Phreatic Pyroclastic Eruption And Explosion, Lava & Ground Water, Iceland Svartsengi Volcano

A phreatic eruption or steam-blast eruption occurs when magma heats ground or surface water.
Pyroclastic rocks are clastic rocks composed of rock fragments produced and ejected by explosive volcanic eruptions. The individual rock fragments are known as pyroclasts.
Video is speeded up 2X.
I am a geologist by profession and training. This is an educational channel devoted mostly to spread of geological knowledge and education. I work hard to make the material you see presented to you in this short concise videos. Please support this channel by "LIKE"ing and sharing the videos and help them to be seen. I am making many videos every month. It is a constant stream of unique graphics and presentations of scientifically accurate and timely information about volcanoes. I am here for you to report everything about this fascinating subject. This is my expertise, my professional training, my education and my job.
Please if you feel you like them, support my work by using the Super Thanks and membership of the channel. Thank you.
Some of the images are produced by recent advances in Artificial Intelligence. They are just pretty pictures that AI is producing when a text describes a volcanic event or geological phenomenon for them. They are by no means represent the reality and are used here only for their graphical merits.
A great source for live views of the volcano in Reykjanes Peninsula is the amazing mbl.is KZbin channel. Please SUBSCRIBE and like and share their live KZbin camera views here to help their work be known. Iceland depends on tourism and beyond the Reykjanes Peninsula there are plenty of sites with world class tourist attractions. If you want to help Iceland, plan a holiday to this amazing country. Icelandic people are kind and welcoming people and their food and cousin is second to none. The clip of starting moments of the eruption is courtesy of mbl Iceland.
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Phreatic eruption here:
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Icelandic Meteorological Office is a great source of information and maps:
www.vedur.is/u...
The team that designed the dikes at Grindavík and Svartsengi gained a lot of experience in designing and making them when experiments were carried out with dikes during the eruption at Fagradalsfjall in 2021. It was not surprising to the team when the dikes passed the test in the eruption on January 14.
Hörn Hrafnsdóttir, water resources engineer at Verkís and assistant professor at the Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering at the University of Helsinki, and Sólveig Kristín Sigurðardóttir, geotechnical engineer at Verkís, are on the dam team.
3 D Model of eruption here :
sketchfab.com/...
The GPS data is from University of Iceland here:
strokkur.raunv...
GPS animation here:
www.iris.edu/h...
Sulfur dioxide distribution map from here :
www.windy.com/...
The thumbnail for this video is produced by an AI machine based on a text description. It does not represent, implied or inferred, the real ground facts. It is just a pretty picture chosen based on general advise by KZbin on choosing effective eye catching thumbnails.
#Island #Iceland #Volcano #volcanoiceland
#grindavik #earthquake #volcaniceruptionIceland
#svartsengi #icelandvolcano #bluelagoon #powerplant #blue lagoon #eruptionGrindavik #News #BreakingNews #LatestNews #Krysuvik #reykjavik #Kevlavik #Bláfjalla #kleifarvatn
#Hagafell #Sundhnúka_Craters

[@BillyBob-tt7hy]

It’s like a giant buried locomotive coming to life and going into death throughs, really extraordinary, I’m sure it’s a you had to be there experience. Incredibly violent.

[@mankihonda983]

That's the thing about nature...It reads all your memos, reports and predictions and then takes a giant dump on all of it:

[@kevinsellsit5584]

Never doubt the Earth's ability to flush the toilet on humanity.

[@user-yv7kw1nr2q]

This is by far one of the best videos recorded where lava meets water. Thank you for the added sound - that was significant to hear the different levels of explosive activity. The power behind those explosions and seeing the rock launch, just phenominal! My sister and I have watched this several times, it's one of those videos that will stay in our awe inspired digital libraries. Thank you for sharing such an amazing video.

[@TimSmith-mi1sx]

Pray for those down wind of this monster.

[@RenaLarson61]

This is absolutely awe inspiring and terrifying footage, hearing the explosions and watching the lava fountain upwards just amazing, stay safe and my hopes and prayers go out to the people of Iceland

[@jameschandler3308]

All it has to do is become a little bit worse then it becomes everyone's problem, so best to extend you thoughts n prayers while youre at it.

