Philip II - 02 | The Kingdom United

At the end of 359BCE Macedonia was only just saved from annihilation. Now see how in a mere couple years Philip secures his borders and unifies his kingdom as never before seen.
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Credit for music:
/ charlatanalley
Tune in next time for the War of Amphipolis!

[@armandovaiandando6472]

So, in the end, all that matters is the size of your spear.

[@Ups_downs_life_funny]

Size matters

[@RobertReg1]

The bigger the lizarder...

[@gradskiselanec4796]

Yes size matters but you have to keep erect, that way Aleksandar soldiers was stronger, you can have big ,,spear “ with soft erection you will lose game ha,ha,ha.

[@kanyekubrick5391]

Yeah? Let me introduce you to my *gladius*

[@geordiejones5618]

The stories of Phillip, Alexander, the Diadocci and Pyhrrus are just as compelling as those of the late Republic and early Principate of Rome, if not more so. Truly believe Phillip's reforms and actions would have allowed Alexander to conquer most if not all of the Mediterranean basin, assuming he lived to around 65. I'll never understand why the young king didn't return to Macedonia to recruit fresh troops and give his vets a chance to see home again.

[@rccrforeverfrrdfortuneshav9823]

Imagine if he had done that…

[@nikoarcher1243]

So glad you were a part of operation Odysseus!!! So glad to finally find such a talented in depth observation of Phillip the second!!!

[@J5460-r8z]

Best doc video about Philip on youtube

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Something tells me that you might be a fan of Philip II

[@jsoth2675]

3 yrs on, still fantastic!

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Can’t believe it’s been so long ago

[@panayiotisyannopoulos2668]

Hoplon in Greek means weapon. Strangely enough not the spear but the shield was called weapon. I will explain this. Also armor was called “panoplia”. Meaning with a lot weapons in a way. Now why shield or armor to have the meaning of weapon. To understand this, you need to know how phalanx works. It’s power is on keeping formation and on the time of impact to push the enemy to break his formation, loose his cohesion and not be able to fight effective. At the hike of impact they were pushing 4 men each one the person in front of them with their shield. Same time the spears 2 rows were holding up and 2 were holding low, at impact were trying to spear enemy from both directions. Again the point is to break enemy formation. if 4 men push with their weight one person they will win no matter who is against them. That was their success, that’s how it’s explained their success. Last, by above you see why shield was called “hoplon” aka weapon, because that was really causing to win and you see why was that shape , to not dent from weight. Now using them as boats.. no, come on. They can’t hold a man’s with armor also weight.... the curve was to support the weigh when pushing the enemy front lines to fall on the lines behind them. Used to carry dead? That was not their use. That has a quality meaning. The saying was come back with the weapon (shield) or on your weapon. Meaning to not betray his country throwing his shield and running for his life. When a soldier was returned on his shield meant he kept his honor even if dead, not lost his shield and found dead. Also by above it is explained to be able to fight effectively phalanx was not “untrained peasants” as said. They were citizens of the country, trained at phalanx formation and at gyms, but not a professional army. Meaning at times they had to stop hostilities and get back to works etc. the less trained peasant let’s say units were called “psiloi”. They were light units made to harsh enemy with javelins and not made to fight head to head enemies, since untrained to combat formations. In reality these “psiloi” units were made from the known as slaves of the era. This is strange to today understanding because we tend to imagine slaves as the slavery we learned in modern times how cruel was. In reality in Ancient Greece the slaves were the lower status, under citizen and was the people that today are working for their daily needs and if loosing one paycheck they have problem. They were same ethnicity with rest but were heavily economically dependable. Anyway above explains how in reality we see forces with 5 times more “psiloi” than “plananx” going to war against enemies and still not fear them betray the country.

[@hermespsychopompos4615]

Admittedly, the protective measures being called Hoplon back then confused me as well since we today use the word generally as "weapon/gun". But we use the word "Panhoplia" ( Panoply ) as well with the same meaning it had back then. Anyway, I hope you are correct with your explanation.

[@panayiotisyannopoulos2668]

@@hermespsychopompos4615many times we have the answers in front of us and we fail to see them unless explained and then make so much sense. When in doubt in Greek language you can trace the meaning in the synthetics of the word. In synthesis always prevails the ancient root not modern words. Example: we say “nero” meaning water , Byzantine Greeks works deriving from shortening an expression about “nearon ydor” meaning fresh water. Nero is the “fresh” Yet in synthesis we see only the ancient roots of the word, “ydraylikos” plumper , synthesis of words water and pipe etc. Ypobryxio meaning submarine and we find in Homer Iliad a reference for the “bryxia ydata” meaning in a way dark with depth waters. Alexiptoto (parachute) , alexikerauno (lightning rob) and Alexander (name) , Alex meaning protector as 1st synthetic and second part by same order ptosi = falling down, keraunos = thunder, andras = men, so you get. The protector of falling, of thunders, of men.

