Participles in Latin

[@yamiegg394]

I have my Latin Language GCSE tomorrow, and this has been more helpful than anything my teacher has taught us for two years.

[@neeldatta3170]

Yamiegg realest comment ever

[@msbrownie8248]

How was it?

[@lambgirl3609]

mine’s on monday and it’s safe to say i’m absolutely screwed

[@minihwas]

I just started A-level and never understood participles at GCSE but this video has saved me lol

[@jonitagonsalves9177]

Which Latin grammar book do ur school follows

[@Croopskate]

Making all participles intelligible within 10 minutes... Amazing! Thank you for this extremely well structured and helpful explanation. Edit: Melling spistake

[@wooperfloss]

My high school latin teacher used to abbreviate the participles. She was so confused as to why we thought the future active participle was so funny.

[@maddyt3137]

SAME

[@heatherperleberg7816]

That really doesn't seem like a great way to abbreviate, funny or not. Did that cause confusion in any way?

[@brawlmania7544]

Sorry I don't get it. What?

[@ss-hc7tb]

@@brawlmania7544 ppp

[@anefariousgoose]

it gets abbreviated as F.A.P

[@angelikasolo9849]

Your voice is my favourite part about learning Latin ;) nobody gives me so many useful skills as you do. Greetings from Germany!

[@latintutorial]

+Angelica Solomiana :)

[@willferrous8677]

Carthago delenda est?

[@hartree.y]

Enim!

[@WillelmusAestus]

Rectissime dicis! =)

[@commentfreely5443]

exterminate!

[@georgios_5342]

Iam deletum ! Erat delendum in temporis imperii Romanorum !

[@Astrelynx]

Now I just feel stupid.

[@Alina-lw5mr]

You're a life saver! Tomorrow I write an important exam and now I think I've got this topic the first time in my life. Thankss

[@thehuman235]

Thanks for the videos. It helped me a lot to remember this subject.

[@blossomoasis]

i’m crying so much so much i have a test tomorow im a failure failure

[@Natetypebeat]

whats the stem of Nego, Negare?

[@ramachandrachemudupati2541]

☻/ This is bob. Copy and paste him so he can take over youtube. /▌ /\

[@barnbarn8178]

This channel saved my Latin grade, thanks a ton

[@AlbertCheng69]

For the example with "miles imperatori laudandus est", since there is an ablative of agent, should you put "ab" before "imperatori"? Also, you said dative there...

[@Sanguen666]

this is the BEST video on participles on SoyTube, well done!

[@zaraandrews600]

I am doing latin as part of my masters, and I have been so confused with the grammar. My teacher has barely addressed future participles so this is so great! This is really helpful. I will be watching more to get an even better understanding.

[@curtpiazza1688]

Wow...great lesson! You're hired....as the Dean of America's Latin Teachers!

[@franklinshouse8719]

Thanks for these videos! They are great!

[@pukvandepetteflet9085]

I needed this sooo much I am very grateful because I have to get my grade up to go to cambridge university! Thank you so much!

[@tsani-bn2bk]

Great video! I’m a little confused on the differences between the two forms of the present participles though, how would “laudans” and “laudantis” vary?

[@tsani-bn2bk]

Wait nevermind, I think that perhaps the -t(suffix) is only added for anything but nominative singular correct?

[@cartylaser2864]

@@tsani-bn2bk Pretty much, I think. Singular nominative - ns gets - nt- in its grammatical stem, being one of what I sometimes call something like "3rd declension micro-declensions". They can, in my view, be called micro-declensions, because they're within declensions and have predictable groupings like declensions. Perhaps the main examples are (singular nominative -> grammatical stem): - ns - > - nt- (such as in _mens_ mind) - rs - > - rt- (such as in _pars_ part) - ō - > - ōn- or - in- (such as in _religiō_ religion or _virgō_ virgin) - ōs - > - ōr- (such as in _ōs_ mouth) - ūs - > - ūr- (such as in _jūs_ right/law) - ās - > - āt- (such as in _potestās_ power) - īs - > - īt- (such as in _Quirīs_ Roman citizen (civil law and civil rights)) - or - > - ōr- (such as in _amor_ love) -is is the singular genitive suffix for 3rd declension.

[@TKILHA]

My Latin books have been basically worthless compared to this man who can explain perfectly all of latin in 3 min, you my friend are the Indian math teacher of latin

[@yourgrandma7745]

THANK YOU SO MUCH OMG!

