Primitive Technology: Geopolymer Cement (Ash and Clay)

[@primitivetechnology9550]

As pointed out by some viewers on my previous cement videos, this material is probably more of a geopolymer than a calcium based cement, or possibly a mix of the two types, based on the materials that are known to be in wood ash and clay. In any case, it's a material that sets after as little as 6 hours and won't dissolve in water afterwards. All three methods shown here will work, the key being that the ash needs to be heated to about 800c plus with lots of oxygen. This was demonstrated by the uncalcined ash sample dissolving, because it was from an ordinary fire that didn't get hot enough to calcine the ash.

[@Tvalfager]

have you tried leaving it in a running brook to see how it stands up to running water?

[@finnpalm9951]

@primitivetechnology9550 I believe I've read somewhere that leaf wood ash mixed with water becomes very caustic. Did you consider this? What type of wood did you use? And, if leaf wood, did you notice any ill effects on your hands?

[@primitivetechnology9550]

@@Tvalfager I have done in the past and it works the same. Thanks.

[@cameroneast8597]

Did you have to get a special camera to withstand the heat of the fire? Some of those shots look like they should be melting the lens lol

[@TannerCoIin]

You're a prehistoric scientist in a bushlab. Thanks for your discoveries

[@dylearium]

I don't quite understand how watching a person work their ass off can be so relaxing - but this channel continues to be absolutely sublime

[@jamieflame01]

I think it's the shear simplicity of technology. What is in an average human hands can create civilisation.

[@DaMarin94]

The fact that there's no music or intros or any distracting sht (as in 99% of content we see these days), for me that makes a lot of that relaxing feeling.

[@torchris1]

It’s because he’s doing something real! Not stuck in front of a screen all day answering Slack messages or reading emails! It’s a radical act to do something real. Not sure what it says about me watching this.

[@cmdraftbrn]

@@torchris1 its a radical act just to observe.

[@Timedelayedfuse]

It's not only relaxing, informative and wholesome, but a brief reprieve from all things modern and a glimpse into simpler times.

[@pogostix6097]

I love how the channel started out as "how to build a survival shelter" and is now "SCIENCE IN THE JUNGLE!" with well documented experiments for others to try out and collaborate on. Makes me want to go out and do clever things with rocks and sticks.

[@JulienReszka]

It always was well documented go to his blog

[@busletic]

He's a real life Dr. Stone!

[@TonkarzOfSolSystem]

Excuse me in Australia we call it the "bush".

[@ColePanike]

​@@TonkarzOfSolSystemExcuse me, in 'Murica "the bush" isn't a place to get clever with rocks and sticks. 😳

[@chillyavian7718]

@@ColePanikeprim’ tech is Australian

[@kevinstoneburner1116]

I love how this is an exposition on scientific process research and development as it would be done under primitive conditions without the benefit of quantitative measuring methods, and relying solely upon qualitative results. This is experimental archaeology gold right here.

[@gazeboist4535]

I love that we get occasional asides from the technical work. "Cement, cement, cement ... By the way, this is a friend. Cement, cement, cement..."

[@theargonaught44]

i loved the lizard too

[@mrdeanvincent]

Also the ciggie butt 😂

[@christopherstein2024]

🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤🤤 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 And we will go and test the new cement🌊🧱 But first I must show you I found a friend!🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎 Cement🧱Cement🧱Ce-ment🧱 This is a friend 🦎

[@IamSamisMe]

Best thing about his videos is the random cutaways to whatever he happens to find. Random lizard? Cool. Crab he found in the river? Nice.

[@boredincan]

It was a tame lizard, thank you very much

[@IamSamisMe]

@@boredincan Ah, yes, my mistake. A TAME lizard he found.

[@Youp1e]

@@IamSamisMe The lizard found him.

[@Jason-pw8yp]

​@@Youp1ethey're neighbors

[@budbutterson9577]

​@@Jason-pw8yp They're roommates

[@tripwire3992]

I will never ever unsubscribe from this channel. Probably the only non fake primitive tech related channel

[@heidineef6918]

Gesiþas Gewissa is also pretty historic. His videos are all based on Anglo-Saxon technology around 660 AD. But these two are the only truly legit ones I've found.