[@panayiotisyannopoulos2668]

@@hermespsychopompos4615 one of my personal favourites is this: Decoration, cosmos, jewellery Diacosmos, cosmos, cosmima The same root gives the meaning that decorating your house for example is making it in harmony with cosmos around you. Jewellery means to decorate yourself in harmony with cosmos too, not expensive or whatever else. You can see in these words how derives the meaning of been in harmony , or to everything a measure should apply , or the golden rule and other many ideas how they are intertwined with our language words

[@McMonkeyful]

I have to query something in your video. You describe the Sarrisa wielding infantry as Hypaspists. I believe this is incorrect. The men armed with Sarissas were the Phalangites (Phalanx) or Pezhetairoi (Foot Companions). The Hypaspists (Shield Bearers) were armed with a larger Hoplon type (instead of the Phalangites smaller buckler type called the Pelta or Telamon) shield and a sword (either a curved Kopis or straight Xiphos). Their job was to protect the vulnerable flanks of the Phalanx and carry out tasks that required mobility, such as flanking the enemy or storming fortifications. I really like your videos. The one explaining Upper and Lower Macedonia and their neighbours was particularly helpful.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Thanks for that. Well you are right, the people holding the spears in a Phalanx are called Phalangites but that’s a general term for a member of a phalanx, not necessarily one holding a Sarissa. As for the Pez Hetaroi and Hypaspists that is true for later during Alexander’s campaign. Alexander changed the names off these two infantry units as a ploy to attract new local and foreign troops by equating them to his personal group of companions. Sort of like an “Uncle Sam needs YOU!” propaganda ploy. So at this time, Philip had the names in the way I said them but the PezHetario had the role that you said of the Hypaspists and vice versa.

[@McMonkeyful]

Thanks for the explanation. I find that with a lot of things surrounding Philip II, if you read six sources you will get six different interpretations. That is an issue with the source evidence the authors have available which itself is limited and based on earlier historians own interpretation and biases. I thought I had this aspect all worked out, but it appears it may be more complex. I'll go back to my sources and re-evaluate.

[@konstantinostzivinikos8224]

Υou have many mistakes in your videos

[@samwolfenstein5239]

i just gotta stop and say this is some really good shit man. ive always been really interested in this time period but never really had the resources to study it other than dry wikipedia articles, so thanks

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Sam Wolfenstein Thanks man. I am aiming for content like a high quality Wikipedia article: good sources, quality detail and easy to understand.

[@iwilltrytotry]

excellent content, my man. love it.

[@SpazzMaticus87]

I'm really enjoying this series, keep it up! I was struck by the detailed description of Phillip's battle with the Illyrians; which ancient source(s) are chiefly used for studying Phillip's reign?

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Well my main sources are the two books on Philip II and the Macedonian empire by Ian Worthington ("Philip II of Macedon" and "By the Spear"). As far as I know he is the go to guy for Philip II as a modern historian, and his books reference each detail with an exact source so it's not hard to find the exact evidence he uses. However as for the ancient source? Well he likely uses Diodorus version of the Battle of Erigon Valley (the name of the battle), since he is the only one of two sources (the other being Frontinus) who claims Bardylis used a hollow rectangular formation. I trust Prof. Worthington and he used the exact description for this battle in all retelling so I therefore assumed it was true. If you do however want to see the other version, that being Frontinus' version, then check out BazBattle's video. They have some great production value but they tend to "Wikipedia that" with their information. But still a great video. Sorry for the spiel

[@SpazzMaticus87]

Thanks so much and no worries, I love a good spiel when it comes to sources! I'll be looking to pick up Worthington's book and look into Diodorus and Frontinus as well - I have some beef with Diodorus from my bit of time studying Carthage but with ancient sources you have to work with what you've got haha

[@TTYounga]

i literally just watched the baz battles one too, thank you for posting your references, it's great for comparisons.

[@janelledeverell399]

Your videos are very informative and helpful in understanding the topic. I hope you don't mind, but I've directed my HSC students to watch your videos, they're so good. I wish you had been able to complete more of them. :)

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Not a problem, all the more reason for me to finish them!

