How to make a Stannous Chloride Solution (Tin (II) Chloride)

[@xXCatalystic37Xx]

Excellent video. As a fellow chemist and educator I appreciate all the subtle details you give such as "but used less than 5mL total." Great voice cadence and enunciation, video quality was high quality, and the flow was just right. Kudos to you.

[@NileRed]

+xXCatalystic37Xx Thank you very much! I honestly really appreciate the comment.

[@Deantri27]

Your channel is absolutely amazing, ive been getting into chemistry lately and I love the stuff you do

[@NileRed]

+Lythium . Carnage Thank you very much! :)

[@AuraRisen]

Stannous chloride can also be used to test for gold, palladium and platinum in solution. It however, expires, some people says 2 weeks in the bottle, you can extend it's life span by simply putting tin metal in the bottle, the tin IV oxidizes the tin 0 to form 2x tin II, oxygen is the villain. Just thought i could share this!

[@FXGreggan.]

I use it for gold recovery (3g to 30ml HCl) and have noticed degradation too - however it takes several months before it makes a noticable difference... every third month or so I add a 0.2g tin pellet to the bottle...

[@rich1051414]

Tin popcorn would work better? That is when you flash cool tin by pouring molten tin in water, and steam bubbles caught inside causes it to explode internally like pop corn, revealing a LARGE amount of surface area.

[@dineshpaswan8028]

AuraRisen I'm

[@radnukespeoplesminds]

this was in a episode of house too lol

[@saifquarishi5421]

can you plate Printed Circuit board without electroplating using Tin (II) Chloride or something else is required and can you make a video on this process. I'm sure the electronics hobbyist community would love to see this done. Watch all your videos, nice work man.

[@shonaoneill5151]

Superbly presented video as usual. You have the best series of chemistry videos online. Keep up the great work :-)

[@NileRed]

Thank you very much!

[@11Rastafari11]

Hey nile! im watching your vids a long time now and its very interessting to follow you, Thanks for your work!! but i miss some dokumentation about the Hardware, cleaning and discarding diffrent chemicals.. so it would be nice to see, how you manage your lab.

[@NileRed]

+11Rastafari11 That is a very good point. I should make a video on that

[@theb3rn7]

Stannis chloride, the one true salt.

[@NileRed]

+Maven Dissector haha every time I said stannous, that is exactly what I thought.

[@xXCatalystic37Xx]

+Maven Dissector Is there a story behind that?

[@NileRed]

It's a reference to a character in Game of Thrones

[@EnderPlayerr]

the salt can only be melted by wildfire

[@Metalhammer1993]

so i´m not the only one who likes Stannis?

[@kennethbeers8693]

Just the video I needed. Thank you, Sir.

[@Macrotechee1107]

Looking forward to the tin crystallization video!

[@messiahyah]

+Macrotechee1107 me too!

[@crisostomoibarra1760]

the tin goes skraa

[@chafikmondial]

Thank you very much for the video. You can give me an easy way for the hydrazine industry

[@mohamadgraphic]

① what is a role of HCl and acetic anhydride in preparation of Anhydrous stannous chloride, SnCl2? ②.Why is the product washed with ether?

[@ClownWhisper]

I'm having a hell of a lot of trouble with the situation I need tin oxide for ceramic glaze recipe. I had A-1 Bail Bond tin ingot already so I put it on the mill and I shaved a small quantity down for testing. I put it in the drawers of my Mill Vice sticking out sideways with a box underneath it so I wouldn't lose any. Anyway I a used a 50-50 solution MTI water and 20 Baum hydrochloric acid that I actually made a couple of years ago. I heated then stirred it for actually a couple of days and all of a sudden all the tin particles turn into white powder. I got pissed off and I turn the heat up all the way and boiled the hell out of it to see if I could get it to go into solution. The amount of white powder dissipated by about 3/4 but when it cooled needle-like crystals formed. I repeated this Experiment three or four times over a week it didn't happen the same way every time. So it isn't entirely that difficult to come up with a crystalline form of tin chloride unless I was just very lucky I've tried electrolysis to make tin sulfate and stannous chloride and all I get is black sludge on the anode. And the water turned black as well. A funny thing before I add the electrolyte to the bath I noticed it that for a short time before the anode get coated white precipitate flows off of the cathode of tin quit rapidly. If you have anything to comment on this please do because I'm in desperate need of this oxide

