in a kids book tbh...

[@Thochii]

i would love to see you talk about petalfur !! she doesnt have too much going for her admittedly, but shes just a lil sweetheart- shes the only cat who went to break the beaver damn that was nice to dovepaw/wing afterwards, shes grandmother to frostpaw, and i think its fascinating that both the riverclan cats, she and rippletail, that went on the beaver journey ended up not being able to be burried with the rest of their clan, rather dying in a place too far to carry them back. i also like to think that she may be partially blind in one eye due to the thorn she got stuck in it as a kit !! she has a lot of room for headcanons and is just an overall silly kitty

[@haw_stickstone]

would love a talking video about that funny old man. rock. it’s always been funny to me that we have this question mark of a character, someone with so much weird information surrounding that it’s become hard to get a cohesive read on his backstory is vague and confusing, i’m still unsure on whether he’s a ghost or immortal, and all of his advice is just. bad to the point of being more antagonistic than helpful would love to see you try to get a more cohesive read on him cause seriously what is that old man’s problem

[@CrossCalipso]

I’d love a goosefeather video! He’s one of my favorite cats, and his dealings with prophecies and delusions later on in life is so interesting and relatable. Plus, cooky old man funny.

[@-Itz-Cookiez-and-Cream-]

Can you talk about Tawnypelt? She’s my second favorite character, and has to me, like the worst mate and kids. Also how she left her clan for her ‘great dad; and yet names one of her kids by him despite what he did. But she has nice character, of her mostly reaching out for thunder clan, knowing she’ll get help from her bro bramblestar.

[@s1lents0ng]

Id love to see a video of Lionblaze. Hes one of my personal least favorite cats. Its always struck me as odd how he is a literal serial killer and nobody thinks anything of it. It blows my mind how Hollyleaf, who killed ONE cat who had threatened her and her siblings, Is hated by people and debated over whether she's a villain or not, meanwhile Lionblaze, who killed MULTIPLE cats for no specific reason is treated like your average guy?? I have a suspicious feeling its related to the sexism present in both the series and the fanbase.

[@legrandliseurtri7495]

All of the deaths he caused were in the middle of a battle, that's the difference. Accidents happen. They sure happen suspiciously often for Lionblaze, but most cats do believe they were all accidents. Hollyleaf's decision to murder Ashfur was calculated. She followed him with the intent to kill him. Also, yes, Ashfur threatened her siblings and her, but Hollyleaf kills him long after that danger has passed. She explicitly says she killed him to prevent him from revealing the fact that she's not Squirrelflight's daughter, and while she tries to justify this action to herself by pretending that this was done for the protection of her clan, in reality, she's done it to protect her reputation.