[@RenaLarson61]

@@jameschandler3308 Believe me my prayers and thoughts are definitely being sent to the people of Iceland

[@susiemay4285]

​@@jameschandler3308 Mine too!!!!

[@gichinitosu3153]

Fantastic footage. But it is a phreatic, not a pyroclastic eruption. In Iceland you have low silica high temp magma with low content of gases within the magma. For a pyroclastic eruption you need a high silica low temp magma with a high content of gases. Those gases expand when the magma rises to the surface with lower pressure. It then ends in a violent explosion where the the more sticky magma aka lava is dispersed within the gases, traveling downhill at high speed. The pyroclastic eruptions you can find where tectonic plates are meeting and getting melted when they dive into the depths of our planet (Antilles (Mt. Pelé), Italy (Mt. Vesuvius), Indonesia, Japan). Iceland as well as Hawaii are zones where tectonic plates are newly built. Their type of magma is low on gas. This little bit of gas is not enough to disperse the highly liquid magma during their rise to the surface.

[@SINDRIKARL1]

Well, Hawaii isn't building a new plate (it's about as close to the center of the pacific plate as you can get), but it is still much closer to Icelandic eruption because it's fueled by a Mantle Plume just like Iceland. Hawaiian islands is much younger rock than the surrounding ocean plate while iceland is part of that plate.

[@gichinitosu3153]

@@SINDRIKARL1 Yes, you’re right. My fault. Hawaii is Hotspot-Vulcanism. That’s why they have the same type of magma like Iceland.

[@valentinfreret6427]

Well, a phreatic eruption happens without magma. Here, this is what we call a phreatomagmatic explosion (explosive interaction between magma and groundwater), which ejects pyroclats in the air.

[@francesw.6774]

Just a friendly reminder from our planet that - 4.5 billion years into its existence - it remains a dynamic, ever-evolving, celestial body that operates on a scale and dimensions that we as humans can hardly fathom. What an awesome spectacle.

[@rmactvc]

And then we think we can control the climate!

[@DoubleDecker311.]

Globe-tard

[@freedomforusa1658]

Horse cap

[@francesw.6774]

@@freedomforusa1658 Elephant shoe.

[@SIANANDLENAROSE]

Our maker God Almighty has prophecies unfolding before our very eyes across the nations. Day after day they are increasing. Oh I pray that people repent and believe the Gospel of their salvation. All my love and prayers in Jesus Christ to all

[@thomasanglin1751]

It's amazing how we are alive today and able to witness what the planet was like before there was life.

[@ManiacRacing]

Finally footage with the sound! Awesome!

[@mysticwolf2842]

This eruption has unfortunately caused problems with air travel in the area, these gases ars causing problems with jet engines even 500 miles from the site.😊 this will have affects on the weather.

[@mds19238]

Call AL Gore, he can fix it.

[@JudithGolding]

Amazing! The black gas clouds accompanied by explosions look like enormous monsters escaping from their fiery prison.

[@shawnsvancara5406]

Your comment reminded me of one of the most vivid dreams I had years ago. That all across earth pillars of the darkest smoke imaginable erupted straight to the sky and began blotting it out, shortly after tar sacs started raining down from the black clouds and demons started clawing their way out of them and began attacking everyone, some small and others colossal-it was terrifying!

[@delphine88313]

Actually, one day, they will be released, just read the book of revelation

[@thesunrisechannel]

Stunning footage...Thanks Doc!

[@johnal-kel9063]

I Thought Your Thumbnail Was Altered, To Make It Seem Like The Eruption Was Larger But Its Real!!!!!

[@ottolehikoinen6193]

Ok, this looks serious, hope the walls are strong enough.

[@Fasterthan3plus]

Wow! Stay safe Icelanders. 🙏🙏

[@PlayNowWorkLater]

That is incredible! And terrifying! I’ve never seen pyroclastic flow emerge from a vent like that. Hopefully everyone nearby is okay. It seems like this eruption really snuck up on everyone

[@karl_sigurjonsson]

Everyone is fine. The area was evacuated hours before the eruption. We have been expecting another eruption this is how camera's are already all over there

[@dawnpettet5280]

Mesmerising yet terrifying.......