[@TheInspired79]

Thank you so much :')

[@wilhelminawyatt2634]

I am SO happy to have found your channel! Exams are looming and I didn't seem to be able to wrap my head around the participles, gerunds and gerundives. This the most straightforward way I've ever seen it explained and it helps so much, thank you! I'm definitely going to check out the rest of your videos! Much love from Germany

[@th60of]

7:09: monitus, moniturus with a short i.

[@jcv71]

I cannot thank you enough for this tutorial and your other tutorials Your teaching techniques and methods are astonishing, the visuals, the animations, examples, help so much. You are really talented in teaching, a real pedagogus.

[@latintutorial]

Thanks!

[@brunomacedo8234]

Better explanation that I've never had seen. Highly didactic.

[@umerzia9659]

big Ws

[@umerzia9659]

ur clutch bro

[@mrman5066]

no one's gonna notice this cuz it's an old video, but it's such a shame how this channel isn't as popular as it should be

[@latintutorial]

I get a decent number of views per day, but I’d love more!

[@vivelarxvolution84]

is conatus sum then irrelevant? since its translated the same as conatus - and doesn't have a ppp because it is deponent. Is the sum perhaps just put there to show that it is deponent? . Your videos are super concise and easy to follow. they have helped me a lot in just one night, thank you!

[@amandajombikmackovic6824]

The funny thing is that I learn in Hungaryan, witch sucks because this is so much easier to understand then my own motherlanguage!

[@mustafaceren3861]

Perfectum itself is also a participle perfect passive from perficio meaning to finish, to accomplish from perfectus, a, um. so perfectum is masculine singular neutr form of participium perfectum passivum.

[@draxbrady1535]

Why have you done a better job than my high school Latin teacher?

[@katiescarboro248]

Wow, thanks! I didn't really understand this when my teacher was teaching this, but now I do!

[@latintutorial]

That's great!

[@georgios_5342]

Wait, so Amanda means "She who will be loved"?

[@leesonneville1817]

That's who Maroon 5 was singing about...

[@katherinejohnson2921]

Present is a PAP... I've been studying Latin for twelve years and never knew that. You just blew my mind.

[@katherinejohnson2921]

And future oh my gosh

[@katherinejohnson2921]

AND GERUNDIVE I CANT ITS TOO EARLY FOR THIS

[@edomeindertsma6669]

What about fifth conjugation verbs?

[@cartylaser2864]

Fifth conjugation? There may be 5 declensions, but there are only 4 conjugations, going by thematic vowel in present active infinitive / 2nd principle part. That's how it's usually classified, although a number of Roman authors, mostly pre-Late Latin period, sometimes said that they considered that there are just 3! (This is *my* current understanding of it.) However, the case could possibly be made for interpreting that there are 5 conjugations based on the fact that you have a significant number of 3rd conjugation verbs with 4th conjugation-style 1st principle parts - -iō instead of -ō - among perhaps some other similarities to 4th conjugation over 3rd conjugation.

[@monte55555]

Thanks bro helped a lot

[@dannyallen2894]

I have thanked you on your videos before, but truly thank you again! I am very happy and grateful to have basically stumbled upon your videos

[@Enoughdata]

English speakers: how are you able to use less words but be so descriptive? Romans: lol, just change your verbs to adjectives when you need to bruv.

[@ol708]

7:13 your welcome, I saved your time

[@auroraiucca7378]

Armie hammer is that you?

[@calaminthagrandiflora7065]

Draco dormiens numquam titilandus. Who knows what that means?

[@flashy2]

This has helped. Plz more

[@emma24ism]

Thank you so much, I love you😘

[@jessicap450]

It will be superb if "Difference between Gerund and Participle in Latin" can be explained...por favor por favor

[@tobylewis8109]

So you don’t say anything about passive active? The one thing I need help with?

[@edoardocortonesi8667]

scripturus sum librum quia, laudatus a magistro et videns hoc quod fas mihi tulit et donata res ut dii honorati sint, te duce et imperatore, cum omnia in caelo mirabili sunt, quod lux maxima et fortissima videtur, scribens res quae video et sentio in meo corde etsi amor vellim sed cupido non me audit, et absque amore vivo, dicere et narrare quomodo amare possem si amor mecum esset, liber mihi subvenit cum liber si librum scribo sim et omnia mihi et sicut volo esse possunt....