[@ReidvinK]

@@heidineef6918 thanks for the recommendation

[@DefaultFlame]

I think Primitive Life is also legit. You get to see him do almost all of the work, and what he makes is impressive but small in scale and takes a long, long time. 3 years since last upload, though.

[@raemckay]

Three things: First, a reminder to everyone that John puts captions on all his videos to describe his processes. Make sure they're switched-on to understand his vids! Second - I've been re-watching the last several videos to try to understand what happened to the ash-insulated furnace from several videos back. You demolished a brick furance to build it, but it seems like the brick furnace is back? Third - Is there an advantage to sometimes have a wide-mouthed nozzle in your forge and sometimes a flat-mouthed nozzle? If not, it would seem to me the flat-mouthed nozzle should be default, so you can always have the option to use the clay mold when forging your iron ingots. This channel is exceptional and I can't get enough. Thank you!

[@primitivetechnology9550]

I demolished it out cause it took up too much room and I'm considering testing different furnaces now. The wide mouthed nozzle is for insitu casting of iron in a mold, the air needs to spread out over the width of the mold hence the shape. The narrow nozzle gives more penetration into the fuel bed which may be better for bloom formation during smelting (not casting). Thanks!

[@punch1t]

For the third point i think i can answer that: The biggest difference between wide-mouthed and flat-mouthed is where you want the oxygen to be concentrated. If you use the wide-mouthed you get a more even distribution of oxygen on the whole fuel while the flat-mouthed focuses on a specific area. if you want even temperature then you go with the wide, if you want high temperature you want to go with the flat. at least thats what i think is happening, if someone knows the science of it they can correct me.

[@margeryk000]

Thanks! The subtitle info helps a lot.

[@OnLowBattery]

When I first realized he had captions my mind was blown

[@hetrodoxlysonov-wh9oo]

@@primitivetechnology9550 I really enjoy you're videos, just a suggestion and i know it will take a lot of effort, make a hammer.

[@MrCleks]

7:31 "Ash Clinker on Grate" is such a fire piece of modern art concept I can't even

[@thestigisaspy9090]

I see what you did there...

[@Innuya]

I liked its sequel better

[@soawesome121]

it's the oldest art known

[@keenanpepper]

@@Innuya you mean 9:05 "Calcined Clinker"?

[@Innuya]

@@keenanpepper 7:51 clinker in furnace on grate

[@one_b]

Dunno if anyone else has ever said this by my kids (7 and 5) love watching your videos over and over. The 7 year old is reading now so she turns on the subtitles and tries to understand. Wife got me your book to show support. My house loves what you do.

[@debbiej.2168]

You're going to have some smart kids!

[@Nixdb]

Subtitles! I never knew!

[@Freeman-Dl70]

​@Nixdb When you pause the video, touch the cc to use closed captioning.

[@cap2c484]

I think he clearly wants to show people that the most important skill in primitive survival is being able to make fire. Even though he's done it many times he tends to show the whole process.

[@nvanderhoff]

The speed of it is also a reason to watch and be impressed

[@sambrobst6852]

Maybe I'm gaslighting myself, but I feel like he's mentioned somewhere (comments, reddit AMA, idk) that people really like that he shows the fire, and get annoyed when he cuts it out of videos. So he keeps it for the audience

[@Newt2799]

I believe he also does it to show he’s doing all this for real. A lot of the primitive technology copycat channels use modern technology behind the scenes and edit their videos to make it look like they’re doing everything by hand. Showing the unedited fire starting reaffirms that’s he’s a real one

[@de0509]

Bro, if I can make fire without a lighter Im showing to people everytime

[@Isnogood12]

And I always watch him do it. Out of respect for his skill, and for the thousands of generations of humanity before me who huddled together in cold and wet.

[@Nighthawkinlight]

Yes! Can't wait to see what else you've come up with about this stuff. I was not disappointed! Reducing the need for fired material by using 75% sand is a big improvement.

[@primitivetechnology9550]

Much appreciated. The sand isn't as strong as the fired clay though, I'm working on simplifying the process and scaling it up.