[@John-u1j7r]

Land of fire and ice for a very good reason!

[@cherylconway2788]

Scary stuff!

[@Doug_Morgan]

The amazing thing to watch that most of the live feeds missed was the lava was pouring into the fissure not coming out of it. The lava river was pouring into the fissure and then exploding with water in the ground. I saved some clips of it off of the other mlb camera.

[@KyuubiChupachaotica]

That isn't pyroclastic. Pyroclastic means a large ash collum becoming to large to sustain the output and collapsing back downward, and surging. Usually involves heavier ash particles and lighter rock fragments being blown straight up in a sustained ash collum.

[@KyuubiChupachaotica]

It is phreatic though. Interaction with ground water after all. It is quite reactive when it interacts with magma.

[@vancouverislandandthething3945]

And us, the tiny humans we are, go about our trivial little lives while our planet sits down to a rock buffet, ingests itself, then looks for a place to uh, expel. In more scientific terms- How freaking amazingly crazy is that? I love you earth!!! And this footage (pun incoming) rocks!

[@stephenmead8183]

Very spectacular. Water vs lava. Steam explosions. Humans cannot change nature.

[@shawnsvancara5406]

You had the absolute best view and footage of this event, loved that you included sound as well! 👍

[@TalRohan]

I would hazard a guess that you can feel and hear those steam explosions a very long way away ...I wonder how many decibels they measured...This is the kind of thing that would happen if lava intruded on Old faithful in yellowstone national park.

[@biblebasher9364]

A different creature this time! And she had to clear her throat! Amazing!

[@erictaylor5462]

My dad, who was a fire fighter as part of his job said if you see smoke you know the fire fighters arrive when the smoke goes from black to grey then to white. It's the water the fire fighters are spraying on the fire. Here you have it backwards. The smoke starts off white then goes dark as the ground water boils away.

[@tetsuoshima7385]

Me leaving my pasta on the hob for 8 seconds whilst I go for a quick pee😂

[@tomholroyd7519]

Iceland is a growing country ... it will be habitable in a few tens of thousands of years

[@Looneyfarm2000]

Wow, totally different from the last few eruptions!

[@gregsanderson2727]

Absolutely stunning footage

[@Trylobyte]

Look at it go! Excellent footage

[@S-T-E-V-E]

I saw this happening on the Livestream, everybody was wondering what it was, what an amazing spectacle we got to see an eruption from the beginning live streamed in real time!

[@schoolingdiana9086]

Thank you, @Dr AstroGeoTech! I’ve been looking for a video of when it started. You did not disappoint! Extra nice that you included/looped in a repeat of it where it’s zoomed in. ❤❤❤

[@TomPauls007]

like the dark ash clouds. cool. very hypnotic

[@mustwereallydothis]

I sure wouldn't want to be caught downwind of that one

[@ssb9489]

Nature in all its power..

[@kevinsellsit5584]

If anyone can enlighten us (me) on the chemical and or mineral reactions that are producing the color changes in the smoke/gasses coming from this event, it would be interesting.

[@TheAstronomer]

black is cold lava, red is fresh lava , brown is shattered and powdered oxidised iron-rich bedrook and old lava, white is water steam.

[@kevinsellsit5584]

@@TheAstronomer Thank you!

[@MELwithRSD]

I pray that no one is downwind or in the path of that 😳🙏

[@outwest6338]

Wow, amazing. I have never seen such a thing!

[@hansjurgenklein2513]

Thanks vor a Great🤩🤩 Video

[@bherylkuebler986]

If you took this video, good. If not, WHOSE VIDEO IS IT? I seeno credit anywhere.

[@fatimamccullough120]

This planet is absolutely AWSOME 👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽💜💜💜💜

[@kevinking9783]

My limited intellect is showing through. If smoke is always the by-product of incomplete combustion, what is it that is burning subsurface? The actual soil and rock being heated to the point of incineration, and thus we see the roiling smoke clouds escaping under pressure?

[@Pokemon-Kid112]

The black smoke is from the explosions, the white is from the lava. Does that help?

[@Pokemon-Kid112]

And the explosions are caused by the lava coming into contact with groundwater.