[@ryjelsum]

I'm finding 250g for 25 dollars on ebay - unless you're outside the USA then ignore me

[@ClownWhisper]

@@ryjelsum that is a ridiculously high price for my purpose. of it were for chemistry I would be using grams at a time, for pottery glaze, well that's another story, and why I am trying to make it

[@RolandoBustos-qc3hk]

Tin chloride is used to identify whether gold and platinum are present in a sample dissolved in aqua regia. I asked if the sample contains other elements such as iron, nickel and copper, which could interfere with the detection of gold and platinum.

[@DonaldMelton]

in this video you very briefly touched on how to melt the tin . would you be willing to make a video just on how to melt the tin ?

[@ScienceWithJames]

Donald M. ? Really all you have to do is heat your oven or stove to 232°C and put the tin in. It has a very low meoting point

[@ivsongold322]

Good Job 👏🏾👌🏾

[@JaspalSingh-bg1lt]

Thank you sir

[@DFliyerz]

Tin crystals..? You just gave me an idea for an alternative to having to carbothermally reduce some tin oxide I have.

[@BlueMoonshine]

"Low heat" is a little bit vague. Is it 40°c, 60°c, 130°c or anything else?

[@Mega98RP]

Most of the tin sources have lead in the, in about 60/40 Sn/Pb, the lead will also react with the HCl, but will it grow crystals with the tin? Or the crystals will be pure tin? Great video!

[@firehoax9230]

You will poison yourself with lead

[@1224chrisng]

I suppose if you have to electrodes , one with lead and one with tin , the tin would go to the tin and the lead would go to the lead , but I dont know

[@pietrotettamanti7239]

KaliyaK PbCl2 would precipitate.

[@fensui9137]

Yes

[@albertvanderhorst1720]

an interesting idea, but ... The most noble metal will deposit first. This is actually used in copper refining. So first the tin would deposit, then the lead. Albert

[@HighlanderNorth1]

Why do you specify 12g of tin, is that the maximum that the solution can hold before becoming saturated? What type of glass pan did you use to melt the tin? I'm a little surprised it didn't crack under heat from the torch. But maybe I'm just underestimating the heat tolerance of glass cookware(?) Lastly, how stable is the stannous chloride solution of stored in a brown container? Does it need to be stored at or below a certain temp, and. what is it's shelf life? Thanks. The follow-up video of tin crystal making is interesting.

[@tonytoi8556]

12 grams of tin is the ratio, some glass are "pyrex" (I don't know if it's the same in other countries), pyrex glass can hold more heat then normal glass.

[@HighlanderNorth1]

👉 Tin melts at the comparably low temperature of 450°f or 231°c, which can be easily accomplished on a kitchen stove. That means tin's melting temperature is low enough that it's under the maximum safe heat tolerance of glassware that's specifically made for heating and cooking. I melted a few ounces of tin and poured it directly onto our glass stovetop, and onto a ceramic spoon holder without issue. However, it's probably a good idea to point out that there are undoubtedly certain types of glassware that may not handle temperatures of 450°f+ without cracking or breaking.

[@wernerwillinger626]

I have been trying to make stannous chloride. Had two attempts, but every time it turned out to be purple in colour. What has gone wrong? I used tin pellets at 99.9% purity and 32% Hydrochloric acid from the hardware.