[@Rob-rr4yp]

​@@primitivetechnology9550Could you try a mix? To save some on fired clay but still get some bulk out of sand

[@wedding_photography]

@@primitivetechnology9550 That sand looked very dirty. Maybe it's sand and mud mixed? Maybe wash the sand first?

[@COBARHORSE1]

​@@primitivetechnology9550I think your sand needs to be washed. Looks like a lot of organic stuff in the sand. Or it could just be that your sand just looks like that.

[@benjaminmiller3620]

@@wedding_photography Yeah. Builder here; A small amount of contamination can weaken mortar or concrete a lot. Each mud particle is a tiny cleavage plane.

[@bananachild1936]

From stones to the magic of science and chemistry. This man has single-handedly been recreating the evolution of human technology consistently since 2015 and is not showing any signs of stopping until he's constructed and declared a new whole ass country.

[@JohnyBurningson]

one day he gonna make a video on primitive politics

[@LordHoth_90]

@@JohnyBurningson “oonga bonga, no taxes or me smash with club”

[@1darkthought]

He'll need to have progressed to at least a blunderbuss for when the tasmainian devils attack

[@justtekina6709]

im not the only one hoping to see that happen

[@Hugh_Jasz]

@@LordHoth_90 No trug on grug

[@XanSteel]

As someone who works in the concrete industry, the ash you are making is a variation on Flyash with is made by burning coal. Mixing in sand and various rocks sizes can make things even stronger.

[@Boydar]

I like how you always show yourself starting a fire. Other "primitive technology" channels would make a cut and light the fire with a lighter. Your dedication is amazing!

[@zankfrappa93]

everything stops when a primitive technology video is uploaded

[@ProvenParadox]

This is what is actually happening when you're researching a new technology in a strategy game. The game just shows a bar filling up, but in the background there's someone in your settlement doing this kind of thing and sharing the results.

[@MexoOne]

This "someone" is just watching John's video. And the bar is the video timeline. XD

[@jeffreystephens2658]

@@MexoOne Only if you're playing The Sims. :)

[@kevinscales]

@@MexoOne In Project Zomboid you get to be the guy watching the videos

[@adilliosz]

Age of empires

[@goododays1812]

Minecraft/dont starve?

[@kiltmaster7041]

30 seconds old, and the video's already at several hundred views. Dude's got a dedicated following, that's for sure.

[@Tomartyr]

1 min and at 1000

[@acxrn]

3 min, 3700 views and 650 likes

[@tcollier4017]

automatic like as soon as the video starts

[@oberonpanopticon]

According to modern KZbin commenting, it would appear that he fell on.

[@amogusenjoyer]

Is this the counter trend to the "0sec 0 views you fell off?". Damn that was fast

[@qalak7782]

I love how he starts the video by reminding everyone that he's the GOAT and just makes fire with his bare hands

[@michaeltorrisi7289]

Right? I get that he doesn't live in the bush full time, and so this is more re-enactment of survival living, but I think most sane people would just keep a fire going at all times so they have access to it for starting new fires. Could make for an interesting project, some kind of water wheel attached to clay gears to dump a log on the fire every 2-3 hours. That'd be something I'd want to do if I were stuck in the wilderness forever.

[@thejbo777]

He ALWAYS shows the entire process of starting the fire too.

[@seditt5146]

@@michaeltorrisi7289 You build a semicircle holder for logs. As one burns the next falls in its place. I forget what they are called but used to be common for keeping fires going for long times. Basically acts as an autofeeder.

[@marsovac]

to make fire with bare hands you need to be a wizard, he did it with a stick :P

[@aronweiss]

So many times when I turn on your videos, I make it nearly to the end before I realize I never turned on the subtitles. So I have an amazing excuse to watch it all over again. The way you film and cut your work tells the story perfectly. I find your work incredible!

[@AlyxForest]

He COULD start each video with a fire already lit. He COULD use a firebow for an easier start. But he doesn't. The dedication to starting from scratch each time really shows how much effort he puts into it, and it's brilliant.

