Ontogeny and Neoteny

[@treyforest2466]

You kids these days with your “tails” and your “backbones”, always rushing around and looking for your own food source. Back in my day, we knew the value of accepting the hand you were dealt! We clung to the seafloor and strained out suspended matter from the water to feed ourselves, and we liked it! But that ain’t enough for you youngsters, you don’t want to settle down and find a nice patch of reef, you want to swim your whole life away and “see the world”! It ain’t natural, I’ll tell you that. What’s next? Walking on land?

[@lucineidecarvalhodeoliveir5566]

Ok boomer.

[@xuxu3703]

+10000

[@stankyratman5685]

Grandpa it’s the Cambrian Explosion those views on the world are like so last millennia

[@ing4gi]

Before you know it Proterozoic is considered vintage. Kids these days

[@arnoldlane68]

WIN

[@t.b.7291]

So... those classic big eyed, big headed aliens aren't aliens, they're neotenic homo sapiens who invented time travel. Dumdumduuuuum

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Patrick Torn Broers hey it's more likely then them being actual aliens!

[@jac7895]

@@TREYtheExplainer The Freaking Time BABY !!

[@clare5one]

I LIKE THAT!

[@mk_rexx]

Jac *dun Dun DUUUN* _baby giggles_

[@MikeSmith-cl4ix]

I think they're neotenic reptilians and had a civilization here on Earth while we were still Little monkeys.

[@lemoncola1164]

but what if i don't want to stay neotinic, what if i want to lose my spine and become a sea floor butt

[@Robert399]

Buy a couch and download the McDonald's app.

[@arnoldlane68]

#mood

[@tjs9876]

so being a manchild is actually the more evolved state. finally I have justification, thank you

[@iliketofuckwomen1265]

Alien Observer nope . Neotony in humans exist thanks to women . Women are more neotonous than men

[@luiscolin7775]

we are all human tadpoles/axolotli

[@jimmyshrimbe9361]

Not more evolved just older evolutionarily.

[@dw2843]

@@iliketofuckwomen1265 Just because women are more neotenous, it doesn't mean men aren't

[@bloodycinephile]

Physical child like features are better evolutionary genes. Child like mind is not.

[@hhasnohope8488]

I was wondering why bird skulls looked so unusual compared to other animals! I was drawing a bird skull for art class, and took notice to the fact that the eye sockets and cranium were larger than what I've seen in other animals. Thanks for the explanation!:)

[@naturegnatiggy]

Axolotls are probably the perfect example of neoteny, but humans are the most epic.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

I agree ;D

[@Just_A_Guy_Here.]

Using neotney to conquer the world. - Humans

[@josiptitobroz1892]

@Marcos Moutta bold of you to assume op is a human

[@nick-curr]

did you know if you feed mammal thyroid to axolotls they transform into something that looks like a normal lizard

[@birdcomixstudios]

Ancient human: I wanna puppy! Other human: It won't stay a puppy for long you know. Ancient human: YOU WANNA BET and thus selective breeding was born.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

BirdComixStudios XD

[@JackieMReacts]

yeah, we screwed the pooch

[@riddell26]

Thus started the creation of unhealthily deformed dogs

[@JayWkingdomskrumble]

​@@riddell26 even the deformed ones have an evolutionary advantage. As long as human beings are around they will continue to breed dogs even the deformed ones thus perpetuating the species indefinitely. The same argument can be made for any domestic animal species as well as the various agricultural crops. From a genetic perspective this is an extremely effective strategy for guaranteed proliferation of the species. Everything has its price, the price individual members of domesticated animal species pay for this genetic insurance policy is a high one, to say many of them undoubtedly have a very poor quality of life is a massive understatement.

[@rowanheart8122]

Dogs that should not exsist: Most, if not all, bully dogs(trust me, I love them all, but they also all have terrible breathing) Chihuahuas Dachshunds

[@fombocombo]

So, the entire reason we exist is because a young Tunicate just goes "Fuck the Rules!".

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Neo-Nuclearcrazed XD

[@msagzjr.4641]

Neo-Nuclearcrazed I Guess So XD

[@MrHootsMannST101]

THIS

[@theincarnationofboredom207]

and people say teenagers are bad...

[@aspen1606]

I think anime characters are future humans that are neotonous cuz 40 year olds look like teens.

[@DemandAlphabetBeBrokenUp]

Ah....That's 21 Jump street, 90210, that wanna be 90210 that was acting kinda funny and basically every like sitcom in human history.

