Mongols vs. Mamluks: The Battle of Ain Jalut

In 1260, the Mongols were at the height of their power. At this moment, a large Mongol army swept into Syria ready to crush the forces of the Mamluk Sultan Qutuz. In defiance, the Mamluk Sultan assembled his army, and prepared for a showdown at the Battle of Ain Jalut. Here, the Mamluks and the Mongols would decisively test one another in one of the truly remarkable battles of the Middle Ages.
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Sources:
-Amitai-Preiss, Reuven - Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Īlkhānid War, 1260-1281, (Cambridge, 1995)
-Nicolle, David - The Mongol Warlords, (Brockhampton, 1998)
-Perry, Glenn E. - The History of Egypt, (Greenwood, 2004)
-Sicker, Martin - The Islamic World in Ascendancy: From the Arab Conquests to the Siege of Vienna, (Praeger, 2000)
-Waterson, James - The Knights of Islam: The Wars of the Mamluks, (Greenhill, 2007)
#Baibars #Mamluk #Mongol

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Mongol/Crusader Alliance video: kzbin.info/www/bejne/rp2tmX1-iJt2ia8 Clips and Visuals by Nedim Can Incebay: kzbin.info Support me on Patreon: www.patreon.com/RealCrusadesHistory

[@kapperdao3617]

Qqqqqqq 7 . .

[@mariongranbruheim4090]

Great to hear a description of the tactics used and the progress of the battle, not just “A defeated B”.

[@519forestmonk9]

This channel single-handedly satisfies my history nerd hungers. Keep up the great scholarship!

[@erkinbotokanov5740]

Sad situation.

[@CLP99th]

Great video as always! You ought to do a video on the SECOND Mongol (Golden Horde) invasion of Europe! I know it's not really related to the Crusades, but people often overlook it despite being as large if not larger than the first! The response of the Hungarians and the outcome of the invasion are also VERY interesting!

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Yes, I want to do that! My only concern is the place names and personalities, I want to make sure I get the correct pronunciation. I need to talk to a native Hungarian speaker.

[@asterisgiotas3332]

History becomes increasingly interesting with J Stephen Roberts

[@danielr1843]

J Stephens yet again opens another chapter in the Crusades that is not visited enough. Great stuff as always!

[@vonhumboldt1985]

He used their own tactics against them. Clever guy that baibars

[@sourweed9818]

He was a Cuman. A Turkic tribe northeast of black sea. His relatives massacred by Mongols and he sold into slavery. Also the other guy Qutuz he was also a Cuman Turk. He was from the ruling dynasty of Transoxiana of Khawerezmids. His all family massacred by Mongols. He escaped and sold into slavery. For both of them it was a personal thing. They both took their revenge.

[@Boudica234]

Yup. The good ol fake retreat. Ironic that the Mongols fell for a tactic they used so often with much success.

[@dahmansbaihi3202]

Seif al-Din Qutz set the same plan as the Islamic leader Khalid ibn al-Walid

[@vijitmathur4152]

One thing in mind most powerful mongol why they not conquered Egypt why they were defeated

[@user-mj1st5bt3d]

Al-Malik al-Muzaffar Sayfiddin Qutuz from Uzbekistan 🇺🇿🇹🇷🇦🇿🇰🇬🇰🇿🇹🇲🇭🇺 Turks loved yu

[@abcjuniormilton]

Wasn't it the Mongol strategy to fake retreat then lead the enemy into a trap where Mongol reinforcements waited to overwhelm them? How ironic then that it was used against them at Ain Jalut.

[@user-zs6xw3nr1t]

well it was a steppe nomad strategy used by many tribes including cumans which were used as slave solders(Mamelukes)by Arabs

[@misaelfraga8196]

They also fought without their Khan. So leadership played a role here.

[@abdurrahmanqureshi3030]

That technique had been used long before Mongols, during the Hunnic era.

[@aburoach9268]

@@misaelfraga8196 And yet Berke Khan pulled that same trick on Hulagu near the Terek River, So your argument is pointless 🤣

[@ProfessorOFanthropology979]

The Feigned retreat tactic has been used by all steppe people, both preceding the mongols, and succeeding them

[@AshenRinglets]

Brilliant as ever! Nobody does history better than Real Crusades History!

[@risingwindspress]

“Infinity War is the most ambitious crossover event in history” Real Crusades History:

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

There you go! :)

[@zeddevalons]

Awesome! Cant wait for whats coming next!

[@syedkhalil9630]

Was glued to my screen man. Amazing narration

[@MrHash97]

There was not a big difference in numbers between the armies each ranging from 10-20k and some even claiming the Mamluks were slightly outnumbered, the Mongols broke after losing their general Kitbuqa in battle and not being able to break the Mamluks, the fight was not won by numbers but by the outstanding resolve of the Mamluk army and the great leadership of Baibars and Qutuz.