[@boredincan]

He said that the maintenance on the fire bow isn't worth the labour saving of the bow. Especially in sub tropical QLD, the string needs constant replacement, for example

[@AlyxForest]

@@boredincan Ah, I must have missed that then. I suppose it does make sense.

[@OctavioMovies]

From what I understand, once you master friction fire its just easier and more convenient than any other method at this tech level. The footage is not sped up, it just takes him 1 minute to make the fire.

[@hechetonchieres]

He's a pro at it and look how long it takes him, normal people don't stand a chance.

[@sealpiercing8476]

For his particular skillset the stick in socket method is actually the lazy way :P

[@ded_lej]

tame lizard cameo, truly an icon by any measure

[@Vincent-S]

Setting the one pellet out on the windowsill like a pie made me laugh hard

[@bradleyakulov3618]

He found out that they are not eatable the hard way and now he never smiles.

[@Nayr86]

Don't eat potash 🥧

[@Nayr86]

@@nb6175 😂

[@Texan_BoyKisser]

@@bradleyakulov3618 Edible, they are eatable.

[@Huy0035]

I came here for the comments. You guys did not disappoint.

[@vladdracula2643]

I love this channel, no talking, no cringe, no wasted time. Just a man, living.

[@Dwizard3415]

Do you perhaps know about the captions?

[@jenesisjones6706]

@@Dwizard3415 I know about the captions...but I prefer it without... been watching since the first one...he is my favourite KZbinr...and fellow Aussie

[@nikolai3620]

This man and his channel are such a treasure. Often imitated but never duplicated.

[@Alloran]

Aaaaand the Mud Mage Supreme is at it again with more mud science. I seriously love the time you spend showing us the power of dirt my man.

[@Warp9pnt9]

Mud Mage Chronicles

[@phil.s3713]

The world is better with you in it. Your content always brings peace of mind, no matter how busy life gets. Thank you.

[@TheRavenBird]

“Honey! Turn the TV on! The nature dude’s here!” Love your videos!!

[@xRamada]

'honey! come quick, I'm shooting mad ropes!'

[@knifin_around]

Quiet down son, you're 36

[@5pastseven]

more like "turn the TV *OFF* !"

[@todo9633]

John Primitive has been getting pretty buff recently. His crayfish traps have been paying off!

[@linuxstreamer8910]

for me this are very calming videos no voice over & music just a dude making stuff & using cc to explain things is a great touch

[@CreatorCade]

It really helps to turn on captions for this to really get an idea of what he's doing.

[@mikamekaze]

I love when you have a cutaway to show us a neat little critter. Always brightens my day.

[@lenhister]

I love how he always shows the full length it takes to start a fire.

[@paulieplayspoorly]

I love how he doesn't mind showing if he fails at it. None of this "Here's one I made earlier" bull.

[@bmw328igearhead]

Biggie Smalls had a quote for times like this. "If you don't know, now you know...."

[@DH-xw6jp]

A minute and a half to go from nothing to flame is impressive as heck. The few times I have tried the fire drill method (or even the bow drill) it took me over two minutes to bearly get a wisp of smoke, never got flame.

[@ganjalfcreamcorn8438]

@@bmw328igearhead well go on. finish the lyric lol

[@CycloneSP]

I think that might be due to the fake copy cats that were a problem a while back. they'd pretend to do what he does, but cheat off camera, all for that sweet sweet ad revenue :/ iirc, a while back some interviewer asked him about it, and he said to watch how they start a fire, as that is the easiest way to tell if they're being fake or not.

[@roadtriiip]

i love how he puts his ratios into actual little pie chart shapes, it's satisfying

[@ceeezer]

Thanks for not faking your vids unlike all the other copycats on KZbin

[@Brando5567]

For all the new people, turn on Closed Captions. He gives details

[@TheZoneTakesYou]

Imagine watching years of his content with nothing but jungle noise for context

[@F14thunderhawk]

alternatively never use CC, only watch and then read

[@silverlining5096]

I generally keep them off because my autistic brain loves solving how things work (I’m also a visual learner it takes me longer to read), however I did need to turn it on this time like half way through the video and start over because I had no idea what was happening

[@MrLurker906]

Something I would love to see is an attempt to make glazed pottery from wood ash. Your large pottery has lasted for so long now, and I think a glazed bowl or jar would look amazing. I'm not sure what all would need to be required outside of a furnace and a glazing solution from wood ash.

