Regional Economic Integration | International Business | From A Business Professor

Since the 1990s, the world has witnessed an unprecedented proliferation of regional trade blocs that promote regional economic integration. By 2020, nearly all of the World Trade Organization’s members had participated in one or more regional trade agreement. The total number of regional trade agreements currently in effect is around 300.
So, what is regional economic integration? How can it affect the global economy? Are there some differences among regional trade agreements regarding levels of integration? This video will answer these questions for you.

[@amberstern2820]

I never knew the complexity of integration and barriers into other countries! This video really makes you think about how you can't just go overseas and expect to do things how you do in your home country. Great video!

[@ZSAesthetics]

The looks into the different levels Economic Integration were done in a way that was both satisfying and informative. An easy to understand and interesting one to say the least. I also quite liked the part about the benefits and costs breakdown as well. This video was another fine look into the material that needed to be covered.

[@levihesley4732]

Its really crazy to see how many different trade agreements are throughout the world when we generally only hear about the main ones that impact us. I also find it very interesting to learn about the different levels of integration that countries can adopt based on their specific needs and wants.

[@brilenseratte6390]

I really enjoyed watching this video a few weeks ago. I loved how it looked into different levels of economic integration and how the interact with each level. It was super informative and had a great tone throughout the video. Very clear and precise and enjoyable.

[@stirilm2817]

The video did really well describing the economic integration on a global scale. I think it's too easy to ignore the changes in other countries because we primarily focus on the US but seeing something scope out and encompass other countries and regions was quite informative; truly beneficial and a great video. Two thumbs up.

[@misaelsanchez9866]

Great educational video Dr. Yang, it is good to see there are process agreements of two or more nation-states agree to co-operate and work closely together to achieve peace, stability and wealth.

[@garrettjohnson2775]

I enjoyed learning about the regional economic integration. I had never really dug deep into this subject before I watched this video, but it has helped me understand more. I really enjoyed learning about the five levels of economic integration and the costs that we don't think about when you have regional economic integration.

[@gracywalters4729]

This is such a great video to explain all 5 levels of economic integration. Its so easy to overlook them, but I like how this goes in depth

[@katef9145]

This video was so interesting, I never really understood or took a second thought about how integrated the economy really was with the whole world. This video along with the current status of our supply chain and foreign exchange helped me better understand how the economies work together. I enjoyed learning about the level of integration and complexity of economies, I did not know there are 5 different levels. Thank you for creating this video that is short, sweet and to the point.

[@TCMUSA]

Before seeing this video, I was unaware that such a thing ever existed.I found this film to be extremely beneficial in helping me comprehend the various degrees of integration and how they differ from one another. This film did a fantastic job of describing everything, and I definitely learned a lot from viewing it. I know much more about trading and have a better knowledge of the five levels after seeing this video.

[@GracieChats]

This video really opened my eyes about the positives and negatives of regional economic integration. It was very beneficial to learn more in depth about the European Union, NAFTA, the United States, and USMCA. I really enjoyed learning more about regional trade agreements and was surprised to learn more about the U.S. that I was previously never taught.

[@madiopitz5882]

I really enjoyed this video especially the part that talks about NAFTA. I had heard about it plenty of times but this way was clearly explained. I find the concept of regional economic development fascinating and this video did a wonderful of explaining everything. Leaving this video I have a deeper understanding of the five levels and know much more about trade. It also taught me to open my eyes to trade issues that our happening outside of the US.

[@jayceevanhorn6291]

This video does an amazing job at explaining the different levels of integration and how each of the levels correlate with each other. Before watching this video the completion of the subject seemed somewhat daunting to understand but this was explained so well. This video sparked my interest to look into the European union and has so much beneficial information inside of it, such a great chapter video.

[@tannerwaynick9140]

I thought this video did a fantastic job on explaining the 5 levels of economic integration. I had no idea that this even existed before watching this video. You did a great job on explaining everything and I really took away a lot of useful information from watching this. Thanks for making this video!

[@emilypittman2600]

This video provided good information about the 5 different levels of integration. It helped me to get a better understanding of them and how they differentiate from one another. It was also interesting to see what the benefits and costs that come with regional agreements.

