Thank you for posting this fascinating lecture . I am a retired tradesman and grandfather who lives at the far end of the United States. I will probably never have a chance to visit your wonderful museum, but these types of videos give me an opportunity to share in the incredible wealth of knowledge your organization has collected. I want to give the Penn Museum a heartfelt thank you for posting this, and other lectures and presentations. Keep up the great work!
@gdgd19038 жыл бұрын
Brian Garrow i just came on here to do exactly the same thing but you said it all for me.. =)...
@DrJones-nh4my8 жыл бұрын
Brian Garrow if you don't have enough money to travel, your children and grandchildren should pitch in and pay for a trip to Europe, Turkey, and Greece.
@LiamDuffProductions8 жыл бұрын
Dr. Jones, yourself & a few of your colleagues ought to be able, to dig deep into those fat pockets of yours, & send the kids, the grandkids, pets, the Mrs, the old man himself- Having said this, how much ya wanna bet DrJones' practice is Haitian, & not even Muricahhno. DOH!
@DrJones-nh4my8 жыл бұрын
Duff is the Americanized version of Doff, a German word, for stupid. Drop the "L" and you've got your name that fits your bill.
@mrpatriot82798 жыл бұрын
Any books published by this professor? I did an Internship at the Museum of Cycladic Art while I attended Eastern Washington University for my MA studies in history. Have you ever heard of Dr. Bazemore who leads an archaeology dig on the island of Cyprus? She is a history professor at Eastern WA U.
@johnnelson98555 жыл бұрын
Excellent Lecture . I enjoyed it very much. 12 thousand years condensed into a well done one hour presentation . I recommend it to anyone who appreciates ancient civilization studies
@maxinelowe62854 жыл бұрын
I would have liked to have seen slides in close ups x
@bosdad78 жыл бұрын
I would make one suggestion. the person filming should zoom in tighter on the screen so that you can see what he is pointing to and talking about. at this distance you can't tell what the finer points are.
@molometer5 жыл бұрын
Totally agree. Fascinating lecture but difficult to watch at this zoomed out distance. Maybe they could upload the PowerPoint slide show?
@kolloduke33414 жыл бұрын
Not really any point watching this ? ZOOM would have helped alot ? lol
@massimosquecco2035 жыл бұрын
I follow very fondly and continuously any kind of archaeological news but I have to admit that I didn't know about many of those finds the professor was talking about. Thank you very much!
@bradleyeric146 жыл бұрын
Years ago a woman who was a very early paleoanthropologist proposed a two to three thousand year period between hunter-gatherer and agriculture. This period consisted of corralling animals seasonally and culling them and weeding areas rich in food giving plants thus creating gardens and mixed orchards which later formed sacred groves. She also pointed out that in many areas hunting continued (in some places to the early modern period). This notion of a big switch between hunter-gatherers and cultivators and pastoralists is too blunt, too simplistic. There was great variety in modes of transition.
@tomasfrybl35975 жыл бұрын
And are you that woman?
@maxsonthonax10203 жыл бұрын
And that (rappin') tomato was me.
@myself12265 жыл бұрын
Very interesting! I love the way Dr Rose presents information! I have a whole playlist I listen to while I work.
@TomLongusa5 жыл бұрын
I love stumbling into a a video/channel where I can feed my passion for history and a glimpse of places I’ve yet to visit.
@ag-cs4gd6 жыл бұрын
It's sad to see all of this fascinating material dismissed by people because of some misplaced overreaction to a shorthand phrase in the title. All they mean by "ancient Turkey" is the place that's now called Turkey, in ancient times. That's it. I'm sure that the archaeologists excavating sites like Troy are perfectly well aware of the complex history of this place, including the many peoples that have lived there and the many empires that have ruled there. If an archaeologist says she is working on "ancient North America," that doesn't mean she thinks the place was called "America" or was populated by Europeans in pre-Columbian times! -- I'm all for skepticism, but there's a big difference between intelligent skepticism and stupid skepticism.
@apareek965 жыл бұрын
Finally, a well reasoned explanation . Thx
@DemetriosKongas Жыл бұрын
Yes, but Archaeologists do not say "I am working on ancient USA".
@Alan626518 жыл бұрын
Is Gobekli Tepe really 5000 years older than Stonehenge, or is it a hint that the dating of other megalithic period architecture needs to be reconsidered? For example, Inca and Egyptian additions to megalithic foundations seem to indicate that enough time passed to cause complete societal amnesia in building techniques. The additions are incredibly more primitive than the foundations, and world-wide, the megaliths seem more related to each other than to succeeding cultures.