[@xX_wiLLiam_Xx]

@@DemandAlphabetBeBrokenUp aaaaaaaaaaa!aaæaa

[@ThatMans-anAnimal]

*Asians are future humans that are neotenous cuz 40-year-olds look like teens Fixed it for you

[@sillybeanthing]

@@ThatMans-anAnimal that's kinda racist

[@ThatMans-anAnimal]

@@sillybeanthing What does that even mean in this context? It's not "racist," it's either true or false.

[@marleymars2223]

Interesting how neoteny also seems to be connected to friendliness/ receptiveness to new individuals. Like domestic animals and the idea that we "domesticated ourselves"

[@Dorkeydaze]

Also increase intelligence and cuteness it’s factual cute people get punished less severely and are seen as more valuable another concept “Adultification” proves that cuteness increase your perceived social value especially if you’re a girl

[@KohuGaly]

another even crazier form of neoteny might be photosynthesis in plants. Primitive plants live their life as green haploid organisms (gametophytes). They produce non-photosynthetizing short lived diploid form, just to breed and produce new spores. Ability to photosynthetize in diploid form might be a neoteny.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Wow that's really interesting :)

[@KohuGaly]

TREY the Explainer however, it is not technically a neoteny. Gametophyte and Sporophyte phases are technically stages in reproductive cycle. They have separate ontogenesis and they both reach sexual maturity. In case of sporophyte they produces haploid spores via meiosis, which grow into gametophyte and gametophyte produces sperm/eggs via mitosis. Animals usually skip the gametophyte phase (the sporophite directly produces sperm/eggs), bees being partial exception - drones are male gametophytes forming from haploid eggs (aka spores) and then breed with diploid queens, which means female gametophytes don't exist. In case of animals "gametphyte" and "sporophyte" should be in quotation marks, since it is a botanic term. Even with this in mind, it is actually much more complicated. In seed plants (aka almost everything you casually know as plant) the gametophyte is extremely reduced (to only a few cells in the polen and flower). And seeds themselves are even more complicated, being comprised of an diploid embyo (formed from fusing the haploid sex cells) and triploid (yes 3 sets of chromosomes) nurishing tissue (formed from fusing a haploid sex cell with diploid cell). Basically, plants reproduction is orgie of cells fusing and splitting all over the place... sometimes they don't even give a fuck how many chromosomes they end up with and from where they came. For example Mentha Piperitha is tetraploid hybrid of 4 different species and is incapable of producing its own seeds - it produces seeds of those 4 original species.

[@suelane3628]

Hi, wonderfully put. There does seem to be a natural evolutionary progression from what looks like a haploid algae which from which the gametophyte forms followed by the Sporophyte. Probably initially one cell thick strap like, then leafy as in Liverworts. Mosses produce grow longer 'roots' and can grow up to 14 inches high. The fern plant is like a leafy version of the the moss/liverwort sporophyte and in pine trees the whole process (alternation of generations) is internalised in the cones and takes two years to produce seeds. It is even more internalised and quicker in flowering plants. Another thought: the difference between plants and algae (even seaweeds) is that Plants develop from an embryo, as do Fungi and Animals. Although many groups are multicellular it would seem that embryonic development leads to vast majority of multicellular organisms belong to these kingdoms. (Apart from seaweeds which along with our forests are oxygenating our Planet). Is there something about embryonic development which enables this? Animals in particular develop from a blastular stage. What is the importance of this? Does it enable the Hox genes to subdivide and segment the developing body to produce the wonderful diversity of Bilaterates? Sorry this is long, but a year ago I was looking for this sort of info on the internet but couldn't find any in relation to evolution.

[@vinny184]

that’s alternating generations not neoteny. Gametophytes of ferns can also independently survive, reproduce asexually and never develop into their diploid forms, so they’re not short lived per se. Sußwassertang is a perfect example of this phenomenon.

[@vinny184]

⁠​⁠​⁠​⁠@@suelane3628modern algae, bryophytes, lycophytes, ferns and seed plants all have different forms of reproduction. Only lycophytes and ferns are somewhat similar. The moss and liverworts you see is a dominant haploid gametophyte and their spores are diploid, which can photosynthesize until the sporophyte is fully mature.

[@diamador4471]

Next time somebody tells me to grow up, I'll show them this video.

[@Blaze-ys9cv]

Flesh Maze Tango 👍

[@gremlinnoggin3472]

Agreed

[@AntiFaGoat]

Flesh Maze Tango They'll stop 2 minutes I'm because the "science talk" is too complicated.