[@rachellabat5856]

This video was very helpful for me to understand the different levels of integration and how they are different from one another. I didn't know that much about regional economic integration before watching this video, and now I feel like I understand it a lot better.

[@landonchaney6134]

This video is very eyeopening on the topic of regional economic integration on a global scale. I like learning about all of the positives and negatives associated within it.

[@Blakeman252]

I loved the chart that showed each union and market and how it relates to complexity and level of integration. I think it served as a solid asset to help me understand the sum of things for this video.

[@calliehyde4581]

This video really helped me understand the regional economic integration and how it helps to reduce and remove tariffs and non-tariffed barriers to the flow of goods, services, and the factors of production. I did not know the complexity and level of the integration from free trade to the political union. I can also understand the video better with the illustrations that are provided in each of the concepts.

[@victorhuerta9364]

This video is very helpful in understanding the 5 level of economic integration and what each of its pros and cons are. It also taught me a lot about how countries benefit from one another even when they don’t look eye to eye politically

[@shannonmyers2235]

I never really paid much attention to the regional economic integration until this chapter. I understand more now the reality and the importance in International Business. Regional economic integration effects the world as a whole and you covered this topic well.

[@ryanakaandroid_skeleton3170]

I enjoyed this video because it took me back to the early ‘90s. I watched the EU form as a 12 year old, and can clearly remember some of the American media coverage. I was fascinated by it because it was one of the first times I really could understand international news, and could somewhat comprehend the historical significance.

[@lorayav5435]

Very good and informative video, I studied NAFTA and USMCA and I’m glad to have more details in this video an it was interesting to learn how regional economic integration can have positive and negative effect.

[@pattyhasbell8527]

@pattyh I really had no idea how many trade agreements exist it is a huge network of trade agreements and how they can be beneficial to the country in the long run. thank you for clarifying this topic.

[@breannamcgowan7780]

I really enjoyed the way this video was formatted. I feel it allowed me to digest the information being taught reasonably easily. I think Economic Integration is very interesting and I had a good time learning about it.

[@aztecaking1000]

I enjoyed watching this video as it relates to the relationship countries have with their neighbors. It displayed the advantages and disadvantages of regional economic integration and the different levels found in the world today. I did not know of some agreements such as MERCOSUR, and also did not know about the USMCA trade agreement. I found it interesting how being in a "members-only" agreement can also serve as a blockade to trade with other countries. Global trading will continue to grow as advancements in technology and strategies increase.

[@AbsterTheWise]

Great educational video on regional economic integration. It helped me understand the process and methods of how this system works.

[@robertbing7585]

This was a great video. It expanded my knowledge into exploring how different countries can treat your business.

[@Jane306]

you're a gem! My professor explained nothing but anything from textbook and we were left confused the whole time.

[@iamadangovea]

This video was really able to teach me something new. I had no idea with Regional Economic Integration was or what it meant, but now I believe I have a good grasp on the topic and want to learn more.

[@jameshunsinger4438]

This was a very informative video. I was able to learn a lot about the positives and negatives of regional economic integration. Before watching the video I understood some benefits, but the costs of trade diversion and employment shifts and reductions were new for me. This also helped clarify why countries have not been as interested in the EU as they have in the past due to issues such as differences in currency and tax regulations.

[@brendaborrego4745]

this was a really informative video about the 5 levels of economic integration. Defiantly was able to understand it a little bit better

[@jalenhollie1497]

The 5 levels of regional economic integration was informative and gave me more insight on how trade is and what goes into it. I had some knowledge but this video helped me further understand this concept.

[@claytoncannon6661]

I found this video to be a very insightful presentation on 'Reginal Economic Integration'. This is a topic that I know little about, but this video provided key details that helped me to quickly understand this topic. The chart with the five levels and their measurements of both 'Level of Integration' and 'Complexity' were very clearly explained throughout the video and helped me to grasp the overall concept with ease.

[@jojohntv2157]

This was my most helpful video as it helped me write my class summary. The pandemic has highlighted the downside of globalization and some economy’s have had to rely on the power of their regional markets.