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Agreed, there is disagreement about the numbers, though many historians think the Mamluks slightly outnumbered the Mongols. The excellence of the Mamluk army in the field as well as top-rate generalship were the critical factor. The Mamluks were among the finest warriors of the era, without question.

[@billybob5337]

@@RealCrusadesHistory They would have been crushed by Genghis himself though. The Mongols were starting to lose focus by 1260. They were spreading way too thin

[@zhyar313]

​@@billybob5337in the battle of terek river 1262, hulagu himself fled against berke khan 🤣. So your argument is pointless

[@thebigone6071]

I can’t wait!!! You guys are the greatest historians in the world!!!

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Thanks for that high praise!

[@thebigone6071]

@Real Crusades History You guys are the best! Numero uno!!!

[@oussamalalgerino4234]

Great video, keep going @Real Crusades History ❤❤

[@johnrooney507]

Amazing how coordinated they were during battle.

[@ibm456]

I heard in a video it was done through drums/music

[@Engehaugen82]

Just compleated your book for my summer read. Liked it a lot. Plans for more books down the line?

[@djaoudchihab3144]

As a Muslim.i find this is a very good informative channel 👍

[@vaughnslavin9784]

Thank you!

[@syedkhalil9630]

Fantastic video

[@middleearthltd]

Nice work. Like, comment ...the least I can do to show respect for all you are doing

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Thanks very much!

[@adamiskander2759]

Great history Channel Many thanks

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Glad you enjoyed it

[@joesanchez979]

Thanks for these great videos and history

[@luckylucky8506]

Honestly i like watching this channel for their awesome animated game scenes.

[@reaver5]

I love this title sequence, gives me chills

[@Whasscool]

Can't wait until the movie drops!

[@kaushiksheshnagraj7176]

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[@RealCrusadesHistory]

Thank you so much 😀

[@kaushiksheshnagraj7176]

@@RealCrusadesHistory welcome bro. So when will your another stunning video come.

[@jawadchaban7730]

Because of you I got an A+ on my project thank you very muck

[@simeonus1688]

RCH, do a vid where u show us all ur history books 📚

[@CraftySouthpaw]

Mamluks: "We changed the course of history by feigning a retreat." William the Conqueror: "First time?"

[@subutaykhan9387]

It is a traditional nomad trick. Dont get too excited. Some say William learned that trick from Selçuk sultan Alparslan

[@abdelll9737]

@@subutaykhan9387 Let them have their delusions bro.

[@mahmudofghazni2390]

No alp arslan

[@farhansadeeq5091]

Middle easterners and Central Asians have been doing feigned retreat trick way before William I of Norman

[@sugoi9680]

@@subutaykhan9387 How on earth would William get in contact with him?

[@acrusader.1801]

Wow, aCrusader just pressed 👍👍👍

[@ishitrealbad3039]

did you delete your video of Alfonso II the battler? I can't find it anywhere.

[@trisgilmour]

Very interesting 🤔

[@williamlawrence3659]

Love your story's it's realism what's the story with knight cross still within for trailer

[@jrock865]

monkey khan along with diddy khan and donkey khan were all defeated by mario and luigi a very intense fight of barrel throwing and ladders.

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

haha I admit I laughed at this...

[@jrock865]

@@RealCrusadesHistory 😆

[@123Goldhunter11]

The superior endurance of Arabian Horses might have also had an effect.

[@precursors]

Not really. Mamluks won due to outnumbering the Mongols 2 to 1 and also knew the terrain better than the Mongols. Nothing to do with arabian horses

[@eldeebcampeador]

@@precursors Not true, in this battle, Hulagu left Kitbuqa with 2 tumens (10 thousand men per tumen). The Mamluks had between 15,000 to 20,000 men. It was not 2:1, it was 1:1 if not even 1:1.5

[@precursors]

@@eldeebcampeador Not true.

[@eldeebcampeador]

@@precursors It's true, believe it or don't believe it, history doesn't care.

[@precursors]

@@eldeebcampeador Not true.

[@meankronen8217]

As an Arab it is strange to feel that the only reason the Islamic nation survived at that time is because Hulagu Khan left for politics and took the vast majority of the army with him, had he not done that we would be doomed and the Mamluks would stand no chance. The Mongols had over 100k at that time, the only left 20k and it was still a very hard battle for us. And just to be clear this is the same reason Europe survived, Subutai left for politics when he won the war, think about how bigger the Mongol empire would have been if these two didnt go back to Mongolia for politics and how different the world would have been today.

[@mohammedyassine9263]

Berke khan joined the chat by converting to islam and fought against hulagu with thé golden horde. Muslims just got healed from fighting thé crusaders and then they had to fight mongolians

[@meankronen8217]

@@mohammedyassine9263 Our largest army during the crusades is 100k, one general from the Mongolians has 100k like its nothing. We are no match.

