Router Hierarchies and Route Summarization - Networking Fundamentals - Lesson 5 - Part 3

In this video we provide a brief introduction to Network Design concepts. We discuss how Routers are typically deployed in a Hierarchy, and the benefits this achieves. One of those benefits is the ability to Summarize Routes for the sake of reducing the number of entries in the Routing Table. We show you some examples of Route Summarization, all the way through to the ultimate route summary known as the Default Route (0.0.0.0 /0).
This is Part 3 of our lesson on Routers. It is recommended to have watched Part 1 and Part 2 before watching this video.
=== Networking Fundamentals - Module 1 ===
Lesson 1 - Network Devices
Part 1: • Network Devices - Host...
Part 2: • Hub, Bridge, Switch, R...
Lesson 2 - OSI Model
Part 1: • OSI Model: A Practical...
Part 2: • OSI Model: A Practical...
Lesson 3 - Everything Hosts to do speak on the Internet
Part 1: • Everything Hosts do to...
Part 2: • Everything Hosts do to...
Lesson 4 - Everything Switches do to facilitate communication
Part 1: • Everything Switches do...
Part 2: • Everything Switches do...
Lesson 5 - Everything Routers do to facilitate communication
Part 1: • Everything Routers do ...
Part 2: • Everything Routers do ...
Part 3: • Router Hierarchies and...
Lesson 6 - Networking Protocols
- • Network Protocols - AR...
- ARP, FTP, SMTP, HTTP, SSL, TLS, HTTPS, DNS, DHCP
- Four items MUST be configured for Internet Connectivity
Lesson 7 - How Data moves through the Internet
- • How Data moves through...
- Interview question: What happens when you type "site.com" into a web browser?
---
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---
🖧 Full Networking Fundamentals series (Module 1 - all FREE):
• Networking Fundamentals
📇 Details about the Full Networking Fundamentals Course:
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#networking #ccna #network #osi #switches #routers

[@PracticalNetworking]

🚨📢 Update: *Full Course is Under Construction* --> pracnet.net/networking 👉👉 Enroll now for *discounted early access* to the course and a chance to help shape its content. 📺▶ Module 1 Playlist - Networking Fundamentals: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi 💭💬 Join us on Discord: pracnet.net/discord _--- Original Comment below: ---_ *Full Course Status: Wait and See.* Hopefully you've come to realize that I put _a lot_ of effort into the content I create. I'm not a course creator that will simply turn on the screen recording and ramble, then call that teaching. I meticulously plan _every_ module and lesson to _maximize the learning and value_ for the student. To that end, it takes me a while to put together courses. If I'm going to dedicate the time, resources, and energy to putting this full course together, I need to know that there is enough interest in the full course. I'm rating that by how wide a reach this series achieves. *If you are interested in seeing the full course developed, then the best way to bring that to fruition is to spread the word about this content* . By itself it already conveys _a lot_ of value. So sharing even just the 7 lessons (13 videos) in this series will surely help whoever you share it with. Plus ... many online communities would greatly benefit from these videos. Think of all the Internet points you could acquire if you shared this series (karma, likes, follows, etc.) 😉 Use this link to share the full series: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi Also, if you share it on Twitter or LinkedIn, please tag me =): twitter.com/ed_pracnet/ www.linkedin.com/in/eharmoush/

[@LostedMissed-sf6wx]

unfortunately i am not able to buy courses , my whole life depends on free sources

[@haithamkhatib]

Thank you for being able to explain what many would consider difficult concepts in a very simple way. That’s a rare skill.

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Haitham. Thank you for the kind words.

[@PracticalNetworking]

The next video releases in *one week =)* The focus will be Networking Protocols. We'll provide a formal definition for Network "Protocols". Then briefly describe the functionality of the 8 most common networking protocols on the Internet: DNS, DHCP, HTTP, SSL, TLS, HTTPS, FTP, and SMTP. We follow that with a discussion on the four items which MUST be configured to achieve any sort of Internet connectivity. Subscribe to get notified. Comment to let me know what else you want to learn in this series =)

[@adedejiemmanuel1]

Thank you

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Azza! =)

[@KA-fl6qt]

I will be waiting.

