Neuronal synapses (chemical) | Human anatomy and physiology | Health & Medicine | Khan Academy

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What I want to know is: How on earth did anyone find out how this works in the first place?? Thank you for the lessons though

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Scientist who study a wide range of animals.

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experimenting on squids

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Research, research, and more research!!

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YOU ARE GREATEST PROFESSOR IN THE WORLD AND INTERNET From Hong Kong

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instead of reading my chapter and taking notes for 2-3 hours i just watch these videos!!! and i understand so much better.thanks

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These videos are so well done, I genuinely get so interested while watching them. THANK YOU my bio final is tomorrow and I actually understand this now!

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What a phenomenal teacher! Thank you khanacademy medical instructor for making such hard topics incredibly easy.

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i agree completely my text books confuse me, i watch this and i have a full understanding

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Agreed

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what you are doing sir is just amazing! I cant put into words how much I am thankful to your videos. You are such an inspiration. Love you ...I hope people like you become eternal

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9:41 "i won't go into detail there..." lmao 😂

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I am in love with everything Khan Academy. I just want to give a specific shout-out to the lengths that Sal goes to, to not even mention concepts that have yet to be introduced. So tired of lecturers "showing off knowledge" with jargon, advanced concepts, and really, a lot of self-touching that only goes to confuse students. Good stuff!!

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you so much better than my bio teacher

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I don't know what took me this long to reach to this video - but you're the absolute best. No one can replace you. Thanks, just listening to your voice, I start to feel like I've already got this down!

[@Jamgrah]

First Video in Series: Anatomy of a Neuron Second Video in Series: Sodium Potassium Pump Third Video (3rd) in Series: Electrotonic and Action Potentials Forth Video in Series (Previous Video): Saltatory Conduction

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Sal, you are my textbook for A&P. thanks a bunch (as u like to say) . thank u

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I'm in nursing, and you're videos are teaching me what my teacher fails to! thank you!!

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Im studying medicine and... DAMN... this is great!!!

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Dr Sebastian!

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I have my exam next week and with out you explaining this so nicely i would have definitely failed.. your videos are amazing,THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!!

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perfect... 1 image is worth 1'000 words... this is the best way of learning

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Your concern for the tranquility of KZbin and your zeal for policing the lives and thoughts of those who post on it are commendable.

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How in the world did nature produce such complex things like brains? I find it kind of beautiful how it all works so intricately.

[@ayannasarahj]

THANK YOU SO MUCH. i was crying because I could not understand this for the life of me but it FINALLY MAKES SENSE

[@hubertinnovationdingo9708]

Quiet a simplistic way to look at it, but good work. Enough to understand the basic mechanisms.

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im studying for my exam, and this is better than my lecture recordings!!!! I LOVE YOU THANK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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"I'll do it in green" *draws in yellow* =P awesome video!

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I WAS saying "Hey Sal, why are all these Calcium ions flowing in?!" jk. These videos are *SO* helpful. Thanks!

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I had to laugh when he said "ser-ah-ten-en" (serotonin.)

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thanks sal, you've helped me alot in college and now you're helping me survive med school!

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His voice is so calming. I love his voice.

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Then look at it from OUR point of view. Who cares about the teacher who sucks at their job and really doesn't care about you or me? You ask a question and they act as if you committed a Cardinal offense! This teacher is an answer to prayer and a GOD SEND! I have studied continually and took numerous weeks off of work and, I found these videos one day before my final exam. These teachers see it as if you fail the class, well then there's more money for them for an ensured next class.

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Watching this video I understood sooooo much more than trying to understand the textbook. I wish my teacher taught this way.

[@mllethenardier]

You mentioned SNARE proteins! I just read a research article about them that was really complex; thanks for incorporating details like that even into a video that covers the basics. You really know your stuff :)

[@nicolegeissinger8774]

K+ influx is inhibitory (same w/ Cl- influx) ... which channels are stimulated to open in the post-synaptic membrane depends on the neurotransmitter being released from the pre-synaptic membrane from those vesicles in the pre-synaptic axon terminal... It depends on the NTs and also the receptors on the post-synaptic membrane that those NTs are binding to. Hope that helps.

[@paullasky6865]

if only these videos had been available when i did my a levels. just brilliant. well done.

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I had this on a test today and thanks to you I think this helped, I still needed a miracle lol.

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I wish this guy was my biochem professor!

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4:03 "It can Truck" made me laugh. Bio exam tomorrow, wouldn't be anywhere without this man.

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Thank you for breaking this down so its understandable! Truly appreciate you !

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You're the reason for my 6/7 on my bio tests!

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Thank you Sal - love your teaching methods - you clarify everything so well

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useful? EXTRAORDINARY. ALMOST 6 WEEKS OF BIOLOGY CLASSES HAVE BEEN OBLITERATED WITHIN THESE 15 MINUTES. THANK YOUUUUUU

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You explain it so much better than my textbook

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This video will definitely help me pass my test tomorrow. Respects dude.

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This is TOO GOOD....

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It all makes sense now! Thank you, Khan Academy!

[@JMDinOKC]

What the speaker leaves out at the end is that the neuron adds up all the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and the inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) and if sum(EPSPs) > sum(IPSPs), an action potential is generated. If sum(IPSPs) > sum (EPSPs), the cell hyperpolarizes and no action potential is generated. Humans not only have more neurons, but in addition, dendritic arborization in humans has reached seventh-order, greater than any other species.

