Mount Ontake's Massive Landslide; 8 Mile Long Path of Destruction

[@pigbenis8366]

I lived in San Diego from 2005-2010. In 2010 on Easter Sunday the 7.2 earthquake hit Baja California. My wife and i had laid down to take a nap. It woke us both up and it actually scared the hell out of me. The water in the pool outside was sloshing out. Ive been through dozens of hurricanes, been through extremely strong dust storms in Iraq that picked up a stack of glass windows for heavy equipment, about 4-5" thick and sent it flying to the other side of our compound(several hundred feet), been through a deployment in Iraq. I'd have to say that the ground moving under my feet was probably one of the most terrifying feelings I've ever had. I never want to go through an earthquake, especially that strong ever again.

[@RangerMcFriendly]

Lived in SoCal from 1993-2005. The larger earthquakes were really scary for me as a kid. The Landers quake and Northridge quake were both very strong down in southern Orange County. Landers actually knocked me off my top bunk. I woke up on the floor uninjured but very perplexed until I realized what was happening.

[@ChthonicEsotericism]

that earthquake is one of my earliest memories. i remember sitting on the bed not really knowing what to do while my older sister was freaking out and basically dragged me underneath the table with her lol. i cant 100% remember what it felt like unfortunately, but i really just remember the suddenness of it, like the earth woke up and was angry

[@sterling7673]

Yeah earthquakes are not fun. I remember Loma Prieta in '89, was only 6 and I was with my dad walking back from my friend's place down the street. The streets undulated like a wave, the sound of all the houses shaking and then watching a power line arc and snap down the road starting a small fire in the creek behind the houses.

[@kennyjones559]

​@@RangerMcFriendly I lived in Bakersfield at the time, well north of Northride earthquake. It woke us up & knocked us down. I had to crawl to the door because each time I tried to stand I was knocked back to the floor. A friend of mine lived in Northridge. He couldn't even get out of his bed. The apartment building that collapse down onto the first floor, killing those residents, was only a block away from his apartment complex.

[@RangerMcFriendly]

@ yeah that day was awful. I remember seeing the aftershocks rolling the pavement of our street. I actually got into physics as a hobby of sorts after that. I couldn’t believe waves could do that and the road not be broken apart.

[@mindulle21]

A similar situation happened here in Nicaragua in October 1998 at the Casita Volcano Due to the extreme rainfall produced by Hurricane Mitch, the southern side of the volcano collapsed due to the more than 500 millimeters of rainfall it had sustained, it became a devastating lahar that wiped two towns out of the map, accounting for more than 2000 casualties , it is estimated that the lahar had traveled at a speed of 15 meters per second and reached a maximum width of around 150 to 250 meters and created hills on what used to be a plain valley. Some sources claim that due to the volcanic nature of the soil, some of the mud was still hot enough to cause skin burns although im not sure if that has been completly confirmed.

[@xwiick]

Thanks for all the hard work on these videos!

[@811dal54]

I truly appreciate these retrospective analytics. I've watched reports over the years that while news worthy did NOT get into the why & how. Each time we look at these events with a new perspective, we LEARN more about our Earth & how to quantify the processes that occured. Thank you for presenting this.

[@jserkiz06]

Very concise report. Thank you for your research and presentations.

[@ruthwaugh8896]

Wow really interesting thanks. The earth sure does move. I live in Nelson NZ, my Dad took me tramping years ago and showed me what can still be seen of the Inangahua earthquake in the 60's I think.