[@jacobms911]

Woo! New Primitive Technology. It's a good day 🙂

[@asmobiusinfinitum7899]

I gasped and it was an instant mood changer... .you are not wrong!!

[@TannerCoIin]

I've just blazed a fat one and am ready for bed. The universe provides

[@cozname397]

There's still sane people in the world who build useful skill sets!

[@brianmylesrothstein7660]

Right? I'm in the middle of Finals, and I stopped halfway through a timed quiz to watch this. Priorities, I guess

[@kenkarsonn]

The timing of this upload is nothing short of prophetic - I’ve been wanting to experiment with homemade bricks/cement ever since watching your previous videos on them! And what’s more, this new video provided new information about the process that I hadn’t considered.

[@williamred1]

Man I have been watching your videos for years and I love how you are not entirely following the path our civilization has left behind but rather adding to that primitive curiosity which serves as a simulation of where yours or anyone else's path could of lead us. Earth being the Control in your experiment, might lead you exactly where we are today, but your findings are definitely a refresher, a monolith deserving of admiration that bridges todays disconnection of who we are. My identity and what it means to be human, is restored with every one of your videos that I watch. Thank you.

[@micromashington]

He returns when we needed him the most

[@FishMcFish420]

"a tame lizard" i seriously started going "YEAAAAH! YEAAAAAAAAH!" when i saw that lil fella

[@AR-ml9eo]

In the next video he's going to demonstrate how to milk a lizard, and to make lizard-milk cheese!

[@sirexilon49]

​@@AR-ml9eo We probably won't see him do that, since lizards aren't mammals and thus don't produce milk.

[@TheBrickWhisperer]

@@sirexilon49 you must be fun at parties

[@AR-ml9eo]

@@sirexilon49 - Really? Gee. Thanks. 🙄

[@dryued6874]

@@sirexilon49 Bigger lizards have mammaries. Xcom wouldn't lie to me.

[@Red-mg4ro]

Wikipedia: "Geopolymers are inorganic, typically ceramic-like, materials that form covalently bonded, non-crystalline networks." Me: "Ah. Of course. So this is going to be used on his spaceship?"

[@lifewuzonceezr]

At least his Earthship lol

[@bbd121]

He needs to research electricity first.

[@DH-xw6jp]

That description really does sound ridiculously sci-fi.

[@JanTuts]

Looking forward to "Primitive Space Program"

[@jackhazardous4008]

​@bbd121 he's pretty far from micro-electronics, nevermind fabrication.

[@Andrey_Akimov99]

Твои ролики - прямо как бальзам на душу, очень успокаивают и помогают абстрагироваться от всех новостей, и ты отлично делаешь это, как и многие подобные выживальщики-ютуберы. Лайк и уважение твоим роликам, ибо ты умеешь нас отвлечь от всего своим контентом строительства и выживания.

[@justglenc]

The only legit primitive tech channel that I'm glued to instead of the Kobelco excavated BS found elsewhere. Thank you for sharing your hardwork.

[@methridge]

"Polymer" is not a word I'd ever thought I'd see on this channel, but here we are. I should not be surprised.

[@kevinb6021]

It's funny, technically the seasoning of a cast iron pan is a polymer. They're more common and less technologically advanced than you'd think.

[@Isnogood12]

@@kevinb6021 You might be only thinking about synthetic polymers. "Polymer" means any substance with large clumps of molecules in it. Cellulose, DNA, hemp, shellac, amber, wool, silk, and natural rubber are all polymers.

[@noob19087]

​@@Isnogood12Is DNA really a polymer though? I thought polymers were composed of monomers, but DNA is composed of 4 different base pairs.

[@Isnogood12]

@@noob19087 DNA is often used as the very definition of a biopolymer. It contains multiple repeating units (monomers) that we call nucleotids, but also contains deoxyribose sugar and a phosphoric acid group, so it's actually 6 different molecules forming a polymer. Polymer is a really fancy word for a really simple thing (molecules grouping together to make a bigger molecule) and almost everything in a biological setting is a polymer, including proteins, carbohydrates and lipids.

