What are the Purpose and Elements of the Railway Track?

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In one of the previous videos we talked about rail signaling as one of the key elements of the railway system. Today, we’ll talk about another such element, also crucial for the existence and functioning of the railway traffic. The railway track.
Railway track is a multilayered construction which typicaly includes rails, fish plates (also called joint bars or splice bars), rail fastening system, sleepers (also called ties), ballast and optionally a so called sub-ballast.
In this video we discuss the purpose of each of these elemets in the railway track, but also the role of the railway track as a whole.
All elements of the railway track must be able to absorb and transfer all forces resulting from the movements of trains (heavy static pressure plus dynamic impacts), and that from rails to sleepers, from sleepers to ballast, and finally from ballast to the base layer of the railway track.
At the end of the video, we briefly explained the ballast-less track (slab track), a type of modern and advanced railway track, in which the traditional elastic combination of sleepers and ballast is replaced by a rigid construction made of concrete or asphalt.
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