[@anoverlycomplicateddinosau685]

I already did that.... they actually watched all of it. surprisingly...

[@brindlebriar]

You should just tell them that they are "weird anuses stuck on the bottom of the ocean,"14:15 and also, therefore, poopy-heads.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

The Pokemon evolution chart was made by: inprogresspokemon.tumblr.com/ Sorry I forgot to credit it you in the video

[@omegacroc2928]

I am a chicken

[@theviper1999uk]

TREY the Explainer yes boi, great video it wass very interesting, i love china nights by kyu sakamoto!

[@michaeldeak5727]

TREY the Explainer never trust Jack Horner with info on T.rex.

[@ClayWar237]

TREY the Explainer can you do a paleo profile about the entelodon? :)

[@PoppyHapalopus]

Do stork skulls and the like also count as neotenic?

[@ErikB605]

"How pathetic your chin looks" "Thank you"

[@shanthala1345]

Lol iam using it against people with strong jaw lines😂

[@HappyBeezerStudios]

And since it's actually smart, it shows that you actually are thankful for it!

[@OHOE1]

Ima go and remake that MYH16 so we get small brain and big jaws. We need to do the reverse to chimpanzees so they can become smarter and take over the world. “I’m inevitable” as one great man once said.👀🐒

[@cheemsstan8192]

Humans literally pressed B in the evolution scene

[@ruby_240]

we wanted those quick Evs for our stats

[@cookeymonster83]

@@ruby_240 actually we stopped evolving because our next form had a lower Special stat and higher Attack stat, as the OP suggested. The reason why Pikachu never wants to evolve

[@forregom]

I get that this is just a joke but it's really frustrating when people use the word Literally wrong

[@bilis2866]

hate these maggots and their pop culture references

[@_Val1312_]

I don't see a point in being prescriptivist about language. Usage literally changes〰️

[@AngellusBlack]

Whoa, I knew tunicates were vertebrates' closest relatives, but the whole idea of basal vertebrates being similar to larval tunicates just blew my mind :O

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Angellus Black I know right? XD

[@petarzhotev7512]

same

[@LauraGriffs]

"stay neotenic " is the coolest nerdiest thing anyone has ever said to me.

[@mcdougalvalentine5801]

I was thinking, it would make a nerdy cool t-shirt slogan.

[@potatotuberdisease3706]

An interesting thing. Neoteny doesn't often result from genetic mutation. The larva (axolotl) of Ambystoma (Mexican walking fish) shows Neoteny because it's found in the the Mexican lakes with less iodine concentration. Iodine is necessary to form thyroid hormones which in turn are necessary for metamorphosis

[@customsongmaker]

Neoteny also refers to human females remaining childlike while men continue to develop into adults.

[@Moistiest110]

To us*

[@potatotuberdisease3706]

@@customsongmaker I find the case opposite

[@nyasha2669]

>Wants to sleep >Trey The Explainer uploads new video I can stay awake for another hour.

[@AvineahrKSol]

Nyasha Chidume same here xD

[@badtime6532]

Nyasha Chidume but it's only 15 minutes long You'd need to rewatch this 4 times to reach your goal

[@lowqualityshitposts8860]

>wants to sleep >sees that trey AND vsauce uploaded new video >watches treys video >wakes up 15 minutes later >"shit i missed it" >tried again >falls asleep again

[@DSFII]

DPOH Productions lol

[@floppythechangeling6694]

Astronomer

[@JackTheVulture]

just wantes to say, i love this channel. i really appreciate all the work put into these videos and how easy to understand you make them!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thank you :) Happy to inform!

[@muticere]

I'm old enough that Dinosaurs were still taught pretty heavily in grade school. I was 8 when Jurassic Park came out, so I grew up surrounded by cool dinosaur stuff. That said, I find it fascinating that other people my age just can't deal with feathered dinosaurs, or the idea that birds are dinosaurs. I think it's awesome. It's like I get to go back and relearn about dinosaurs from scratch.

[@adrianaslund8605]

Neoteny is seen as attractive in many cultures. Its kind of like its using the mechanisms already present to make us care for the young to make us care for our mates. It also makes people feel less threatening. Which is a good trait to have.

[@Dorkeydaze]

Mostly for girls neoteny in man is usually a detriment

[@jacobkarbacka2166]

Plus people do use the word "baby" to describe romantic partners a whole lot...

[@wishbone346]

I'm totally using that argument next time someone tells me to grow up.

[@dinodude7290]

me to body

[@Squishito]

"I can't grow up, I'm a weird anus stuck to the bottom of the ocean."

