Renal | Kidney Anatomy Model

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Ninja Nerds!
In this lecture Professor Zach Murphy will be teaching you about the anatomy of a kidney and will be using a SOMSO model to show you all of the structures of the kidney! We hope you enjoy this lecture and be sure to support us below!
References:
● Harvey, R., & Ferrier, D. (2011). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews - Biochemistry (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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#ninjanerd #KidneyAnatomy #Renal

[@unknown00011]

Notes part 1/3 kidney kidney bean shaped two present in abdominal cavity There is connective tissue surrounding the kidney- there are three layers 1. renal capsule- made up of loose connective tissue prevents certain types of infectious micro organism from spreading into the kidney there is other connective tissue surrounding it like outside of this one, more superficial to this one which is called the 2. perirenal fat capsule and that's a adipose tissue that's surrounds it It is helpful for being able to cushion the kidneys 3. renal fascia- dense fiberous irregular connective tissue that anchors it to the actual surrounding structures to keep it retroperitoneal, which means behind There's like a slit-like space where the renal arteries going in, the renal vein is coming out, and the ureter is coming out. -That’s called the renal hilus It is very different from the renal sinus The renal sinus is like a plumbing of the kidney. It's like this area or this space, which consist of the renal pelvis the renal artery, the renal veins, and other different structures in this area. outer granulated tissue All the way around is called the cortex, it's called the renal cortex Deep in the kidney is little dark striated types of tissue. That is called the renal medulla - looks like a pyramid, renal pyramid number 23 -inward extension of the cortical tissue and it dips down into the medulla These are called the renal columns, the renal columns are inwards extensions of the cortex the end of renal pyramid , this is the renal pyramid part of the renal medulla at the end of the renal medulla all the way at the bottom the end part right there number 6, is called the renal papilla renal papilla-empties the urine, into this little like tube called the minor calyx multiple minor calyces come together, to form a major calyx The major calyces will join to form big structure which is called the renal pelvis, number 4. the renal pelvis exits the kidney and goes out of the hilus renal pelvis exits the kidney as the ureter the blood flow to the kidney abdominal aorta into the kidney. Off the abdominal aorta there is an artery - number 2. That number 2 is called the renal artery (lat: a. renalis). The renal artery, once it enters into the kidney through the hilus it splits into 2a. 2A is called the segmentary artery the segmental artery goes into what's called the interlobar arteryNumber 13 a lobe- the renal pyramid and the surrounding cortical tissue. The artery here is called the interlobar artery The interlobar artery runs inbetween the two lobes the interlobar artery as it gets to the top part of the cortex, it starts branching off this branch is called the arcuate artery - number 16 Then the arcuate artery as it's moving up it gives off these branches, these ones that are getting radiated up into the cortex is called the cortical radiated artery cortical radiated artery has an afferent arteriole. cortical radiated artery feeds into an afferent arteriole, then into the glomerulus and then through the efferent arteriole and then it comes out of the efferent arteriole and then it goes to peritubular capillaries. From the peritubular capillaries, it comes down through the cortical radiated veins The cortical radiated vein then moves back down it joins with the arcuate vein cortical radiated vein joins with the arcuate vein, and empties into the interlobar vein the interlobar vein joins with other interlobar veins and form the renal vein - number 1 there's no segmental veins an enlarged view of a kidney lobe lobe defined as the renal pyramid and it's surrounding cortical tissue Now, let's keep going and show you what I couldn't show you before interlobar artery number 12 is moving up and then asit moves up, it gives off that branch, around the actual cortex, it gives off this branch right here so number 7 so following up is interlobar then it gives off a branch which is called the arcuate artery Now,the arcuate artery is gonna start feed up here number 8, as we follow this all the way up

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[@ansai.2451]

Legend: PART 1 C. Renal capsule 1. Renal vein 2. Renal artery 3. Ureter B. Outer cortex 23. Renal columns (inward extension of cortex) (1, 2, 3 go through slit light structure called renal hilus) (Renal sinus contains branches of renal aa and vv, pelvis etc) A. Renal Medulla: 6. Renal Papilla 5. Minor calyx 25. Major calyx (multiple 5's) 4. Renal pelvis Blood flow: Abdominal artery 2. Renal artery 2a. Segmental arteries (no segmental vv) 13. Interlobar arteries 16. Arcuate arteries (arcuate aa -> glomerulus -> efferent aa -> peritubular capillaries -> corticoradiate vv -> arcuate vv -> interlobar vv ->renal vv ( NO SEGMENTAL VV) PART 2 RENAL LOBE (renal pyramid + surrounding cortical tissue) 8. Corticoradiate arteries/veins 9. Afferent arteriole 1. Renal corpuscle 10. Efferent arteriole 11. Peritubular capillaries (13. Vasa recta - peritubular capillaries in the medulla) 8. Corticoradiate vein 12. Interlobar vein 7. Arcuate vein (blood drains from 8, 13) 12. Interlobar vein (-> renal vein -> IVC) RENAL CORPUSCLE (glomerulus + bowmann's capsule) 20. Glomerulus (filters plasma components into 1) NEPHRON: 1. Bowmann's capsule 2a. Proximal Convoluted Tubules 2b. Descending limb of loop of Henle 3. Thin section Asc. limb of loop of Henle 4b. Distal convoluted tubule 6. Collecting duct F. Renal papilla 14. Papillary duct (now urine, then to minor calyx etc.) PART 3 6. Afferent arteriole 7. Efferent arteriole JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS (11+12) 11. Juxtaglomerular cells (baroreceptors- blood pressure, mechanoreceptors- stretch,, change opens vescicles that secrete renin that regulates blood pressure) 12. Macula densa (chemoreceptors, part of DCT) 8. Glomerular capillaries (fenestrated, very porous) 9. Podocytes (modified simple squamous cells) (part of visceral layer of bowman's capsule, parietal layer is continuous with visceral layer) 4. PCT

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