[@Cybnet256]

You are the only person on youtube I would consider buying courses from. I've seen many paid courses that don't have this great of a pace and presentation.

[@ulvigulu]

This is tooo much! Couldn't believe this content is free. Your teaching style is something else, putting all the nodes neatly in place and then connecting them is so smooth. I know it is only fundamentals of networking and there are much more to absorb, but to someone like me with absolutely zero knowledge about networks, this course is truly invaluable. Massive thanks!

[@makopolemohubedu7985]

I don't normally comment to tutorials but you are on another level man, you make everything easy to understand and your skill is indeed rare, thank you a million times!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thanks for the kind words. You're very welcome.

[@user-bu6zt5uf4o]

no one and i repeat no one has ever explained this concept to me like you do , you buttress on the core details . you are the very best

[@scorpioshub9440]

your videos are addictive and it's because of your teaching style. Hats off!!!!!!!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you're enjoying them =).

[@adyandon]

This is the best introductory networking course on KZbin, hands down!

[@adedejiemmanuel1]

Hi Ed, You are still the best I have ever known! Thank you.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you for the kind words, Azza =)

[@adedejiemmanuel1]

I am watching this again, like new wine, its evergreen. Thank you.

[@KA-fl6qt]

Great video on how route hierarchy allows for route summarization . clear and straight to the point. Thank you Ed

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Kofi. Thank you for your support!

[@robertrotundu6701]

Dude you are genius.. I think this is most simple way straight to the point video/s i ever met till now on internet.. Better than cisco official and others.. Graphics too are great.. Keep it up!!! Thxs for the content and The work you put in this. 💪🙏🙏🙏

[@JustinL-yz2yr]

Your videos are great, not only do they explain things well but when you explain one thing, other things click from junkier videos that I watched previously.

[@carlosporto8255]

Thanks for that! You deserve to be recognized !

[@Username-hb1qi]

This is the best networking fundamentals lesson and series I have ever seen. Thank you! Please keep doing what you are doing. I will search your courses first before others.

[@Jonathan-jd7hd]

DUDE GOD BLESS YOU. ive ben struggling with subnetting and routing principals. i've read it, watched multiple videos, and practice examed it but im not too confident on my routing ability. This video displayed and articulated the concepts i was aware of, but displayed it in such a palatable way that it helps people like me who struggle with some of the more complex topics for my CCNA GOD BLESS U

[@BJIF]

You are Legend. Love from Bangladesh 🇧🇩

[@bbqconstruct9641]

Reviewing my notes of this and the last modules, I have a confident understanding of these concepts to build on and move forward!

[@herteert299]

You are the best teacher in the world

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you've enjoyed these videos, Hert !

[@devatheshmirra8176]

I don’t who you are practical networking guy. But I have a specific set of skill and so do you. What I don’t know is many. But what I know is I’m gonna find you, and kidnap you and keep you in my tutorial closet. Kudos 😊

[@jaehyi2009]

Please keep these videos coming! I've already learned so much about networking!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Happy to hear you've learned a lot. The whole first module is available on youtube =) kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi

[@se7en_tv]

Supporting you in releasing the full course!

[@banaan1945]

Super great and clear explination. Needed to refresh up an old course, did this in one evening with your video ;). Posting it to my colleagues

[@ronniekuster8224]

Hey Ed, Im new in IT and a lot of subjects that are used in your videos were taught to me in college. However, many subjects were taught in a way I always had troubles understanding it. Now that I have my first job as a cyber security specialist I need to configure Firewalls on a daily base. I started watching your videos just before starting my job and I have to say that all the subjects I was having difficulties with, are explained in a way that I can understand it just by watching your short videos. How amazing is that! I have recommended your youtube channel and website to my teamleader and they are using it now as a mandatory serie to watch for all newcomers. Awesome right?