[@noob19087]

@@Isnogood12 Sure. For the record I'm not debating you, just asking. You seem much more informed than me. I'm a material chemist myself, so I'm not into the bio side of things. I thought DNA wouldn't qualify because it's not really a material, it's code. I'm sure binary computer code isn't a "digipolymer" either.

[@Benuendo]

Every time Primitive Technology uploads a new video, I give it a Like first and then watch it later with captions on.

[@TheDuckAndRogerTheHorse]

He's not changed his MO one bit to his credit. OG this guy.

[@Isteak80]

This series has made me realize that material science is a lot more fascinating than I would think it was just at first glance. Especially with this showing where the roots of it came from.

[@Maxakari]

I like watching both sometimes with subtitles, and sometimes without. I like watching before bed, because the videos are relaxing to me. Also, I like the nature sounds etc.

[@l0ck3er]

Cement era has started!

[@linkx3r031]

i just wanna say man, this is your BEST video yet! (imo), been watchin u since basically the beginning of the channel for so many years now. much love

[@evankimori]

I'll say one thing: this man's videos always make me set up like I'm gonna watch a good movie. Good, hot cuppa coffee, fullscreen mode, 1080p, headphones in to hear the background ASMR of him working and the noises of the animals.

[@idonomaeatomoku9322]

Very nice. An old Chinese recipe that is said to be used by giants is to use wood ash, lime, clay, sugar, aggregate, and blood, to make stone.

[@Brunoki22]

If the Earth ever goes kaboom and I had only one choice of KZbin channel to keep after the internet goes off, it would be this one. There's just so many interesting tips and instructions here, and they are laid out in a very nice way: a new one every each video. Moreover, the sounds of nature in the background and the shuffling of things being the only sounds there are, are such a chill vibe. I could watch this channel for hours after the apocalypse.

[@Dondlo46]

I just got back in nature with 2 friends and it was the most memorable moment of the year, we're going 3rd time and going to build a bridge soon lol.

[@dronko-fire-blaster]

nice, we built a bridge across small stream, its been there for years, and done some maintenance a few times, there are people that actually think the park put it there.

[@Shua99]

Always get a dopamine dump when I get a notification of a new video from you. Love the channel and the content!

[@lifewuzonceezr]

Same I was having an anxious day and poof..all is calm

[@youngkim5909]

If i may suggest, heat the wood ash and clay to get something closer to cement. Cement is made of calcium silicates, you got the calcium from the wood ash (Calcium carbonate), silica from clay (Silicon dioxide)(crush it into powder). Mix those two and heat to1450 celsius. Tumbling them while heating would help a lot (aka rotary kiln). The Calcium will ditch the carbonate and bind with the Silicon instead creating Ca3SiO5 and Ca2SiO4 and you should be able to unlock the next tech tree.

[@sssur32]

That's pretty hot. Maybe need some turbo bellows to get to 2642 F. :)

[@Finvaara]

It's hard to describe how much I enjoy this channel. I learn a lot from watching your work, but I also just really enjoy it.

[@EtherealWonders1216]

This guy is way to confident with his camera around fire... still love it

[@evolifesword5972]

In a few years time once he becomes an even greater primitive survivalist, I would love to see him on an Australian survival guide show.

[@danielpratt7373]

Even though you talk WAY TOO MUCH, this is still one of the best channels on ewetube. 😁👍❤️

[@Isnogood12]

He should basically use the "You talk too much! Homeboy, you never shut up" song to start off his vids.

[@userofthemind6913]

This is literally the only channel I have notifications turned on for lmao

[@EvanPederson]

One of only a couple for me.

