M9? G41? Apple Rootstocks Explained with John Strang ( EPS # 88)

B9? EMLA107? What's the difference between the many different types of rootstocks used for apple trees. And which is the best for you? Learn more in this episode of The Urban Forestry Radio Show and Podcast. Our expert guest is John Strang, Retired Extension Fruit and Vegetable Specialist from the University of Kentucky.
Read the article version of this podcast here:
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Chapters
00:00 Introduction
02:17 What are apple rootstocks?
03:07 History of apple rootstocks
04:07 History of Malling apple rootstocks
04:43 How Malling propagated rootstocks
06:04 Apple rootstocks from around the world
07:41 Why different rootstocks are needed
08:33 How fruiting keeps dwarfing trees small
09:54 Why dwarfing rootstocks can be brittle
10:52 Downside of dwarfing trees
12:44 Changing popularity of rootstocks
16:42 Apple rootstocks and fruit tree nurseries
19:16 Growing apple rootstocks from seed
20:09 What is fireblight
22:39 Fireblight resistant rootstocks
23:23 How to wash pesticides off apples
24:23 Bagging apples to protect them from pests
25:41 Apple rootstocks in Florida
29:49 Fruit tree grafting online course
30:50 Whiffletree Nursery
31:58 Silver Creek Nursery
35:23 Rootstocks and scions that work well together
37:00 Apple rootstocks for Alaska
40:20 Apple rootstocks in Canada
41:59 Freestanding dwarf rootstocks
43:59 Semi dwarf rootstocks for public spaces
44:34 Interstem grafting
47:03 Thinning fruit to increase tree growth
52:10 Bud9 vs M9 apple rootstocks
54:13 Grafting with Dolgo rootstock
56:05 Why dwarfing trees need more care*
58:14 Show wrap up
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[@jeffnielsen4057]

Paraphrase: "A resistant rootstock does not give resistance to the scion, you still need to take care of the scion/variety. It's good to have the rootstock resistant because the suckers of the rootstock may be the entry port of the bacteria/fireblight. In all my reading, I have never had this explained, thank you.

[@Orchardpeople]

So glad it’s helpful Jeff! John is an incredibly knowledgeable person!

[@troydunn6228]

Yes my ears perked up too.

[@Biophile23]

You can most certainly buy individual or bundles of 10 rootstocks these days as well as scionwood. It's becoming a lot more popular these days.

[@Orchardpeople]

That’s great since there is lots of interest in grafting today.

[@nonyadamnbusiness9887]

That's what he said in the video.

[@kartikaysharma270]

Nice more such vedio

[@erwinbrubacker7488]

T Y so very much for this topic.

[@Orchardpeople]

Glad it was helpful!!!!

[@grahamlait1969]

The most widely used rootstock in the world is still M9. Unlike the rest of the world, West Malling developed their rootstocks with a degree of scientific research that had never been seen before. The experimental trees were grown with glass walled subterranean tunnels beside them so that the rootstocks could be examined in growth, be properly evaluated and photographed. As usual, the Brits gave it all away to the rest of the world for free, the result of which is that the British tree fruit industry has been decimated by foreign competition because the UK doesn't have a particularly good climate for growing tree fruits and there's nothing you can do about the weather.

[@Orchardpeople]

Thanks for sharing that interesting history! It’s true that the development of M9 rootstock by West Malling was a major scientific breakthrough. It’s unfortunate that the British tree fruit industry faces challenges due to climate and competition, but the contribution to global horticulture has been invaluable.

[@delprice3007]

Outstanding, thankyou! Have you made a presentation of research into apple replant disease?

[@Orchardpeople]

Not yet! But that’s a great idea!

[@mzaffar111]

What is the role of soil type in selecting a rootstock/plant. Generally the high density apple plantation is cultivated on loamy soil . Can we experiment hdp on clay soil type found in rice cultivating areas? If yes which one of the available rootstock/plants you ll recommend. Watching your channel very intrestingly & thank you so much for bringing up very informative podcosts.

[@Orchardpeople]

I’m pleased you like my channel! Your questions are good ones and it’d be really important to discuss the matter of rootstock with somebody from your local department of agriculture. There are lots of root stocks that are good for planting and clay soil. Some of them will be the larger root stocks like semi dwarf or even Standard (full sized) trees because their roots are larger and more powerful and can push through harder soil more easily. M111 is also known to be very good for clay soil in terms of an apple rootstock. Hope that helps!

[@jeffreygardner6125]

Hi. Do you have any information about the depth to which the roots of the B9 or B10 rootstock can reach? I have a 40-inch water table with a well drained soil. I would like to get more information about the behavior of the roots. Thank you

[@Orchardpeople]

Sorry for the delay. This may help you! orchardpeople.com/apple-tree-rootstocks/

[@tulsiramdagur9580]

Good morning 🌅

[@Orchardpeople]

Hello!

[@tulsiramdagur9580]

@@Orchardpeople कैसे हो

[@combatveteran738]

What do you think about taking a cutting from your favorite tree and trying to root it? Would you get the same apple as the one you like and how hard would be to get the cutting to root

[@Orchardpeople]

Yes you would get the same apple! Nurseries don’t do this as it’s not as fast and reliable as grafting but why not try? Only down side is you will miss out on the benefits of a well chosen root stick (ie disease resistance, tree size etc)

[@combatveteran738]

@@Orchardpeople good point about the root stock 😎🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸

[@tulsiramdagur9580]

ब्लू बेरी प्लांट्स की जानकारी चाहिए।

[@kumarraj5723]

can we use water apple as root stock for grafting apple scion?

[@Orchardpeople]

Water apples (Syzygium species) and apple trees (Malus domestica) are different species, so they aren’t compatible for grafting. For successful grafting, it’s best to use apple rootstock with apple scions. Stick to the same genus to ensure compatibility and healthy growth.

[@DinorwicSongwriter]

What is the best root stock for honeycrisp planted in heavy clay with temp to -40, northwest ontario, near dryden. I plan to plant 3 varieties, 100 trees total. What two kinds of apples would be best with applecrislp? I also want 20 romeo cherry trees, 20 juliet & 20 of another type of cherry but I cant decide. Any suggestions? And I want to plant hazelnuts.

[@Orchardpeople]

Sounds like fun plans! If you want easier growing trees don’t go for honeycrisp as they are challenging even for professionals. Read my book Grow Fruit Trees Fast for more about that. Rootstock choice will also depend on tree size you want snd local diseases. My book will help with that too!

[@DinorwicSongwriter]

@@Orchardpeople thank you

[@christinebottaro9017]

Is is even possible to get rid of fireblight from a tree that has signs of infection? If so, how?

[@Orchardpeople]

Yes! Sterilize your pruners. Clip off the infected branch and put in a garbage bag and remove it from the site. Then sterilize pruners again so you don’t spread the pathogen elsewhere…

[@limenzest]

in mild situations yes, but if it has become systemic even chemical treatments wont help

[@Orchardpeople]

@@limenzest Absolutely! Good point!

[@erwinbrubacker7488]

Hello, 😂