[@AbdulRehman-ov7bl]

this is the best content I found on the internet.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you are enjoying it, Abdul =) Could you do me a favor? Do you mind sharing this video on Linked In, Reddit, Twitter, Facebook, or any other social media you use? As an independent creator, that would be an _enormous_ help, and I would appreciate it _greatly_ .

[@AbdulRehman-ov7bl]

@@PracticalNetworking Sure

[@PracticalNetworking]

@@AbdulRehman-ov7bl Thank you kindly =)

[@K4pitell]

Thanks a lot for this lesson !

[@arjunjaiswal9851]

Now this is what i call quality education..you nailed it sir 😊😊😊

[@romualdwawszczak5859]

Your course is absolutely THE BEST!!! 1. I tried many of other tutorials and nobody could so thoroughly and clearly explain different aspects of networking as you 2. I am not native English speaker but I have no problems with understanding everything 3. I will recommend your tutorial to many people 4. I am curious about the technical aspect of how the bits are actually transmitted via different media ie. cables, fiber optics, electromagnetic waves. I tried to find something on the web or in books but nobody explains it so it is understandable at all for me. Maybe you wold prepare some material about it? 5. I am going to see all your films Kind Regards

[@PracticalNetworking]

Hi Romuald! Thank you for the kind note! 1. Glad to hear you enjoyed this content =). 2. Excellent, very happy I could help! 3. Thank you SO much for your support, it's greatly appreciated 4. I wrote a blog article about how bits are transmitted on Ethernet wiring here, if it helps: www.practicalnetworking.net/stand-alone/ethernet-wiring/ 5. Yay, hope you enjoy those as much as you've enjoyed this series. Cheers, Romuald. Thank you again for the kind note =)

[@philipmurray5380]

This course was outstanding! You didn't hand-wave once, and it is abundantly clear that your content knowledge is superior. The Richard Feynmann-like clarity and simplicity in which you present the material reflects both a superb comprehension of the material as well as a deep understanding of why the material is so confusing (e.g. routing table vs. ARP table, IP address vs. mac address, DNS vs. ARP etc.). Thank you!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Whoa, I'm humbled to be compared to Richard Feynmann =) Thank you so much for the kind words and the comparison to one of my heros ;). I'm thrilled you're enjoying this series. You're VERY welcome, and thank you again =)

[@christopherramos8263]

You explained better than the Cisco Acadamy course, thank you so much.

[@seyed.ehsan.hosseini]

Wow, thank you for this great content! The way you explain these concepts is so perfect 👌🏻.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you, Seyed =). Glad you enjoyed it.

[@hanahmariechejerla7025]

This is by far the most clear and easy to understand videos I have watched. I am a beginner and I have watched dozens of videos on Networking. I am very easily able to follow and understand this. Thank you so much! GREAT CONTENT!

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're very welcome, Hanah. Thank you for the kind words. Could you do me a favor? Do you mind sharing this video on Linked In, Reddit, Twitter, Facebook, or any other social media you use? As an independent creator, that would be an _enormous_ help, and I would appreciate it _greatly_ .

[@hanahmariechejerla7025]

@@PracticalNetworking Yes, I will do that. I have already previously shared with a few friends 😊

[@PracticalNetworking]

@@hanahmariechejerla7025 Thank you for your support =)

[@vladislavkaras491]

Thank you for such practical examples!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Cheers Vlad. Thank you for all your support. Glad you enjoyed this series !

[@RowenaReddragon]

you are such a fantastic teacher! really grateful. thank you so much🙏🙏🙏

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're very welcome, Luxilitarian!

[@mohammedatif7306]

You'r style of explanation is just so simple that it makes me cry, and lets me expect to get a job in IT field without any hustle. thank you may Allah bless you for you'r kindness .

[@djjayem100]

Bravo! Thanks so much!

[@scottulrich9133]

Finally found the content and effective instruction on video! AAAA++++

[@wwolfram33]

Useful information presented in a clear manner. Great information, thank you!