[@mohammedyassine9263]

@@meankronen8217 still Muslims defeated them in india and ain jalut and even some battles in khwarezmian empire Thé mongols later converted to islam they might have been stronger but WE won the war

[@meankronen8217]

@@mohammedyassine9263There are no records of the Muslims defeating them apart from the small force that the Mamluks defeated. We cant make up history to make ourselves feel better.

[@mohammedyassine9263]

@@meankronen8217 Lol Guess you havent Heard of alaudin kilji and how delhi sultanate defeated mongols 5 Times in a row it's very commonly known

[@Mullet-ZubazPants]

The Mongols weakness always seemed to be succession strife, and naval conflicts

[@Wen6543]

And stone fortresses. And crossbows. And European heavy cavalry. And forests. And swamps. And...

[@WarDogMadness]

And fighting in veitnams humid jungles

[@Mullet-ZubazPants]

@@Wen6543 The Mongols did fine against stone walls. They penetrated Baghdad's walls. They penetrated the walls of Song Dynasty cities, that had walls stronger and thicker than any European kingdom had. And they faced crossbows long before they conquered westward, since crossbows are a Chinese invention. And they did fine against European heavy cavalry, time and time again

[@Mullet-ZubazPants]

@@WarDogMadness And jungles, true

[@Wen6543]

​@@Mullet-ZubazPants European stone fortresses were more than "stone walls", they were made in such a way that they also housed many well trained and equipped soldiers, they were for defense but also acted as "power bases" for attacks. Mongols did have the capability to take them out but were a pain in the a$$, it would took them too much time and loses. Crossbows? Who says that Chinese crosssbows didn´t work well? Against Euro Heavy Cavalry? Quite the contrary, EHC did fantastic against the Mongols, the problem is that they were too few in Eastern Europe and the invaded part of Central Europe. Why you think that after the First Mongolian Invasions East Europe built like mad many castles, made like mads MANY heavy cavalry and armed and trained with crossbows even the peasants? Because they did a fantastic job in the first invasion. And what happened when the Mongols did the next invasions and faced that "westernized army"? They were humiliated and exterminated in such a way that they were never again a real threat to anyone.

[@thecrusaderhistorian9820]

Great video! To think how our world might have changed if it weren't for politics.

[@fascinujucedejinyuhorskeho4641]

How does it look like with the Tv series The Knights of the Cross...? Hope that everything is OK, you are all good Christians with good intentions.

[@Shahi-bangalah_1352]

Imagine if Richard/subutai lived during the time of baibars ! It would have been the rivalry of the century!

[@eldeebcampeador]

Richard? You mean the Lionheart? LOL. He would have been crushed by either or.

[@misaelfraga8196]

Mongols were fighting without their Khan. So leadership played a role in this battle.

[@kennetholiver954]

Indeed,the Mongols were overstretched and without proper leadership. They would have been stopped sooner or later.

[@imlaughinq7445]

@@kennetholiver954 I wouldn’t say proper leadership. The mongol warlord was famous among the turko-mongols

[@alexpenalo4684]

Do one about the fall of Constantinople

[@tomithomas2151]

If Hulegukhan was not forced to go back to his kingdom in Central Asia, due to the death of Mongekhan, Mangols could have defeated Mamluks, it is felt. Both Baibars and Qutus are of Turkik origin. What happened to Qutus after this war? How Baubars became Sultan?

[@mohamedmamdouh682]

Wrong, ain galut was the start mamluks defeated the Mongols in tens of battles after that even when the Mongols came with 100 thousands, they also allied with the crusaders at some battles and the mamluks defeated them both , ask this channel owner who humiliated both the Mongols and crusaders at the same time and who ended the last crusaders stronghold in acre and ended you forever he will tell you the mamluks

[@bobyoung1698]

The feigned retreat used by the Mamelukes was introduced to eastern European armies by ... the Mongols.☺️

[@djinjis]

Mamluk (Arabic: مملوك, romanized: mamlūk (singular), مماليك, mamālīk (plural);, also spelt Mamaluk translated as "one who is owned", meaning "slave") were non-Arab, ethnically diverse (mostly Turkic, Caucasian, Eastern and Southeastern European) enslaved mercenaries, slave-soldiers.

[@joesanchez979]

I can't get enough of European history and templar history

[@AhmedAli-ht4wd]

Where is the European history here it’s a battle between the Egyptian army and Mongolian army

[@SithStudy]

@@AhmedAli-ht4wd the crusaders actually played a small role in this battle

[@drzl]

@@SithStudy where

[@SithStudy]

@@drzl study the battle. The crusaders let the mamluks cross their territory before the battle started

[@swampstyle]

History mixed with my favorite game

[@RealCrusadesHistory]

These games are a great tool to help recreate history.