@histguy1015 жыл бұрын
By that logic, Gobekli Tepe could be dated wrong. Is it dated by Strata? There's certainly no pottery down there. Some archeologists have argued for an 8,000bc date, which would make it about 10,000 years old.
@dianayount21222 жыл бұрын
Could be confused but thought they used carbon dating on animal bones, wood found at the sight...
@Trentberkeley86 Жыл бұрын
Yes. Central Asia makes the most sense as the archeological hotspot for humanity because we would have been stuck there for thousands of years before the glaciers melted and we spread out into the rest of the world. That’s if the out of Africa theory is correct.
@dawne51396 жыл бұрын
This is a lecture about sites that exist in an area we now call Turkey. It is not saying that it is the same people who are there today. However the comment section is full of people who seem to have problems understanding that.
@metekutlu906 жыл бұрын
Amazing work, amazing lecture. Thanks Penn!
@edwinstorz7028 жыл бұрын
Thank you for all the Beautiful Art and so much more History barely mentioned today to the Public, i have so many questions, Thank you for sharing and especially all the hard work.
@dennisdonovan48378 жыл бұрын
Lots of intrigue and fascinating insights into what was truly a nexus for human and western cultural history and development. The depth of knowledge by the presenter is, by way of an understatement, impressive. My only wish would be to able to see the slide show "close up". I kept staining to see the details which I'm sure were incredibly interesting.
@markpappas98587 жыл бұрын
Ancient Anatolia. We are Ionian Hellenes from Pergamon. Beautiful country and people.
@oldmanfromscenetwentyfour81647 жыл бұрын
And who lived there before it was called Anatolia?
@huberthubert8607 жыл бұрын
No, we are Ionic Hellenists, you Hellenisic Ionians
@kostaskolomitroushs28136 жыл бұрын
Old Man from Scene Twenty Four : His name was Sheik Pir.Thats the guy who lived there.But later English stole him and they called his Shakespeare.
@@dragooll2023 With evidence of several civilizations having lived there for at least 25,000 years, hardly.
@mrdProf427 жыл бұрын
Lovely! Fascinating sites and finds, and presented enthusiastically. Thanks.
@crespossss8 жыл бұрын
at 37:07...he describes a coin from the first century..saying '' holding the globe of the world'' wait...u do realize what does this mean right????
@mjonhouston6 жыл бұрын
...that they weren't as stupid as we are as a society today?
@RonJohn635 жыл бұрын
Sure, I do: you haven't been paying attention.
@histguy1015 жыл бұрын
Yes, the western world has believed the earch was spherical for 2500 years.
@caseyjude54725 жыл бұрын
Lol! That they worshipped the great Satan?!?
@myself12265 жыл бұрын
@@mjonhouston ha!
@gpan626 жыл бұрын
It would be nice to put the slides on full screen instead of the stage, screen, and speaker.
@ty80124 жыл бұрын
Shut up
@mrpatriot82798 жыл бұрын
Dr. Brian Rose - have to look him up now on Amazon- amazing lecturer
@davidhoogendyke27744 жыл бұрын
Fantastic overview, and well presented and delivered. I wish I knew of all this sooner and when I still could see to travel and enjoy the history. This was almost as good as being there, thank you.
@mrpatriot82798 жыл бұрын
I was watching a KZbin about the sea people and this individual had to complain about how the author used BC. Some people are just looking to argue instead of really focusing on the actual content of the video. So much to learn from these videos, so I will in the future ignore divisive comments. I told this commentor to stop with the trivial and learn. Same here!
@jeanthornton21078 жыл бұрын
brilliant talk. many thanks for all your hard work. very well presented and very clear.
@theobserver91315 жыл бұрын
Great speaker! Fascinating subject.
@theobserver91315 жыл бұрын
Surprisingly small attendance. Sounds like less than 100 people...
@granskare7 жыл бұрын
I was stationed at Karamursel Air Station, 1957-1959. I went by the last place of Hannibal near Izmid, Turkey.
@WashuHakubi47 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this interesting overview. Of course, more than half of the comments are modern political rants, denunciations of science, or wrath against the phrase "ancient Turkey".
@patshelby92852 жыл бұрын
Just filter them out.
@bswims556 жыл бұрын
Need close ups of the pics n fix sound.