[@Throckmorpheus]

'Dracorex hogwartsia' Man, these palaeontologists are nerds :)

[@theincarnationofboredom207]

Finn Else-McCormick you have to admit, Dragon King of Hogwarts is a really cool name.

[@MrPunkdude82]

it's named by a group of kids

[@LordZero666]

I love how there is a Sonic The Edgehog gene.

[@sixfootturkey8198]

This is easily the best video you've ever made (for me anyway)! Normally your videos just reciprocate facts I've already soaked up in all my grade school years, but this is a complete revelation to me. It makes perfect sense, and I actually gasped out loud when I saw that the neotinic ascidian had a backbone-like flagella; I've always wondered how little fish came from such oddities like invertebrates. Thanks so much for this man, keep up the good work!!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! Happy to inform! I also learned a lot that I didn't know before ;)

[@catpoke9557]

As soon as I saw that shape with the notocord and the big 'head' at the end all I could think of was an image of a human skeleton with only the skull and spine left. It looked EXACTLY like the beginnings of a head and spine. Amazing

[@augustusbooker6585]

I would personally love to see a video on Anzu. It definitely is one of my favorite omnivorous dinos, mainly because it is believed that they could mimic calls of other dinosaurs.

[@wetube6513]

Anzu is so underated, I hope it makes an appearance in Prehistoric planet season 2.

[@hollyhandgrenade42]

I am hyped for this series on evolution.

[@VeggiePun]

"WELL MAYBE I WANT TO STAY IN THE WATER!? HUH MOM!? YOU EVER THINK OF THAT? MY FRIENDS ARE DOWN HERE MOM!!!"

[@arnoldlane68]

lol

[@quinnkillen7731]

The heads of Traditional Grey aliens look a lot like a Neoteny of Humans O-O

[@LughSummerson]

Dun-dun-DUUUNNN!

[@TomskyB]

So they'd be a neotany of a neotanic neotany.

[@TheNicMMc]

Aliens or evolve time traveling humans of the future? You decide.

[@Mrbananasgfan]

If all lifeforms are neotanic, than what is the true adult of us all?

[@nitrous-heart7584]

sea sponges

[@jackau08]

Heck, I learn more from watching ur vids than from my biology high school textbook in the old days. Thank you very much.

[@lachlanmacarthur8992]

au jack same.

[@Dodoraptor4]

Please do a paleo profile about the dodo. We need to get some respect...

[@dinodude7290]

chikens with eagle beeks and cool colors why the (bad word) not!!!

[@maxmustermann1455]

It's not really paleo tho, is it? We encountered (and quickly killed) thos buggers not that long ago.

[@rauljuarez6541]

finally I've been waiting I enjoy your content man keep it up!!!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks! Hope you enjoy!

[@rauljuarez6541]

TREY the Explainer no probs keep it up

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thank you!

[@randomstuffproductions6194]

TREY the Explainer paleo profile about the etilidont

[@fantomex8188]

Can you make a video about what are saiyan race from DBZ TREY the Explainer

[@CrusnikVideo]

*inhale* *exhale* I love the smell science in the morning.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

PotatoNinja XD I love it

[@xxxsaraHelloxxx]

Get over it Ha

[@memomorph5375]

That progression of t-Rex ontogeny is so good, very plausible feather choices

[@schtinky1151]

2:19 the 9 weeks one is the stuff of nightmares

[@StainlessHelena]

Aliens are just neotenic humans.

[@hatguy8225]

That's how you used to look, buddy

[@jkay2853]

This was a huge gap in my knowledge just filled, great video. I knew the basics of neoteny, and even that humans were 'infant like apes', as well as our steering dogs evolution in the same direction, but backbones? Again great video, just subbed, I've seen your work pop up in YT, but I have so many other channels like Isaac Arthur, Curious Droid, or any other number of things, glad I gave it a watch.

[@justsomeguyhidinginthecomm8167]

11:47 "damn bro you got the whole squad laughing"

[@bonafide4874]

Oh my God, this is so interesting! Liked and subscribed! Please continue to make more videos! I love biology and I knew that axolotls didn't fully grow into their adult forms, but I knew nothing about neoteny or ontogeny!

