OLD NORSE, GOTHIC, & OLD ENGLISH

[@EccentricTuber]

I love this series, especially stuff with Gothic in it. Though, forgive me if I'm wrong, but I believe that Old English's "Ea" diphthong is actually pronounced /æɑ/.

[@user-hnjga8is1zr6u]

You're correct. To everyday ears it must've sounded like "eå".

[@monnaak]

@@user-hnjga8is1zr6u æå?

[@vseslavkazakov356]

I do not speak german but i feel like gothic sounds way closer to modern german than the other two languages here. Does anyone who speak german agree/disagree?

[@modmaker7617]

The European Germanic family; England 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿, UK 🇬🇧 Netherlands 🇳🇱 Flanders, Belgium 🇧🇪 Luxembourg 🇱🇺 Germany 🇩🇪 Austria 🇦🇹 German Switzerland 🇨🇭 Liechtenstein 🇱🇮 Denmark 🇩🇰 Norway 🇳🇴 Sweden 🇸🇪 Faroe Islands 🇫🇴 (Denmark) Åland 🇦🇽 (Finland) Iceland 🇮🇸

[@bilgesez]

Notice how they are all developed countries, some are the most developed in the world, Norway for example. I'm glad for Germanics. Also don't forget Anglo colonised countries: US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand.

[@modmaker7617]

@@bilgesez I specified European so all their overseas colonises (mostly British but there's also Dutch colonises like Suriname and the Afrikaans language community in South Africa) not needing to be mentioned.

[@nattkullav8657]

Scotland 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Frisia ....

[@modmaker7617]

@@nattkullav8657 Scotland is Celtic not Germanic. Frisia is a province of the Netherlands.

[@fisher1634]

@@modmaker7617 Scotland is also Germanic... They have Scots, a sister language to modern English descended from Northumbrian old English

[@rolandfink2537]

We must Revive the East Germanic Languages! greetings from Germany🇩🇪

[@CarvedStones]

Unfortunately the only east Germanic language with any sizable texts for it is gothic, the rest were just spoken orally, they didn’t write it down.

[@loho1125]

The weird thing is that me, a native speaker of the west germanic modern German, found the east germanic Gothic language to be more familiar. It was not really intelligable, of course. But concerning the numbers, it was a lot easier to understand than old english or old norse. Which is interesting, because I speak english quite well.

[@CarvedStones]

Gothic is more or less like some archaic form of german/Swedish really, with some Greek spiced in.

[@roelandaudenaerde8312]

I am Dutch, and I think I understood half of the Old English. It sounded like Frisian, with the numbers being very similar to the current Dutch ones. For me, Gothic was most difficult to understand. By the way, do we know what other East Germanic laguages like Vandalian, Burgundian, Suevian, Gepidian or Longobardian sounded like?

[@fabianfuchs1402]

The Old English (Angles) came originally from the Southern Part of the Cimbrean Penisula (Northern Schleswig in Southern Denmark & Southern Schleswig in Northern Germany). Uniting with the Jutes in Northern Denmark, the Saxons in Northern Germany and particularly also the Frisians in Western Netherlands on their way to Britain, they formed the Germanic Tribal Confederation of the Anglo-Saxons.

[@monnaak]

You can hear that Old Norse was to become Swedish, Norwegian, Icelandic etc. And same w old English, you can hear that it’s to become English and scots. And, gothic sounds like a mix between the two. Very interesting

[@ruhmuhaccer864]

This seems, with all due and even undue respect, rather redundant a comment.

[@Reichsritter]

@@ruhmuhaccer864 Yes, most of the time people speak of "mixes", it ends up being nonsensical

[@camulodunon]

​@@ruhmuhaccer864 not really.

[@hectoralarconhabif2590]

So beautiful sounding.

[@marin4311]

Andy is making an anthology of languages for us and the generations to come.

[@Lxnar_Slay3r]

The new video formatting is pretty cool! You give more info about the languages! However, I do think that all the extra info could be put into a separate video.