@geraldpena58953 жыл бұрын
Love these podcasts injoy every minute of it
@benpayne46635 жыл бұрын
good information. i look forward to more of your lectures.
@nukhetyavuz3 жыл бұрын
the wooden chamber paintings are similiar to etrusk tomb paintings...thank you for this amazing news...
@garv21118 жыл бұрын
thank you for this wonderful lecture!
@jillberry28023 жыл бұрын
Takes me back to uni lectures and sitting at the back of lecture theatre, peering down to see the images.
@dane56788 жыл бұрын
thank you for posting this lecture. it would be interesting if you did an out of place artifacts display. it would draw large crowds. i would be willing to travel from ohio to see such a presentation.
@ih8ua1197 жыл бұрын
I love going over to the Penn Museum, they always have something fascinating going on. The archeology students and Profs. are great when you have questions, they truly love what they're doing. Today they have a tour exploring ancient foods, that's gonna be a pretty cool afternoon, the food is vastly different from the crap available to us now, I love attempting to reproduce it, my wife not so much!! If you are fairly close and have never been there, I highly recommend it, It's a great family outing. Thank you so much for posting this lecture, very informative and totally captivates my young son, that says a lot!
@caesarillion7 жыл бұрын
How did it look at the height of Classical Greek culture? Is that ca 400 BC? Greeks made such beautiful sites.
@rarisio7 жыл бұрын
Great lecture. Thank you for posting it
@johnnymartinez81626 жыл бұрын
Superbly done!!!
@joywilliams55657 жыл бұрын
I love this information. Fascinating. I will never see these myself, unless I hit the lottery, so I very much appreciate and enjoy these videos, and Ancient Aliens as well. It might not all be the truth, but that is up to us to discern and establish for ourselves. Great information! Thank you Penn!
@donwagster6 жыл бұрын
Ancient Turkey is what's in the icebox 2 weeks after thanksgiving.
@hailayatsbha80455 жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing us with this amazing and wonderful lecture. it is interesting to see such types of discoveries in the ancient place of Turkey. Actually, I am from Ethiopia and when I heard this it creates something in mind what an interesting site is it? hopefully, we are waiting to come up with other new discoveries within the site.
@MehmetErenYuksel4 ай бұрын
Thank you.
@maryblushes718953 жыл бұрын
Love these lectures from Penn!
@vpowerization8 жыл бұрын
THE title "New Discoveries in Ancient Turkey" is wrong Turks came in asia minor at 13th AC century
@Torsengi5 жыл бұрын
At least 1071. You need to be really massively ignorant to say 13th century
@maryexton79297 жыл бұрын
Spindles are used for hand spinning fiber into yarn/thread. Shuttles are used in weaving to carry the weft thread through a warp shed. Sheeeze!
@nodigBKMiche6 жыл бұрын
Camera show have zoomed in on the slides more...
@ktor5388 жыл бұрын
Thank you for posting, Good lecture.
@kostaskolomitroushs28136 жыл бұрын
k Tor :To the doctor.FAAAAAAST
@cowcrapper3 жыл бұрын
Would love to visit Gobekli Tepe, so many unanswered questions about early agricultural life.
@peponvatrahedes73923 жыл бұрын
Please make a lecture about the totems of ancient USA
@orange703838 жыл бұрын
Romans inherited most of the sites they took credit for.
@seaotter528 жыл бұрын
orange70383 that's what conquerors do. In the United States the vast cultures that existed prior are still not adequately addressed. History is written by the victors and that is the way it's always been. Learn about the losers to better understand what MIGHT have happened
@RoryMcDuff8 жыл бұрын
Great lecture !..
@Kaan_is_myname975 жыл бұрын
As a turkish i thank you proffessor
@fan5x7 жыл бұрын
Great, enjoyable lecture, thanks !.
@mrpatriot82798 жыл бұрын
There was an ancient Anatolia but not an ancient Turkiye. The Turkish incursion did not began until after the Battle of Manzikert 1071 AD. I know that you know this!