[@MAFDOMiNUS]

neoception

[@TREYtheExplainer]

XD

[@sants2674]

MAFDOMiNUS Read it right as he said neotenic version of neotenic versions hahahah

[@purplejellyfish395]

XD

[@autonomousthought4106]

especially when you apply it to individual humans or different human races, the world isn't ready for that level of neoception yet

[@theoverseer393]

It still baffles me that from when I was a kid to now, it’s been confirmed that birds are dinosaurs so hard, we have literal visual indisputable evidence that feathers existed on at least some dinosaurs

[@Cernunnnos]

Genuinely one of the best evolution videos I've come across. Think it's the first time in a lonngggggg while that a youtube video has given me any information on the subject that I hadn't already come across.

[@BenSal891]

Consice, coherent explanation of ontogeny and neoteny and how it applies to us. Very well done.

[@belialord]

I'm glad I discovered your channel, you definitely deserve more subscribers!

[@Alex-yz7hk]

Please do a Paleo profile On Troodon!!! I WILL LOVE YOU SO MUCH IF YOU DO !

[@keshav_singh2154]

Death Hunter 101 YEEEEEEEEEEEESSSSSSS

[@anon9579]

How bout cryolophosaurus

[@ryanwalker6363]

"Stay neotenic my friends" is a great outro

[@catpoke9557]

2:26 Baby crocodilians make the most ADORABLE sounds, they're easy to mimic too

[@ZemplinTemplar]

This has been one of your best videos yet. :-) Though I've actually known a lot about neoteny before (including the stuff about the larvae stage of tunicates spinning off into an evolutionary path towards cephalochordates, and thus also vertebrates), you've filled in a few interesting details in my current knowledge of the subject (I especially liked the bit about the MYH16 gene).

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man :) happy you learned something

[@Blaze-ys9cv]

Feathered dinosaur tail found in amber!!!!!!!

[@fadrone368]

MrHotdog94 Trey should do a video about it

[@ClayWar237]

MrHotdog94 in your FACE

[@thedoruk6324]

MrHotdog94 Officially almost all dinosaurs are feathered now... at least all dinos in cretaceous. All feathery dinos; good news or bad news ?!

[@valiapavlou]

The DORUK all theropods were feathered. All the other dinosaur groups were fully scaly, or scaly with quills and simple "crests", while pterosaurs had pycnofibres.

[@thedoruk6324]

Valia 2305 True on the theropods part birds are theropods afterall (All other dinosaur groups are Fully scaly ?!) Not very possible; althrough there's no counter argument against it; but especially considering the very basal primitive dinosaur ancestors like Eoraptor possibly had feathers/plumage. This means All dinosaurs had plumage; into a degree. Not very suprising to see but great to know; even pterosaurs & synapsids had fur or similiar plumage like skin.

[@napoleonvohagnor5917]

Great video! Thank you for making it, I learned a good amount and will now look into it some more because of how interesting that was! Looking forward to more videos in the future, keep it up!!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Napoleon Vohagnor awesome! Happy you learned something and enjoyed it! I'm always happy to inform :D

[@LaSpataCaroli]

Trey:"Pedogenesis" Me: FBI OPEN UP!!

[@cookeymonster83]

You just found out "pedo" means child? At least this video shows everytime we call a sex offender a paedo we are being accurate.

[@samsalamander8147]

This is my second time watching this video it’s just so concise and beautifully explained

[@elliotm7833]

i can't believe you didn't bring up john horner's work on dinosaur ontology, he's has sooooooo many studies concerning dinosaur growth stages

[@ShankX10]

I am happy your not sick anymore I was starting to get worried about you.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Shank X thanks man ;)

[@ShankX10]

TREY the Explainer do you have any social media like a twitter.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Shank X yep, it's in my about section

[@TheAftaaa]

"You are all babies ! Cry some more !! " -from tf2, heavy weapon guy's quote. He never was so close :'o . Such a man of science

[@Zekiraeth]

For April fools you should do a "paleo profile" Dippersaurus Pinecus. Just make something up, it'll be fun.

[@shastabare6026]

This was 10x more interesting that I thought it would be and I came looking for a break down of neotony. Great examples!!

[@yourtubisfilled7164]

What a pure delight this channel is. Information density through the roof and funny as hell too. Respect!

[@ellie_shrug]

12:57 thinks for a moment. Shit, my ancestors were that, basically a weird shaped heart with purple vein looking things. Wow.

[@LordTrilobite]

I used to favour Nanotyrannus being just a juvenile T. rex. But recently I'm not so sure. Mainly due to the Nanotyrannus Bloody Mary having larger arms and hands than those of the adult T. rex Sue. And there is also the new specimen baby Bob, the aleged juvenile T. rex that shows notable differences from Nanotyrannus. Of course, these specimens haven't been properly studied yet so it's still all up in the air.