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome again, Ward =). Glad you enjoyed the Router videos! You might also enjoy the rest of the series: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi

[@dianamarin927]

Thank you for your work. Keep it going because you are so helpful!!!!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you, Diana. Glad you are enjoying it. Hope you enjoy the rest of the videos in this series: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi

[@thebestgameplayerinrobloxy4978]

You are an amazing teacher. Thank you. This is my first time learning networking (in lesson 5 module 1) and I really understand all the concepts I went through so far. And that is credit to your super teaching skills. Thank you again.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thanks for the kind words =). Glad you enjoyed this video. Hope you enjoyed the rest of the series as much as this video =).

[@aireddy]

Learning networking concepts is very interesting to me, Thank you for sharing detailed information.

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're very welcome =). Thanks again, Surender!

[@tariqsaeed-TS]

Excellent and simple explanation of such a complex concept, i would say. Really appreciate

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you, Tariq!

[@akshayjadhav5150]

Thank you for this beautiful video..

[@robloxgodguy4850]

good content, great way of teaching...

[@scottspa74]

Great video. t helped toward a fuller understanding of a specific question I had regarding next-hop address/exit int.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Awesome =). Still have in mind to create a video discussing next hop interface vs next-hop IP address. It's on my list =)

[@mahuubao]

Excellent ... well done ...

[@jawadelmokhliss2321]

Thanks, very useful

[@dres3280]

As a visual learner, I found this to be straightforward and has allowed me to more easily conceptualize the concept of routers.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Excellent. Glad it helped, Dre =)

[@NedumEze]

So, so good and clear. Thanks Bro

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Adolf =)

[@jessicakorubo2807]

Love this video

[@sandesharyal5103]

very clear explanation, well done.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you enjoyed it, Sandesh!

[@lemimir5656]

Hey man, thank you for the effort you put in these video, I assure you they are very helpful. I'll be waiting for the video on protocols! :)

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you for the kind words, Le Mimir =). The protocols video is out! Whole series is available here: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi

[@mittenwald3679]

network chad , thank you !

[@shmoraos]

great teacher, lucid explanation. thanks

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you for the kind words. You're verywelcome.

[@Galaxy-qb1wc]

Thank you!! for this very beneficial important video

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Romero =)

[@alexandrkovalsky1711]

great video!

[@IliyaDamyanov]

Very good video.

[@amenbekele6128]

You are amazing!

[@TimTheTall]

Love the orange lines.

[@allan1827]

Gold !

[@natarajkumar1989]

Kudos to you!

[@PracticalNetworking]

[@kunlesreviews]

Thank you so much for this clear expalnations

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome, Kunles.

[@user-qz8rn6qb9c]

thanks man great videos 👍❤!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thanks for watching!

[@AccessoRe]

Thank you for the breakdown of /24 matching the 1st 3 octets.😮

[@omkargadave1089]

❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤I need this type video sir.....thanks for creating this helping content.......🙏🙏🙏🙏

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're very welcome, Omkar =)

[@AliTwaij]

Wow brilliant thankyou for this.

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're very welcome.

[@mihiragrawal1870]

This is extremely valuable content

[@PracticalNetworking]

Agreed ;).

[@jairunet]

Excellent explanation, clear, concise, and to the point, keep it up my friend, still hoping for a series explaining BGP from zero to hero ;-) all the very best.

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thanks again Jair =). Duly noted re: BGP =)

[@LostedMissed-sf6wx]

this is my fav course i have heard, i just want to ask can you please publish these videos's slides in a link after each video, please this will help me understand more clearly @Practical Networking

[@The_Incredulous_1]

Hello, I thought your series Networking Fundamentals was amazing. I wish I had discovered them sooner. Thanks!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you for the kind words =) And thank you for supporting this channel, those are both very much appreciated =)

[@telegrmmemsghelp5867]

So amazing

[@calmprotector2593]

Thanks!

[@JCarey1988]

I just passed ITF+, and I think this is great!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Congrats on ITF+ =). Glad you enjoyed this series.