[@danoberste8146]

I'm not a volcanologist, but as a firefighter, I'll toss in what I know. True, smoke is unburned products of combustion, but not all that looks like smoke would actually qualify as smoke. Explosive venting from a volcano can lift rock and ash along with the heated gases rising from the vent. Depending on the size and density it will either fall out relatively quickly, or be carried quite far away with the superheated rising air. Also included in the "smoke" can be gases. Most gases are colorless, but I know of many of the gases from sulphurs that have that dark brown and yellow colors.

[@brianorca]

Not all of that is smoke from combustion. A lot of volcanic ash is when molten rock is aerosolized by expanding steam or other gasses which come out of solution as the pressure reduces near the surface. It then solidifies as it cools in the air.

[@JohnNewman-j8f]

This is a low silica basalt eruption. Very hot and runny lava, gasses escape rapidly and explosively pushing pulverized rock of its way. As it encounters ground water it flashes to steam, pulverizing the rock as well.

[@just_kos99]

I'm glad that after billions of years, our planet is still so dynamic, our core still liquid and spinning up a magnetic field. Seeing and hearing this, with the magma hitting a water table and the resulting explosions of steam and ejecta, is truly amazing. Had the replay the explosion at 2:37, that was far out.

[@ojosarkissian1323]

OMGthis is absolutely amazing and scary I’ve never any thing like this it’s really terrifying when I saw the beginning and the end which never stood

[@optimisation5893]

This volcano did more environment pollution in 10 minutes than all humans in 25 years! I wonder if the cult will make a complain to ban all volcanos around the world! 😉😁

[@CaptPike787]

Where is John Kerry? He must control this volcano’s carbon footprint.

[@battleshipnewjerseysailor4738]

THIS, is what happens when human try to ban SMOKING

[@robcaballero7964]

Doesn’t that volcano realize how much Carbon and soot it is shooting into the atmosphere ? They should really go electric.

[@raymondszybowicz7597]

Awesome footage thank you i am glad I live in Michigan were I don't believe there are any active volcanoes.

[@rckn-rndlwestvirginiarc4388]

I wish there were explanations on why the sudden explosions, and why there are different colors of smoke/clouds of ash, and what causes

[@steffidawn]

No wonder the Tonga explosion was so big, that amount of sea water hitting lava at one time when the Crater wall collapsed must have been a deafening sound if this video is any comparative.

[@DonnaBurke-p7b]

Is this happening because of the water pressure, from the ice melting throughout the planet?

[@xaviersavedra711]

4:30, this looks like it certainly produced a short distance pyro flow.

[@tinkmarshino]

DAMN!

[@billbennett6398]

Looks like they have defrosted a couple of wooly mammoth farts¡!

[@dandomine]

Is the orangeness of the ash cloud due to high concentrations of sulphur, or to other minerals?

[@TheAstronomer]

Red wavelength light . It is glowing red hot lava.

[@dandomine]

@@TheAstronomer that yellowish/orange smoke from the glow?! Crazy...

[@woodrushwoodrush7076]

This is amazing! Could we watch this at the normal speed with sound?

[@Brett7474]

Probably not a good idea to go sightseeing with this eruption. this one is much more violent then the one a few years ago.

[@xzk219]

Soon the European court of justice will find out about this "polution" and put a fee on it!

[@therabbits168]

Great video. I bet it smells REALLY bad there.

[@reggawardle4874]

Now bring the pan up to temperature, and add a little wa- oh shit run..

[@beavischrist5]

All that airpollution😮 CO2 we are doomed😊

[@fiddlermom9629]

Wow! Thanks for showing this!

[@carlgreen4985]

Billions of years? Looks pretty new to me.

[@dereksimpson1284]

Is it spewing ash

[@AffordBindEquipment]

Greta’s not going to be happy about this.

[@CaptPike787]

This one looks much angrier.

[@jeffreyclark9844]

I wonder what makes the smoke brown?

[@livingdeadgirla]

8:12 - 8:18 Are those birds? Wild.

[@tomsummer5336]

Watching from New Zealand That’s just incredible

[@evoxpop2088]

Incredible, scary and awesome 🎉. The black smoke reminded me of the Iraqi oil fields burning. Why is the smoke this color?

[@ericsonhazeltine5064]

Lot of air pollution here.