[@mrbigoofs9820]

Well, I learned that when a T.rex grew, its arms couldn't keep up.

[@michaeldeak5727]

Homer the Triceratops Arms don't shrink, if anything they get bigger. Plus there is a baby Tyrannosaurus dentary found by Dr. Steve Nicklas of Georgia State University, and it has blunt teeth like those of the adult.

[@norisboris1564]

Awesome video mate, this is probably my favorite series yet! Keep em coming :)

[@TheCleverADHDstudios]

Trey your videos are so awesome, it's clear you put a lot of research in and they're both informative and enjoyable

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! I appreciate it ;)

[@ashtonnardella2741]

This video is nothing short of amazing. Nice job as always, Trey.

[@ink1929]

Whenever I see a trey video. YES

[@TREYtheExplainer]

;)

[@enizle5]

I watched that guy getting attacked by a turkey like, 10 times 😂 "...aaAAAHHHH"

[@monhunterz5430]

Can you send me a link, because I've only seen it on this video

[@okije]

for those who might still be interested kzbin.info/www/bejne/aHLHo6Ccn6abpJI

[@PunchCounterpunch_Lizzy]

Would it be possible to do a video explaining "Was Torosaurus a different species than triceratops?" Because I've been wondering that question and would love to see a video (from you) explaining this topic.

[@PunchCounterpunch_Lizzy]

MinutemanSam I was referring to "Horrid three horn face" (Triceratops horridus) species of Ceratopsid. Is it the same as that or is it a different species

[@knee-deepin-doot8742]

If Torosaurus is the same as triceratops ( Even though it was disproven by the finding of a baby Torosaurus) would keep the name Triceratops horridus as it was discovered first.

[@LivingParadox87]

I don't know how it's taken me so long to watch this video, but I think it's one of your best! Very interesting!

[@Lingula77]

Jennifer Clack shows an example of neotony in her book Gaining Ground (p. 144). The early tetrapod Acanthostega has adult skulls that can be extrapolated, as it were, to be juvenile Panderichthys (an intermediate shape) skulls. The extrapolation is based on the ontogeny of Eusthenopteron, a lobe-finned fish!

[@April_idk]

neoteny traits are also often naturally mutated in more docile or/and social creatures of one species. This is seen in a russian experiment with foxes, they tried to breed foxes to be less stresses in captivity for fur farms by breeding calmer and docile foxes resulting in almost dog like pup foxes that wagged tails. (there is a docu on yt about it somewhere) More social/outgoing is definitely a good trait in pack animals so neoteny evolution is more often seen in pack animals and especially apes where non alphas are allowed to breed. pretty much resulting in apes reaching intelligent evolution first of all. So maybe we should stop breeding cute small dogs before they obtain high intelligence owo'

[@zaragozrex]

I've waited a bit for a new video.

[@SgtTwilight]

Was this video really quiet for anyone else? I have the volume and my speakers volume on max and it's still pretty low.

[@pomponi0]

I recently saw a lecture on KZbin where prof. Richard Wrangham said bonobos are also paedomorphic, having a smaller skull with less powerful jaws and smaller canines. That also explained their low aggression and the retention of juvenile behaviours like playing, sharing and helping strangers (infant chimps do these things too, but they stop after maturing)

[@satoshiketchump]

probably one of my favorite videos on evolution in the whole site

[@Hot_Wingz_]

i have a pet axolotl :3 her name is Wooper.

[@bensteinhart9268]

KittyCatGaming! Inject her with iodine and get a Quagsire!

[@KhanMann66]

lol

[@baranguirus]

KittyCatGaming! I always thought that wooper was more like a siren, due to its lack of front limbs

[@maxmustermann1455]

At first I read Whopper. Now I'm hungry.

[@derpysheep5872]

Hot_Wingz_5207 after the pokemon? Ik that’s a stupid question

[@Vulpio7775]

Disney's Dinosaur is playing on my T.V as we speak! Keep up the good work, TREY.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Tyler Villarreal thanks!