[@tenluvb0t]

these videos are literally the only reason im going to pass my final tomorrow with my useless professor so thank u for being amazing

[@WillelmusAestus]

Gratias tibi agimus, magister!

[@robertbuzzini]

Hopefully this helps on my test tomorrow

[@mmproductions99]

I’m in the same place

[@fabiolanunez2604]

can you help me with the Swahili language asap?

[@AlmRigg]

First of all, I'm in college taking Latin right now (for the first time in 5 years) and these videos are incredibly helpful. Secondly, is the narrator here also the voice for the the Bible Project videos??? I've been watching those videos all year for my daily bible study and I will be absolutely blown away if this is a random overlap that happens in my life.

[@latintutorial]

Thanks! This isn't the first time I've been mistaken for the Bible Project video guy, but that isn't me...

[@JD-yq1ht]

Send help

[@oscaremus6772]

Please help

[@latintutorial]

I have videos that address each participle, too, if you need more detail and explanation. present active: kzbin.info/www/bejne/l2bVl5WrYp2CfMU perfect passive: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nZPXiWSKh6apg68 future active: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qJi1nKCofLV5o9E future passive: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mmjahIijjJ6JoKM

[@oscaremus6772]

Thank gods, we need to make a sacrifice to the gods now

[@mjb14722]

This series is excellent. Please keep it up!

[@ebubekirunlu8828]

The video was so much fast, must be more slower quaeso, gratias tibi ago, salvete - :))

[@latintutorial]

In theory, it's meant to be a review video. For slower (gratias!) videos, check out the individual participle videos: Present Participles: kzbin.info/www/bejne/l2bVl5WrYp2CfMU Perfect Participles: kzbin.info/www/bejne/nZPXiWSKh6apg68 Future Participles: kzbin.info/www/bejne/qJi1nKCofLV5o9E Gerundives: kzbin.info/www/bejne/mmjahIijjJ6JoKM

[@googlewebsite5953]

You can slow the video down using the KZbin video playback speed settings, may help you understand what hes saying better.

[@ebubekirunlu8828]

Deus populum amat - :))

[@SeleneofAlexandria]

These videos are pure gold! I can't thank you enough!

[@cleitondecarvalho431]

in the theory, there are active past participles. sinc the deponent verbs has active meaning, their past passive participle works as active participle, so that Locutus, secutus, Conatus etc, are active past participles ! also there is classe of adjectives (formed by the -bilis suffix) which has quality of passive present participle, so, Amabilis, visibilis has can have this function (even in the russian language, when you want to say some like Amabilis, you use the passive present participle!)

[@cleitondecarvalho431]

since*

[@cleitondecarvalho431]

forgive me for some mistakes

[@carmelafurio1900]

Your videos are helping so much! I've decided to get a head up since I'm starting Latin in high school next year and just the books were confusing. Thank you so much!!

[@legaleagle46]

Just a couple of fun facts: The present participle survived into the Romance languages as a pure adjective; that is, it lost its verbal characteristic of being able to govern a noun. What replaced it in the Romance languages was an amalgamation of the gerundive and the gerund used in the ablative as an ablative of manner, and this form is what is used to form the progressive tenses in those Romance languages that have true progressive tenses (Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese). Also, the perfect passive participle gradually became active in meaning once the compound perfect tenses began developing in the Romance languages, especially when it came to transitive verbs.

[@TheZenytram]

My sister name is a reminant of the Gerundive that survived but just as a name, "Amanda"

[@simpleuniverse567]

excellent videos, I watch it on daily basis. thank you

[@danieloleary3448]

Salvete, cuncti vire! Thanks for clearing all this up; the explanations were very clear and in-depth. Great video!

[@charlenec.6166]

Salve! Thank you so much for the videos! Just a question: in previous parts of the video, you said that the present system using the 2nd participle part is used for present tense/imperfect/ future tense, then why is the future active participle using the 4th principle part? is it one of the irregular uses?

[@lvke3691]

no reason, they just ran out of ending that would make sense. Edit: Hope this helps 6 years later...

[@Samir-pd5hq]

Love your videos, thank you for all of your hard work. I wanted to ask if the present active participle ablative Ending is in fact “e” as you have at 2:32. Isn’t it “ ī “ ? Also, you have “landāns” but isn’t it “landans” ? In my understanding, there is a high degree of similarity in the case endings of present active participles, 3rd declension i-stem nouns, and 3rd declension one-ending adjectives. What are your thoughts on this?