[@ΣαπλαχίδηςΘεόδωρος]

Nice to hear a summary of the history of a language. Nice job.

[@alejandrosanchezsarasua5400]

We have a lot in common with Gothic and Old Norse, an example, in asturian we say "sabli" to the sand like bretons and in norse, and in basque "aita" that means "father" like the name "atta" in gothic... moreover we have a lot of common culture with them. Very interesting. Thanks!

[@thescience786]

Videos with such explanation are even better!!!

[@viictor1309]

I really appreciate the new intro with some more didactic info

[@alriktyrving5051]

In Sweden there is still an island called Gotland/Gutland were the people are called gutar and their dialect gutniska. The Goths are supposed to originally have come from there, even according to the legends of the island.

[@arthurs4093]

This is why I plan to study Scandinavian languages and cultures as my university's cursus.

[@Mawnt]

Cool! I’m a swede by the way.

[@polluxxxx399]

@@Mawnt Me too

[@pedro.516]

very good video, as per usual-your channel’s the best!

[@hipperant]

I have a dream to learn all germanic languages and understand all slavic, because all of our grand-grandfathers were very closely connected to each other. It's hard to imagine the language of theirs, but i believe that it existed in one form or another

[@mirelaconstantin4560]

Andy, can you guys make a video of how similar Italian and Romanian is?

[@enestekin6109]

Thanks to you I learn so many things. Thanks a bunch!

[@Hun_Uinaq]

The trouble, of course, lies in the different stages of old Germanic during Which these languages were attested. They are not all attested to from the same period. Therefore, we do not really know what West and North Germanic sounded like in the moutths of speakers contemporary with the Gothic of Ulfilas which is the absolute oldest variety of Germanic we have today. This is quite unfortunate. It leaves open the question of whether or not there was mutual intelligibility among the different Germanic tribes and to what degree this intelligibility existed. For instance, the danes and the Saxons that were in England during the ninth century supposedly understood each other without translation and, according to Jackson Crawford, somebody wrote in Iceland three or 400 years later that this was because the languages of the two peoples were more or less one and the same at the time. This begs the question: could the great grandparents of Hengist and Horsa have communicated with those of Alareiks the Goth without translation and what would the flavor of their speech have been like? Another interesting one concerns the famous Latin scholar Alcuin or Ealhwyn, as he would have pronounced his name in life. During his time in the court of Charlemagne, what would his interactions with the pagan Friesians have been like? Would their speech have made them feel like they were of his own people? This was a fascinating video. Thank you very much for posting.

[@weepingscorpion8739]

I think Gothic would've stood out. It doesn't have I-mutation for instance which is a huge soundchange West and North Germanic share. So while speakers of North Germanic and West Germanic would've sort of understood each other in the 10th century, I don't think East Germanic would've been immediately understood. I wonder if Vikings ever came into contact with Iberian or North African Vandalic speakers. It's not attested in writing anywhere and I'm also not sure if Vandalic survived that long. That's really the only possible contact I see North (or West) Germanic speakers having with East Germanic speakers.

[@CarvedStones]

@@weepingscorpion8739 By the the time Vikings sailed to Iberia and North Africa, the goths and vandals were already assimilated, even more so when they stopped speaking gothic in favor for Latin.

[@Hun_Uinaq]

@@weepingscorpion8739 well, do you think it would’ve stood out in the fourth century? Gothic of the fourth century might’ve shared enough with the rest of the dialects to have some intelligibility. It does seem to be a mutation in the nominative between East Germanic north Germanic where nominative -s becomes nominative -r. There’s also loss of dual we in the west and north. But, the question is, when did they lose it?