[@Vulpio7775]

TREY the Explainer No problem. Now I can more-easily clarify to people as to how wolves are related to dogs. Following the separated multi-verse theory, it's also possible that people in another universe could have tried to do a similar domestication process with crocodilians instead of wolves, and created hundreds of new breeds of tame crocodile, alligator, and caiman. Maybe they could even get to something close to Triassic pseudosuchians through enough breeding! Also, speaking of crocodilians, I'd like to hear your opinion on this "buffalo-croc" calf which died minutes after birth and was brought to a village by Thailanders who believed it would bring good luck. In my opinion it could be the result of mutations that affected the offspring's development process, but the scales which cover it's fur seem a bit like something you would find on a reptile and less like a mammal. It's the real SCP-682! (Sort of). www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3260787/What-earth-creature-Bizarre-animal-appears-hybrid-crocodile-buffalo-terrifies-villagers-Thailand.html

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Tyler Villarreal The animal in the image appears to have some kind of skin disorder, it isn't the product of crocodilian and mammalian reproduction

[@Vulpio7775]

+TREY the Explainer Ah, that makes much more sense. Good analogy!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Tyler Villarreal thanks man! happy to help

[@birdcomixstudios]

Is Mumble from Happy Feet neotenic, I never understood why he kept his chick coloration?

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Oh man! You're right! some sort of hormone imbalance might be to blame for his immature coloration. Great eye!

[@Weirdanimalboy]

Yes, he could be considered neotenic. It's most likely just a side-effect of being dropped as an egg. He also kept the chick-screech, one of the reasons he couldn't sing.

[@possummagic3571]

So that's why he couldn't sing!

[@CrocAttack_Z]

Another amazing video to add to your collection Trey. Learned a lot from it, keep up the great work. 👍

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! Happy to inform ;)

[@curtbalch2321]

Freaking awesome video. I'm a general nerd, but my wife has her bachelor's in genetics and doctorate in developmental pediatrics and had never encountered the term neoteny before either (or had forgotten it). The idea that some evolutionary development can be attributed to certain developmental traits being switched off rather than relying wholly on spontaneous traits appearing simplifies the evolutionary concept. Definitely going to remember this when it comes time to explain evolution to our daughter. Thanks!

[@Jasonwolf1495]

We have a genetically modified axolotl at my college. It glows in the dark. Also his name is Kipper, and he is the best.

[@alvaronavarro4895]

BRUUUH that's so cool

[@enzobg2011]

Loved this video , Neoteny is a very interesting concept

[@TREYtheExplainer]

enzobg2011 thanks man! And I agree :)

[@bricc9964]

Some sponge 500 million years ago: Dude, you’re so immature. Grow tf up. Literally the ancestor of all vertebrates: *_NUH UH_*

[@Groggle7141]

Hasn't the idea that vertabgrates are a product of tunicate neotony been debunked nowadays? We are more closely related to tunicates than we are to lancelets, which means that it's more likely that tunicates evolved from a free-moving common ancestor, than for us to evolve from sessil tunicates. There’s an article about this by Cristian Canestro, which talks about the studies done to show this.

[@ED-cl7nl]

This last one about the birth of vertebrates absolutely blew me away Wow

[@stegotyranno4206]

Wife: Ook, The wolves ate our kids! Ook the caveman: So let’s steal their kids, and we will do something worse And there for, selective breeding was born 10,000 years later A chihuahua goes to its natural hunting ground, Taco Bell along with her symbiotic humanoid companion

[@THG_thehumangod]

Stegotyranno 420 symbiotic? You wish!

[@stegotyranno4206]

Thehumangod I guess.

[@TheHannahcast]

Holy shit. I already knew a lot about evolution, but this is the one of the most baffling yet perfectly sensical things I've seen since Inception. Sadly, extremists won't listen.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Christian Tyler Hannah happy to inform! And it's always too bad some members of our species prefer to believe in fairy tales over reason

[@TheHannahcast]

I'm wondering, are there any cryptids you DO think have a possibility of existing?

[@TREYtheExplainer]

CTH Productions Not that I know of.

[@tylersaurusakro]

13:29 talk about a rebel.

[@RickaramaTrama-lc1ys]

Now I must find a safe place to unwind~!! Boy this Evolution Stuff is a Trip. Thanks for teaching us what we never knew.

[@lowqualityshitposts8860]

this might have been your best video until now! good job can you do a video either about what came before the dinosaurs, or directly (first 10 million years) after them

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! and I'd be happy to

[@sehfisch2350]

So if our skulls are like the skulls of Baby apes, do adult apes think we are cute?

[@Spinocroc123]

hello trey! what a cool video about biology! even though i will admit i'm currently questioning evolution, i find it a very cool and interesting video. also, i recall Jack Horner talking about torosaurus actually being a fully matured triceratops and t rex being a complete scavenger. do you agree with any of these claims and could you do any videos about them (if you didn't.