[@mikeyd946]

I love learning about the history of past disasters

[@MarkusMöttus-x7j]

Jaysus man.. You scared the living daylights out of me! 😨 I thought this was new just because you covered Ontake-san yesterday 😅 Well thanks for almost giving me a heart attack 😂😂

[@jjMcCartan9686]

Careful going to the bathroom...those mats might make you trip 😂😂

[@seahag6118]

😅I know like wait what? But then I saw the 1984 on the pic diagram😄 After my St Helen...I just streamed that massive Indonesian tsunami on Disney or Netflix.. I just love this KZbin channel!❤

[@Me-ei8yd]

Well done! You are getting better and better! Thank you for what you do! ♥️🇨🇦♥️

[@nixnox4852]

This is exactly the sort of thing I fear will happen in the pacific northwest when we finally get "the big one". Lots rain saturating the many hills and mountains, causing rock "avalanches" that can traveling for miles.

[@nagasako7]

Imagine picking mushrooms... Then seeing a literal mountain falling towards you

[@johncamp2567]

Captivating and detailed graphics; nicely presented (..as always).

[@carltauber2939]

You presented the aftereffects of the earthquake with amazing detail in both place and time. Please tell us a bit about how all these data were measured. Clearly there was monitoring equipment already in place before the earthquake that was neither destroyed nor buried in the aftermath.

[@StuffandThings_]

This seems to have a lot of similarities to the Osceola mudflows, albeit at a much smaller scale. The presence of hot springs could signal some hydrothermally altered rock too. I wonder if the Osceola flow was similarly triggered by an earthquake.

[@jwm6314]

I was in Palmdale, CA for the Northridge quake. Oirase for the 3/11 quake and tsunami. Richmond for the quake that broke the Washington Monument later that year. They were all drastically different experiences.

[@wittacism]

excellent video, thank you for showing your cited works in the video as well!

[@NorCalMtnBiker86]

Wow that land slide is absolutely WILD!! Like an epic snow avalanche but of Earth!

[@diffrntlytwistd7442]

WOW, that must have been chaos, 40 seconds of getting jerked around and THEN the roaring began causing death and damages in so many separate areas around the mountain

[@hertzer2000]

After watching you and Nick Zentner I've learned the ground hardly stops moving. Cheers.

[@jonnywatts2970]

Nick is awesome 👍

[@seahag6118]

Gotta ask Did you take some voice lessons? I just love your cadence and smooth way of speaking & your annunciation is wonderful! I never comment but after such a rough day that & I thought to bless someone else's day incase someone else needed it Love that you do sci-fi as well Just did a month on Disney+ just so I could rewatch "Fire of Love (Katia & Maurice Kraft) over n over I was in Seattle when St Helens erupted & a friend k his 2 daughters survive a camping trip there when she blew which started my love of volcanoes.. from a distance😜 Ok hope this boosts your algorithm & $ Your fan Jan❤🤓

[@jenniferaddison3829]

Another great video!

[@kevinedwards7206]

hoover dam took over 3 million cubic meters of concrete to build. 35 million is incredible.

[@duaneharnes]

I am intrigued by long run out land slides and recent developments in their study and the theory of materials levitating on the sound waves produced by the sliding material.

[@israelSamuel-ur4vq]

Geology Hub always finds a place to put his name whenever there’s space❤

[@callmeishmael3031]

Is this any different from what happens to the Hawaiian islands on a regular basis (every 20,000 years average supposedly) when massive parts of an island slides off into the ocean? The largest known landslide on the planet is the Great Nuuanu Slide caused when the northeastern half of the Koolau volcano of Oahu slid into the Pacific. Heavy sustained period of rain, major earthquake, and underlying magma leading to massive landslide. Every Hawaiian island has had many in its history.

[@planetdisco4821]

Had to cross the rubble of what looked to be a fairly recent landslide while trekking in Nepal in 1992. It was just peanuts to this but still looked like the entire face of a 1000 metre plus mountain (regarded as a “hill” by the locals lol) had just peeled off and slid down into the valley. There were boulders the size of houses in amongst all the torn earth that must’ve just rolled around like marbles. Needless to say I kept a wary eye upslope as I scrambled my way across the scree …

[@peelingoffthelayers]

Thank you.