[@bigozimak]

I've taken my modern blinkers off and I am really enjoying your insights into Ancient Macedonia etc. I encourage you to continue because you have a certain entertaining style. Everyone knows about Alexander but you have shown that his father Philip was also, Great.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Yeah I do plan to continue, I’ve actually had a video in the works for a couple months but have been just unable to complete it. Life threw me a real curve ball since my last video so it was hard to get it done, but I plan to start up again pretty soon. Hopefully the wait is worth it since I think it’s a bit higher quality than my other videos.

[@athanasiosbairlis5563]

For ANY help, I am at your disposal. ( thanasis from Pella, tour-guide/manager of tourtripgreece.gr )

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Athanasios Bairlis Thanks, contact me on my email, I’d love to hear about those tours. [e-mail]

[@hagrid1123]

2:51 lol nice civ reference

[@benbellusci4413]

dude, these are awesome. rock on

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Thanks Ben, although I think this is my worst video

[@benbellusci4413]

@@ArchaiaHistoriaWell, even if that is the case, I'm enjoying the series as a whole! Between Phillip and Alexander, I think Phillip is the more interesting figure of the two, as he is a general of the same caliber as Alexander combined with the military reform genius of Marius (IMO even to a larger degree, Marius's reforms were huge but largely organizational as opposed to Phillip's top-to-bottom rework of the Macedonian military besides the cavalry) and the diplomatic-strategic genius of someone like Scipio Africanus. Your videos have a very Historia Civilis-esque vibe to them, I enjoyed them thoroughly and am looking forward to your future stuff!

[@MojoBonzo]

@7:51 sting appears "i dream of rain ilai ilai"

[@kaiokendo]

0:00 WOAH

[@X02switchblades]

well executed!

[@erik-7255]

All hail Philipp!

[@theblackjack9924]

you got shield bearers and foot companions mixed up

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Actually the change occurs during Alexander’s reign. Philip originally had them the way I described.

[@jamaicanewshub9582]

Always thought that a batt forms into a regiment and not the reverse

[@feldspaarr]

So you’re telling me, that size does matter?

[@AshantChalasani]

Too good!!

[@vanivanov9571]

5:28 Something to note, is that later on the hypaspists became the title of traditional hoplites who fought on the flanks, and they were the most elite infantry. The general phalangites became pezhetairoi. I'm also not so sure about a spear-headed, wedge like formation from the Thebans. They were known to use oblique order, at least in their victory against the Spartans, but I hadn't understood this to be a common tactic.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

The hypaspists and the pezhetairoi were switched only in the time of Alexander. Originally the Pezhetairoi were the elite units. As for the spearhead formation, you’re mistaking infantry formations with battle formations. The oblique line was how each phalanx was laid out, not that the lines of the phalangites were set on an oblique line themselves. The spearhead meanwhile was an infantry position to cover the flanks of the phalanx.

[@vanivanov9571]

@@ArchaiaHistoria A battle formation and not an infantry formation? I'm afraid the explanation is a little hard to parse, there. I take it there are good sources to establish spearhead-formations on the flanks? Fair enough about Alexander changing the titles of the pezhetairoi, I had completely forgotten about that. I'll edit the post.

[@izukawa8575]

I once took a taxi in Chicago. When I asked the guy where he was from, he said: "well, it is a small country. You probably never hear of it...Macedonia". And I said "Of course I know Macedonia. Land of Philip and Alexander! ". The driver was shocked that I knew about them and got very emotional! It was so sweet

[@georgios3113]

Sad though that you have nothing to do with Philip and Alexander, cause you’re not Macedonian, you are West Bulgarian.

[@allstarlord9110]

Cringe

[@iordanistzivas4902]

Probably he was Albanian or Turk or Bulgarian. There is no country called Makedonia, Makedonia is a province in Greece. He would have said that he is Greek and not Bananonian 🍌

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

@@georgios3113 IN MAKEDONIJA --- MACEDONIANS. ..... c'ao.

[@Orphydian]

So in Macedon bigamy was accepted back teen ?