[@jamiebowden706]

This video was particularly helpful and interesting in the way it broke down regional economic integration. Since regional economic integration does not equally benefit everyone the hinderances implemented to slow it and its associated costs were interesting. I thought this video did a good job of explaining the concepts and giving a better understanding of how even things meant to be positive can have negative side effects.

[@priyapatel3795]

In this video, I was able to learn all the different levels of economic integration. I did not know much of the regional economic intervention before this video so I found it very informative how their are different levels that play in certain economy levels.

[@cheyennepage5349]

This is a good video to introduce someone to the 5 levels of economic integration coming from someone who didn't know there were 5 levels. I think it is important to note that the disadvantages were pretty noticeable being crime was a big one.

[@tristanthigpen8356]

I found this video very interesting as it touched on a topic I wasn't too familiar with prior to this chapter. I gained a better understanding of what regional economic integration was and the costs and benefits of it.

[@jorgemunoz6827]

I knew very little about NAFTA and how the we now use USMCA. I learned how it’s all related to the 5 levels of integration. The video explains the differences of each level and how they work. Many countries do this and I never really noticed it.

[@bradenjenkins8016]

I think this gives a good explanation about economic integration and some examples of it in action. Being from the United States, NAFTA and USMCA are common terms that one might here so it's good to get a better understanding of these. Also, learning about what occurs in each level of economic integration is very helpful since some aren't as common as the others that most are familiar with.

[@alexanderthegreat408]

I've always knew that NAFTA had something to do with economic integration, but this video really shows a social aspect of how countries work together to make overall better trade deals that really bring the global economy together and strengthen relations between allied nations.

[@irielamontoya4376]

This video was interesting but it was also simplified in the way that regional economic integration was explained. I enjoyed learning that regional economic integration doesn’t necessarily benefit everybody and learning about what actually happens at every level of economic integration.

[@cameroncolebishop]

This video was interesting but it was also simplified in the way that regional economic integration was explained.

[@jordancolbert4984]

I think you did a really good job on this video. It expanded my knowledge on regional economic integration. I think regional economic integration is a great thing. It helps companies and country develop on an economic stand point, which I think benefits the world as a whole. Such as advancements in technology.

[@alexmartinez4325]

This video informed me a lot about regional economic integration, which I did not know a lot about before this video. I like how it talked about the importance of NAFTA and USMCA. Great Video!

[@elizabethtaloa9308]

Such a great video, it helped me understand the 5 level of economic integration with great examples. It teaches me a lot on how countries benefit from one another. Regional Economic Integration affects the whole world

[@MaxineDePalma]

This video gives a great insight on how interconnected world economies and international trade are. I found the different levels of integration very interesting since I had not heard of them before. The textbook outlines the political structure of the EU, which is very complex. This is understandable if Europe is working toward economic and political integration. I think it would be very interesting to see how the many countries weigh the benefits and costs of the agreements in the EU.

[@dheemantn]

This video was quite interesting because of how UK leaving the EU happened. I remember watching it live on the news. The reason behind waa understood now. Overall great video about regional economic integration.

[@amanda05683]

This video was very interesting and educational. I was aware of both NAFTA & USMCA TRADE agreements, but unaware of MERCOSUR so I particularly enjoyed that bit of information. I also thought it was interesting to see how regional economic integration has both good and bad effects on economies.

[@savannahspicher1763]

This was a great video! It was very informative about the economic integration. I didn't have much of an understanding about thistopic but have a better understanding on European Union, NAFTA, and USMCA. I love how clear this video is and how it provides us detailed information.

[@aohan8077]

This is quite fascinating. I frequently fail to consider the complexities of trade agreements, particularly when crossing borders. Even though I am aware that there are advantages and disadvantages to trading, I believe there are many benefits to be had in the long run. I do believe that it needs to be balanced, though, in order for all parties to benefit from the agreements.

[@cedar2496]

I remember from another of your videos where you describe how political interference from multi-national corporations are a cost of globalization. The mention of the loss of national sovereignty ties into this concept. Countries have to carefully weigh the benefits to their state and citizenry when considering integration and globalization opportunities.