[@ryanallen1014]

There had to be impurities somewhere. Stannous chloride turns purple upon precipitation, so something made the tin precipitate. Try another source if either acid or tin. Say you try a different brand of HCl and it still turns purple then you know it's your tin and vice versa.

[@miryalimited4]

Good Morning.....What is the eventual Equivalent Weight in Grams of this solution of 12grams Tin and 50cc HCL?....Thks

[@darkgames-minecraft2234]

Sn2Cl. The only use I have for that is making tin crystals.

[@niharrane7995]

instead of heating the HCl and tin solution, will adding some H2O2 speed up the reaction?

[@delphinny]

Yes. I use 3 parts H2O2 (3%) to 1 part HCl

[@EpzilonZ]

Congratulations! 150 likes and 0 dislikes.

[@NileRed]

+Epzilonz They will come eventually :)

[@wyattbuckbee7766]

How long did the dissolving of the tin take?

[@TheGreenLounge21]

Most time it would be small amounts, so I reckon it is okay to buy off online stores. Any good stores to source chemicals for an hobbyist?

[@romanhill6752]

Hello, at what temperature did you heat the preparation ?

[@rileyevans4431]

would it be possible to extract the tin from lead free solder

[@exzeltgaming]

Yeah, you just need to react the solder with HCl and then either electrolyze it or add nickel or iron to the solution to reduce the solution. However, electrolyzing the solution for too long might reduce other metals too.

[@SpaghettiNachos]

Can also be used to catch someone poisoning their spouse with gold sodium thiomalate

[@edgeeffect]

Your fume hood is very pretty. ;)

[@nilnileer]

It's even more pretty now :)

[@multikarya6677]

Thank

[@nivmoshe5536]

can you neutralize the hydrochloric acid with base to get rid of the acid in the solution?

[@ABDULREHMAN-by7zk]

I want to make compound solution of stannous chloride with potassium thiocyenat ! How much Stannous chloride and how much Potassium thiocynate I use? In grams?

[@เด็กบ้านนอก-ด6ฐ]

You said add HCL and tin chlos ride but what is 3 things there?

[@jaredgarden2455]

would be cool if someone made anhydrous stannous chloride.

[@sounggeelee3941]

what if i used Sncl2 powder should i do the same steps ? And what was the temperature?

[@rich1051414]

Can this be done with lead contaminated tin? Pretty sure hydrochloric acid also reacts with lead. I assume the lead will not form crystals, so I was curious if this may be an easy way to separate tin from lead.

[@Frankyyodi]

+Richard Smith i guess we're stuck on same problem my tin solutions become yellowish...

[@rich1051414]

Franky Yodi So did the solution still form tin crystals? The lead changing the color of the solution is not a surprise. If you are using old solder, you might want to remove any resin that may still be in it as well. That would surely mess things up.

[@Frankyyodi]

yesterday i filtrated the solution with filter paper... but still yellowish.. and next day... theres some ??? crystal at bottom... im not sure that was tin or not

[@Frankyyodi]

and now i making zncl2 for welding purpose far faster than making tin cl2... 3-4grams zn for 4 hour i guess

[@rich1051414]

Franky Yodi Mmmkay, I guess that means I'll have to experiment myself with it :)

[@omsingharjit]

Can i use it as pcb tinning ?

[@gambangtekop9910]

What did the temperature we need to make stanous chloride salt?, At least for turn solution into salt type, we need to evaporate it right?, But in the boiler with right temperature. Or maybe you have other literation about that. Thanks

[@kristianprokupek6606]

Nice. What is pH of solution? if you put little bit more HCl here, is it a problem or not ?

[@fensui9137]

Kristian Prokupek ist no problem

[@gabrielaelena178]

Can i use it to make conductive glass?

[@SmartKidzee]

Who is watching this video in 2021??

[@sgj85]

Maybe can be speeded up adding hydrogen peroxide?