[@monnaak]

The old Norse in this video is most likely an east Norse dialect. Because of, for example. In west Norse you will see a lot of ǫ, while in east Norse where there is ǫ in west Norse, there’s most likely an a in east Norse. An example from this video: In the video it’s “iarðu” East Norse: iarðu West Norse: jǫrðu in west Norse a can’t appear before u, so it becomes an umlaut and becomes ǫ. While this doesn’t happen in east Norse. There’s also the use of æ. Æ is used more in east Norse than west Norse. In west Norse it would be verði while in east norse it’d be værði. Another example from the video. There’s also the use of “ð”. It’s much more commonly used in west Norse than in east Norse. West Norse: gefðu East Norse: Gefþu Anyways, byeee

[@leonillgordon5887]

Learning these old languages are more complicated than now.

[@gustavczhao5323]

It’s interesting that “father” in Gothic is “atta”, which is seemingly closer to Turkic languages than Old Norse and Old English (at 4:02)

[@abhimanyuvarmma7955]

Fatthar , F'atttar' I think like convergent evolution It may arosed independentl Or was a loan word when huns came Hunnish empire existed during the rule of Hannibal

[@rauðaz]

Atta is used among other Indo-European languages, the Proto-Slavic *otьcь, the Albanian atë, the West Frisian heit and the Latin tata are all cognates with the Gothic atta, not because of any Turkic but because the Indo-European *ph₂tḗr had a synonym that is reconstructed as *átta.

[@captainch6182]

@@abhimanyuvarmma7955 Nah, the Huns arrived in Europe hundreds of years later, around 350 AD

[@ruhmuhaccer864]

@@rauðaz I am suprised you did not mention Hittite "atta-s" and "amma-s" (mother). Which is by the way a refutation of gender ideologic grammar theory in IE-languages.

[@MrMorgan316]

Father essentially just like other Germanic Languages "th" turns to "t" or "d" Fatter. "F" gets dropped. "Atter". R is dropped. "Atta"

[@tzuyoda691]

can you start sorting videos in playlist according to the continent/region ? that'd be helpful & appreciated

[@kintetsubuffalo]

Andy this is amazing, and more in-depth than usual! What is your native tongue? (I'd swear Gothic, but...) Thank you for your calling?

[@modmaker7617]

I'd swear Andy's native language is Tagalog/Filipino.

[@HeyKevinYT]

Does Andy have a degree in Linguistics

[@Alex-yr8wt]

@@modmaker7617 it is

[@belle_pomme]

@@modmaker7617 Really? I didn't know that

[@ennui9745]

She is Filipino, I am as well and I can pick up her accent when she's speaking English (plus the fact that she speaks Tagalog very fluently).

[@bjornragnarsson1798]

Speaking the basics of most germanic languages I noticed that gothic, even though being an extinct eastern germanic language, has got a lot of similarities to the modern german. The numbers but also some words such as unsar instead of ure or var. Also the word weihnai in gothic for holy instead of haeilagt and gehalged makes sense, since their modern german word weihnachten means christmas

[@patchy642]

Isle of Tenerife, Spain, Tenerife. Great videos! When do you plan to compare and contrast Old English and Frisian? Best wishes, Patrick.

[@Krystic111]

You are excellent at pronunciation. Slightly mistaken seeming, the us world in Old English, which should be pronounced like short oo+s, not as ys, otherwise no mistakes at all, like a time traveler doing accurate research of the past. I do commend you and recommend for furtherance of the understanding of Language.

[@heisenberg6317]

Please can u make the next video about *interslavic language/medžuslovjansky jezyk* ? that would be a great video

[@johncortez8564]

Exactly the same conversation between king ecbert and ragnar...good jlob!😊😊👍

[@RC-vc8pz]

3:12 start

[@Feelyourpainnn]

Did the Vikings and Anglo-Saxons understand each others ?

[@belugaowo]

Is it me or is this the first time you made such an introduction 😳

[@theworldoflanguages8772]

No

[@weepingscorpion8739]

It makes me wonder which dialect of Old Norse is used here. 1150-1350 made me think textbook Old Norse but the text presented and the pronunciation of v as w makes me think this is something else, like late Old Danish or something. Great video though.