[@ssebulibafrank1099]

So educative

[@AK-pe6mi]

I remember when the UK leaving EU was a bigget topic on the news for weeks in 2016 and how afraid the other countries are about uncertainty of how that'll effect them. I did not know there were stages in regional economic intergration before this video. After watching this video, these agreement will widen the option for every country to protect its own people IF it's used wisely.

[@peytonleigh22]

This video helped me understand how things are done differently in other countries, and how things work in the U.S. isn’t always the same as it is everywhere else which is very interesting.

[@pradeepbhatnagar4848]

Well said sir bt.in my view it's a Competitive global competative world.Apart from Regional Trade Integration there r loopholes too.In my view as a professional transition from Domestic business to international business is vry.imp.too nd need of the present scenario and future for economy generation in positive terms for Productivity.Nice and innovative Lecture on International Business nd domestic business and policies nd strategy in brief.Sincerely appreciated.

[@fashionstardancer]

I enjoyed this video because it helps explains why sometimes there may be less or more of an item available due to trade from other countries. A few months ago, the United States was expecting an avocado shortage due to problems with the United States and Mexico, which shows there are many positive and negatives of economic integration between countries

[@nastsulll]

Too good sir ❤

[@chidoojiakor6524]

Very succint.

[@meredithprince860]

This is very interesting. I often don't think about the complexity of making trade agreements, especially when crossing borders. I do understand there are positive and negative features to be considered, but overall, I think there is a lot to be gained with trade. However, I do think it needs to be balanced so that all parties involved gain from the agreements.

[@andrewcotten1741]

We are all connected!

[@kallin3076]

I can see how a political union would be difficult to obtain. Getting all of the member states to coordinate and agree on policies would be a challenge. This would integrate the member states so well that all barriers to movement of goods would be removed, so it would be worth the obstacles.

[@marshahenderson4480]

I can see the benefits to business that comes from regional economic integration. Facilitating easier trade between neighboring countries makes sense financially. I have to admit that politically however, when you get past the level of Common Market, I get nervous. I think there needs to be restrictions particularly in the areas of immigration and political decision making. The potential for crime across borders and the loss of National sovereignty concern me a great deal.

[@wworley9358]

I think the levels of economic integration are interesting. While there are benefits, I personally think that the loss of sovereignty a nation can experience by participating in a regional trade agreement is a big concern.

[@kmeyer-ds9uo]

I had a tough time wrapping my head around this topic in the book, thankfully this video put it into terms that helped me understand just how many trade agreements there are around the world.

[@malone_tnk9106]

In this video, I learned more about how countries are able to trade amongst each other and also learn about how some of them have blocks. I didn't know that other countries hold different amounts for their currency. I thought that the value of a dollar was the same everywhere

[@evanhodges9774]

I was astonished to learn that nearly all world trade organization members had to deal with some version of integration in multiple regional trade agreements. However, this should be recognized because dealing with different types of groups will be apart of any type of business job. The common market should be used first considering it allows for no barriers in trade countries.

[@brandonburke2177]

I thought all of the moving parts of regional economic integration were very interesting. Trade can be extremely beneficial, especially if someone else can produce it more efficiently but there can be implications to how you decide to trade with neighboring countries or other countries in general. I think it's interesting that regional economic integration can create opportunity and comradery between countries but if one side decides to abuse the other it can cause friction. I think trade agreements/regional economic integration is very important but you have to establish boundaries and fairness so everyone benefits.

[@amanaqureshi7767]

This video was very straight to the point and I actually learned a lot about the different agreements all over the world. It really shows how some countries can work together to bring about more economic growth and connections for products, services, and other factors to bring each other together.

[@austinr8358]

It is interesting to me that Europe has contributed so much to their regional economic integration over the past couple of decades. Brexit was controversial because of UK's withdraw form the EU and its potential effect on regional economic integration. Although, this allows UK to have tariffs and other personalized policies that the rest of the EU does not have.