[@antifics]

Muchisimas Gracias

[@PracticalNetworking]

You're welcome =)

[@boratube998]

Thank you

[@halefomhagos7605]

great job'

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you!

[@tylernervig9614]

So you have only done one module??? These videos are so good and I am learning from them so easily. I was totally hoping that I would be able to continue, as I am studying for my CCNA. I would have paid and everything!

[@PracticalNetworking]

That's kind of you to say, Tyler. Yes, at the moment only one video was created. I was going to see how much the YT algorithm favored these videos and it doesn't seem it has as much as other content. =/ Still hoping that changes.

[@tylernervig9614]

@@PracticalNetworking OK I hear that. So I just finished all of the lessons. What do you recommend I use next to continue my study so I can eventually take the CCNA?

[@PracticalNetworking]

@@tylernervig9614 I'd point you to all my CCNA content at this link: www.practicalnetworking.net/index/ccna/ Good luck w/ the CCNA!

[@md2v4]

I almost cried, definitely teared up

[@PracticalNetworking]

;)

[@ciscobatais6530]

awesome

[@PracticalNetworking]

[@heferh4320]

Can you make videos about a wireless network? Great content btw :)

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thanks HeferH. I'm not a Wireless expert. There are probably better resources for learning Wireless =).

[@AlexBertuna-jv9ve]

This info is incredible thank you so much! One question, I'm super new to this whole world and struggling to understand how data could travel from Tokyo to New York on a router but not through the internet? What am I missing here?

[@PracticalNetworking]

This would be contained in the field/category known as "WAN Connections" -- it could be a private line, it could be a private path leased through ISPS, or it could be a VPN creating a secure tunnel through the Internet. The details and intricacies are deeper than I wanted to go at this point in the series =).

[@rchn9953]

12:12 Regarding data from New York to Tokyo, R4 can forward data to an ISP router or the dedicated line to R5. Are there any overriding benefits of having a costly dedicated line for such distance?

[@Sandeep-tv1px]

Hi, Great explanation :) I have a question. Why do routers use Routing Tables to forward packets. Can routers use the A.R.P. table to forward the packets?

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you enjoyed it! ARP Tables only account for directly connected devices, not devices in foreign network. To see what I mean, see the video just before this one in the series: kzbin.info/www/bejne/e6GQqZJsoMyagaM

[@marks209]

If a switch is used to establish a connection within a network and routers are a part of a network does that mean that a switch would be utilized to connect two routers when the routers are connect in a line/linearly for example R2 and R1 from the video

[@PracticalNetworking]

Yes, absolutely =)

[@filipzdravkovic7134]

Ed do you plan on doing a series about VPNs ?

[@PracticalNetworking]

I expect to cover some VPN information in the full course, yes.

[@rezwarrior615]

Bro I feel bamboozled I bought the networking course and after 2 years its still under construction

[@amenbekele6128]

I am preparing for my CCNA, and I am preparing for Netowrk fundamentals from this playlist, do you think that is enough or do you recommend me smth, Ed ?

[@amenbekele6128]

I just disconvered your CCNA index - Thats Amazing!

[@joen3098]

Thanks Ed. May i ask a stupid questions? How does it even possible that R4 will be connected to R5? One in NY and one in Tokyo... it is too far, i thought in order them to talk they have to talk through routers on the internet? so in 6:50 and 3:45 i dont understand how they talk to each other and not talking through the internet? And why isn't a router on the internet is found on the routing table of R4 and R5? why isn't the routing table of R5 and R4 isn't a router that found on the internet? Sorry for the questions. You are the best

[@PracticalNetworking]

Hi Joe. All that is covered in a category of connectivity methods known as "WAN Technologies" (Wide-Area-Network Technologies). It's deeper than I meant to get at this particular point. But to give a simple answer, the connection from R4 to R5 (NY to Tokyo) would likely still cross the Internet via VPN tunnels, or possibly dedicated lines serviced through an ISP. Hope this helps!