[@tylerdurden3722]

I think you're confusing the Hypaspists with the Pezhetairoi. The Pezhetairoi are the typical Macedonian phalangites. The guys with the very long spears, light armor and smaller shield. This was the core of the Macedonian infantry that made up most of the infantry line. The Hypaspists were more mobile troops tasked with protecting the flanks of the Pezhetairoi. As well as acting as a link between the cavalry and infantry. 3000 Hypaspists on each flank. The the exact equipment of the Hypaspists are not established but what is established, is that they were the elite infantry of the army. Also that their equipment accomadated mobility...and might even have been differt for different situations. They were also used as special forces in all sorts of circumstances that required mobility, stamina, skill, discipline or the ability to fight in uneven terrain. E.g. scaling the walls of a city, fighting in mountainous terrain, amphibious landings, night missions, concealed flanking maneuvers, etc. In the Battle of Chaeronea, Phillip used them on the right flank to tire out the Athenians and draw them out of position by moving backwards in a organised fashion...such that the Athenians thought they were pushing back the Macedonians. Phillip also specifically chose the lightest armored individuals to make up this special force. (For endurance purposes...and probably also to deceive the Athenians into thinking these were lesser forces due to wearing less, and even no armor.) These light armored, mobile Macedonian infantry created an opening, that result in Alexander exploiting that opening. These Hypaspists, the elite of the elite, were mostly likely equiped the same as, or very similar to Hoplites. The Pezhetairoi's main weapon was it's ability to quickly march to locations and surprise Phillip's opponents. This was made possible by wearing light armor and a lighter shield. The ability to wear light armor and shields was made possible by he much longer spear (pike). This rapid marching speed was Phillip greatest strategical weapon. The long pikes also required less individual skill. Though at the same time, a talented individual's skill would be wasted. Hence why the Hypaspists existed. It would have been a waste to make skilled individuals, Pezhetairoi. So they were made Hypaspists. The regular Macedonian Phalanx was most likely not superior to the Hoplite Phalanx. There are several battles where the professional Pezhetairoi struggle against mere militia Hoplites. What made the Macedonian army formidable, was the many different types of units (each usually from a nation that specialized in that type of units) working together. Phillip assembled a dream-team using the many different types of soldiers from neighboring states and Macedonia itself. The true weapon of the Pezhetairoi, was their ability to march very fast. (The core of infantry tend to be heavy infantry, who tend to be the slowest in the army...Phillip changed that.) Their second weapon was that it was cheaper to equip them. The third was that the formation required even less individual skill than the Hoplite Phalanx. Whiile the elite infantry of the Macedonian army, the Hypaspists, were equiped in a fashion closer to Hoplites. The Macedonian army, just like most of Greece at that time relied heavily on Peltasts and variations of infantry derived from Peltasts. This is due to the reforms and influence of the Athenian general, Iphicrates. (Who also had a massive influence on Phillip's reforms). Iphicrates was influenced by Tracians and Scythians employed as body guards and sometimes city guards in southern Greek city states...and he won acclaim after defeating a Spartan contingent with light armored and mobile Peltasts-like troops. Iphicrates was the first to make spears longer, armor lighter and shields smaller. Phillip took that to a new level.😅

[@speggeri90]

I doubt the Greeks would hold a spear over arm.. try it yourself, it's really exhausting.

[@aperson1139]

I thought the pezhatairoi were the Sarrisa wielding infantry. The hypaspist were the shield bearers who were veterans from the pezhatairoi equipped like a classical greek hoplite and were more maneuverable, they were considered a higher level and they fought on the flanks which was considered an honor and also did the unusual tasks.

[@snakeguy8646]

Alexander changed the names, a political move and a morale move, basically to make his men feel more important like "You are all my Foot Companions!"

[@dream56678]

I think you confused the shield bearers to the foot companions. Shield bearers were lightly armored and carried weapons similar to the hoplites

[@itarry4]

Alexander swapped them around in Philips time they were as he said. I know confusing and I've no idea why Alexander did it but I guess when you're the great you can do what you want and if anyone argues they better bring a bloody big army... 🤔 😉

[@KosovanWarrior1]

RIP to serbs who came here in Balkan about 1000 years ago.

[@J5460-r8z]

Philip did not allow wagons or carts.

[@Huckleberry00]