[@user-ie5gm3bj7w]

@@RealCrusadesHistory can u tell me please which game is it?

[@markkuuss]

Please can you make a video about the relationship that the Crusaders had with the Mongols?

[@user-ec1ff4sl9u]

💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩💩

[@abdelll9737]

They’re never gonna admit that.

[@aburoach9268]

@@abdelll9737 strange to ignore it, considering the Mamelukes crushed a crusader & mongol coalition later on

[@redips8947]

Real Mongols History :)

[@krigry32]

the mamluks would go on to beat the Mongols in several battles. This would be the beginning of a series of setbacks for the Mongols, in Hungary , Poland, Vietnam , Japan, Indonesia, the Deli Sultanate ( the first power to take on the Mongols in their own territories) and Lithauania that would expand their territory on the expanse of the Golden Horde . As overwheliming the as the Mongol invasions were, countries that got an opportunity to face them a second time, and reararanged their defence, were in general sucessful. The Mongols were in deed very good at what they were good at, and the most efficient conquerors in history. But their reportoar was limited.

[@matthewmann8969]

Mongols were very complex

[@fleadoggreen9062]

I like to think the battles with the crusaders helped prepare the malmuks?

[@wrdswpns1139]

nah mamluks didnt need there help put some respect on there name

[@middleeastrenwarriormen1017]

Ilkhanid Mamluk War

[@vijitmathur4152]

I don't understand why mongol defeated by Egypt why they not able to conquered Egypt and full Africa why why

[@Salafite]

Because god didn’t will that for them ..

[@zer0875]

Didn't the Crusaders help the Mongols during this battle?

[@najigarwachi7927]

Yes they helped them...and after that get destroyed by mamlukes

[@kennetholiver954]

I don`t think they did. They we`re letting them kill each other.

[@Nicola.M7]

@@kennetholiver954 lol what ever u say fanboy

[@ayoubriyahi2770]

If Islam lost, you would not hear Christianity today. Mongols wanted the whole planet earth.

[@kennetholiver954]

@@ayoubriyahi2770 they would never have taken europe you wally. They were over stretched and on the verge og breaking up.

[@alexr8254]

I was expecting a more glorious victory from the arabs, thus this fight was won only by the superiority of numbers; The mongols did not have a huge army, also the terrain was very well known by the arabic army. If the armies where to be equal numbered, I doubt that the arabs would have won.

[@abdelnasserwardani3346]

You must not forget one thing ,the Mongol army is 100 % cavalry and arab sources claim they were equal in size and even outnumbered their was Armenian and Georgian contingents fighting with the Mongols as Katboga himself was a Nestorian Christiaan Mongol

[@tomithomas2151]

If Hulegukhan was not forced to go back to his kingdom with a large portion of his army, anything could have happened, it is felt.

[@beepboop204]

Arf

[@ygjt76v0-----]

Why peoples always love war 🤔

[@abdolrahmanhamed2821]

I don't know "really" maybe People loves war because War is more effective than only talking to the enemies without any real results or any outcomes ?

[@gideonros2705]

The question can be answered ony spiritualy in my opinion. The default state of consciousness of humans is a subject-object relationship. In other words individuals RELATE to others as OBJECTS of their own subjective consciousness. Which also means that except for small number of relationships humans tend to objectify others by exercising power over them. The important insight must be that this subject-object relationship starst with ones own body where the Ego perceives the body as the object to the mind and therefore subjected to the mind. Rudolf Steiner wrote about this and British psychoanalytic school.

[@jessiewasson584]

Aww mongols bested with the own strategy 😂

[@rahuldsouza1985]

Mongols lost because they did not have hulagu.

[@valerym1400]

Most soldiers in so called Mongolian army weren't Mongols. There were Turkish people.

[@joesanchez979]

Especially crusaders

[@Nicola.M7]

Yea he forgot to mention them even though they got slayed in that battle alongside the mongols by the Mamelukes

[@moatazelleithy3067]

I think The Mongols outnumbered the Mamluks not the opposite

[@oobrocks]

I'll bet Alexander the Great could have beaten Genghis Khan! Alex: 20-0 in battles

[@GjergjKastriotiottomanSlayer]

Genghis Khan > All

[@oobrocks]

Both all

[@tamirg1505]

u r very wrong, our ancestors were all great cavalry archers there were no infantry units, but I think most of Alexander's forces were infantry units? And our bow has longest shoot range then any other bows in the world

[@tamirg1505]

And his name is Chinggis (CH like "CH"IP) Khaan (KH like "H"EAVY) with double A, it's more like nickname, real name is Temuujin, son of Esuhei baatar, who was grandson Habul Haan

[@oobrocks]

Alexander was the head of his. Calvary. He was Smart. His teacher was the smartest man alive in the 4th century bc