[@erictaylor5462]

As a kid I heard that Iceland was named that because it was a nice place to live but the people who lived there didn't want to share so they named it "Iceland. Greenland was a cold frozen land but the people who lived there wanted to encourage immigration, so they named it "Greenland" I found out much later that that "Greenland" in this context is like "Green Cheese, which is not collared green, rather green cheese is an aged cheese like Cheddar before it is aged. Greenland was called that by the people who found it, It was green as in new. I'm still not sure if the story of how Iceland got it's name as an ant-immigration measure, bit it may have been more effective to give it the more accurate name Eldur Eyja. The place where children play "The Floor is Lava because it gives skills they will need some day, like why Americans playing baseball.

[@Dave-ei7kk]

Awesome. But too bad the camera operator over-zoomed the lens for the first 2/3 if the video. Hard to tell what’s really going on when you can’t see the surrounding context.

[@williamdodge5123]

Creating more real-estate,,

[@anjodosol46]

Omg, I don’t know if Grandavit is gone escape this time, it seems very violent and unsettled

[@kevin_bodi]

Real action starts after 2:25

[@jackieo7944]

Oh Lord, 😮 spectacular and awesome to see this, thankyou. 😊

[@maureenwright5151]

Is grindavic in danger?

[@karentaylor83]

Wow that is amazing.

[@deewilson888]

Amazing video! ❤🏆

[@rainwellwisher7075]

Flood with cold water

[@petebraven1522]

The live stream from this cam was dropped offline for some reason when I was trying to find what was producing all the smoke. This looks very different to the rest of the emissions from the other vents, I was thinking that it could be from a deeper source? Thanks for giving me this angle, definitely not what the 'experts' were predicting eh? 🤔🥴

[@susiemay4285]

Exactly. I'm not an expert on that fiery stuff: I wonder too, where all of that billowing smoke is coming from - BURNING rock? So, the temp is that intense that it will actually BURN the rock deeper down????

[@petebraven1522]

@@susiemay4285 That is the result of magma travelling up through groundwater, the water becomes super-heated steam and fractures the rocks around it. When the rising magma hits that wet debris below the surface, the reaction is explosive and the dark smoke and steam is particles of lava, rocks, mud, and gasses. That particular eruption is well off the line of the earlier fissure and almost right on the join of the main tectonic plates, which has me a bit puzzled.

[@GalaxyVoid0]

Who's idea to step on her wake her up, Come on now don't need a grumpy 🌋 Stay safe everyone.

[@FruitariansKvetaAndMango]

wow... i am speechless what the power... thanks 💙 for great work on the video as always

[@gutwallst6645]

Where is the water at?

[@anjodosol46]

That bit there is so much smoke, maybe the larva reached some gas pipes

[@muza1404]

Do you know what sort of chemistry causes the difference in smoke color.

[@TheAstronomer]

Yes I do know.

[@muza1404]

And so !!! How is the color produced??

[@annemaria5126]

Is it possible that this ongoing volcanic activity on Iceland had/has a bad influence on the climate of the northern hemisphere? The wet weather, the cold, the clouds? Here in the Netherlands we are drowning. Farming is hardly possible. Good news for the nature-lovers (😢), who seek to destroy farmers, but bad news for households who have to eat.

[@enno9612]

No.

[@nickbierman3640]

No. What you are describing is weather not climate.

[@rienkhoek4169]

No, this is really local. Cool to see, but as relevant to mainland Europe as someone having a bbq om the other end of your town.

[@annemaria5126]

@@rienkhoek4169 😳

[@annemaria5126]

@@nickbierman3640 oh dear....my mistake.....and I know so well the difference. Indeed I meant the weather. Because the sky is all grey.

[@michelecox5241]

Throughly fascinating! 😮

[@Mrbfgray]

Is this 2X playback speed?

[@QueenOfHarps]

🙀🙀 🌋

[@martinamuller2726]

Phantstisch duese Jraft der Natur.!

[@ryancheung478]

2:37 You can hear a boom! 💥💥💥

[@anjodosol46]

Very unstable

[@AncientAstroAthlete]

Yikes!!!

[@Rodneygd]

Wild!

[@OMG.HopsGnue]

No voice over ?🤔