Oxidation of Alcohols Reflux vs Distillation

[@judepope6196]

This has been EXTREMELY useful to enhance my understanding. Hats down.

[@MaChemGuy]

Really great to hear. Thanks for getting in touch :)

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This channel is an absolute life saver. The only reason I’m going to get a decent grade in my exams

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Impressive, comprehensive and detailed video. These teaching and learning resources will greatly benefit both teachers and students alike.

[@MaChemGuy]

chelizicheesecake Very kind of you to say so. Thanks 🙏🏻

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I don't normally comment on any chemistry videos, but this one, by far has to be the best organic vid explanation I've ever seen!!

[@sayefrahman6152]

absolutely fantastic video. My school does not have the equipment to carry out this experiment but everything makes more sense now. Keep the videos coming!

[@AdityaCasio]

Thanks, this helped me to understand the difference between reflux and distillation!!

[@ruthkeane5471]

fantastic video- this makes so much more sense now- thanks!!

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[@MaChemGuy]

That's the plan. Glad you like them :)

[@macbookpro8014]

Could you please do back titration examples as I don't fully understand it yet? Thank you very much!

[@fathias9606]

Thank you for helping my understand the difference between reflux and distallation

[@assemubigaliyeva5872]

Hi, omg a huge thanks to you! You eased the whole concept of reflux and distillation processes for me.

[@MaChemGuy]

Acee Glob Great to hear. Very happy to help

[@assemubigaliyeva5872]

@@MaChemGuy hi again, wow I had a mock today and I got a question based on reflux, couldn't be more grateful, thanks!

[@MaChemGuy]

Acee Glob You just made my night. Thanks!!

[@juanthomasmendozaguidera8176]

omg my teacher tried to explain this in class and we even carried out the experiment but it was shit. Thanks a lot for this video now I understand everything much better...

[@MaChemGuy]

Juan Thomas Mendoza Guidera Glad you liked it. To be fair to your teacher, it was just me doing the experiment:)

[@MaChemGuy]

Juan Thomas Mendoza Guidera Glad you liked it. To be fair to your teacher, it was just me doing the experiment:)

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I have a huge test tomorrow on redox, energetics and organics and this helped me so much!

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these videos are so good . i. cant. even.

[@MaChemGuy]

Finish the sentence??? :)

[@jamesretreat]

"I can't even" = "I'm speechless". Internet slang sir :)

[@MaChemGuy]

+Pnuema Morosa Haha! My daughter is rolling her eyes at me :)

[@michellethompson7539]

I have to do this practical with my class. Which alcohol did you use for the oxidation? I'm guessing not ethanol as the ethanal boils at 20C. I was wondering what you used - propan-1-ol? Thanks

[@varsharavi5602]

Brilliant teacher! Thank you very much!

[@MaChemGuy]

Varsha Ravi That's very kind of you to say so. You're welcome :)

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I'm hoping that's a good thing!

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i love this explanation and visualisation soooooo much. thank you :)))))

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The best chemistry resource out there!

[@atharvpundpal8534]

Hello. I would like to oxidise ethanol to obtain ethanal. I am able to set up the condenser. Could you please tell me the concentrations of the alcohol, the oxidising agent, and the acid you used to acidify the oxidising agent in order to obtain the aldehyde?

[@charlotteclarke2301]

So, when you oxidise a primary alcohol with [O] under reflux, you produce an aldehyde, and oxidising this aldehyde in a distillation position produces a carboxylic acid? But if we oxidise a primary alcohol under just reflux we produce an aldehyde and if we oxidise a primary alcohol under distillation we still get an aldehyde, so for a primary alcohol we must reflux and distillate to form carboxylic acid, and in secondary alcohols we can either reflux or carry out distillation because we will always form a ketone? (Sorry, just making sure I understood correctly :) )

[@MaChemGuy]

You’ve got it the wrong way around for primary. Reflux gives the aldehyde then the carboxylic acid Distillation only gives the aldehyde

[@peterkebangeu8451]

Thnk you best till now very clear and calm i like that thnk you

[@barelyhuman8391]

Sorry for my stupid question in advance but I am very new to all this and would like to be as safe as possible before trying anything my question being would it be safer to use a electric heating mantle or hot plate to heat the solvent in place of the open flame ? No disrespect intended just making sure before hand thanks in advance

[@MaChemGuy]

barely human Definitely, it’s just we only have one of each

[@barelyhuman8391]

Ok thanks for responding so quickly I'm trying to get all my safety stuff down to make my family worry less about Me accidently blowing something up or what not again thanks and I'll watch more of you're vids when I get a chance ✌

[@na-chan163]

I'm curious. Dichromate oxidizes primary alcohol all the way to carboxylic acid, right? how then can we get aldehyde from the process?