Aristotle 's father Nicomachos was not only the personal physician to, but more-so a PERSONAL FRIEND of King Amyntas III (a quasi-1/2 cent. PRE-King Phillip; 393-369 BC) --- WHEREIN THE ONLY LANGUAGE SPOKEN THRUOUT WAS A COMMON 'HELLENIC' (i.e.: GREEK); ...BE IT DORIAN, AEOLIAN, IONIAN ELSE ACHAEAN IN VERNACULAR --- hence it 's no surprise King Phillip opted for Aristotle, himself from the vicinity of Macedon, to tutor his 1st-born; + it 's not unusual how famous playwright Euripides (also writing SOLELY in 'Hellenic') would unreservedly relocate there (to the then-king 's court IN Macedon) a quasi-cent. pre-Phillip --- seeing as their 's was an overall patently-reciprocal, if not outright complimentary, heritage (i.e.: thruout ancient Hellas)! Indeed, Demosthenes himself 'd been 'accommodated' (in King Phillip 's court) alongside other Athenian emissaries 'afore LASHING OUT (at the King) once back in Athens; ...exactly the way ANY sharp lawyer denigrates (to put it mildly) his subject in the eyes of a judge (or 'assembly'); i.e.: by casting ambitious aspersions on Macedon 's Hellenicity vis-a-vis that of the Athenian 'overlords' present; ...a 'ploy' he 'd 've likely effected on ANY fellow-Hellenic 'regiona'l competitor at issue! Indeed, his own Athenian peer, Aeschines, had showed Demosthenes up for having misled then 'lone-wolf' Athens into 'civil' war (from a modern perspective) over (ostensibly) regional business interests; alongside Thebes! Howbeit --- and more importantly --- no 'true' Hellene /Greek of (then)-Athens would 've SINCERELY entertained ANY 'elitist' orator 's anti-Phillip, ad-hoc + politically-'posited' notion of a 'non'-Hellenic populace in Macedon!

[@billkaroumbalis2310]

I thought ILAI were called ILH in the Ionian dialect and in ancient Dorian the Macedonians spoke ,ILA.in place of Ita had the Alpha.in today’s Greece the ILH is alive at well.an ILH of Tanks is mad3 up o& six or seven tanks and four of them the Epilarchia. The commander is the Ilarchos and four of the Epilarchias make up a Phalanx(φαλαγξ) or a division in English.the language and 5he people are alive and well.only horces have been traded for tanks.

[@MCorpReview]

Is paeonia in southern Yugoslavia?

[@CaptainHarlock-kv4zt]

Paeonia is in FYR''macedonia''.Macedonia(the real,ancient one) is in Greece.

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

24 veka od FILIP KRAL do 1913 TERITORIJA NA MAKEDONIJA Kavala-----------Solun----------Halkidiki----------Panonia so Egejsko more .

[@bradenglass4753]

Sorry but you made an error. Foot companions (pezhetairoi) were the sarrissa wielding Pikemen, the anvil of thr army. The hypaspists were the elite, heavily armed yet looser units on the flanks of the phalanx. These men were armed in typical hoplite fashion and not in a massive phalanx- thus they were maneuverable. Lmao going from hypaspist to phalangite isn't a promotion.

[@itarry4]

Actually Alexander changed it I believe. During Philips Reign he's got it the right way around.

[@athanasiosbairlis5563]

hello again Mr. Can you make a "correction" please ?. King "Bardyllis", was the first sigificant king of the ILLYRIANS. At the war against Philip, he probably had allied some forces of Dardanians (area today near Kossovo, ( Greek: "Kosifopedion"). Thank you

[@ukmediawarrior]

From what I have read over the years Parmenion was born a Macedonian, not Paeonian.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Parmenion is referred to as a Paeonian by both Plutarch and Arrian.

[@ukmediawarrior]

Then I stand corrected, lol. I have never dived that deep as to have read their works, just read modern history books on the times which I admit could of missed out that point, or watched other documentaries. I am sure you did due diligence:)

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Fairo, not really an important detail early in his career but definitely plays a role later in his life and towards his execution.

[@ukmediawarrior]

You think it was one factor in Alexander ordering Parmenion's execution after his son, Philatos, was part of the plot to kill him? That as he wasn't a full Macedonian he couldn't be entirely trusted not to turn on the King like his son had, despite many years of loyal service to him and his father Phillip?

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

UK Media Warrior it’s always easier to accuse a foreigner of treason than that of a person born if your home country. It was used, at least partially, as justification although that whole shabang really is pretty complicated with Philotas and Alexandee

[@salvatoretotoriina9523]

Kral makedonski

[@Huckleberry00]