[@Henchman314]

A fascinating & concise breakdown. 😊

[@timjim10]

“The area directly above the epicenter did not experience the most shaking.” Not what most would expect but due to the liquid magma and hydro-thermal system.

[@rayopeongo]

Would all of the recent rain have helped to ‘lubricate’ the land slides, reducing friction and allowing them to travel farther?

[@Dragrath1]

Almost certainly in fact they would have completely changed the behavior of the slide to behave more as a debris flow than a conventional landslide. Debris flows are a major geological phenomenon of huge destructive potential which occur whatever saturated soil is present which it sounds like would have been the case and these kinds of flows were notably in the news after Hurricane Helene triggered lots of these events in the southern Appalachian mountains. In fact in principal it is possible smaller landslides might have even contributed to pushing the underlying seismic stress loading over the threshold needed to rupture especially if as Geology Hub suspects the flank of the volcano affected was at least in part composed of hydrothermally altered and rotten rock. Notably the presence of hot springs in the disaster would also improve the odds of this interpretation being possibly correct though not certain. The behaviors of this collapse also supports this fluid debris flow interpretation as run ups are a hallmark feature of these dense fluid flows. Philip Price and his Channel The Geomodels has done some good in depth details on this phenomenon focused on the Appalachian mountains particularly the areas in North Carolina as that is the state where he works as a landslide risk assessor particularly in the videos he published in the aftermath of Helene. Point is while Geology Hub assumes that the quakes were the trigger the timing and outflow are possibly also consistent with a mixed trigger where say an ongoing slow moving landslide and or full fledged debris flows may have already been set into motion following the intense rainfall of the preceding days but regardless of the trigger this would have been a very fluid event even if the bulk of the material mobilized was rock sediment and any debris in its path.

[@infinidominion]

Lots of water saturating the land also adds a lot of weight to add to the kinetic energy

[@maurasmith-mitsky762]

Those poor people. Sad. 😢

[@YewtBoot]

Good coverage of a complex event. If you can still edit, the units for sideways acceleration need to be corrected.

[@explorationandhistorywithethan]

Im curious about the volcanoes between Puhahonu and the French Frigate Shoals. I believe they are called "Brooks Banks" or something like it. These strand of volcanoes fascinate me because of how they are laid out parallel against each other and how one has the longest rift zone I had ever seen. These seamounts are often forgotten about, so maybe shine some light on them?

[@sambowz9077]

Love your content!

[@FutureMaster999]

This is quite a cool story to tell!

[@jaredharris1940]

I recall the still visible damage of the he ken dam earthquake in Yellowstone decades ago.

[@jaredharris1940]

Perhaps you could do an issue on the newborn dam earthquake in the near future!

[@hokeypokeypots]

I live on a giant sandbar called Long Island. Aside from the occasional hurricane, nothing interesting happens here. But I guess at one point in the future, it will submerge into the sea.

[@Me3stR]

Given the proximity to the volcano, both in time and distance, might this earthquake have been volcanic in origin? If so, how?

[@rockypalmquist7288]

Amazing!!!

[@pseudononymouse]

I watch your shows regularly and learn much from you. I would like to suggest a simplification of the narration which might be useful: in the narration, please say distances in either feet/miles and provide the equivalent in metric on the screen momentarily, or say the distances in metric verbally and simultaneously flash what that is in feet/miles. Then the story would be clearer to listen to, and many seconds of your saying "or xxx miles per hour" and so forth would be saved. It also might help your viewers get used to thinking in the other system of measurement. I've seen other video presenters that discuss measurements in only one standard and show the alternative measurement as a brief subtitle and it works well. Thanks for considering this.

[@brucekuehn4031]

I am reminded of a saying from Fats Waller (1904 - 1943) - “One never knows, do one?” Out picking mushrooms and suddenly …

[@cal-native]

I was in Chatsworth when the 1971 Sylmar quake hit. I was tossed out of bed. My geologist father immediately moved us to the living room. Mom was a nurse at Granada Hills Hospital. She got trapped by several patient's beds on the second floor; they were screaming and pulling out IVs all over hhe place. I have a vivid memory of our chandelier, suspended from our two-story vaulted ceiling, eerily swinging back and forth like a pendulum for what seemed like ages. It was really something.