[@MaChemGuy]

It's a stepwise process. Aldehyde produced first so if removed from reaction vessel it can be isolated. This is achieved by using distillation rather than reflux.

[@gatshi4]

During the distillation process, why it is more efficient for the water to go from the bottom to the top? isn't it is just the same?

[@MaChemGuy]

If you fill from bottom you’re filling under gravity and the condenser will fully fill with water. If fill from top it doesn’t as you get air bubbles

[@spacexfanatic9155]

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[@R1U2T3H4I5E6]

and is water only produced in the first oxidation of primary alcohols?

[@IBoudiaf]

Yes, for Primary alcohols(1°) water is only produce in the first oxidation For 2° alcohols water is also produced I know this a 3yr late reply but for the future people who need clarification, there you go

[@archjanasivasuthan6252]

Hi sir. Thank you for this video. If water is formed as well when we react the oxidising agent with he alcohol, why isn't it condensed out first? Thank you.

[@pamelabai2097]

I was just wondering when you are heating by reflux, how do you know if the reaction has gone to completion or how do you know how much of the carboxylic acid is present?

[@drbravo5072]

Chemists monitor reactions by doing a TLC (thin layer chromatography). You learn this in year 2. You will also use TLC to analyse the purity of aspirin (if you this experiment in you college).

[@xOxAdnanxOx]

how can I tell when all the reactant has reacted in reflux rxn method? Thank you

[@MaChemGuy]

You'd have to analyse the contents of the flask (IR/NMR/Chromatography) to determine what is present. There is no visible sign I'm afraid

[@xOxAdnanxOx]

MaChemGuy haha thanks a lot, actually u made me excited about IR, NMR!

[@jonross377]

Could this method be used to get formaldehyde from methanol?

[@julst129]

How can I determine when the reaction has fully finished?

[@MaChemGuy]

julst129 Suppose you could take a sample from the flask and run an IR spectrum to check all the alcohol has gone.

[@julst129]

@@MaChemGuy that could be effective thanks. How about measuring the rate of the reaction whilst completing the experiment? Could I determine this by measuring the time taken for the experiment to reach a certain amount of product formed?

[@mohfa1806]

Thank you sir for your great educational videos...i have a question please : in both techniques why aldehydes are the only ones that are evaporating ? , why alcohols are not evaporating also under heat?...thank you again

[@oswin4715]

Is this a Pag for Ocr A??

[@karanjotsahota2067]

Thank you very much, I really appreciate this helpful video as I am going to carry this practical out soon :D

[@Laura-wp6eh]

How would you be able to get pure carboxylic acid out of the reaction mixture with the dichromate ions? Would you be able to use a separating funnel, recrystallisation or something? Thanks so much for all of these videos, I'm sure they will be used by chemistry students for generations. :D

[@TheFrazerboy]

why do you have to heat gently when distilling if the vapor produced is immediately distilled and collected forming an formaldehyde?

[@PaulSt-Germain-c7u]

Nice video, great explanation. Can I use same system (distillation) for oxidation of methanol to methanal?

[@R1U2T3H4I5E6]

is it called oxidation because the alcohols lose electrons or because they gain oxygen?

[@Wanted4PwnRS]

Remember OIL RIG, Oxidation Is Loss (of electrons) Reduction Is Gain (of electrons). So the alcohols lose electrons.

[@lukeb6341]

Why is it better that the cool water moves up the condenser in the distillation set up?

[@MaChemGuy]

Luke B It doesn’t fill fully up if water enters from the top. Often get air pockets

[@MSJChem]

Nice video, thanks.

[@saadpatel2734]

Use water bath,...they are flammable and could cause fire on a naked flame

[@spacexfanatic9155]

amazing

[@jhyland87]

Great video!

[@mikamalach2510]

The explanation of distillation and reflux is very well done but what about safety? Like no gloves, no lab coat, open fire while working with highly volatile substance with a low flash point, no boiling chips, no fume hood (I mean, the vapors can be irritating)... I know that no vapor should be able to escape out of the system but still one never knows as the procedures can never be 100% perfect. This is just not OK...

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[@fearlessbaek1583]

Omg I always thought [o] was oxygen so was confused how distillation got oxygen to react

[@FullModernAlchemist]

The oxygen cones from the orange potassium dichromate. chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Alcohols/Reactivity_of_Alcohols/The_Oxidation_of_Alcohols

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