Thucydides NEVER associated Macedonians (432-430 B.C.) w/ ANYTHING other than 'true' Hellenes (...i.e.: Greeks)! Indeed, he ONLY EVER identifies them w/ the original 'Dorians' from Argos in-the-Peloponnese (...whence 'Argos Orestikon' in ancient Macedon-proper)!. -Indeed: King Phillip, Perdiccas 's dispossessed sibling, had been in league WITH the Athenians vis a vis OTHER 'Dorians' (...namely, Corinthians; themselves in concert w/ his own brother) ...at the latter 's erstwhile 'colony' (in Chalcidice) whereby Thucydides INCESSANTLY alluded to ANY & ALL Macedonians in the context of fellow 'Hellenes'; ...as opposed to, amongst others, oftimes-(likely)-'barbarian' allies! **(Bk I): "On their way they (...i.e.: the Athenians) came ... with three thousand hoplites of their own and w/ MANY OF THEIR ALLIES besides, and w/ six hundred Macedonian cavalry who were under the command of Philip and Pausanias ; and at the same time their ships, seventy in number, sailed along the coast. ..."τρισχιλιοις μεν οπλιταις εαυτων, χωρίς δε ΤΩΝ ΞΥΜΜΑΧΩΝ ΠΟΛΛΟΙΣ, ιππευσι δε εξακοσιοις Μακεδονων τοις μετά Φιλίππου και Παυσανιου άμα δε νηες παρεπλεον εβδομηκοντα". (As well): "But Callias, the commander of the Athenians and his colleagues sent the Macedonian cavalry AND A FEW OF THE ALLIES toward Olynthus ..." ; ...(Bk I lxiii.2-lxiv.a) "But since the Athenians were soon proving the victors and the standards were pulled down, ...the Macedonians REJOINED the Athenians." **AGAIN: ALWAYS in the context of 'Fellow' Hellenes' (...i.e.: NEVER as mere non-descript 'allies')! **signed: A 'true' Macedonian FROM NORTHERN 'HELLAS' (...wherein my 'forebears' 've lived 'AFORE the advent of Bulgar /Slav /Albanian incursions)!

[@hermespsychopompos4615]

We know mate. None says Macedonians were not Greeks. It's simply an other Greek tribe semi-barbaric for the high standards of the rest of the Greeks. They fully assimilated in education levels a bit later.

[@mihaelbitola3812]

Stop spreading misinformations. There is not such a thing ancient Greece, the name Greece exist just hundred and something years, England France and Germany invented that name, they defeated the ottomans, and they created a new country with a new name Greece, and they made one of their princess to be the king of Greece.

[@mpousioutis]

What about the name Hellas? Is that enough for you? Hellas, Hellenes, Hellenistic.

[@benroper5049]

Balkan moment

[@iordanistzivas4902]

The one who taught you this things has to go back to school immediately. Not to a Skopjan propaganda school but a real one

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

MAKEDONIJA ------ 25 CENTURIES IN SOUTH EVROPA .

[@iordanistzivas4902]

@@tatjanavelkova5814 hi hi hi hi CREP

[@notyourbusiness5795]

I cannot express how happy I am that you are making this series. I always hated how most people/documentarys concentrate on the flashy episodes of history, but never the actual groundwork behind it like with Alexander and his father. So thank you and keep up the good work.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Thanks for that! Yeah I feel the exact same, when I watch something like Extra History its a nice story but it kinda goes in one ear and out the other with its format. And when I see something from that I know stuff about already they get quite a few details wrong. However I might be going a bit lighter on the less narrative stuff (like the warfare segment of this one) and rolling out another series that can cover them in ~10 minute segments.

[@ajwestgate3066]

thank you for making these videos your channel deserves more subs.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Thanks! I really am happy as long as people are learning something.

[@itarry4]

@@ArchaiaHistoria hi have you read the David Gemmell books. He did 3 based on the Illiad and 2 around a fantasy Parmenion where he's a Spartan outcast. While they are fantasy they are very good and entertaining and use the actual history intwined with his own fantasy.

[@19gonzo83]

Come on man finish this, it was great.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

I've been making them, I just moved across country all on my own so I've been packed these past months. I'm really pushing this next episode.

[@historycenter4011]

4:11 Mine's longer innovation! Strikes again.

[@historycenter4011]

6:05 And again!

[@historycenter4011]

8:30 Guess who's back back back tell a friend friend friend guess who back back back back again again again. Guess who's back Guess who's back Guess who's back!

[@mlawlor472]

phillip and alexander are drawn hillariously. awesome

[@LuizAlexPhoenix]

00:00 "War" What is it good for? Wait, we aren't singing that song? Alright...

[@ethienosinsky5186]

Another potential reason for regiments being region specific is dialects, upper and lower macedonians might have had a different dialect

[@TTYounga]

really enjoyed the segment on the upgrades to the armies

[@HVLLOWS1999]

Are you ever going to get into Phillips later years and Alexander's life???

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

I’m making the video right now :)

[@andrejmucic5003]

you are awesome, even though English

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Andrej Mucic Appreciate it but I’m not English

[@MakedonskaAkropolaMKD]

MACEDONIA TIMELESS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

[@georgios3113]

Nothing to do with you, buddy. You’re not Macedonian, you are West Bulgarian.