6 жыл бұрын
If Interested...let me quote Merrick (2012) All religions are descended from and ancient Vedic cosmology described in the Rib - Veda, originating in Armenia near Mt. Ararat at least 6800 ys ago and the basic concepts of a transcendental mountain extending into space and populated planet Star-gods were developed...he further says...This Astrotheology then migrated with Armenian Aryans to found the Sumerian Ethiopian/Egyptian and Indian civilizations and religions...from Language as a fingerprint Setyan...also..from the book mentioned..H.V. Hilprecht(1859-1925) a Clark research professor of Assyriology and scientific director Babylonian expedition at the University of Penn. argue that the Hittite tongue is Armenian and the Hittites themselves were of Armenian stock...according to Robert Ellis (1861) through language analysis we observe that under the names of Phrygians, Thracians, Pelasgians and Etruscans spread westward from Armenia to Italy and Elis claimed that the closest affinities of the Aryan element are the Armenians ..other historians that agree are..Hellenthal, Busgy, Brand, Wilson, Myers and Falush...
@okhanuludag5 жыл бұрын
Fals the turks are much older then the Greeks...
@websonic10007 жыл бұрын
can somebody please tell me what was last title of this guy in introduction?
@mrpatriot82798 жыл бұрын
Aside from all these ethnic claims the lecture is still fascinating.
@matthewperry51215 жыл бұрын
Great information thanks
@maxsonthonax10203 жыл бұрын
Odd camera angle! Also, just wanted to add the requisite complaint for every lecture video posted: that the camera that was left alone to record the event passively also use its own discretion to zoom in on the projections on the screen on the stage at times that would suit all possible complainants. Fanx.
@gillenzfluff83808 жыл бұрын
Why not zoom in a bit more.
@johanmagnusson60918 жыл бұрын
geocedille ópppo
@georgeadams77792 жыл бұрын
I enjoyed his talk but the images were little too small , do I really need to see the stage
@danielleholzer59796 жыл бұрын
Very informative... ty
@crispincain53738 жыл бұрын
Thank you for sharing this with us.
@evifiouri4712 Жыл бұрын
Interesting lecture even if the title is wrong but this is not the archaeologist’s fault cause he knows there is no such thing as ancient Turkey
@taffy44868 жыл бұрын
Always a temple.....no matter what they find it's always instantly ascribed as a temple. One track minds.
@chronicawareness99867 жыл бұрын
maybe but i would have said it might be a temple, or place of worship. insead of stating its a temple
@annestricker69177 жыл бұрын
Yeah, temple could be over simplified. What if it served many purposes? Could it be many different functions? We don't think as efficiently as we could. Its just an observation.
@oldmanfromscenetwentyfour81647 жыл бұрын
I agree. It could have been a Palace, a Consul/Tribal Meeting Hall, Hospital, Brothel, Library ... anything. They dig and find a few pot shards, bits of cloth, a few rocks and they magically know EVERYTHING about the culture. It's always assumed all cultures had a religious belief. What if, this one didn't?
@Bix127 жыл бұрын
Ha! I had the same thought, Bob Roberts. Good grief. They really do have one shared thought between them. To be honest, I was a little surprised he even mentioned Gobekli Tepe at all. He sure didn't spend much time on it - These mainstreamers are really unhappy whenever they are forced to acknowledge an "impossibility", as he referred to it. LOL!
@gordo69085 жыл бұрын
i agree with most here. there is even an example of this behavior around 14:00 when discussing the rock cut ditch/trenches. despite lacking evidence of interior walls they add wooden walls with earthen embankments
@DK640OBrianYT3 жыл бұрын
Enjoyed the lecture.
@FyMp9163 жыл бұрын
This is where Noah Shem ham and japheth started planting after the flood. The Ark only settle a little ways away at Mount Ararat right by there
@chevychase31034 жыл бұрын
I love how one quote special boy makes history for a hundred years unobtainable!
@maxsonthonax10203 жыл бұрын
Unobtainium?
@2x4barrels408 жыл бұрын
Very nice Thank You
@radiobikini64297 жыл бұрын
The problem with "mainstream" theories is that they are just theories.
@gitmoholliday57643 жыл бұрын
on top of the T pillars at Gobeleki are numerous cup-shaped indentations, almost nobody will talk about them or show you a picture.
@acfanterАй бұрын
Probably need to update the G.Tepe part of this
@brannonmacgorman86076 жыл бұрын
This is great!
@lindabostoen888 жыл бұрын
If you make a video please take care the equipement work propperly and the camera have to zoom in on the pictures ! !!! Also the audio is poor.
@bobjames29068 жыл бұрын
you love it!
@1MCFOX18 жыл бұрын
What is zoom in? Maybee you should do video on this.
@juanckjim6 жыл бұрын
If you're looking for a good explanation of Göbekli Tepe and not this, search for Peters & Schimdt work of 2004: 'Animals in the symbolic world of Pre-Pottery Neolithic Göbekli Tepe, south-eastern Turkey: a preliminary assessment'. It's online in Scholar Google and it's the best on the subject. IMO, of course.
