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Discussion on multimodality imaging for assessment of myocardial viability. Myocardial viability assessment is important prior to decision on revascularization.
The term viable myocardium is applied to myocardium with a potentially reversible contractile dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. It can be divided into stunned myocardium and hibernating myocardium.
Stunned myocardium has prolonged contractile dysfunction after a transient ischemic episode and coronary reperfusion. This automatically recovers over a period of time. Stunned myocardium is commonly noted after thrombolysis and primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Hibernating myocardium has reduced contractile function due to persistently impaired coronary blood flow. Hibernating myocardium regains contractile function partially or completely after revascularization.
The goal of myocardial viability assessment is to identify those patients who will improve with coronary revascularization. It is useful to triage those with heart failure into ones which require revascularization vs those who require left ventricular assist devices or cardiac transplantation.
It can predict the recovery of myocardial function with treatment and thus the prognosis. Assessment of myocardial contractile reserve can be done by echocardiography and other imaging modalities.