[@iordanistzivas4902]

You are not even allowed to use the word Macedonia on its own. You need to add North in front to distinguish you people from the real legacy and history or real Makedonia in Greece 🇬🇷!!

[@tatjanavelkova5814]

ALEXANDER THE GREAT and FILIP -- MACEDONIANS. before 25 centuries FILIP KING ON MAKEDONIJA, ALEXANDER TSAR ON MAKEDONIJA ! ! ! ! !

[@iordanistzivas4902]

@@tatjanavelkova5814 hahahahahaha that with the Tsar Tatjana is the best 😅😅😅 hi hi hi CREP

[@iordanistzivas4902]

@@tatjanavelkova5814 eat... yellow ☺️

[@hungryghost5589]

Never go full Cannae

[@tasoskoyt]

parmenion was from pelagonia not paeonia

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Which was in Paeonia

[@tasoskoyt]

@@ArchaiaHistoria no it was a completely different region. In antiquity, Pelagonia was roughly bounded by Paeonia to the north and east, Lynkestis and Almopia to the south and Illyria to the west; and was inhabited by the Pelagones, an ancient Greek tribe of Upper Macedonia, who were centered at the Pelagonian plain and, according to Hecataeus and Strabo, were an Epirote Molossian tribe.The region was annexed to the Macedonian kingdom during the 4th century BC and became one of its administrative provinces.

[@Lejinad69]

Can we get a series on Illyrians?

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

I mean the Illyrians will eventually get their own focus once the Diodochi come into play. But what were you thinking it would be about?

[@euronbuci3664]

@@ArchaiaHistoria in general from 1000 bce to 9 ac

[@hermespsychopompos4615]

Eh, Illyrians were an other Greek tribe, more or less the same stories you will get.

[@georgios3113]

Where do you base your claim Illyrians were Greek? They had no written language. They’re left nothing behind.

[@MCorpReview]

The Greeks seem better warriors than the Trojans. Troy enjoyed advantage of the high walls.do u have a strategy video on Trojan war?

[@paulmayson3129]

I believed what you say is most likely true. At this point the Southern Greeks may have been united under the Achaean Confederation (in the sense of having many kings being vassals to a high king) but this doesn’t mean that all Greeks were so. There were the Epirotans and the Macednoi, both Dorian Tribes. It could also be that the shores of Thrace and Troas were inhabited by Greek speaking peoples as well as it is indicated in the Illiad

[@henrydicarlo8472]

@John Greco That theory has gained traction lately.

[@dawidkiller]

Sources on Parmenion being a Paeonian?

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Arrian I believe

[@georgios3113]

Nonsense. Parmenion was son of Philotas. Both pure Macedonians.

[@tamerofhorses2200]

You are extremely wrong in saying that the hoplite armors were heavy. They were anything but. Being made from linen or similar light materials, a hoplite's cuirass - as is known from modern reconstructions and whatnot- was both sturdy and light, allowing the warrior to move quickly. The thing which impeded the agility of the phalangite on the other hand, was not so much the materials themselves as It was the rigidity of their formation and units.

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

You’re mistaking a later post-Iphicratic reformed peltast for the traditional Hoplite. Hoplites had bronze armour (which albeit wasn’t THAT heavy) and their heavy Hoplon shield. That is what weighed them down IN COMPARISON to peltasts like that used by Iphicrates.

[@tamerofhorses2200]

Archaia Istoria Bronze itself isn't heavy even If we were to presume all hoplites had bronze cuirasses(which they didn't). A sheet of metal(be it steel or bronze) spread over a sizeable portion of the body isn't as heavy as one might think. Beside that, not all hoplites had bronze armor, most couldn't possibly have afforded such armor and even If they had the resources I doubt they would opt for something so extravagant. My guess is that only those of the higher end of the spectrum usually preferred the use of bronze cuirasses. Linen armor(linothorax or sorts), in practical, situations is nearly as effective as bronze.

[@tamerofhorses2200]

Archaia Istoria You can check how agile high-medieval knights were in all their plate pharaphernalia, now imagine how a hoplite would weigh even less than that.

[@tamerofhorses2200]

Archaia Istoria Besides these, I don't have anything to pick off with your video. Great content nevertheless.

[@athanasiosbairlis5563]

Was General Parmenion from the Peonian tribe ?? Can you please inform me about your source ? PLEASE !

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Both Plutarch and Arrian refer to him as being a Paeonian. Sadly I don’t have the books at hand and I think they don’t say which tribe, just that he was Paeonian.