[@CosmicCaribbean]

spinocroc123 It's been disprovened a WHILE ago

[@Daniel-vo1rx]

Both of those theories have been disproven

[@mrbigoofs9820]

I didn't hear about any of these disprovings. Sources?

[@mrbigoofs9820]

well, the T.rex one, but I haven't heard about the Triceratops-Torosaurus one.

[@christianbeck3555]

Homer the Triceratops Farke, 2011 and Longrich, 2012

[@StatedClearly]

This is gold!

[@commentingaccount1383]

I had no idea that that was how vertebrates came about. That is so awesome. Amazing video thank you

[@theFLRN]

this video was just incredibly fun to watch and actually made me learn about my body. well done my friend

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! Happy you inform ;)

[@theFLRN]

TREY the Explainer but it's you who informs.

[@EmbeMamaChannel]

Hi trey i was thinking could you do a video on if dinosaurs coexisted with man

[@TREYtheExplainer]

I've already done some on that topic, I plan on making an entire series discussing the "evidence" to support non-avian dinosaur coexistence with man

[@EmbeMamaChannel]

TREY the Explainer No i was just talking about like an alternate timeline humans and dinosaurs coexist, dinosaurs never go extinct, but humans arise.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

It's difficult to make a scenario like that. Mammal diversity post-K-Pg owes itself entirely to the extinction of the majority of the dinosaurs. The extinct freed up the niches and ecosystems allowing mammals to take the roles once filled by the dinos. We wouldn't exist without that extinction

[@EmbeMamaChannel]

While yes i understand that but now I have an idea. What you can do is talk about the dinosaurs, and prehistoric animals, of all the 8 continents. If you want my opinion do first europe, africa, asia, north america, south america, australia, new zealand(Yes new zealand is a continent) and antarctica.

[@realdaggerman105]

EmbeMamaChannel New Zealand isn't a continent.

[@mikeylp6832]

im supposed to be playing game of war but this one player keeps kicking my ass

[@eringarsteini7820]

is it the legend 27?

[@augustusbooker6585]

Eringar steini Yeah, TheLegend27

[@eringarsteini7820]

Deathhunter101 sure

[@valiapavlou]

michael pichardo is it the legend27

[@blergh9416]

So Trey could you do a video on Lost Tapes?

[@paladinrense2324]

That was my favorite show when I was 11.

[@ManSpider92]

Some of them legit scared me as a kid.

[@benthomason3307]

i genuinely thought those were real.

[@MorganRhysGibbons]

Your videos just keep getting better and better! Keep up the great work!

[@TREYtheExplainer]

Thanks man! I'm happy you enjoyed them!

[@jonasMasterCraft]

Even just the sound effects already deserve a 100 likes

[@vtheawesome]

Hey Trey, I don't know if you read the comments, but if you do maybe you could answer this for me: why did birds develop beaks?

[@joldsaway3489]

vtheawesome I may not have the same authority as Trey, but my guess is that beaks made it easier for dinosaurs/birds to forage for scraps of food. Eventually though, some became stronger so they could break bone when eating carrion to get more nutrients.

[@spartancccoach]

vtheawesome It may have been a result of dinosaurs becoming smaller and more bird-like, which made them eat more insects. However, take that with a grain of salt as I've done little research on this topic.

[@CosmicCaribbean]

vtheawesome _Avialans_ developed beaks as a basal trait because of their effectiveness in omnivorous/insectivorous needs when the K-Pg extinction event occured. Knowing the largest animals to survive were no bigger than a small dog/average sized cat, you would expect stem birds like _Troodon_, _Avisaurus_, _alvarezsaurids_, hell even smaller _oviraptorosaurs_ or _maniraptorans_ to be successful right? Well because as stated above and what Trey said in the video about _avialans_ having favored neoteny for better flight capabilities, intelligence, & superior vision, non-avian dinosaurs were easily outcompeted by their adaptive feathered relatives who had the right evolutionary abilites to last long after the catastrophic event and fully recover to fill in the now empty niches of the early Paleogene.

[@lowqualityshitposts8860]

Beaks are very light compared to snouts/normal mouths, and therefore birds are better at flying because they are not top heavy

[@spartancccoach]

DPOH Productions It was probably a combination of the two

[@zillaman2008]

11:49 Me and the boys when we discovered a Dungeon in Minecraft

[@pimpminya7131]

Will you make a video about Sasquatch?

[@monstersday5829]

Your content is so good, I wonder why you don't have more subscribers.

[@crickey.]

Right here the most interesting video I´ve seen in the year. Dont stop the good work my friend.

[@TREYtheExplainer]

thanks man!