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You are absolutely brilliant!! Thank you very much for explaining this process in such detail!!

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You are incredible, seriously. I have been watching your stats videos and am used to hearing you talk expert stats...then I hunt around for Bio Psyc videos and all of a sudden you show up again...but this time talking about neurons! Great stuff and well done! This is really explained well.

[@fleshcookie]

In case you were wondering.... Electronic potential = Graded potential

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omg I am so glad I managed to get an A and finish this class.

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Thanks for this wonderful lesson. Way better than my biology book.

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Great. I finally understood it. Thanks

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has anybody ever told you that you have a GREAT radio voice?

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This helps me so much for my exam tomorrow :D

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USE FULL RLY NICE 1 man .. it helps me too much ..

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You sound like a very patient teacher. Well done on a good video :)

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Thank you so much!! My bio psych proff is so lost in her lectures, this was amazingly helpful

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Another helpful video! your lectures are so much helpful than my professor.

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Thank you so much for posting this video!! Helped me BEYOND what I expected from it, and now I will be even more prepared for my exam in Anatomy. Your explanations and drawings are more than detailed and excellent. Thank you profusely from a very grateful college undergrad. :)

[@shokhista1]

thank you! that was very helpful to me. i have always confused what synapses are but now, i see they are not so confusing, thanks again)))

[@arabsparow]

A single synapse usually releases only one type of neurotransmitter and is designed either to inhibit or excite, but not both.

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thanks so much for these videos, they are very helpful! better than a textbook lol.

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Your the man, thanks for all the helpful videos

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Your explanation is amazing on all your videos!!!

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Sal must have a PhD in virtually every subject. How do know everything my man? Genius.

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Thank you! I am so happy that I foud your video! In scool I am writing a text about the brain, and hawe had a werry hard time to find some information that I undrestand.Our scool teatcher dosent know so much about it just the basic facts. The only bad thing about the video is that i dident know some of the words, but thats probrebly becouse I hawent english as my first langush, good that gogle translate exist thoe. ;)

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just a short note to thank you to being my teacher-book

[@spetche]

do you know how my teacher told me how this works? she said " the two neurons almost join in a synapse, the serotonin is released from the transmitting neuron and absorbed by the recieving neuron... there" however you have answered all my questions. well i only had one question... how? and now thats clear, thank you.

[@billiebillie678]

Thank you Sal. You are such a blessing! arrghh. sooooooooooo intelligent!

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This is so awesome! :D Can't wait to learn more! Actually, I don't have time to write this comm...

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Thanks so much Professor Khan!!!

[@rachelj59]

Very helpful thanks

[@nicolegeissinger8774]

excitatory conduction is caused by an influx of Sodium of which yields a depolarization of the membrane (Na comes in and if enough come in, it causes an action potential)... inhibitory conduction is caused by an increase in chloride or potassium permeability (chloride and potassium influxes cause hyperpolarization- where instead of the action potential becoming more positive, it becomes less positive and no action potential can happen). Hope that helps.

[@bobbyniemi]

Great Job Sal! Thank you!!!

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thanks for all your good videos, they are so helpful!

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I feel comfort here. That stuffy nose voice got me an A in Differential Equations.

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Thank you so much! Super helpful.

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Amazing tech in our body!

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The best, thanks a lot

[@axius18]

I think all this "chapter" would be completed if you could make some videos about action potential on the cardiac muscle cells which also cover the calcium channels... Thanks....

[@o1ocups]

This is so useful! Thank you!

[@AM-rf3zn]

At 14:05 you mention that if the neurotransmitter initiates the opening of a potassium channel, the potassium inside the cell will want to rush OUT of the neuron. A little before this you mention that if the neurotransmitter initiates the opening of the sodium channel, the sodium ions will flow IN the neuron. Isn't this a bit contradictory since both ions are positive and will flow in the same direction depending on membrane potential? Thanks.

[@LHommeDeCave]

Anwar Mirza The point is that they act antagonistically. K+ leaves to cause hyperpolarisation along its concentration gradient (created by sodium potassium pump) Na+ moves in along its concentration gradient to cause depolarisation. They are able to move in opposite directions because their ligand gated channel proteins are specific to one substrate (ion in this case) and only open to allow ion flow in one direction.

[@AM-rf3zn]

Oh I see now. Thanks very much!

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Dude you rock, Awesome video really thanks alot

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thank you it was exactly the kind of video I needed :)

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Lol I find this stuff really interesting even though I will probably never use it. Same with quantum mechanics, economics, psychology, and other sciencey things. Wish I had the time to learn it all really.

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Absolutely brilliant. Tops to you, good sir.

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Really well made vids. They make the nervous system look like a piece of cake!!!!

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Thanks mate...very helpful video. Much appreciated.

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This was so useful!!! Thanks

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This is fantastic! Keep making the vids dude they are really really helpful thanks a lot!

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thank you! it was very helpfull.

[@ShapelyDice]

gnarly video. thanks for this

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Very helpful. Thank YOU!

[@michellehulstrm6912]

Thank you, you just helped me a lot!

[@imegatrone]

Nice Video That You Share , So Very Nice Thanks You How one neuron can stimulate (or inhibit) another neuron at a chemical synapse

[@littlecocopop]

brilliant! thankyou! these videos are so good, really helping me out!

[@keikustar]

So I'm taking an online Psychology class and it links to this video, and I realize that I have already watched this video years ago.

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Beautiful...thank you!

[@Krazeel]

Thank you Sal!