[@joen3098]

@@PracticalNetworking It did help. Thank you so much Sir. You are so kind

[@joao_ssouza]

I read that a router has 3 MAC addresses, one for local networks, another one for wireless networks and the last one for WAN. If this is right, I suppose that the Default Route is mapped to the WAN interface, right?

[@PracticalNetworking]

A router will have a MAC for each Interface... so if it has 3 interfaces (WAN/LAN/Wireless), then yes, it will have 3 MACs. ANd yes, typically the Default Route points "northbound" -- towards the Internet.

[@karthikbethoju]

Your explanation is awesome . Where can I find Module 2 of this series ?

[@PracticalNetworking]

Glad you've enjoyed it, Karthik. Module 2 hasn't been created yet. Only module 1: kzbin.info/aero/PLIFyRwBY_4bRLmKfP1KnZA6rZbRHtxmXi

[@karthikbethoju]

@@PracticalNetworking will be waiting for the module 2 !

[@PracticalNetworking]

@@karthikbethoju More details here: www.practicalnetworking.net/index/networking-fundamentals-how-data-moves-through-the-internet/

[@Poiuytrew-uq7dl]

1. I’m new at this, so I’m sorry if the question is too basic, but R4 and R5 are directly connected while also being connected to the internet. How can it be possible if one is in NY and the other in Tokio? Direct connection via optical fiber? DC via satellite with the satellite functioning as a repeater? One or both of routers being virtual (if that exists)? 2. Thank you very much for the course 3. Suggestion: black background :)

[@PracticalNetworking]

Good question =). The answer is what falls underneath "WAN Technologies" where you connect to an ISP, and they "do some magic" and it appears to the Router as a direct physical connection from one site (NY) to another (Tokyo). It's a deeper topic than I wanted to get into in this series, but if you want to look up more info, look up Site to Site tunnels, MPLS, SD-WAN, and DMVPN. (fair warning, it gets pretty technical pretty quick) Glad you enjoyed the course =). Noted about the suggestion. Thank you.

[@kirillkir6268]

top

[@Rajvtube]

could you help me visualise, how a Tier 1 ISP is connected to other countries?

[@jef_fyba5559]

Do we still need routers when using vlan?

[@PracticalNetworking]

Yes, Routers move data between networks. Regardless of whather those networks use VLANs or no. More details here: www.practicalnetworking.net/stand-alone/routing-between-vlans/

[@karrouchekarrouche1151]

Could someone explains to me this. As the R5 cant go directly to R4 and has to go trough the internet to get to it (to R4) how can we program R5 routing table to have R4 in it (R5 Routing table)⁉❔❓⁉⁉

[@justinava1675]

Can you do a series of how to implement: 1. STP 2. Etherchannel 3. Switchport security

[@PracticalNetworking]

STP is on my list for sure. The other two as well, but maybe less so. I've been thinking of doing a "Timeless CCNA" series -- topics that will likely always be on the CCNA... thoughts?

[@justinava1675]

@@PracticalNetworking can you do TCP all of the steps and flags as well? Like[ urg, ack, push, reset,syn, finish] My friend tried to go through those steps during the tcp handshake. As a Sip request is sent and how the Network Roundtrip time and server round trip can be seen between Sip request->serverAck And sip request ack->data Ack. I heard understanding the tcp handshake and the flags throughout is really beneficial. What are your thoughts? I still dont fully understand

[@PracticalNetworking]

@@justinava1675 I'll certainly cover all that when i cover TCP. I have a way of teaching TCP that people tend to really like. I'd be fun to create videos from that strategy.

[@justinava1675]

@@PracticalNetworking thanks man I been going over your everything devices do yo communicate over the internet video daily to get the logic stuck in my head. You're the man.

[@cyberghost_01]

There is a ccna course made by you?

[@lancekraakman1427]

Thanks!

[@PracticalNetworking]

Thank you, Lance, for helping support this channel. Your Super Thanks Donation is greatly appreciated =) (sorry it took so long to get back to you, btw!)