[@dipu94321]

We should ever be so thankful for videos like these The art and science we are watching here, condenses tens of thousands of year's worth of knowledge, learnt by trial and error, primitive engineering, and a thirst for progress. This is just 11 minutes to us, but the knowledge of these have been discovered and passed down for 11,000 years Imagine how our ancestors would feel that we are recreating their discoveries, creating incredibly detailed and accurate recreations, for the world to see. It feels very awe inspiring if you think about it

[@primitive.and.ancient]

Wow, your experiment with wood ash cement is truly fascinating! Your detailed exploration into the chemical processes involved, from the potential geopolymer cement activation to the importance of calcining the ash at high temperatures, showcases a deep understanding of materials science. It's impressive to see how you've applied this knowledge practically, from forming pellets to testing different ash-to-clay ratios. Looking forward to seeing more of your innovative experiments!

[@jansenart0]

In America, the paths of "dirt" that baseball players run on is actually made of crushed brick. Made me nostalgic.

[@PendragonDaGreat]

No it's not. There was a time in the past this was somewhat common, but that is not the case anymore, and hasn't been for a long time. In 26/30 MLB ballparks (and a ton of minor league, college, and even municipal fields) the infield is from DuraEdge. Depending on the exact mix used it's ~25-40% clay and silt from a specific area in Pennsylvania blended with 60-75% local sand, this is not fired in any way. Some parks and stadiums do use a "calcined topdressing" to add an eighth to a quarter inch of top layer that is made up of fired clay. This can be done for absorbing standing water, or for other purposes. But it's not baked into bricks and broken down, so it's not "crushed brick".

[@NightKnight347]

Leave it to 21st century sport leagues to nitpick every detail and loose sight of the sport itself

[@EliteGoosePlusOne]

@@PendragonDaGreat "actually, it's not ice, it's frozen liquid!"

[@ryanm.191]

It’s kind of weird to think of this guy editing and uploading on a computer

[@oberonpanopticon]

no idiot he uploads to KZbin via smokesignal smh you can’t make a computer out of mud… /j

[@leondoor2]

Week on the city, weekend with the reals in the forest (the voices that urge me to restablish society after it fades out)

[@FriedNoodlee]

I like to think he sits at home shirtless and still caked in mud while editing.

[@JakeSlater3]

don't ruin it

[@bazzmond]

I bet he uses widows 98 :)

[@n0denz]

Whenever you make fire, I'm reminded of a line from William Blake's _The Tyger,_ "On what wings dare he aspire? What the hand, dare seize the fire?"

[@j_edwards6075]

I remember when I around 8-10 years old my brother and myself were messing around with the fire pit at our grandparents house and figured out how to make cement ourselves. Pretty cool little experiment for youngsters I must say.

[@joemcgee120]

I first started watching your videos in 2015, you inspired my first major uni project with your clay roof tiles and I'm still excited to see a new video pop up in my feed. One of the best content creators on the platform!

[@benhoward2619]

Now you just need to make a version of the furnace plate with different shaped holes, and put all of the geometric samples in the square hole. Then send it to the “it goes in the square hole!” woman.

[@harrysachz5408]

Shoot, if I ever find myself living in the forest, i'll be glad I found your channel.

[@fffffqlnbbb12]

this guy is still living in island for 10 years and no one send rescue to save him yet

[@kensonlama]

The consistent 1x speed shots of firemaking from two sticks in the latest views feels like such an OP flex. It is really amazing how quickly you can do it, and how much you have probably done it to this point. Such a true woodsman.

[@TheRealJulien]

I could not even really tell you what it is that draws me and made this one of the few channels I'm still following actively. Is it rediscovering old technology? Experimenting with the knowledge of our distant ancestors? Trial-and-error experiments based on best guesses and tenacity? An evident desire to understand and progress that is expressed in patience and hard work? Honestly, it is probably a mix of all of these and more. The calm tenacity that underlies all of your efforts is infectious and I am immensely grateful that you share your experiences like this because they deepen my appreciation and understanding of the earliest geniuses among our forefathers in a way I didn't think possible, and I hope that you continue to enjoy your steady progress across the centuries of early engineering and material research that are the foundation of our modern society.

[@asari999]

помню в детстве тоже лепили такие шарики из глины и на солнце ставили

[@RubenGarcia-pt8tp]

“Primitive technology: geopolyner cement” the second half of that sentence hit me like a brick not gonna lie

[@Stampede602]

What is up with KZbin? I usually see new videos the same day they are posted. I'm seeing this for the first time two weeks late!