[@lanehutchinson4761]

Regional economic integration refers to the process by which neighboring countries come together to form closer, economic ties typically through the elimination or reduction of barriers to trade, investment, and other economic activities. This collaborative approach aims to enhance efficiency, promote economic growth, and create a more integrated and interconnected economic space. Additionally, regional economic integration, fosters a sense of community and cooperation among members nations, contributing to political stability and diplomatic relations.

[@ED4ETB]

The European Union, because it is so large and consists of so many characteristics of a typical state, is often mistakenly referred to as a state or a country. The EU is a political system, but it is not a state.

[@MrVanzantie]

The regional economic integration model is affected by the political relationships, the status of the economy, and the agreements in place businesses have with the clients or companies that store their products and other goods in those regions plays a factor into the strategic decisions an owner or the individual overseeing the transactions. The five levels are set up to help a company or firm navigate the landscape of the regions they occupy of the five levels the first level is where most of the developed countries conduct business since the trade agreements they have in place allows them to control the policies around nonmembers. The second level is custom unions and most of them members of that occupy this space are communities native to the area or region a majority of agricultural or land expansions operations are prevalent or ongoing. The third level and most balanced of the 5 levels is common market and many entities and organizations operate in this space since there are many hurdles and other obstacles to navigate as time goes by they will eventually progress into the economic union level. The fourth level which is the economic union requires the same items as the common market in addition to having a set established currency that the union and its members conduct trades, exchanges, and policies in an effort to promote companionship and further integrate themselves into a strong force. The fifth level is the political union and most of the union is coordinated around political facets such as economics, social, and foreign policies that are discussed in various roles of political occupation leadership and the direction that influences the state of the union.

[@osmondduncan9497]

I now better understand economic integration also the negative and positive that each country will face as a member.

[@ryanweaver962]

world wars and large conflicts always start with trade and economic issues extending over time. Many times more than not.. the history retelling begins with political strife and alliances of inflammation... but, the processes in which good and services move are almost always pre-cursors to the larger conflicts. I find it fascinating and morbidly gut punching. The irony of trade causing conflict while the inherent realty that pathways of working together while easing dangerous nationalism sentiments helps bring us closer together.. or at least in the realms of working relationships can not be ignored. Think of this... democracy and capitalism is not mob based, but assembling and expressing grievances and utilizing market choices are a part of all of our worlds. Dictators still have money and currency right? It becomes metrics of illusory control over time... war is not a for gone conclusion of human experience; even if it seems that way at times. Granted, fear of conflict does also lead to larger conflicts... these are the natures of humanity. Consider this... I have worked in health care for a while, yet health care is rarely in hard fast economic plans... if it is, it is typically a new entrant player; even since Covid opened eyes while sadly closing many others;. With all of these trade blocks evolving and obvious infrastructure needs... why not ease some of the conflict while better process in health and climate work? They are some big commonality based needs which also a huge drivers of economic reality which dives into better understandings of human based community engagement.

[@katherinejennings9056]

Dr. Yang- This video was very helpful! Personally, I don't think that the US will benefit much from the new trade agreement with Canada and Mexico, outside of the access to produce grown in Mexico and the economic benefits associated with its trade. This video was clear and concise and made it much easier to understand the levels and the differences between them. Thank you! -Katherine Jennings MANA 3312

[@ryanweaver962]

Perhaps we can start with some honesty?

[@emilycurry6120]

Why does integration effect trade?

[@ryanweaver962]

grift and graft really needs a human centric positive feedback loop in order to work through some very real needs of common language.

[@ryanweaver962]

agile and waterfall concepts

[@Mary_iiv]

this is a bit misleading in the context of the EU, especially while talking about the costs of integration... for example: the rise in crime rates is caused by illegal migration, yes, but illegal means *not from another EU member state*, so this is a problem that could lead towards more political integration in the end because common asylum and migration policy is needed.

[@ryanweaver962]

inadvertent bullying or tools for usurpations can be a basement characteristic.

[@ryanweaver962]

This work is not easy nor is it static

[@ryanweaver962]

The health and climate work does not downplay geographic governance... disease and rivers ya'll