[@MottyGlix]

I am surprised that you refer to the epicenter as being underground. It had always been my understanding that the *center* of a quake is usually deep underground, and the *epicenter* of the quake is the point on the _surface_ nearest the center. While I expect general news media to confuse the two, I didn't expect that from a geologist.

[@GRosa]

At 1:08: units of acceleration are in distance per time squared, e.g. meters (or feet) per second squared.

[@b.6603]

Literally 1984

[@cliffordbaxter1992]

I experienced the Silmar earthquake when I was a kid 😐 Shook everyone out of bed and onto the floor 😳 8 Aquarium's hit the floor, and I damm near dround 😐 Earth Quake's will DEFINITELY get your attention ✝️🇺🇸😐

[@alopam]

0:46 That would be a Hypocenter, not an Epi

[@mikloskecsmar38]

I noticed my comment was removed, can you tell me why did you do it?

[@JamaicaWhiteMan]

Thanks, but it would have been easier to understand if you'd used a DEM rather than Google Earth.

[@tigertiger1699]

🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@stevejohnson3357]

Sometimes, it's good to sleep in a little.

[@R.B.]

Considering the makeup of the landslide was largely ash from the volcano and water which had soaked the ground, isn't this in many ways like a lahar? Should it just be called a lahar instead of a landslide?

[@richardpowell1425]

The rocky granite ridge collapsed not deposits of loose ash.

[@R.B.]

​@@richardpowell1425is it granite? That would suggest that this is the second volcano in this spot because that would mean the granite ridge was an old magma chamber which cooled and then was uplifted. From the satellite views, it looks more like the ridge is part of the volcano itself.

[@alanrobinson4318]

Heavy rain combined with lots of movement = liquifaction.

[@janiceacaron7951]

OMG! That voice?

[@sylviahacker6695]

Yikes!

[@lauram9478]

❤❤

[@TheYupikeddy]

Also think of the upliftin' of WA an the Mid Wes - Mad.¡d. Also the risin' of Aniakchak Crator! The rise is steady like a heart beat but will belch upon affliction.

[@greenmanofkent]

How can bodies of liquid amplify seismic waves? Liquids do not transmit s-waves.

[@stargazer5784]

That's precisely the point. The author has posited that bodies of liquid dramatically slowed the s-waves, causing their amplitudes to increase substantially. While not exactly the same in terms of the physics at play , the effect is similar to what happens when a tsunami encounters shallow water. The forward velocity slows, but the wave height increases. In this case, the s-waves were trapped between two bodies of liquid, so their energy couldn't spread over as wide an area as it typically would. This had the effect of concentrating, or amplifying, the ground movement in a smaller than usual area. That's my take anyway.

[@greenmanofkent]

@@stargazer5784 I still have a problem with this. Fluids cannot transmit s-waves - therefore how could they amplify them? Second, the epicentre was very shallow - about 2km - but the magma chamber was posited to be 4 - 12 km deep, well below the epicentre. So, even if the magma could amplify the waves, they would be traveling downward, away from the epicentre and the surface. I did a search on "seismic wave amplification", and none of the many items seemed to make any reference to magma or other liguids. All of them referred to sediment or rock layering or topography.

[@goodwaterhikes]

👍👍

[@gbear8207]

Narrator's voice is comical!

[@LionelM-i2f]

👍♥️🙂

[@ObsoletePencil]

Dude said "all the sudden" respect -10

[@bigrooster6893]

If the volcano didn’t erupt 5 years prior the landslide probably would’ve never happened.