[@georgios3113]

He wasn’t. Premenion was son of Philotas. Both as Macedonian as Philip and Alexander

[@mr.michealsmith6346]

Macedonia is NOT greece But good animating

[@ArchaiaHistoria]

Thank you, but Macedonia is inside modern Greece so a bit lost there.

[@oneofu1803]

Nah, you're not lost, Mr.Micheal is.

[@mr.michealsmith6346]

Macedonia is part in greece, but also in Bulgaria and the Republic of Macedonia. So how does that make it greek?

[@oneofu1803]

Making it Greek are the facts that is was created my Hellenes/Greeks, the language was the greek one, psilosophy,architecture,drama,sciences were all hellenic. There is no country called Macedonia, Macedonia is a part of Greece. Fact is that there are parts of Macedonia in foreign hands, such as skopjan and bulgarian. The dispute was never about history or archaiology but purly a political matter fueled by corruption. Macedonia is a greek word as great ancient greek writer Homer (9th bc) proves in his writings. Here is the TRUTH from Alexander the Great himself: "Tell your king (Xerxes), who sent you, how his Greek viceroy of Macedonia has received you hospitably." (Herodotus, Histories, 5.20.4, Loeb) Alexander the Great, king of Macedon, 356 BCE - 323 BCE: "Your ancestors came to Macedonia and the rest of Greece and did us great harm, though we had done them no prior injury. I have been appointed leader of the Greeks, and wanting to punish the Persians I have come to Asia, which I took from you..." (Alexander's letter to Persian king Darius in response to a truce plea, as quoted in "Anabasis Alexandri" by Roman historian Arrian, Book II, 14, Alexander the Great, king of Macedon, 356 BCE - 323 BCE: "Now you fear punishment and beg for your lives, so I will let you free, if not for any other reason so that you can see the difference between a Greek king and a barbarian tyrant." (Kallisthenes, Historia Alexandri Magni, 1.37.9-13) Alexander the Great, king of Macedon, 356 BCE - 323 BCE: "There are Greek troops, to be sure, in Persian service - but how different is their cause from ours! They will be fighting for pay - and not much of at that; we, on the contrary, shall fight for Greece, and our hearts will be in it." (Addressing his troops prior to the Battle of Issus, as quoted in Anabasis Alexandri by Roman historian Arrian) Book II Alexander the Great, addressing the dead Greeks of the Battle of Chaeronea: "Holy shadows of the dead, I’m not to blame for your cruel and bitter fate, but the accursed rivalry which brought sister nations and brother people, to fight one another. I do not feel happy for this victory of mine. On the contrary, I would be glad, brothers, if I had all of you standing here next to me, since we are united by the same language, the same blood and the same visions." (Historiae Alexandri Magni, 6.3.11, by Roman historian Quintus Curtius Rufus) Alexander said : "Ευγνωμωνώ τους θεούς διότι εγεννήθην Έλλην" I thank the Gods i was born Greek... Do you even know how his father, Philip died? He died because he neglected the saying of his own people and reached too far, ignoring the virtue of humility. During a dramatical play, in Macedon's capital Aegae, he presented himself as the 13th Olympian God (Gods of ancient Greeks, the 12 Gods of mount Olympus, in Thessali,Greece). Blasphemy to his own people, got himself killed by a soldier in the audiense. Philip's megalomania caused him dearly as he died by the hands of the people that pledged to give their lifes for him in battle. Neoptolemus/Νεοπτόλεμος, one of the most famous ancient Greek tragedians/actors, who btw had his career starting in Athens, made a name for himself while reenacting plays of the great tragedians of ancient Athens, Aischilos,Euripidis and Sofoclis. When asked which one was his most memorable/important moment of his acting/artistic career he responded that is was on stage alright, but it was not an act! Referencing him whitnesing the death of a king, which like Icarus reached beyond his grasp, disregarded the virtue of being humble and perished in the least fashionable, least royal way possible. If all this, doesn's sound Greek to you, then i don't know what will.

[@theophilospatsiades332]

Pliny The Elder (Roman Naturalist Philosopher 23AD-79AD) Natural History Book 18 ch.12 ‘’wheat’’ ‘’Such, at all events, were the opinions generally entertained in the reign of Alexander III the Great, at a time when Greece was at the height of her glory, and the most powerful country in the world.’’

[@AKRITAS365]

Why do you label all city states Greeks and not the Macedonians?? When in fact they were all Hellenes (greeks) including the Macedonians. They were all independent states with their own identity. Afterall there was not a unified country named Greece. Not until Alexander united them under one Hellenic umbrella with a common Hellenic koini language.