@PWizz913 жыл бұрын
Cant see the slides.
@melissafarrugia95314 жыл бұрын
The throne @ 18:28 time that is labelled Assyrian looks a lot like the one used today for coronation.... No joke could be David's throne on pic.
@hailayatsbha80455 жыл бұрын
I am happy to hear the relation with the destroyed city ofTroy. if any?
@ramissavci99988 жыл бұрын
While they are giving explaning about "Karaburun" on the map was shown wrong location.Karaburun is located all the way west of Turkey
@mafelkins8 жыл бұрын
great Vid thanks
@Vmartin70EZ4 жыл бұрын
Ancient Turkey...? Sorry there's no such thing as ancient Turkey that was Anatolia or Asia minor or ancient Greece if you want to talk ancient history.
@adamchild67742 жыл бұрын
Hoping one day we will find an inscription that mentions Helen
@NewDawnReaper8 жыл бұрын
what does ancient Turkey means ??
@vinrusso8217 жыл бұрын
Anatolia
@kostaskolomitroushs28136 жыл бұрын
NewDawnReaper: It means MAMBO JUMBO. MAMBOOOO JUMBOOOO.HURAAAYYYY.MAMBO JUMBOOOOO
@hopewoods88216 жыл бұрын
Yes, there should a clarification at the beginning discussing all the ancient civilizations that contributed to these ruins. Have been to some of these ruins 38 years ago and loved it. During this time Jews lived here due to the diaspora caused by many conquering armies. Many peoples. The country of Turkey has many fascinating cultures that preceded the current boundary lines. It does sound a little like the British taking claim to the artifacts of North America.
@westrotter78472 жыл бұрын
Think about this. When this was built Mammoths still roamed the earth.
@AaatosMihalisvideo6 жыл бұрын
The ancient Greek texts tell us that once the Moon did not exist in the sky. Lukosura, in the mountainous Arcadia of Greece, the first city to see the sunlight on Earth, says "it was founded when there was no Moon in Heaven." The ancient Arcadians are called "pro-mooners" because they were in this area before the Moon in the sky appeared. Speaking on this issue are Stephanos Byzantios, Hesychios from Alexandria, Herodotus, the dictionary of Souda, Apollonios of Rhode, Hippias from Rigion, Ovidius, Plutarch, Ephandros and others.
@nixter8885 жыл бұрын
This is the truth indeed!
@nurfuerverrueckte8 жыл бұрын
With the political Situation in Turkey and war near the border, why are artifacts even stored in that region? Shouldn't they be brought to a safer place right after digging them up?
@emilyroseschmid16526 жыл бұрын
And Its now Repuclic of Turkey .these lands belongs to Turkey .so just look at your own countries İf you want to visit,you can come ıts history of anotolıa just accept .ıts mix of so many different nations .you can proud that you ancestors was also in there
@caseyjude54725 жыл бұрын
I really enjoyed this video! Thanks for posting!
@roling5007 жыл бұрын
Very, Very interesting even if the lecturer is a little arrogant. And actually lots of people have put Eden near Gobekli Tepe, also, there is no reason the story could not be interpreted as a metaphor for transition from hunter gather to farming.
@WorldOneTube4 жыл бұрын
This has nothing to do with Turkey expect that it’s within the borders of modern day Turkey. The history that is written by the Old Turks is the Armenian Genocide which shouldn’t be forgotten.
@mongolchiuud89314 жыл бұрын
What armenian genocide? You mean an attempted geneocide right? Because a genocide means the whole group is wiped out and obviously we still have Kim Khardashian and her sisters.
@aykutuckan16653 жыл бұрын
So, don't forget!
@MrReidREad5 жыл бұрын
I would be interested in seeing what is under these monuments as many were built over the top of older structures. It is interesting also to note that a matriarchal rule which is said to have been very bloody, should be included in interpretations as some of the monumental reliefs almost certainly appear to discuss matriarchal/patriarchal war and the beginning of patriarchal rule and denigration of women.
@reinhardbrenner31958 жыл бұрын
Is it possible that GöblikeTepe are so called sound cirkles ? Maybe michael Tellinger can give a statement to these buildings .?