[@sercan.gundogdu]

I am wondering that this solution is the same thing as "liquid tin" which can be used in home made PCB manufacturing process for electroless tin plating? Do you know the what is liquid tin. It would be awesome if you make a video about it.

[@NileRed]

From the 2 seconds of searching it appears to be a stannous chloride solution with other ingredients like sulfuric acid and urea

[@sercan.gundogdu]

Thanks. I am not able to find this solution in my country (Turkey) or cannot import due to customs regulations for chemicals. I may give this list of ingredients to local chemists.

[@bobi_lopataru]

Can I use lead-free solder even if it contains a flux core?

[@TheRandomness707]

is stannous chloride light sensitive?

[@rich1051414]

+1337_Vid305 I assume so, or he would not have specifically said amber glass bottle. I know stannous chloride has a miserable shelf life regardless xD Light may cause expedited oxidation, making it worse.

[@drewmutt]

Is that amber glass pan (to clean the tin) anything fancy? Oh also, what temp do you heat it at?

[@NileRed]

+Andrew Simmons Honestly no idea to any of your questions. Heat it until it melts and the pan was given to me by a friend.

[@karanbirsoin9983]

I tried it but my solution had a black precipitate, i had dipped my tin bar which also got a black color in the area it was submerged in acid.

[@nisargamin2127]

Can we use is for test of gold in solution

[@liamblackmore6688]

I added pewter instead of tin and it turned cloudy

[@DonaldMelton]

you used 50 ml HCL , how much tin would you recommend to use to a person if they was testing for gold in a solution ?

[@DonaldMelton]

ok , thanks for the information .

[@Hugu5594]

this solution is used for what?

[@thecrudelab3204]

Could have been faster with electrolysis in hydrochloric acid, put positive on the tin, and whatever on the negitive, you know

[@bhartley1024]

I was wondering if that would work, thanks for the confirmation. I'd like to do a one step process to produce tin crystals from tin bars and HCl.

[@MordusdepleinairQuebec]

hey Nile! I bought HCL at the store but i don't no the concentration, is it supposed to be 31,45 % ? i live in canada and it seems pretty concentrated. thanks

[@NileRed]

+The wilderness survivors Yeah it should be. Try looking up the MSDS online

[@MordusdepleinairQuebec]

thanks, when i pour it i see some white vapes are they dangerous?

[@NileRed]

The wilderness survivors It is HCl gas. Do not breathe it in!

[@MordusdepleinairQuebec]

this is what it tought... thanks for quick reply

[@sadsen]

hello how can we do precipitation of this tin chloride?

[@aarushi149]

Can you help with making Stannous Fluoride ?

[@ScienceWithJames]

Aarushi Kalra >.> That would not be pretty

[@Berghiker]

Did you get the tin from tin foil?

[@Noldor97]

nah probably not. Tinfoil is actually made from aluminium nowadays

[@666NIN0]

How to make this stannous chloride into crystal ?

[@sayedalisafishah6666]

I did it twice but not working?

[@NoureddineKiran]

How we can made a TIN2 OCTATE..?

[@mohamedlasqsr]

Hi Nile red... How to isolate a pur Tin from alloy solder??

[@thedeirenir5021]

Can I barf on a container too obtain hydrochloric acid?

[@MuzikBike]

As long as you distill it I suppose?

[@MrAbbyandlilly]

hi guy, i ordered some stanous chloride for my gold/ platinum testing. however, i got crystals instead of solution. do i simply try to dissolve this in water or does it need to be in acid?

[@NileRed]

+abby karim Acid. If you use pure water, a lot will be converted to something you dont want. I am not 100% sure of the concentration of HCl though. It doesn't have to be very high. Concentrated is about 11M, and I think you need like 1M or 2M.

[@MrAbbyandlilly]

thanks so much!

[@Kwazar90]

@NileRed : what are those black bits at the 2:06 ?

[@ScienceWithJames]

Damian Krystkiewicz More than likely particles of unreacted tin.