[@miikareinikainen4050]

I think this was honestly your best video yet! Trying out different methods and ratios and showing the results was really interesting, and the tame lizard was also nice to see.

[@Squeaky_Ben]

I see you did not get swept away from that huge rainseason you had. Good to see you can make videos again. Hope you are enjoying yourself doing this, as much as I enjoy watching it!

[@Alfonso-bo7wp]

0:06 bro play this in 2x speed 😂

[@BREWSWILLIS-1988]

You know you can speed it up in the settings

[@Alfonso-bo7wp]

@@BREWSWILLIS-1988 how did you figure that i do not know that from my comment?

[@jfieqj]

This channel is one of the priceless jewels of KZbin.

[@kenshin304]

This whole channel is so peaceful and manly. Bro you deserve all the greatness.

[@adolfadolfius5586]

You have bricks, cement and roof tiles. Basically you can built a house with that, not only a hut. Amazing!

[@dwaynezilla]

Since the draft furnace ash can be used directly, that saves so much labor. And then concrete to follow saves even more. Pretty neat stuff!

[@RayZoR1987]

Have seen all his videos since the begnining of this channel and as a civil engineer, the progress this guy has made to now "unlock" Cement on a civilizational scale is truly astounding. And to see how cement is actually made in reality or how it came to be is really like a microwave "ding" going off in my brain LOL. Great going man!

[@thomasalphabeta345]

My civil friend. I right there with you. I got so excited when he called it clinker.

[@squidikka]

I love how he pulls out both the intact cube as well as the one that crumbled into dust to show us that that one had crumbled into dust.

[@andybtec]

You make friction fire starting look so easy! I really must try but in damp mid wales(uk) not sure it will go so well

[@EPearson07]

Stuff made here and primitive technology on the same day? What a treat

[@xin8992]

thank you so much sir for doing my request and showing not only the calcining but also other ways to create cement. I'm deeply interested in survival and given the state of the world right now, having this type of knowledge is like gold. again, thank you.

[@rokka7188]

Good work, I've been trying to mess around to make a natural clay crucible pot, with calcified/slaked lime and some ground up charcoal. Still drying, but have forgotten you could also use wood ash for this type of stuff. Maybe you could try experimenting grounding up dry-land rocks to add more 'grit' to pottery. I think grounded up oyster shells, kind of have similar effect to limestone. Not to mention asbestos (there was asbestos pottery ware even, good with metalwork supposedly), though probably not a good idea to breath in.

[@KT2585]

Walked into an outdoor store in Japan today, and was surprised to see your book sitting on the shelf! Totally in Japanese. I was like “hey…I know this guy”. Had to take a pic of it.

[@CrimsonSplatter]

you could use the Wood ash cement to form new tiles or bricks. Since it can weather against water, you could make it into pottery or a better sluice. But then again, you could make it into a furnace using just 6-7 cm thick bricks to allow you to save on resources. Perhaps a judge of what is the better material for forge making is in order?

[@AaronHendu]

I discovered this as a young boy playing with buckets and sticks. Ash and clay made a fine clay that survived firing and sitting out in the rain. It is pretty crumbly before fully drying though.

[@bleach8888]

Next video you should totally make a bioactive tank from nature for a lizard or fish. That'd be frickin awesome. Like use cement and sticks, and lead litter, plants, and a bunch of lifeforms. Even if you don't keep them, just doing it for the video would be totally worth it.

[@karlfichtenau5842]

Whenever a new video of primitive technology drops i immedieatly grab something nice to eat and drink to have a good time and relax. it always works. Tnanks man.

[@BobAsbury]

I love the way you used the pie chart to show the ratio you were using.

[@Colendro]

0:44 This is the absolute first video of yours that I spotted some sound strangeness going on. Don't know what it is, but it caught my attention. This is not meant as a critique or anything. Your videos have always been just perfect, for which I am always thankful!

[@natetallman]

1:47 that was a hard starting fire!

[@qpalzm12]

Here’s a reminder to you all that there’s always captions in these videos that goes into the specifics of what he’s doing.