🔧 Problem 1-25 & 1-50 Myzka MACHINES AND MECHANISMS Mobility Calculation Component Wear Tests 🔧

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MACHINES AND MECHANISMS
APPLIED KINEMATIC ANALYSIS
Fourth Edition
David H. Myszka
University of Dayton
Prentice Hall
Myszka, David H.
Machines and mechanisms : applied kinematic analysis / David H. Myszka.-4th ed.
In engineering, a mechanism is a device that transforms input forces and movement into a desired set of output forces and movement. Mechanisms generally consist of moving components which may include Gears and gear trains; Belts and chain drives; cams and followers; Linkages; Friction devices, such as brakes or clutches; Structural components such as a frame, fasteners, bearings, springs, or lubricants; Various machine elements, such as splines, pins, or keys.
German scientist Franz Reuleaux defines machine as "a combination of resistant bodies so arranged that by their means the mechanical forces of nature can be compelled to do work accompanied by certain determinate motion". In this context, his use of machine is generally interpreted to mean mechanism.
The combination of force and movement defines power, and a mechanism manages power to achieve a desired set of forces and movement.
A kinematic diagram reduces machine components to a skeleton diagram that emphasises the joints and reduces the links to simple geometric elements. This diagram can also be formulated as a graph by representing the links of the mechanism as edges and the joints as vertices of the graph. This version of the kinematic diagram has proven effective in enumerating kinematic structures in the process of machine design.[1]
An important consideration in this design process is the degree of freedom of the system of links and joints, which is determined using the Chebychev-Grübler-Kutzbach criterion.
A mechanism is usually a piece of a larger process, known as a mechanical system or machine. Sometimes an entire machine may be referred to as a mechanism; examples are the steering mechanism in a car, or the winding mechanism of a wristwatch. However, typically, a set of multiple mechanisms is called a machine.
While all mechanisms in a mechanical system are three-dimensional, they can be analysed using plane geometry if the movement of the individual components is constrained so that all point trajectories are parallel or in a series connection to a plane. In this case the system is called a planar mechanism. The kinematic analysis of planar mechanisms uses the subset of Special Euclidean group SE, consisting of planar rotations and translations, denoted by SE.
The group SE is three-dimensional, which means that every position of a body in the plane is defined by three parameters. The parameters are often the x and y coordinates of the origin of a coordinate frame in M,[clarification needed] measured from the origin of a coordinate frame in F, and the angle measured from the x-axis in F to the x-axis in M.[clarification needed] This is often described saying a body in the plane has three degrees of freedom.
The pure rotation of a hinge and the linear translation of a slider can be identified with subgroups of SE, and define the two joints as one degree-of-freedom joints of planar mechanisms.[incomprehensible] The cam joint formed by two surfaces in sliding and rotating contact is a two degree-of-freedom joint.