[@ViktorRotkiv98]

I love your Channel.. but please can you explain why you keep removing videos 😥 it’s always disappointing when I go to look up a language and it’s gone. I’m not sure why you do this, will you re-upload?

[@ilovelanguages0124]

Thank you, dear! I privated the playlist because I am fixing them it will be up soon!

[@ViktorRotkiv98]

@@ilovelanguages0124 yay! Thank you, also biggest fan ever!! 😄 Thank you for preserving so many languages, I especially loved the Celtic and Aboriginal Australian language. Keep up the great work!

[@natara2384]

Hi Andy! I know this will be very different from your current topic, but are you able to cover the Baba Malay language? I would love to hear it as I'm part Peranakan.

[@ilovelanguages0124]

Hi, dear! I'm open for submissions. Lemme know if you know someone who can volunteer. :)

[@xenowolfraptor]

Loved the video !

[@cesargomez376]

I like your videos. From Dominican Republic.

[@rickfromhell]

Thank you for your channel, Andy, I love your videos! Language is amazing!

[@BatAskal]

@4:56 in Modern Germanic English: and Forgive us our guilt, as well as we forgiveth our others' guiltdom.

[@Poetria_Elysia]

Þakka þér fyrir Andy!

[@Regular_Decorated_Emergency]

Creepy how I understood this.

[@branicevomapping2190]

What happened with the playlists?

[@ЕгорГордин-и7л]

Please do Old Dutch (Old Low Franconian), Old High German & Old Frisian

[@lba6859]

Plus Old English (which is supposingly close to the metioned)

[@12tanuha21]

And Old Low German (or Old Saxon)

[@diegorusso6900]

Lovely!

[@larrywave]

This was good 😇

[@Wxyz2001]

I know that it doesn't have anything to do with the video, but I liked the new intro. In the past I thought that your/the voice was a type of robotic one, just like Google translate. Now I know that it's ur real voice, and with all respect without flirting, u have a super cute voice and a nice accent.

[@parmida28]

you should do a video on oats Jenkin's new english alpabet

[@maxglendale7614]

Old Norse sound more like modern English, than Old English. LOL.

[@bobertjones2300]

I thought so also.

[@ChristianThomasLeitel]

Old Ænglish 4:02 4:21 4:36 5:13

[@leonardoamorim2518]

Oh my god, this is amazing😁👏👏👏

[@klauskaliaj3955]

Based on the explanation of the alphabets ,did anybody else hear slightly greek tones in gothic and latin tones in old english?

[@CarvedStones]

Gothic had a bit of a Greek influence from living within the boundaries of the eastern Roman Empire, not to mention its very similar to proto-Germanic. The angles probably picked up some of the roman-Briton dialec when they invaded Britain.

[@chusty93]

No Old High German? That's an important one

[@albmappingut_f2216]

Very interesting

[@au9parsec]

Andy loves languages

[@au9parsec]

Andy loves my comment ❤️

[@veronicalogotheti5416]

The romans called the frigians angel From were did they take anglo saxon

[@quamne]

they sound beautiful

[@abhinavchauhan7864]

Can you please do proto Semitic and proto indo Aryan and avestan and proto Iranian? Sorry i am asking for too much

[@Regular_Decorated_Emergency]

YES.

[@smitchmarcomani5937]

Can you do Thadou language please🙏

[@Zaffrod]

I miss the quick language comparisons…🥺

[@altheamantes2041]

The time you Could understand is the word understand

[@AnulaibazIV]

Where did you get the source for The Lord's Prayer in Old Norse?

[@Dionysus784]

can you please do the pomor dialect of russian?thank you

[@CinCee-]

How does the narrator know how to pronounce these now dead languages so well?

[@Patrickbatemanharvard]

Old Norse and old english are quite similar... Can't say the same for Gothic

[@SarimFaruque]

Bring back gothic language

[@CarvedStones]

You have to speak it first

[@junatantigaantanom8890]

Please Make Murutic Langunge

[@joshuabradshaw9120]

I can see how Old English lost much of its inflection due to contact with Old Norse speakers. Similar to the Romance languages which evolved from regional dialects of vulgar Latin and became simplified due to contact with speakers of languages besides Latin, English was gradually simplified due to the need for those who were not native speakers of that language to communicate more easily with those who were.