[@pinksapphire2898]

can this solution also be used for testing for PGM's and gold presence when refining them from scrap

[@NileRed]

+Seth Black What are PGMs?

[@AwsomeVids83]

+Nile Red Platinum Group Metals.

[@mushahidhussain2460]

How to convert it into oxides? SnO2

[@EduardoHuamanlazoTaipe]

would you make a video stannous chloride II of salt please

[@aaronward6092]

Wil this work with tin lead solder

[@shreyverma2971]

can we use aqua regia instead of hcl if we want to do crystal experiment????

[@louistournas120]

Yes, that should be fine. You would get some chloride and nitrate.

[@TDKjim8]

13 hours... woof. Did you know it would take that long at the start? Perhaps cutting the tin much finer would have helped a bit.

[@NileRed]

+TDKjim8 Yeah it would. Tin powder would go much much faster

[@fpm1979]

+Nile Red I hoped that you would show us trick how to speed up the process. When I wanted to chemically remove a tin layer from tin plated pieces I would use antimony pentoxide as a catalyst. Of course this useless if you want pure tin chloride.

[@NileRed]

I researched ways to make it faster, but it seems the easiest thing to do is to just be patient.

[@tylerandliamchemistry6042]

Would it be possible to extract tin from an altoids container? If so, how?

[@damonjackson5857]

thats steel though...

[@jonasmegahed2707]

What is this white Thing in the beaker before you put in the tin and the HCl?

[@NileRed]

+Jonas Megahed Its a stir bar! I lets me stir the solution automatically using the stirring function of the hot plate.

[@paulbriones3235]

what is that thing you used to mix it in the beaker while it was heating up ? 🤔

[@ScienceWithJames]

Paul Briones Stir plate + magnetic stir bar

[@paulbriones3235]

ScienceWithJames thanks

[@setoman1]

Wouldn't this produce chlorine gas as well?

[@samward6300]

no because the chlorine is apart of the molecule created

[@morganearp2265]

I heard that lead reacts with chlorine to create chlorine gas, so if there's lead with the tin, there may be chlorine gas.

[@aaronward6092]

Can you say how long this took to dissolve

[@BlueMoonshine]

He said it in the video: 13 hours

[@hossamslime9354]

Hi I have stannous chloride powder how get SN Cl solution

[@kanundash]

can this solution use for tinning copper pcb?

[@SGxxxy]

why does the small tablet in the solution at the beginning of the video spins?

[@NileRed]

+roughwordstotell novels Mostly magic, but also because of magnets.

[@SGxxxy]

+Nile Red magnets. right. HAHAHA

[@drewmutt]

+Nile Red Happen to know the size of that stir rod?

[@kobold7763]

Believe it or not you can actually just buy this stuff.

[@saikittang7450]

can I use lead free solder

[@boluguzici9441]

Lead-free solder is basically tin, so yeah

[@Spycyzygy]

Where do you get those bottles? also where did you get the tin?

[@NileRed]

+Rsaramallac The bottles are old deuterated solvent bottles from the lab. The tin i bought from ebay from a guy in Russia.

[@Spycyzygy]

+Nile Red Dang. You with you're fancy lab connections :l

[@NileRed]

I used to be a grad student, so that makes it easier :p

[@Spycyzygy]

I am but a simple Florida native with a table on my driveway :l

[@NileRed]

That's a good place to start! :p

[@Emetris]

if i ask a question now, would you answer?

[@vaprin2019]

I suppose not

[@sheltonregismarianayagam205]

What country are you from?

[@willdeng3748]

What is 31.45 in molarity ?

[@skhumbuzocele1330]

You can calculate it yourself from that data....

[@osamamohamed-is4ky]

Can I used solder for making this

[@isay4537]

I know I'm a little bit late but I guess you can. Solder is basically tin with some additives like copper, silver or lead depending on what solder you use.