@carolgeard8 жыл бұрын
It looks to me to be a temple of totems,primitve people first believed in their totem animals, a type of animism
@berber19305 жыл бұрын
@ Carol Geard _ Well, it seems tempting to think that whoever lived before our times must have been primitive, animistic etc. The further in the past, the more so. Possibly our idea of "progress" is constructed as a self-fulfilling train of thought: all religions "evolve" up to the elevated form of monotheism, all technologies peak at steam-and-electricity, atomic energy gives us divine powers etc. Yet, when you try reading e.g. rather "old" Sumerian texts, or Babylonian poetry, you will see that their mind-set was hardly different from ours, and their life styles were not lacking in terms of convinience, affluence, or sophistication. Moreover, there still seems to linger an idea that they had access to knowledge (and possibly technologies) yet unmatched by us. The time may tell; but things seem to be changing even now.
@charlesfenwick65543 жыл бұрын
An excellent theory that should be considered.
@derekkent18458 жыл бұрын
My theory regarding Gobekli Tepe is that the different clans/tribes used it as a means of swapping members. Males and females would find partners from other groups bringing new skills and different genes. No evidence for it and no way to find any such evidence but I like the idea.
@maryannknox71586 жыл бұрын
They have no idea the age of these ruins
@astrothechannel9761 Жыл бұрын
48:23 they are Oceanus and Thetys...
@larryfisher83327 жыл бұрын
All scientists can't be stupid. Why do the refer to Stonehenge as ancient. The were put there a long time ago, but they weren't arranged as they are now. In fact a middle age manuscript describes Stonehenge as a rectangular looking cathedral. Stonehenge was put up the way it looks today in the 20th century with the first construction starting on 1901. The last stone was put into place in 1958-59. The stones are in place by modern concrete.
@Opa-Leo7 жыл бұрын
Ancient Turkey? Not such thing exists. Turkey and the Otoman Empire are fairly recent. The Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) could be considered ancient. Ancient means Persian, Hellenistic, Hittite, etc.
@koksalceylan10887 жыл бұрын
In the time line of Turkey of 12000 years old beginnings with Gobeklitepe. The Hittites, Ancient Persians, Greeks, Romens are all just "recent".history of Turkey. The Byzantine, Ottomans are just yesterday. And Turkey is just born.
@M.Khachatrian367 жыл бұрын
It's the same as saying Ancient United States...lol
@vinrusso8217 жыл бұрын
It was called ANATOLIA or Asia minor. The Hittites called it after themselves, the Trojans we don't know for sure. The rest was Arazawa peoples.The entire west coast became Greek around 700 BC.
@DefneGoal7 жыл бұрын
leonis53 look at this evidence 🤓 Spencer Wells-The Journey of man ( part 1 of 13 ) - A Genetic Odyssey
@allmightlionthunder55156 жыл бұрын
Was thinking the same lol this maybe part of Parthia not Persian that was more east then you think
@bozeeke2 жыл бұрын
There is no ancient Turkey. Most of those artifacts are Greek. So what you mean to say is ancient discoveries in pre-ottoman Asia Minor. There, the title of the lecture is corrected.
@MAZAROTHofSuramar8 жыл бұрын
19:00 "Lion tamer" or a giant holding a pet lion like a pet dog?
@berber19305 жыл бұрын
@ Maz. I had the same impression. Looks to me just like a standard statue of Gilgamesh with a lion.
@ccolca8 жыл бұрын
At these years, this geographical space was greek, anf after, roman, no turkish. Is the same case with "Bolivia" , never existed before 1825, so it was "Perú" or more precisely, "Alto Perú". It has no sense to say "prehispanic Bolivia" or "colonial Bolivia".
@dinob36715 жыл бұрын
Exactly...
@berber19305 жыл бұрын
@ ccolca - - Is it not just a mental shortcut? (No offence meant).
@TheRobdarling8 жыл бұрын
no mention of apples in Genesis.
@sagansrun29328 жыл бұрын
with the growth of alt culture Islam. I think leaving items that are stored I other countries should not be returned until there is no chance that the items can be targeted for destruction. Thousands of items have been destroyed by Islam the last 20 years. it is not unreasonable to continue protective custody of these irreplaceable items. This may take several years if not generations to ensure the items will not be destroyed by anti cultural savages in the areas they currently or in the future occupy.
@moodist1er6 жыл бұрын
+tiami I'm surprised to see someone as stupid as you in an academic lecture. is the stupid very painful? it looks painful..
@Torsengi5 жыл бұрын
@@moodist1er someone as stupid as him? He has 22 likes. At least 23 people and their parents so least 69 stupid people at best.