[@shikhaupr]

How did you make this without using google translate?????

[@matthewsteele99]

"British isles and Ireland" is redundant Ireland is part of geographic British isles

[@ItsAA_Plays]

Can you do the urdu language?

[@emperorshowa8842]

What languages ​​will be popular in the future? 1- English 2- mandarin 3- Arabic 4- Spanish

[@magnus00125]

As a dane I understood some old norse. But also think english today seem more similar to old norse, but ofc that might be wrong. Gothic looks difficult. Did not understand anything at all

[@thomash7294]

I am Dutch and I understood Old Norse more than Old English

[@tengri_tunga]

3:58 Gothic uses word "atta" for father. "Ata" means father or ancestor in Turkic language. Is it possible that they borrowed this word from a Turkic language? Maybe they borrowed it from Huns, or other Turkic folks later.

[@CarvedStones]

It’s just a coincidence. The Visigoths were never under hunnic control but the Ostrogoths were.

[@nextpage5707]

New Style ! I need to see your face. Please 😁

[@-cinnamonangela-]

The first vid that I watched in this channel is the asian greetings one

[@MrMorgan316]

Some old norse signs sound still intelligible to me an English speaker. But it's hard to hear but I can understand a bit. Old english a tad less and gothic not so much at all. But I do speak German so I am a little advantaged I guess

[@camulodunon]

"to become thin rice"? 🤨❓

[@mikaelbackman2448]

The vikings werer talking old norse in sweden also

[@Davlavi]

cool.

[@thespyingxypher3726]

can you do han-viet dialect?

[@nenisguevaragomez8122]

Why sodlice instead of Amen?

[@ottoman1594]

Maybe it is just a coincidance, but the gothic word for father "atta" sounds like the turkic word for father "ata"

[@500mandarin]

It's a baby talk word presented in many unrelated families, similar to "mama"

[@12tanuha21]

The F at the start just dropped away

[@Unknown86483]

Am i the only one who talks about how six in Old Norse and Old English is pronounced as sex😅😅

[@artedealex676]

The descendants of the goths all speak an Iberian language now lol

[@GuacaDeDom]

3:30

[@MrPillowStudios]

3:31 Can we do this together please?

[@theworldoflanguages8772]

😗😗

[@kevinnnn7]

Video idea: Belgian German dialect 🇧🇪

[@dylanizurieta3390]

Ic lufige þine lare. -An mann fram andweardnesse.

[@Blue-q3e]

Hola

[@miglena2s]

8!

[@zyklopis]

👏🥰🤗

[@nurassyltileubekov9973]

3:33 sus

[@veronicalogotheti5416]

Runes is greek

[@nezukochan1217]

Acehnese pleass

[@口笛を吹く保安官タナー]

Æld

[@RicardoBaptista33]

Is it possible that Gothic had Turkish influence?

[@Negostrike]

No Goth even got close to a Turk, ever.

[@lba6859]

Gothic stopped its existence before Turks appeared.

[@ANTSEMUT1]

@@lba6859 lol no Attila army had both Turkic soldiers and Gothic warriors.

[@rb98769]

Turkic, not Turkish. Depends on what the Huns spoke, which we don't know for certain whether it was a Turkic language. There was probably some intermingling with the eastern speakers of the language when the Avars & other Turkic tribes arrived in the early Middle Ages, but the Goths themselves were removed west by then and the language was already in decline.

[@CarvedStones]

@@rb98769 the Ostrogoths were under hunnic control but not the Visigoths. It’s said that the Ostrogoths had a different dialect to that of the Visigoths but I think words like these are just coincidences.

[@abhinavchauhan7864]

First😁

[@Perririri]

Normie