[@latintutorial]

Technically, the vowel at the end of the present is long, even if some texts don't show it (laudāns, monēns). And the participle ablative singular ending is an -e always, unlike many different third declension adjectives (which end in an -ī).

[@Samir-pd5hq]

Thank you!! Keep up the good work!!

[@Humaniste]

Thank you so much you saved my life ♥

[@gabrielkailash]

Great videos.

[@ezratlas]

my barely 16 year old brain can’t comprehend, help. is there a perfect active participle or no?

[@legaleagle46]

No. There is no such thing as a Perfect Active Participle in Latin. Deponent verbs are translated as active because of the nature of deponent verbs in general, which is to be passive in form but active in meaning.

[@drexelmildraff7580]

Your videos are incredibly good and it's clear how much effort you put into them. There is, however, too much information in this video. It should be broken up into 2 videos, one for active and one for passive. More background information needs to be given and the conjugations need to be fleshed out more. I note that many of the comments praising this video say it was a great REVIEW of material that had already been taught elsewhere. I'm sure it is. As an initial introduction to the material, it is not as clear as it could be.

[@latintutorial]

Ah, so it would be good to let you know that I cover each of these participles individually in other videos. The present participle is at kzbin.info/www/bejne/l2bVl5WrYp2CfMU, the perfect participle is at kzbin.info/www/bejne/nZPXiWSKh6apg68, the future active at kzbin.info/www/bejne/qJi1nKCofLV5o9E, and the future passive (gerundive) is at kzbin.info/www/bejne/mmjahIijjJ6JoKM.

[@paulmacdonnell1889]

Shouldn't that be: miles imperatore laudandus est ? Isn't imperatori dative...?

[@latintutorial]

The gerundive takes a dative of agent. Only very rarely is the ablative of agent used, and then just when the dative would be confusing (e.g., dōnum mihi ā puellā dandum est, a gift must be given to me by the girl, the ablative is necessary because dandum takes a dative of indirect object, mihi).

[@paulmacdonnell1889]

Many thanks for taking the time to reply. I've neglected my Latin but now that you state the rule it comes back... regards

[@yadielnieves2894]

Why does it seem that the Romance Languages developed the gerundive from the Passive Future and not the Active Present?

[@legaleagle46]

They actually developed it from both the gerund and the gerundive as an original ablative of manner. The present participle survived into the Romance languages, but only as an adjective. It no longer has the ability to govern an object.Moreover, the Romance languages do not use the gerund as we use it in English or as it was used in Latin. They use the infinitive where English and Latin would use the gerund/gerundive.

[@jakequaza3567]

What about semi deponent verbs?

[@latintutorial]

It’s what you’d expect. The perfect participle has an active meaning.

[@lukeslater1867]

in dux militibus epellendus erit is epellendus erit must be praised

[@Iglaspis]

When the verb is deponent, the perfect participle is active? Why???

[@latintutorial]

Standard rule of deponents: look passive (locutus looks no different from a perfect passive participle), but with active meanings.

[@Iglaspis]

+latintutorial I though there was no perfect passive participle. Are the deponents the only exception?

[@legaleagle46]

There is no perfect ACTIVE participle. Deponents are the only exception, because by definition, they are passive in appearance but active in meaning.

[@IrisGalaxis]

De rebus miseris superbituri erimus.

[@LoriWolfcat]

“Participles are adjectives.” “Both are adjectives, because both describe the noun Dīdō, but only moritūra is a participle.” But you said earlier that participles are adjectives! Whaah?! Which is it? Are they or aren’t they adjectives??

[@latintutorial]

Not contradictory at all! Think of participles as a subset of adjectives. All participles are adjectives, but not all adjectives are participles.

[@burakerdem9758]

So can we use the active participles instead of active tenses for the present, perfect and future?

[@latintutorial]

The present active is never used in place of a verb, so "Marcus sedens est" is entirely WRONG. But the perfect active participle with est is in fact the perfect tense for deponent verbs: "Marcus locutus est" is "Marcus has spoken". And the future active participle with est is commonly used for the future tense: "Marcus esurus est" is "Marcus is going to eat". So kind of, but be wary of the present active participle.