[@Dragrath1]

I don't think we can say that, debris flows tend to occur wherever you have the combination of steep slopes and at least 5 inches worth of rain according to Philip Price who works with the state of NC on landslide and debris flow risk assessments. The resulting slide or slides from such rain and seismicity would likely have involved at lot less material but smaller slides would almost certainly occur along a region with this kind of rugged topography. These would probably have been quite localized events certainly not the valley surging monster debris flow here but the threat was always present anytime you are in a mountainous rugged area like this it only became much much more likely. And the proper term here based on behavior is debris flow as this had the fluidity and power to run up slopes and keep flowing. Debris flows are landslides but they are a much much more dangerous kind of landslide which in terms of cause and effects overlap with Lahars. Also given the amount of material here I'm surprised GeologyHub didn't make note of the possibility of the Earthquakes being triggered by early sliding under saturated conditions. This could only happen if the faults were already primed but the extremely shallow nature of this quake suggests such a slide initiated seismicity scenario is quite likely.

[@farrier2708]

This vid' would have been very interesting if it wasn't for the voiceover. Even for Artificial Inarticulation, it was worse than monotonous. Please! Pretty pretty pleeease! Get, dare I say a human being, who at least has an interest in the subject.

[@ZeroDayPlus1]

first to appreciate

[@whiteknightcat]

[@DebbieBurns-y5e]

I love the way you phrased that! ❤😊

[@RalphHeron-d6w]

Get somebody else to narrate......this one is talking unintelligible gibberish.

[@Steven-s4k]

Three times today. I felt like I was stepping off a boat to dry land ? Get ready for the shaking and the mountain will run into the sea.

[@es106395]

The voice is Kermit the Frog on acid. Video should be silent. Or narrate yourself.

[@MikeHunt-fo3ow]

you talk funny

[@dalawa2345]

Is the voice of the narrator AI generated? Disgusting.

[@williamreffett5862]

I always find it funny that you use Stock footage of earthquakes. versus real footage of earthquakes.

[@michaeldeierhoi4096]

Stock footage is always preferable when real footage is not available. Not available footage includes footage that geohub could not get permission to use.

[@williamreffett5862]

@michaeldeierhoi4096 sounds like a problem with your government. Get your people's s*** together

[@xwiick]

@@williamreffett5862 Copyright not a thing in you little bubble huh?

[@williamreffett5862]

@xwiick no it's called free speech! Would you like to speak with me about it? Anytime you're in an intellectual Aria. I have no problem talking to you

[@xwiick]

@@williamreffett5862 again copyright not a thing in your world?

[@32ewing]

kermit the frog doing you tube in his old age 😂🤣

[@davidcranstone9044]

No, Tim speaking in his own natural voice. Read up some basic information about autism and other speech issues.

[@nojohny]

Can't do the voice

[@michaeldeierhoi4096]

A lot of new viewers say that, but usually get over their own overly critical thinking after watching a few videos and decide that the speaker is easy to understand and even relaxing or calming.

[@Z0RDR4CK]

@@michaeldeierhoi4096 I've been watching Geology Hub for years and to me the voice seems like it's slurring and the accents are also extremely irritating. It seems to me as if it's kind of AI voice. If that's not the case, then that's the way it is and I've come to terms with that for a long time because the content is just too interesting.

[@michaeldeierhoi4096]

@Z0RDR4CK You seem to be saying two contradictory things. On the one hand you say you have been watching for years and yet you describe the "accents as extremely irritating". How can you have listened for years, but still find the accent extremely irritating?? This is Tim's real voice and like a lot of other commenters I find his voice relaxing and calming to listen to.

[@Z0RDR4CK]

@ Because everybody feel things different. I really appreciate the content and I always thought it's an AI voice. And that is probably why I still have trouble listen to it, AI or no.

[@michaeldeierhoi4096]

@Z0RDR4CK The important point is that you enjoy the channel as I and many others do. Stay well and have a good year.

[@jimflynn9728]

Thank you.