[@legaleagle46]

@@latintutorial Putting it another way, the progressive tenses ("Marcus is sitting." "Marcus was reading." "Marcus will be sleeping when you arrive at his house.") do not exist in Latin. Those are constructions that came about centuries later as Vulgar Latin evolved into the various Romance languages (except for French and Romanian, which do not have progressive tenses in the same sense that English, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese do).

[@jackwright2495]

For shame! You were pronouncing Dido in the Latin sentences as if it were English, you heathen!

[@latintutorial]

+Jack Wright Was I? Yikes.

[@shawnthesheep2369]

hi

[@scypus8691]

mr. taylor wya

[@MrAxmea]

SPOILER ALERT!

[@pascallaw5909]

7:23 facio sounds like... ok that's not the point.

[@NoiseGrinder]

Why is Latin such an incredibly complicated langauge ? Perhaps this is why it became a dead language and people dropped it as common speaking language ?

[@latintutorial]

Oh, it's actually not incredibly complicated. The presentation of it may make it seem complicated, but little Roman (and non-Roman) children were speaking Latin pretty fluently when they were just 6 or 7 years old. Modern, formal English is pretty complicated - I'd argue more complicated than Latin, actually, because of its preference for irregular forms - but we won't see it die out any time soon. Latin evolved, just like all languages do, into French, Spanish, Italian, etc. If it's the concept of cases that makes you think Latin is complicated, many modern languages (German, Russian) have cases and are doing just fine. If it's tenses, English tenses are actually more complicated. If it's word order, more languages have the same word order as Latin (Subject-Object-Verb) than the word order of English (Subject-Verb-Object).

[@evankilby7635]

latintutorial it is a complicated language. having to learn multiple declensions, cases, and all other sorts of things we don't have in English too stressful! we have only one word for one meaning. if we as CIVIL human being that know a non complicated language want to say we praise we shouldn't have to say laudamus! its too much to take in and our school society is too stupid to realize that we don't have to learn only Latin, French, or Spanish (in most states these are the only option you can choose from). All languages help you better understand English and make you a better English speaker. However when you have multiple ways to say one word then everything gets confusing and overwhelming.

[@swfancas]

Do you know why it became a dead language?

[@latintutorial]

It didn't die, it just changed as all languages do into its modern forms of Spanish, Italian, French, Romanian, etc.

[@danteminutillo]

+ROBERT BRYSON However that's the Imperfect tense (what you were showing in the Latin), so in the English it would be We sing we were singing, / we give we were giving/ we drink, we were drinking/, etc. so also regular. Although I agree that in some ways Latin is more regular than English in this case they're both about the same. If we used the perfect tense we would get canimus, cecinimus/ damus, dēdimus/bibimus, bibimus,/ mittimus mīsimus, really just as irregular as English. (Not that I have anything against Latin, I love Latin)

[@equisde8026]

how can you possibly say present, perfect and future for participles??? it's so horribly false! it's perfect, imperfect and instant!!! (perfectum, imperfectum, instans) You are confusing people!!!! participles don't have tenses, they have time relations!!! also, why don't you use Latin grammatical expressions, Latin and English grammar are different in so many ways, why don't you say participium, perfectum etc....??

[@southvillechris]

Presumably because every Latin textbook for students uses these same terms. I came here because I wanted to understand what a "future passive participle" meant in practice. If this video had only used Latin terms, which aren't found in student textbooks, I'd never have found this video.

[@equisde8026]

listen, I'm a Latin student in Hungary and I have to say, the Hungarian system is so much mire logical...

[@southvillechris]

Spelling Mitsake They may well be more logical, but I needed to understand what a future passive participle was, and that search time found this very useful video. If I'd searched for it in Latin, I wouldn't have found it. You're clearly a Latin scholar, and so don't really have any need for a beginner's video like this, but for a learner like me it's very useful. If I knew what that Latin term for "future passive participle" was, I probably wouldn't need this video either. But I don't, and I did!

[@samirn8012]

You haven't said what makes using perfectum, imperfectum, and instans more logical than perfect, imperfect, and present. How are people confused? Participles, gerunds, gerundives are pretty common in many languages like French, Spanish, English. It is pretty straightforward to designate a participle with time (past, perfect, imperfect) as well as its voice (active or passive) in order to characterize its nature (you can also tag on progressive, continuous, etc.). I get that you are saying its illogical and confusing, but you have not given us a reason to believe you in any way...

[@samirn8012]

@Ádám Arany